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高中英语必修一 北京市海淀区2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
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这是一份高中英语必修一 北京市海淀区2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题，共18页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
海淀区高一年级第一学期期末调研
英语试题
考生须知：
1. 本试卷共8页，共四大部分，65道小题，满分100分，考试时间90分钟。
2. 在试卷和答题卡上准确填涂学校名称、班级、姓名和准考证号。
3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
4. 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
5. 考试结束，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力理解（共三节，20分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。
1. What will the man do this Spring Festival?
A. Travel abroad. B. Go to his hometown. C. Go to Disneyland.
2. What’s the weather like in the evening?
A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Windy.
3. What are the two speakers talking about?
A. A film. B. A country. C. A book.
4. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the market. B. In the restaurant. C. In the kitchen.
5. Which subject does the man want to choose?
A. History. B. Physics. C. Chemistry.
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
听下面4段对话。每段对话后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Whose birthday party are they preparing for?
A Mom’s. B. Dad’s. C. Kate’s.
7. What will they decorate the room with?
A. Balloons. B. Flowers. D. Photos.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What did the man do yesterday evening?
A. He played football. B. He watched a movie. C. He watched a volleyball game.
9. When did the game start?
A. At 7:00. B. At 7:30. C. At 8:00.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the man want to buy?
A. A cell phone. B. A car. C. A computer.
11. What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. Pick one and buy it. B. Compare prices carefully. C. Watch more advertisements.
12. What will the man do next?
A. Give up on it. B. Follow the woman’s advice. C. Do more research.
听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。
13. How does the man look?
A. Fat. B. Energetic. C. Well.
14. How does the man go to work every day now?
A. By bike. B. By car. C. On foot.
15. What is the woman’s suggestion for the man?
A. Having a good sleep at night.
B. Dealing with more paperwork.
C. Joining a fitness center nearby.
第三节（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）
听下面一段独白，完成第16至20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。
Erhu
What it is
● It is a musical instrument which comes from the 16 of China.
● It is also 17 the “Chinese violin”.
How to make it
● First, glue the snakeskin around the 18 box.
● Then, put all the pieces together.
How to play it
● Sit down and put the erhu on your leg.
● There are many ways to play it, either slow and 19 , or fast and joyful.
● Playing the erhu needs a lot of 20 .
第二部分：知识运用（共三节，33分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
At the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, a group of teenagers ____1____ (sing) the classic song, Me and My Motherland as they walked past the Golden Water Bridge in Tian’anmen Square. Then the singers ____2____ (join) by thousands of people. It might have been the biggest crowed ever to form in such a short period and the scene was very ____3____ (touch). Many viewers couldn’t help shedding tears and waving flags to express their love to the nation.
【答案】1. sang/were singing
2. were joined
3. touching
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，描述了在庆祝祖国70华诞之时，天安门广场上数万人合唱《我和我的祖国》的感人场面。
【1题详解】
考查时态。句意：在庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年之际，一群青少年在走过天安门广场的金水桥时，唱起了《我和我的祖国》这首经典歌曲。陈述的是过去的事情，应该用一般过去时，也可用过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作，主语是teenagers，谓语动词用复数，故填sang/were singing。
【2题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：然后，成千上万的人和他们一起唱了起来。singers 与join之间是被动关系，陈述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是singers，谓语动词用复数，故填were joined。
【3题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在这么短的时间内集结这么多人合唱一首歌，场面非常感人。此处缺少形容词作表语，修饰物用ing结尾的形容词，表示“令人……的”，故填touching。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
One morning I went fishing in a river ____4____ suddenly there came a cry: “Help!” I looked around and saw a boy struggling in the river. Throwing the fishing pole, I jumped into the river and swam ____5____ (quick) towards the boy. Then I took the boy to a nearby hospital. After the boy was saved, his mother gave me a thousand thanks. Back to my fishing place, I found my fishing pole floating on the water. ____6____ my surprise, there was a big fish on the hook.
【答案】4. when/and
5. quickly 6. To
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一天早上，我在河边钓鱼的时候发现一个小男孩落水了，于是我放下鱼竿马上去救他，回来后发现钩上竟然有一条大鱼。
【4题详解】
考查连词。句意：一天早上，我在河边钓鱼，突然传来一声大喊：救命！分析句子结构可知此处缺少连词，根据句意可知，此处既可用when表示“这时、突然”，也可用and表示顺承，故填when/and。
【5题详解】
考查副词。句意：我扔下鱼竿，跳进河里，迅速向男孩游去。修饰动词swam用副词，故填quickly。
【6题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：令我惊讶的是，钩上有一条大鱼。to one’s surprise表示“令某人惊讶的是”，故填To。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
School uniforms should be required for all students for some important reasons. Firstly, wearing uniforms makes everyone feel equal. It makes students ____7____ come from poor families feel the same. In addition, getting ready for school every morning can be much faster and easier. Many kids waste time choosing what ____8____ (wear) to school. Most importantly, some ____9____ (study) show that school uniforms make students perform better in school. Some people might say that uniforms take away personal freedom, but students still have many other ways to express ____10____ (they).
