高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Into the wild当堂检测题

Unit 5　Into the wild

Part 3　Developing ideas &Presenting ideas

能力提升练

Ⅰ.课文语法填空

I am a nature photographer and enjoy working in the wild. Observing animals in the natural environment is one of the 　1　 (advantage) of this job. 

Yellowstone National Park 　2　 I like to take photos is the world’s first national park. It is known for its 　3　 (vary) wild animals, especially its bears. They can live for 30 years. They weigh up to 300 kilograms, 　4　 they can run at a speed of about 64 kilometres per hour and are good at 　5　 (swim). 

Last spring I 　6　 (walk) along a path through a dark forest. When I came out of it, I concentrated on the amazing scene and took photos. 　7　(sudden), I realized something was staring at me and then I found a bear was only metres away from me. I froze and my legs shook. However, I forced myself 　8　 (take) the photo of it. After it went back into the forest, I recovered 　9　 the shock and knew my most frightening and magical experience was captured. 

I regarded the photo as a 　10　 (remind) to show respect to all animals. It is after all we who are the visitors to their world. 

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

Rupert Isaacson was born in Africa, and grew up in London and in the English countryside, where he discovered his love of horses. He grew up hearing so many amazing memories of Africa from his parents. As a result, he went there and lived with the people called the Bushmen of the Kalahari Desert.

By the year 2000, Rupert was already working as a reporter, writing articles and guidebooks about Africa and India. He had an encounter with his wife Kristin in India. Today, they live with their son, Rowan in the US. But Rupert faced the greatest challenge in his life when, at the age of two, Rowan was diagnosed(诊断)with an illness that influenced his ability to communicate with others.

Rupert discovered that concentrating on riding horses was helping Rowan. But unluckily, the Bushmen of the Kalahari do not have horses. So the family set out for Mongolia where horses have been important for long. Rupert has written about this journey of helping his son in his book The Horse Boy, and he has produced a documentary of the same name. In the film, people have the chances to see the family travelling in Mongolia, riding horses and meeting healers (治疗师) in order to help Rowan.

Because working with horses has helped Rowan a lot, Rupert founded The Horse Boy Foundation on his farm in Texas. It is a school that teaches people how to use horses for healing. Besides writing another book, The Long Ride Home, about travelling with Rowan to Africa, Australia and Arizona in the US, Rupert has also produced the documentary Endangerous, with Rowan as the host, about dangerous animals that are endangered. Rupert Isaacson has managed to discover the secret of turning one challenge into many achievements.

1.Rupert Isaacson went back to Africa because 　　　　. 

A. he was born in Africa

B.he loves the horses there

C.he enjoys the African countryside

D.his parents’ description of Africa impressedhim

2.What might play the most important part in Rowan’s healing?

A.Staying with horses.

B.Travelling to Africa.

C.Rupert’s work as a reporter.

D.The documentary Endangerous.

3.How many documentaries has Rupert produced in the passage?

A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.

4.What does the passage mainly talk about?

A.Rupert Isaacson and his son.

B.The Bushmen of the Kalahari Desert.

C.Rupert Isaacson’s greatest challenge.

D.Rupert Isaacson and his achievements.

B

As the climate warms, birds are shrinking(缩小) and their wingspans (翼展)are growing, according to a new study. Researchers analyzed 70,716 birds from 52 kinds of North American migratory(迁徙的)bird species collected over 40 years. The authors say the study is the largest of its kind and that the findings are important to understanding how animals will adapt to climate change.

“We found almost all of the species were getting smaller,” said lead author Brian Weeks, an assistant professor at the University of Michigan. “The species were pretty diverse, but they responded in a similar way,” he said. “The consistency(一致性)was shocking.” He said the study of animal responses to climate change often focused on shifts in the geographical range or timing of life events, like migration and birth. But this study suggests body morphology(形态)is a crucial third aspect.

“That’s one major implication,” he said. “It’s hard to understand how birds will adapt without taking all three of these things into consideration.”

