2023年高考英语一轮复习Unit4NaturalDisasters长难句分析课件新人教版必修第一册

这是一份2023年高考英语一轮复习Unit4NaturalDisasters长难句分析课件新人教版必修第一册，共26页。PPT课件主要包含了长难句理解，定语从句，现在分词做后置定语，表主动且进行，仅表主动，现在分词做伴随状语，现在分词作伴随状语，理解技巧，无灵主语，暗喻的修辞手法等内容，欢迎下载使用。

There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。
At least ne well had sme smelly gas cming ut f it.
至少有一口水井的裂缝冒出臭气。
现在分词短语作后置定语
被修饰的名词与作定语的动词为主动关系，表示该动作正在进行或与主句动作同时发生，或是经常发生的行为时，用现在分词做定语。例如：The girl standing there is my sister. The peple waiting fr the bus are talking with each ther. 注意：分词短语作后置定语时可以改写成定语从句。The girl wh is standing there is my sisterThe peple wh are waiting fr the bus are talking with each ther.
（一）表示心理或情感的动词 表示心理的动词有：Think , knw, understand, frget, remember, believe,want,wish, desire,hpe, need, mean,please,need, prefer, mind, agree, care等。表示情感的动词有：lve(爱)，adre(崇敬)，like(喜欢)，prefer(宁愿)，mind(介意)，bject(反对)，dislike(不喜欢)，hate(恨)，abhr(憎恶)，detest(痛恨)等。
（二）表示事物状态(存在、似乎是、适合、依赖、值得、拥有等）表示事物存在、适合，依赖或值得的动词，如be, seem, appear, suit, fit, lie in, belng t, depend, deserve表示事物拥有的动词，如have(具有)，pssess(所有)，wn(拥有)，hld(包含；装有)，cntain(容纳；含有), cnsist f, include, lack, measure (= have length etc.) weigh (= have weight)。
（三）表示短暂性动作的词常见的短暂性动词有：accept, arrive, finish, decide, end, fall, give, receive, refuse, hurt。它们的发生与结束几近同时，所以不适合用“现在进行时”。误：When he came in, I was receiving his letter. 正：When he came in, I just received his letter.
（四）感官动词人通常有五种感官，即see(视觉)，hear(听觉)，smell(嗅觉)，taste(味觉), feel(触觉)这些表示感官、感觉的动词，以及其近义词如ntice, bserve等不用于进行时态。误：The medicine is tasting bitter.正：The medicine tastes bitter.误：I was seeing a car passing by ur huse.正：I saw a car passing by ur huse.
Mice ran ut f the fields lking fr places t hide，and fish jumped ut f the water.
老鼠跑到田外，寻找藏身之所，鱼儿也跳出水面。
理解“伴随状语”的关键是要理解“伴随”二字。分词(短语)用作伴随状语时，它表示的动作伴随句子谓语动作同时发生，即句子谓语所表示的动作为主要动作，分词短语所表示的动作伴随性的次要动作。英语中“动词+ing”形式作伴随状语时，它表示的是一个次要的动作，来对谓语表示的动作加以说明或作为陪衬。一般将其置于句后,可用逗号与主句成分分开。
The by sat in frnt f the farmhuse, cutting the branch.All night lng he lay awake, thinking f the prblem.The six blind men std there begging fr a meal.He sat in the armchair, reading a newspaper.They std there fr half an hur watching the stars in the sky.He sat in the chair reading a newspaper. Dn't yu sit there ding nthing.
At abut 3：00 a.m., n 28 July 1976，bright lights were seen in the sky utside the city f Tangshan and lud nises were heard.
1976年7月28日凌晨3: 00左右，唐山城外的天空中出现了耀眼亮光，接着又传来巨大的声响。
（一）概念无灵主语（inanimate subject），又叫做物称主语，指的是使用没有生命的事物充当句子的主语成分，例如物品、动作、情感、时间、地点等，这与中文表达中习惯“以人为本”的特点，即常常会把人这个行为主体作为句子主语的情况大相径庭，体现了英语语言所强调的客体思维。
二、无灵主语的种类（一）主语是情感状态的抽象名词谓语选择如：creep, strike, seize, dawn, catch, wrm int, grip, enter, register, vercme, take pssessin f, surrund, give way t, desert, pass, tear 等词。1. Fear gripped the village. 整个村庄笼罩在恐怖之中。 2. Curage deserted him. 他没有了勇气。 3. His presence f mind deserted him. 他失去了沉着。 4. The earthquake struck the village tw minutes ag.
二、无灵主语的种类（二）主语是具有动词意味的名词，谓语选择如 fill, give, make 等词汇。 1. The sight f the deslatin filled me with frlrnness.看到这孤寂的景象，我心中满是凄凉。 2. The sight f his father-in-law made Fanjin afraid that he was in fr anther cursing. 见丈人在眼前，恐怕又要挨骂。 3. Only the thught f his mther gave him the strength t g n ding it.只有想到母亲，他才有力量继续工作。
二、无灵主语的种类（三）谓语动词如：slip, lend, elude, escape, stump 等词汇1. His name escaped/ evaded/ failed me at the mment.当时我没有记起他的名字。 2. The questin eludes/stumps me. 这个问题把我难住了。 3. The mistake slips my attentin. 我没有注意到这一错误。 4. His hint escaped me. 我没有注意到他的暗示。 5. The sentence eludes me. 我理解不了这个句子。
二、无灵主语的种类（四）谓语动词如：deny, ask, admit, allw, fail, pass 等词 1. The scenery baffles/denies descriptin. 风景美得难以描述。 2. Such a chance denied me. 我没有得到这样一个机会。 3. The matter asks immediate attentin. 这件事需要立即处理。 4. The exigencies f the matter admitted n alternative. 此事紧急，别无他法。 5. Reprach spared him nt, even in his grave.即便是在他死后，人们也一直在谴责他。 6. Time fails me t finish the tpic.
It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end!
仿佛世界末日即将来临！
1、在lk, seem等系动词后引导表语从句eg: He lks as if he were ten years yunger. （虚拟语气） It seems as if ur team is ging t win.（陈述语气）2、引导方式状语从句eg: She lves the by as if she were his mther. （虚拟语气） The child talked t us as if he were a grw-up. （虚拟语气）（注意：虚拟语气中只有were，不用was。）
一、as if 在从句中的作用
如果as if引导的从句是“主语+系动词”结构，且从句的主语与主句的主语一致，可以省略主语和系动词，这样as if 后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词（短语）、介词短语或分词。eg: He acts as if (he was) an ld hand. 他做事像个老手。 Tm raised his hands as if (he was ging) t say smething. Tm举起手好像要说什么。 She left the rm hurriedly as if (she was) sad. 她匆忙离开房间好像难过的样子。
二、as if 用于省略句中
1、as if 从句用于陈述语气　　当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。eg: It lks as if we'll be late. This meat tastes as if it has already gne bad. It sunds as if it is raining. He talks as if he is drunk.
三、as if 从句的语气及时态
2、as if 从句用于虚拟语气　　当说话人认为句子所述的不真实或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下：（1）如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去式。eg: Yu lk as if yu didn’t like this villa. 你看起来好像不喜欢这个别墅似的。 He talks as if he knew everything arund the wrld. 他说话的样子，好像他什么都知道似的。
2、as if 从句用于虚拟语气　　当说话人认为句子所述的不真实或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下：（2）如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had+过去分词”。eg: He talks abut France as if he had been there befre. The girl listened t me as if she had been turned t stne. 那个女孩倾听着，一动也不动，好像已经变成了石头似的。