【答案】7. who/that
8. to wear 9. studies
10. themselves
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学生穿校服的好处。
【7题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这让来自贫困家庭的学生感觉和别人是一样的。此处为定语从句，关系词指代先行词students，并在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
【8题详解】
考查不定式。句意：许多孩子在选择穿什么去上学上浪费很多时间。分析句子结构并结合句意可知此处用“疑问词+不定式”结构作choosing的宾语，故填to wear。
【9题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：最重要的是，一些研究表明校服能让学生在学校表现更好。study作“研究”讲时是可数名词，some修饰可数名词复数，故填studies。
【10题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：有些人可能会说校服剥夺了个人自由，但是学生们仍然有很多其他的方式来表达他们自己。根据句意可知此处表示“他们自己”，故填themselves。
第二节 选词填空（共6小题；每小题1分，共6分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从方框中选择恰当的词填空，其中有两项为多余选项。
Spring Festival is highly valued by every Chinese family. Preparations begin a week before the festival. First, the house is ____11____ from top to bottom. People say it is to sweep away the dirt of the past year and get ready for the new year.
Next, the Chinese ____12____ Fu is attached upside down to the front door. It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.
The greatest excitement begins the night before Spring Festival. Fireworks are let off ____13____ the city, suddenly lighting up the night sky. Children will ____14____ their ears but with an expectant look on their faces. It is ____15____ to scare away the monster Nian. Then people sit together to enjoy Jiaozi. They are a sign of our wishes for ____16____ and happiness in the coming year.
This is Spring Festival—the joy of a family gathering.
【答案】11. cleaned
12. character
13. across 14. cover
15. believed
16. health
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国的传统节日——春节。
【11题详解】
考查动词。句意：首先，房子要彻底打扫干净。此处缺少动词作谓语，根据“from top to bottom”可知此处表示“打扫”，the house与clean之间是被动关系，此处用被动语态，故填cleaned。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：接下来，汉字“福”倒贴在前门上。此处用名词作主语，根据“Fu”可知此处表示“汉字”，故填character。
【13题详解】
考查介词。句意：烟花在城市上空绽放，瞬间照亮了夜空。分析句子结构可知此处需要填介词，强调城市上空烟花四起，此处表示“遍及”，故填across。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：孩子们会捂住耳朵，脸上却带着期待的表情。此处缺少动词作谓语，根据“their ears”可知此处表示“捂住”，will后用动词原形，故填cover。
【15题详解】
考查动词。句意：人们相信它可以吓跑怪兽“年”。it is believed that…表示“人们相信/认为”，故填believed。
【16题详解】
考查名词。句意：它们是我们在新的一年里希望健康和幸福的象征。作介词for的宾语用名词，根据“happiness”可知此处表示“健康”，故填health。
第三节 完形填空（共12小题；每小题1分，共12分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Table Talk
As we got out of the car, our son announced, “Phones stay in the car.”
“Why do you always have to tell us that?” complained our fifteen-year-old grandson.
Our son’s wife winked at us and then explained, “We have a family ____17____ that no one may bring anything electronic to the table.”
We ____18____ our phones in the car. Even though the restaurant was filled with families, there was little noise. All I heard were a few quiet conversations and the ding of forks on plates. The ____19____ unnerved me. I looked around. Everyone, even the young kids, was ____20____ at some kind of screen.
The silence was broken ____21____ the six of us sat down, and started talking. The waitress stood patiently and waited for our orders. When our food came, we continued to chat.
An elderly couple at the next table were finishing their dinners and conversing quietly. I noticed that they shot us a few glances, and ____22____ if our constant chatter was annoying them.
After the dessert, my son signaled the waitress for the check. She hesitated when she brought the black folder to our table. My son opened the black folder—it was ____23____. “You forgot the check,” he told her.
“There isn’t one. Someone else ____24____ your bill—and the tip too.” she said with a giggle (咯咯笑).
“Why?” asked our son, his wife and myself at once.
“They loved it that no one was connected” she continued. “They loved watching you guys ____25____. The old lady went on and on about how nice it was to see a family eating and talking instead of looking at ‘electric games’.”
For a moment, everyone at our table was at a loss for _____26_____. Then we all started talking at once. My son’s voice rose above the others. “Where are they? We want to thank them.”
“They left after you ordered dessert,” the waitress replied.