The findings showed that from 1978 to 2016, the length of the birds’ lower leg bone shortened by 2.4%. Over the same time, the wings lengthened by 1.3%.

The evidence suggests warming temperatures caused the decrease in body size, which in turn caused the increase in wing length.

“Migration is an incredibly taxing thing they do,” Mr. Weeks said, explaining that the smaller body size means less energy available for the birds to complete their long journeys. He said the birds most likely to survive migration were the ones with longer wingspans and smaller bodies.

The scientists aren’t exactly sure why warmer temperatures cause birds to shrink. One theory is that smaller animals are better at cooling off, losing body heat more quickly.

5.What’s the best title for the text?

A.All of the Birds Are Getting Smaller

B.Animals Are Adapting to Climate Change

C.Climate Change Is Causing Birds to Shrink

D.Scientists Are Finding Causes of the Warming Climate

6.What made Brian Weeks feel astonished?

A.It took 40 years to collect 70,716 birds from North America.

B.Many birds are shrinking when responding to climate change.

C.All migratory bird species were collected to do the important research.

D.So many researchers take part in the largest study to work out the findings.

7.What does the underlined word “taxing” in Paragraph 6 most probably mean?

A.Tiring. B.Important.

C.Easy. D.Pleasant.

8.What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A.The migratory birds aren’t big.

B.The temperatures will be higher.

C.The scientists will go on further study.

D.The smaller animals will surely live longer.

Ⅲ.七选五

It would be easy to think that since house plants live inside, they don’t really experience seasons as their outdoor relatives do.

It’s true that they can survive inside. 　1　 They do and they’d appreciate a few seasonal changes. Here is how to keep your plants happy as the summer goes away and cooler days come along. 

If you’ve given your house plants outside time in summer, bring them in before temperatures reach a low of 55 degrees Fahrenheit. Otherwise, they will be destroyed and can’t recover. 　2　 For example, clear the dead leaves, which can attract pests. In this way, you won’t bring in whatever may be harmful to your indoor environment. 

　3　 The fall is the perfect time to leach out (滤掉) any salt by letting the water run freely out of the bottom of the pot. The water will also clean off any dust that collects on the leaves. 

Give them a trim (修剪). Remove any dead or dying leaves: cut the leaves that are brown or yellow at the base. For brown or yellowing tips, you can just cut off the unhealthy leaves. 　4　 

Be mindful of extreme temperatures. Being extremely hot or cold can stress plants out.　5　 Make sure they aren’t on the top of radiators (散热器) or by heaters; likewise, make sure they’re far from doors that are open to the outside. 

A.Be careful with watering them.

B.Give them a good shower.

C.Note when you bring house plants outside.

D.But you have to give them a thorough check.

E.So be careful about where your plants are living.

F.However, this doesn’t mean that they don’t know what’s going on.

G.But please remember not to remove more than 20% of the entire plant.

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

答案

能力提升练

Ⅰ.1.advantages　考查名词的数。“one of the+复数名词”是固定用法,意为“……之一”。

2.where　考查定语从句。分析句式可知,本句的主干是“Yellowstone National Park is the world’s first national park.”,　2　 I like to take photos是定语从句,修饰Yellowstone National Park,Yellowstone National Park表示地点,引导词在从句中作地点状语,故填where。句意:我喜欢拍照的黄石国家公园是世界上的第一个国家公园。  

3.various　考查形容词。wild animals是名词短语,应用形容词修饰。此处表示“各种各样的”,故填various。

4.but　考查连词。设空处前后为两个完整的句子,故此处应用连词连接。上文的“重达300公斤”和下文的“每小时约64公里的速度”是转折关系,应用but来连接。

5.swimming　考查非谓语动词。be good at擅长……,at是介词,其后应用动名词作宾语。

6.walked　考查时态。此处是谓语动词,由时间状语Last spring可知,应用一般过去时,故填walked。

7.Suddenly　考查副词。设空处位于句首,有逗号与后面的内容隔开,且提示词为形容词,故推测此处用副词作句子的状语,注意首字母大写。故填Suddenly。

8.to take　考查非谓语动词。force sb. to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“强迫某人做某事”,其中不定式作宾补。

