中考词法之名词 课件 中考英语复习人教版

这是一份中考词法之名词 课件 中考英语复习人教版，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了目　录，名 词，名 词，a little，water ，I have，little，a few， few， little等内容，欢迎下载使用。
表示人、物、地点等具体的名称（如学校、大街） 表示抽象概念的名称（如健康、兴趣）
表示现象 (sunshine)
表示抽象概念 (anger)
表示事物(camera)
名词是各省市考试题中重要的考点之一。多数省市的中考“单项选择”题中通常含考查名词的考题。有关名词的考点主要是名词单复数形式变化；所有格的用法；可数名词与不可数名词的辨析；不可数名词的计量；名词与其他词类的习惯搭配以及在特定语境中名词的用法辨析等。由于名词在英语中的重要地位，今后的中考试题中对“名词”的测试会保持一定的稳定性。考试题型通常是单选题，完形填空，单词拼写居多
分类1 分为专有名词和普通名词。 专有名词是具体的人和事物等特有名称。专有名词的第一个字母要大写，人名、地名、公共节日及月份、周日的名称等等都是属于专有名词。 如：Ya Ming姚明；China中国；Christmas; February；Sunday 等。
分类2分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词可以直接计数，如 apple; bk 不可数名词不能直接计数，如 water; beef
同类名词词义辨析在中考中主要集中在词汇型完形填空中考查，所给选项的词汇均为同一话题类别。其主要涉及对地点建筑类、饮食类、时间类、职业类、称谓类、动物类等名词的考查。
（ ）1.（2020河北）In a restaurant， peple usually chse fd and drink frm the D.magazine（ ）2.（2020温州）Lucy's father wrks in N.1 Hspital.He is a D.pliceman
（ ）3.（2019河北）I like this sng.It’s by ne f my D.writers（ ）4.（2019武汉）—Dad，what is the ludspeaker saying？—It is t the .The flight t Wuhan is barding B.passengers C.members D.turists
不同类名词词义辨析的特点是所给选项的词汇为不同的话题类别。做这类试题，考生首先应分析各个选项的含义，然后结合句意及语境，找出关键词，最终选出正确答案。
2.不同类名词词义辨析
（ ）1.（2018河北）Did yu hear the ________? A scientist will visit ur schl. A. advice B. news C. praise D. chice （ ）2.（2020重庆B卷）I dn't knw hw t make a speech in public.Can yu give me sme ？A.water B.mney C.fd D.advice
（ ）3.（2020襄阳）—What's yur brther's ？— It's abut 1.75 meters.He's the tallest in his D.height（ ）4.（2020江西）When yu g rck climbing， yu need t be careful s that yu dn't have a（n） D.actin
1．可数名词的计量 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 单数可数名词前可以用a;an;ne修饰,表示“一个”。如：a ruler; an apple; ne ball 注意：a 用于以辅音音素(指音标)开头的单数名词前； an用于以元音音素(指音标)开头的单数名词前。如：a stry, an interesting stry a red apple; an apple a useful bk; an unhappy by
1. 可数名词的单数形式一般不能单独使用 可数名词的单数形式一般要在名词前加 “a \an或the”等词。例题1：( ) A/An _________ can use his drawings t tell abut beautiful muntains, the blue sea and many ther things.A. actr B. scientist C. artist D. dctr 例题2：( )【2017南京】 —I g swimming every day.—Ww! That’s a gd . It keeps yu healthy.A. match B. task C. habit D. dream
1. 一般情况，在词尾加­s： desk → desks pen → pens rm → rms
2. 以s，x，ch，sh，结尾的词在词尾加­es bx → bxes bus → buses watch→ watches dish → dishes
3.以 辅音字母＋y结尾的词先变y为i，再加­es stry → stries family → families
以f或fe结尾的词先变f或fe为ve，再加­s knife → knives leaf → leaves
以结尾的名词在词尾s/­esptat→ ptates tmat → tmatesher → heres pht → phts
childrenmice
ChineseJapanese
EnglishmenFrenchmen
GermansAmericans
a by student
tw by students
three men dctrs
当前面的名词作为后面名词的定语时，只将后面的单数变为复数。
以man, wman作定语修饰的复合名词，变复数时，前后都变
1.Fr breakfast, Tina wuld like sme milk and (蛋糕) shuld brush ur after getting up every mrning. A.tth B. tths C.tthes D. teeth3._Hey, bys. Lk at the fallen（落下来的） . _Well, it’s telling us that autumn is cming. A. leaf B. leafs C.leafes D. leaves4.I’d like sme and . A. banana; tmat B bananas; tmats C. bananas; tmates D. banana; tmates 5.Many freigners came t ur schl last week, including three and fur . A. Japanese; German B Japaneses; Germans C. Japanese; Germans D. Japaneses; German
characters
不可数名词前加量词，量词可数
可数名词和不可数名词的修饰词
many/t many
much/t much
a number f
a lt f ,lts f, plenty f,sme ,tns f
1. a little:“一点点，一些”，接不可数名词（表肯定含义）
There is in the glass .