We spent the next fifteen minutes discussing this goodness and camp up with a _____27_____. Next time we see a family eating at a restaurant _____28_____ looking at anything electronic, we’ll pay it forward, just like what happened to us.
17. A. rule B. appointment C. discussion D. goal
18. A. closed B. returned C. sent D. locked
19. A. sweetness B. quietness C. patience D. preference
20. A. smiling B. knocking C. staring D. pointing
21. A. though B. before C. when D. until
22. A. realized B. wondered C. asked D. hesitated
23. A. special B. strange C. typical D. empty
24. A. paid B. served C. managed D. changed
25. A. eat B. talk C. argue D. work
26. A. directions B. choices C. words D. ideas
27. A. schedule B. message C. task D. plan
28. A. without B. by C. through D. for
【答案】17. A 18. D 19. B 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在餐馆吃饭时，一对老夫妇看到我们一家人吃饭聊天而不是看电子设备，因而替我们结了账，我们准备把这种做法延续下去，下次看到一家人在餐馆吃饭而不看任何电子设备时，我们也会替他们结账。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：儿媳妇向我们眨了眨眼，然后解释说：“我们有一条家庭规定，任何人不得带任何电子设备上桌”。A. rule规则；B. appointment约定；C. discussion讨论；D. goal目标。根据空后的“that no one may bring anything electronic to the table.”可知，任何人不得带任何电子产品上桌是我们家的一条家规，故A项正确。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们把手机锁在车里了。A. closed关闭；B. returned返回；C. sent发送；D. locked锁上。根据上文中的“Phones stay in the car.”可知，我们把手机锁在车里了，故D项正确。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种安静使我不安。A. sweetness甜蜜；B. quietness安静、宁静；C. patience耐性；D. preference偏爱。空前说尽管餐馆里有很多家庭在聚餐，但几乎没有什么噪音，我只听到一些安静的谈话和盘子上叉子的叮当声，但是这种安静让我感到不安，故B项正确。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人，甚至是小孩子，都盯着屏幕看。A. smiling微笑；B. knocking敲；C. staring紧盯；D. pointing指。根据空后的“at some kind of screen”可知，每个人都盯着屏幕看，故C项正确。
【21题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我们六个人坐下来开始谈话时，沉默被打破了。A. though尽管；B. before在……之前；C. when当……的时候；D. until直到。根据空后的“the six of us sat down, and started talking.”可知，当我们六个人坐下来开始谈话时，沉默被打破了，故C项正确。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我注意到他们朝我们瞥了几眼，我在想是不是我们的谈话让他们不悦。A. realized意识到；B. wondered想知道；C. asked问；D. hesitated犹豫。空前说邻桌的一对老夫妇吃完晚饭，正在安静地交谈，我注意到他们朝我们瞥了几眼，因此我在想是不是我们的谈话让他们不悦，故B项正确。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我儿子打开黑色的结账夹，里面是空的。A. special特别的；B. strange奇怪的；C. typical典型的；D. empty空的。根据空后的“You forgot the check”可知，结账夹里是空的，没有结账单，故D项正确。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人付了你的账单和小费。A. paid支付；B. served服务；C. managed管理；D. changed改变。上文说我们吃完饭准备结账，但服务员没有拿结账单，原因是有人替我们结过账了，故A项正确。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们喜欢看你们聊天。A. eat吃；B. talk谈话；C. argue争论；D. work工作。空后说那位老太太一直在说，看到一家人吃饭聊天，而不是看电子游戏是多么美好，因此那对老夫妇喜欢看我们一家人吃饭时聊天，故B项正确。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一时间，我们每个人都不知道说什么好，然后我们立刻开始谈论起来。A. directions指示；B. choices选择；C. words话语；D. ideas想法。听到那位老太太那样的评价，一时间，我们每个人都不知道说什么好，故C项正确。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：接下来的十五分钟里，我们讨论了这件好事，并制定了一个计划。A. schedule时间表；B. message信息；C. task任务；D. plan计划。空后说下次我们看到一家人在餐馆吃饭而不看任何电子设备时，我们也会替他们结账，这是我们的计划，故D项正确。
【28题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：下次我们看到一家人在餐馆吃饭而不看任何电子设备时，我们也会做发生在我们身上事情——替他们结账。A. without没有；B. by通过；C. through穿过；D. for为了。根据上文内容可知，我们一家人吃饭时不看任何电子设备，正是因为这个原因，一对老夫妇为我们结了账，所以下次我们看到一家人在餐馆吃饭而不看任何电子设备时，我们也会这样做，故A项正确。
【点睛】本篇第3空难度较大，抓住上文的细节描写是关键，根据空前的“Even though the restaurant was filled with families, there was little noise. All I heard were a few quiet conversations and the ding of forks on plates.”可知，尽管餐馆里有很多家庭在聚餐，但几乎没有什么噪音，我只听到一些安静的谈话和盘子上叉子的叮当声，这一细节描写突出餐馆里异乎寻常地安静，正是这种安静让我感到不安，故B项（quietness）正确。
第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，32分）
第一节 阅读选择（共12小题；每题2分，共24分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A vacation often means rest and relaxation, but more and more people are looking at traveling as an opportunity to help others and give back.