9.from　考查介词。recover from是固定搭配,意为“从……中恢复”。

10.reminder　考查名词。根据空前的介词as和不定冠词a可知,此处应用名词。这里表示“我把这张照片看作是对所有动物表示尊重的提醒”,表示“提醒人的事物”应用reminder。

Ⅱ.                                    A

1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中“He grew up hearing so many amazing memories of Africa from his parents. As a result,he went there”可知,Rupert Isaacson回到非洲是因为父母对非洲的描述让他印象深刻。

2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Rupert discovered that concentrating on riding horses was helping Rowan.”和第四段第一句中“working with horses has helped Rowan a lot”可知,和马在一起对Rowan帮助很大。

3.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Rupert has written about this journey...and he has produced a documentary of the same name.”和第四段中的“Rupert has also produced the documentary Endangerous”可知,Rupert制作了两部纪录片,一部名为The Horse Boy,另一部名为Endangerous。故选A。

4.D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,Rupert因为儿子的缘故,在得克萨斯州的农场上建立了The Horse Boy Foundation,另外他还写了书并制作了纪录片。由此可知,这篇文章主要讲了Rupert Isaacson及其成就。

B

5.C　主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“一项新的研究显示,随着气候变暖,鸟类在缩小,翼展在增长。”和最后一段第一句“科学家们还不完全清楚为什么温度升高会导致鸟类缩小。”可知,本文主要介绍了随着气候变暖,鸟的体型在缩小,翅膀在增长,原因未知。因此本文最好的题目是C项“气候变化正导致鸟类缩小”。

6.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中“We found almost...at the University of Michigan.(作为主要作者的密歇根大学助理教授Brian Weeks说:‘我们发现几乎所有的物种都在变得更小。’)”和“The species were pretty diverse...was shocking.(他说:‘这些物种非常多样化,但它们的反应是相似的。这种一致性令人震惊。’)”可知,Brian Weeks认为许多鸟类在应对气候变化时都在缩小是令人震惊的,故选B项。

7.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后文中“the smaller body size means less energy available for the birds to complete their long journeys”可知,画线词所在部分语境为:迁徙是它们做的一件非常疲劳的事情,故画线词taxing意为“疲劳的”。tiring使人疲劳的;important重要的;easy轻松的;pleasant令人愉快的。故选A项。

8.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The scientists aren’t exactly sure why warmer temperatures cause birds to shrink.(科学家们还不完全确定为什么温度升高会导致鸟类缩小。)”可知,科学家还不知道气温升高导致鸟类缩小的原因。由此可推断出,科学家们将继续深入研究,故选C项。

Ⅲ.

1.F　过渡句。上下文构成的语境为:植物可以在室内生存→　1　 →它们确实知道,并且它们很喜欢季节的更替。设空处承上启下,F项“然而,这并不意味着它们不知道发生了什么。”符合语境。该项中的However与上文构成转折关系。 

2.D　细节句。根据下文“For example, clear the dead leaves, which can attract pests.”可知,设空处引出下文,D项“但是你得给它们彻底检查一下。”符合语境。

3.B　主旨句。此空是段首句,为该段的主旨句。空后内容提到秋天是滤掉植物盐分的最好时机,水也可以清除叶子上聚积的灰尘。由此可知,B项“给它们好好冲个澡。”是该段的主旨句,下文是解释说明。

4.G　细节句。本段讲述要对植物进行修剪,并说明了修剪方法。设空处承接上文,G项“但请记住不要移除超过整株植物的20%。”符合文意。

5.E　细节句。设空处前一句提到温度过高或过低都会使植物疲惫不堪,此处承接上文,E项“所以要注意你的植物生长的地方。”符合语境。E项中的So与上文构成因果关系。