I’m thirsty, but there is water.
I want t buy sme juice, but I have mney.
2. little:“几乎没有”，接不可数名词（表否定含义）
range juice
There is tea in the glass C.
There is a little range juice in the glass A.
There is a little cffee in the glass B.
a little “一点点，一些”后接不可数名词（肯定含义）。little“几乎没有”后接不可数名词（否定含义）
1.There is _____ milk in the bttle. I will buy has ______mney and he can buy sme things he wants. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few
There are a few ranges in the basket.
There are a few ntebks n the shelf.
3. a few“一些,几个”，后接可名复（表肯定含义）
Tm gt many stickers , but Jenny gt stickers .
4.few“几乎没有”，后接可名复（表否定含义）
1.He has _______friends s he feels has _______friends and he ften play with them.A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
Practice大显身手
1. Please give me ______ paper.  A. ne B. a pieces C. a pieceD. a piece f2. This table is made f_______. A. many glass B. sme glasses C. glasses D. glass3. —What can I d fr yu, sir?—I'd like tw_________. A.bttle f milk B.bttles f milks C.bttles f milk D.bttle f milks4. We can d the wrk better with______mney and ________ peple. A. less, fewer B. fewer, less C. little, little D. few, few
表示名词间的所有关系“ …的”一.名词’s所有格的构成方法1.一般情况下，在有生命的名词后加“’s” *Kangkang’s father , Lucy’s bk2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“ ’”. *Teachers’ ffice The Greens’ huse3.不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“’s” * Children’ s Day * men’ s shes
4.如果事物为 2人或2人以上共同所有，在最后一个名词后加-’s; *Lucy and Lily’s parents5.如果事物不是 2人或2人共同所有，而是分别有的,则在2个名词后都加-’s *Lucy and Lily’s schlbags
1. June 1st is ____Day. All the Children enjy it very much. A. Children B. Childrens’ C. Children’s D. Child2. The tw bedrm are the ____. A. twins B. twin’s C .twins’ D. twins3. Lucy is ____ sister.A. Mary and Jack B. Mary’s and Jack’s C. Mary and Jacks D. Mary and Jack’s4. It’s ____frm ur schl t my hme. A. ten minutes’ walk B.ten minute’s walk C. ten minute walk D. ten minutes walk
房间的窗户 the windw____the rm 门的钥匙 the key______the dr
A f the B： “B 的A”
f +名词’s 或f+名词性物主代词。如：A bk f my daughter’s我女儿的一本书我其中的一个朋友One f my friendsA friend f mine
gvernment's
1：He is a friend f my _________(brther ) . Is she a daughter f __________(yu)?2：( )【2017甘肃白银】Mr. Black is a teacher f______. She and her classmates like him very much. A. my sister B. my sister’s C. my sisters D. my sisters’3：( )【2017长沙】—Is the schlbag under the desk yurs? —N, it’s my ______. He left it there just nw. A.brther B. brther’s C. brthers’【注】有时两种所有格均可使用，但所表达的意义不同This is a pht f my mther’s. 这是我母亲收藏的一张照片。This is a pht f my mther. 这是一张我母亲的照片。
1. (2019临沂)In America, 95% f pet wners think f their animals as family___________(member)．2. (2019宿迁)It is reprted that the number f wrking ________ (wife) is becming larger and larger.3. (2019淮安)Andrew ften des DIY with different ________(knife) in his free time.4. (2019武汉改编)Our hmetwn has left many sft and sweet ________ (memry)in ur heart.5. (2019武汉改编)They are seen as bright symbls f happiness and gd ________(wish)．
4.(2020·江苏苏州)These a　　　　 (艺术家) design wn an internatinal award.
5.My dream is t be a famus dctr and save p　　　　　(病人) lives.