Don Germaise is a familiar face to many in Tampa Bay, but this former TV reporter’s life has changed a bit. “In the TV business you see the best and the worst the world has to offer, and at some point, it just occurred to me: I just need to do something to make the world a better place,” he explained.
He now travels the world, volunteering his time to help others. “Here’s the best part about a volunteer vacation. You’re not stuck at a hotel doing tours that everyone else does,” Germaise said. “You’re meeting regular people, living with regular people and helping regular people all over the world.”
Travel Writer Joe Miragliotta says that’s exactly why more people are spending time volunteering on vacation. “Travelers, especially millennials (千禧一代) like myself, are becoming more socially conscious when it comes to choosing where they go,” Miragliotta said. “They want to connect with the communities and causes they really care about.”
He recently took some time out of a trip to San Francisco to help out at a local farm. “Here, volunteers are growing healthy foods for the community, and they give it right back for free; and you know you can tend the vegetable gardens, help clean the orchard—lots of fun activities,” Miragliotta explained.
Volunteering doesn’t take up your entire vacation. You can do it for a few hours or even a few days. It’s all up to you. “With a kid...when you do something as simple as giving him or her a pencil when they never had a pencil for school, the look in their eyes is so unbelievable,” Germaise said. “It’s like they got an iPad for Christmas. It’s the greatest feeling in the world.”
29. What do vacations mean to Don Germaise?
A. Having a rest and relaxing. B. Getting an opportunity to travel.
C. Meeting and helping regular people. D. Reporting on what happens around the world.
30. According to Joe Miragliotta, young people __________.
A. are becoming more socially conscious B. find it fun to help in vegetable gardens
C. enjoy taking care of the children around D. are trying to learn more about other people
31. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. It only takes travelers a few hours to do volunteering.
B. Finding a way to help the people in need is not easy.
C. It is impossible for the kids to get an iPad for Christmas.
D. Making a small difference to people’s life is rewarding.
32. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. Millennials pay more attention to society.
B. Volunteer vacation is becoming a new trend.
C. Two travelers shared their experiences abroad.
D. Volunteers enjoy popularity among local people.
【答案】29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，以Don Germaise为例介绍了在假期做志愿工作正在成为一种新的趋势。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“You’re meeting regular people, living with regular people and helping regular people all over the world.”可知，对Don Germaise来说，假期意味着结识并帮助普通人，故C项正确。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Travelers, especially millennials (千禧一代) like myself, are becoming more socially conscious when it comes to choosing where they go,”可知，乔·米拉格里奥塔认为年轻人越来越有社会意识，故A项正确。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“With a kid...when you do something as simple as giving him or her a pencil when they never had a pencil for school, the look in their eyes is so unbelievable,” Germaise said. “It’s like they got an iPad for Christmas. It’s the greatest feeling in the world.”可知，对于一个孩子，当你做一些简单的事情，比如在他们上学从来没有铅笔的时候给他们一支铅笔，他们眼中的表情是如此难以置信，就像他们圣诞节有一台iPad，这是世界上最伟大的感觉，由此判断出，给人们的生活带来小小的改变是值得的，故D项正确。
【32题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“A vacation often means rest and relaxation, but more and more people are looking at traveling as an opportunity to help others and give back.”及最后一段中的“Volunteering”可知，假期通常意味着休息和放松，但越来越多的人把假期看作是帮助他人和回报他人的机会——他们选择利用假期做志愿工作，因此本文主要介绍的是在假期做志愿工作正在成为一种新的趋势，故B项正确。
【点睛】主旨大意题的难度较大，抓住首尾两段是关键，因为文章主题往往会在首段或末段体现出来，例如本篇第4题，通读全文，特别是根据第一段“A vacation often means rest and relaxation, but more and more people are looking at traveling as an opportunity to help others and give back.”及最后一段中的“Volunteering”可知，假期通常意味着休息和放松，但越来越多的人把假期看作是帮助他人和回报他人的机会——他们选择利用假期做志愿工作，因此本文主要介绍的是在假期做志愿工作正在成为一种新的趋势，故B项正确。
B
Georiga O’Keeffe always thought of herself as an artist. By 1928, the rest of the world did, too. At the age of 41 she was living in New York City and becoming a well-known painter. Still, O’Keeffe wasn’t happy. New York had been a good source of ideas for almost ten years. Now those ideas were drying up. O’Keeffe felt like she needed a change. She had visited New Mexico in 1917 with her sister. The wide open space had thrilled her. “Maybe I should go back,” she thought. In April of 1929, O’Keeffe packed her bags.
The wide open space of New Mexico drew O’Keeffe in. She spent hours just watching the sky change. Because the light was so clear, she felt like she could see for the first time. The beauty of the land renewed her. She couldn’t wait to start painting. Cow and horse skulls and desert flowers filled her canvases (画布). The colors of the desert inspired O’Keeffe. As a result, she made new choices in her artwork. “The color up there is different,” she explained. She loved the dusty blues and greens.
That August, O’Keeffe went home to New York. It was the start of a pattern. Each spring, she traveled to New Mexico to paint. These trips restored her spirit. Then, in the fall, she would return to New York. There, she showed her work. Each time O’Keeffe visited New Mexico, she explored a little more.
The bleached animal bones and skulls that O’Keeffe found excited her because she could see their special beauty. The bones didn’t mean death to O’Keeffe. To her, they showed the lasting beauty of the desert. The landscapes, clear light, and bright colors also spoke to her. She often painted close-ups of the rocks and mountains. Later, she began to travel more in search of new ideas. However, she always came back to New Mexico.
As O’Keeffe grew older, her eyesight began to fail. Still, O’Keeffe wasn’t ready to give up. Her friend Juan Hamilton helped her work with watercolors. He also taught her to sculpt. As a result, she made art into her 90s. When she died at the age of 98, Hamilton sprinkled her ashes over the desert. Her body became part of the land that had touched her art and her life.
33. O’Keeffe was unhappy in New York in 1928 because __________.
A. she was lack of the creative ideas B. she felt disappointed about her job
C. she was not successful as an artist D. she felt bored about life in a big city
34. After her trips to New Mexico, O’Keeffe __________.
A. received great reputation there B. discovered the meaning in her life
C. chose to settle down in that country D. got new thoughts from the scenery
35. What can we know about O’Keeffe from the passage?
A. She was never afraid of failure and death. B. She was devoted and passionate about art.
C. She was patient with the coming chances. D. She was curious about the nature of people.
36. Which of the following could be the best title for this article?
A. Lifestyle in the Desert B. Special Love for Art
C. Inspiration from the Desert D. Modern Women Artists
【答案】33. A 34. D 35. B 36. C
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了画家乔治亚奥基夫每年春天都从纽约出发到新墨西哥州的沙漠里挖掘艺术灵感的故事。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“New York had been a good source of ideas for almost ten years. Now those ideas were drying up.”可知，近十年来，纽约一直是一个很好的创意来源。现在，这些想法正在枯竭，由此可知，1928年，乔治亚奥基夫在纽约生活得并不开心是因为她缺乏创造性的想法，故A项正确。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The beauty of the land renewed her.”及第三段中的“These trips restored her spirit.”可知，新墨西哥州的景色让她精神焕发，给了她新的想法，故D项正确。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As O’Keeffe grew older, her eyesight began to fail. Still, O’Keeffe wasn’t ready to give up. Her friend Juan Hamilton helped her work with watercolors. He also taught her to sculpt. As a result, she made art into her 90s.”可知，随着奥基夫年龄的增长，她的视力开始衰退。不过，奥基夫还不想放弃，她的朋友胡安·汉密尔顿帮助她画水彩，他还教她雕刻，结果，她90多岁时还在从事艺术创作，由此判断出，乔治亚奥基夫对艺术倾注了毕生的热情，故B项正确。
【36题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了乔治亚奥基夫每年春天都从纽约出发到新墨西哥州的沙漠里挖掘艺术灵感的故事，所以“来自沙漠的灵感”为短文最佳标题。故C项正确。
C
“You’ll get square eyes!” my mother used to say as I sat for hour after hour glued to the TV. I ignored her, of course. Past-forward a few decades and now I’m the parent. My 5-year-old lives in a world where screens aren’t fixed pieces of furniture. You can’t even avoid them by going outside. Screens are not only in our pockets; they’re everywhere.
The concerns have grown with the screens. In the past decade, we have heard that they will damage our mental health. Many of us feel more distracted by them, feeling guiltier and more tired as a result.
The apps and websites we can access on our phones have also sparked widespread concern. Big tech companies are also good at making use of our need for social recognition hooking us on likes, retweets and follower counts. Social media has created a culture of mass narcissism (自恋), which has led many to worry about the emotional stresses on teenagers. A quick online search brings up dozens of papers linking screen use or social media with harmful effects on mental health, including depression and suicide.
Such statements are alarming. They are also widely believed, thanks to popular books like iGen by Jean Twenge, which claims that digital technology has ruined a generation. Yet, Amy Orben at the University of Oxford, who studies the impact of digital technology and social media in particular on mental health, holds different views. She claims that the underlying data can be used to tell different stories. She also spotted shortcomings in several large studies that claimed to show correlations (相关性) between the use of devices with screens and depression in users.
Twenge stands by her own finding, pointing in turn to what she considers flaws in Orben’s research methods. For David Max, at Royal College of Child Health in London, the effect of screen time and social media use on mental health remains speculative. “We cannot regard social media overall as good or bad,” says Davie. “We don’t know whether in individual cases social media is not responsible,” he says.
The explosion of mobile phone use has revolutionized our lives. I can download movies, write articles, communicate with my family and broadcast to the world all at the push of a button. Rather than impose constraints (限制), we should take a look at our use of screens and ask how they fit with the activities and lifestyle.
Every new technology with widespread impact has given rise to new fears. So the best bet may simply be to ask yourself what level of screen use makes you and those around you happy and try to stick to it. If you find yourself over addictive, don’t panic—and certainly don’t feel guilty. Nobody knows anything worth getting scared about.
37. According to the passage, people give likes, retweet or count followers to __________.
A. share one’s lifestyles B. show respect for others
C. seek social recognition D. relieve emotional stresses
38. The underlined word “speculative” probably means “__________”.
A. doubtful B. specific
C. important D. abstract
39. What can be learned from the passage?
A. Teenagers are more affected by screen use both physically and mentally.
B. Orben claims it is far too early to blame screen use for ruining a generation.
C. Big tech companies help to produce many research papers on mental health.
D. Twenge mainly introduces the overall benefits of digital technology in her books.
40. The passage is written to __________.
A. encourage readers to reduce the time of screen use
B. share different opinions on the effects of screen use
C. explain why screen use may have negative effects on people
D. relieve people’s concerns and worries about the use of screens
【答案】37. C 38. A 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了牛津大学的艾米•奥本通过研究发现屏幕时间和使用社交媒体对心理健康的影响仍然是不确定的，她认为现在就指责数字技术毁了一代人还为时过早，人们不必为此过分担忧。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Big tech companies are also good at making use of our need for social recognition, hooking us on likes, retweets and follower counts.”可知，大型科技公司也善于利用我们对社会认同的需求，吸引我们点赞、转发和关注，由此可知，我们点赞、转发和关注是为了寻求社会认同，故C项正确。
【38题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后的““We cannot regard social media overall as good or bad,” says Davie. “We don’t know whether in individual cases social media is not responsible,” he says.”可知，戴维斯说：“我们不能把社交媒体的整体状况看作是好是坏，他还说：“我们不知道在个别情况下，社交媒体是否负有责任”，这说明屏幕时间和使用社交媒体对心理健康的影响仍然是不确定的，由此可知画线词词义为“不确定的”，故A项正确。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“They are also widely believed, thanks to popular books like iGen by Jean Twenge, which claims that digital technology has ruined a generation. Yet, Amy Orben at the University of Oxford, who studies the impact of digital technology and social media in particular on mental health, holds different views.”可知，Jean Twenge声称数字技术已经毁掉了一代人，然而，牛津大学的艾米•奥本持有不同的观点，她研究数字技术和社交媒体尤其是对心理健康的影响，由此可知，奥本认为现在就指责屏幕的使用（数字技术）毁了一代人还为时过早，故B项正确。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Every new technology with widespread impact has given rise to new fears. So the best bet may simply be to ask yourself what level of screen use makes you and those around you happy and try to stick to it. If you find yourself over addictive, don’t panic—and certainly don’t feel guilty. Nobody knows anything worth getting scared about.可知，每一项影响广泛的新技术都会引起新的担忧，所以，最好的办法是问问你自己，什么程度的屏幕使用让你和你周围的人高兴，并努力坚持下去。如果你发现自己上瘾过度，没有必要惊慌和内疚，由此判断出，这篇文章的目的是缓解人们对屏幕使用的担忧，故D项正确。
【点睛】词义猜测题的难度较大，画线词后起解释说明或举例说明的句子往往是重要线索，例如本篇第2题，根据画线词后的““We cannot regard social media overall as good or bad,” says Davie. “We don’t know whether in individual cases social media is not responsible,” he says.”可知，戴维斯说：“我们不能把社交媒体的整体状况看作是好是坏，他还说：“我们不知道在个别情况下，社交媒体是否负有责任”，这是对前一句的解释说明，说明屏幕时间和使用社交媒体对心理健康的影响仍然是不确定的，由此可知画线词词义为“不确定的”，故A项正确。
第二节 阅读回答问题（共4小题；每小题2分，共8分）
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Go, commonly known in China as weiqi, is a board game for two players that needs logical (逻辑的) strategies. To win, the player must use black and white playing pieces to surround more field than the other player. The game was invented in China more than 2,500 years ago. It enjoys a wide fan base, mostly in East Asia—but it is becoming more popular in other areas of the world.
Schreiber, vice chair of Berlin Go Association, was introduced to the game 16 years ago, but thought the game rather boring at first. Similarly, Urban, chair of Berlin Go Association, accidentally discovered a book on Go on his mother’s bookshelf when he was 37 years old. “I tried to understand the rules because I love board games and I did not get it,” added Urban. But they both found the game more and more interesting after practice. “It’s like speaking to another but with your hands. You make a very direct message,” explained Schreiber.
Schreiber recommended children learn Go because he believed it could be beneficial for them. “They learn that there is always someone stronger and they learn that it’s okay to lose. They learn how to improve from their mistakes and say tomorrow will be better than today,” he explained.
To the experienced players, Go can be very addictive, as it carries meanings not just in leisure, but also in culture. Many are too quick to judge other people’s cultures. Confucius said, “Tell me, I’ll forget; Show me, I may remember; Involve me, and I will understand.” With Go, people only get stronger if they play against different players. With culture, one need ot go and talk to people, even better if in their language. If you can’t, maybe it’s enough to use the Go board as the language.
As cooperation between China and Germany deepens in many aspects of life, efforts have been made to further popularize Go in Europe. The European. Go Congress has been hosting annual competitions since 1983. Training courses are also offered, and professional players from China are invited to deliver lectures for game loves in Europe.
41 When was Go invented in China?
42. How did Schreiber and Urban feel about Go after practice?
43. Why did Schreiber recommend children learn Go?
44. What has happened as a cooperation between China and Germany deepens?
【答案】41. (Go/It was invented in China ) more than 2,500 years ago.
42. They both found the game more and more interesting (after practice).
43. Because he believed it could be beneficial for them.
44. Efforts have been made to further popularize Go in Europe.
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了围棋的起源以及在欧洲的发展。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The game was invented in China more than 2,500 years ago.”可知，围棋是2500多年前在中国发明的，故答案为：(Go/It was invented in China ) more than 2,500 years ago.
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But they both found the game more and more interesting after practice.”可知，经过练习，他们（施赖伯和厄本）都发现这个游戏越来越有趣，故答案为：They both found the game more and more interesting (after practice).
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Schreiber recommended children learn Go because he believed it could be beneficial for them.”可知，施赖伯建议孩子们学习围棋，因为他认为围棋对他们有好处，故答案为：Because he believed it could be beneficial for them.
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As cooperation between China and Germany deepens in many aspects of life, efforts have been made to further popularize Go in Europe.”可知，随着中德两国在生活各个方面的合作不断深入，中国已努力在欧洲进一步推广围棋，故答案为：Efforts have been made to further popularize Go in Europe.
海淀区高一年级第一学期期末调研
英语试题
考生须知：
1. 本试卷共8页，共四大部分，65道小题，满分100分，考试时间90分钟。
2. 在试卷和答题卡上准确填涂学校名称、班级、姓名和准考证号。
3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
4. 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
5. 考试结束，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力理解（共三节，20分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。
1. What will the man do this Spring Festival?
A. Travel abroad. B. Go to his hometown. C. Go to Disneyland.
2. What’s the weather like in the evening?
A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Windy.
3. What are the two speakers talking about?
A. A film. B. A country. C. A book.
4. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the market. B. In the restaurant. C. In the kitchen.
5. Which subject does the man want to choose?
A. History. B. Physics. C. Chemistry.
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
听下面4段对话。每段对话后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Whose birthday party are they preparing for?
A Mom’s. B. Dad’s. C. Kate’s.
7. What will they decorate the room with?
A. Balloons. B. Flowers. D. Photos.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What did the man do yesterday evening?
A. He played football. B. He watched a movie. C. He watched a volleyball game.
9. When did the game start?
A. At 7:00. B. At 7:30. C. At 8:00.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the man want to buy?
A. A cell phone. B. A car. C. A computer.
11. What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. Pick one and buy it. B. Compare prices carefully. C. Watch more advertisements.
12. What will the man do next?
A. Give up on it. B. Follow the woman’s advice. C. Do more research.
听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。
13. How does the man look?
A. Fat. B. Energetic. C. Well.
14. How does the man go to work every day now?
A. By bike. B. By car. C. On foot.
15. What is the woman’s suggestion for the man?
A. Having a good sleep at night.
B. Dealing with more paperwork.
C. Joining a fitness center nearby.
第三节（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）
听下面一段独白，完成第16至20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。
Erhu
What it is
● It is a musical instrument which comes from the 16 of China.
● It is also 17 the “Chinese violin”.
How to make it
● First, glue the snakeskin around the 18 box.
● Then, put all the pieces together.
How to play it
● Sit down and put the erhu on your leg.
● There are many ways to play it, either slow and 19 , or fast and joyful.
● Playing the erhu needs a lot of 20 .
第二部分：知识运用（共三节，33分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
At the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, a group of teenagers ____1____ (sing) the classic song, Me and My Motherland as they walked past the Golden Water Bridge in Tian’anmen Square. Then the singers ____2____ (join) by thousands of people. It might have been the biggest crowed ever to form in such a short period and the scene was very ____3____ (touch). Many viewers couldn’t help shedding tears and waving flags to express their love to the nation.
【答案】1. sang/were singing
2. were joined
3. touching
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，描述了在庆祝祖国70华诞之时，天安门广场上数万人合唱《我和我的祖国》的感人场面。
【1题详解】
考查时态。句意：在庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年之际，一群青少年在走过天安门广场的金水桥时，唱起了《我和我的祖国》这首经典歌曲。陈述的是过去的事情，应该用一般过去时，也可用过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作，主语是teenagers，谓语动词用复数，故填sang/were singing。
【2题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：然后，成千上万的人和他们一起唱了起来。singers 与join之间是被动关系，陈述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是singers，谓语动词用复数，故填were joined。
【3题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在这么短的时间内集结这么多人合唱一首歌，场面非常感人。此处缺少形容词作表语，修饰物用ing结尾的形容词，表示“令人……的”，故填touching。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
One morning I went fishing in a river ____4____ suddenly there came a cry: “Help!” I looked around and saw a boy struggling in the river. Throwing the fishing pole, I jumped into the river and swam ____5____ (quick) towards the boy. Then I took the boy to a nearby hospital. After the boy was saved, his mother gave me a thousand thanks. Back to my fishing place, I found my fishing pole floating on the water. ____6____ my surprise, there was a big fish on the hook.
【答案】4. when/and
5. quickly 6. To
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一天早上，我在河边钓鱼的时候发现一个小男孩落水了，于是我放下鱼竿马上去救他，回来后发现钩上竟然有一条大鱼。
【4题详解】
考查连词。句意：一天早上，我在河边钓鱼，突然传来一声大喊：救命！分析句子结构可知此处缺少连词，根据句意可知，此处既可用when表示“这时、突然”，也可用and表示顺承，故填when/and。
【5题详解】
考查副词。句意：我扔下鱼竿，跳进河里，迅速向男孩游去。修饰动词swam用副词，故填quickly。
【6题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：令我惊讶的是，钩上有一条大鱼。to one’s surprise表示“令某人惊讶的是”，故填To。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
School uniforms should be required for all students for some important reasons. Firstly, wearing uniforms makes everyone feel equal. It makes students ____7____ come from poor families feel the same. In addition, getting ready for school every morning can be much faster and easier. Many kids waste time choosing what ____8____ (wear) to school. Most importantly, some ____9____ (study) show that school uniforms make students perform better in school. Some people might say that uniforms take away personal freedom, but students still have many other ways to express ____10____ (they).
【答案】7. who/that
8. to wear 9. studies
10. themselves
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学生穿校服的好处。
【7题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这让来自贫困家庭的学生感觉和别人是一样的。此处为定语从句，关系词指代先行词students，并在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
【8题详解】
考查不定式。句意：许多孩子在选择穿什么去上学上浪费很多时间。分析句子结构并结合句意可知此处用“疑问词+不定式”结构作choosing的宾语，故填to wear。
【9题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：最重要的是，一些研究表明校服能让学生在学校表现更好。study作“研究”讲时是可数名词，some修饰可数名词复数，故填studies。
【10题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：有些人可能会说校服剥夺了个人自由，但是学生们仍然有很多其他的方式来表达他们自己。根据句意可知此处表示“他们自己”，故填themselves。
第二节 选词填空（共6小题；每小题1分，共6分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从方框中选择恰当的词填空，其中有两项为多余选项。
Spring Festival is highly valued by every Chinese family. Preparations begin a week before the festival. First, the house is ____11____ from top to bottom. People say it is to sweep away the dirt of the past year and get ready for the new year.
Next, the Chinese ____12____ Fu is attached upside down to the front door. It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.
The greatest excitement begins the night before Spring Festival. Fireworks are let off ____13____ the city, suddenly lighting up the night sky. Children will ____14____ their ears but with an expectant look on their faces. It is ____15____ to scare away the monster Nian. Then people sit together to enjoy Jiaozi. They are a sign of our wishes for ____16____ and happiness in the coming year.
This is Spring Festival—the joy of a family gathering.
【答案】11. cleaned
12. character
13. across 14. cover
15. believed
16. health
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国的传统节日——春节。
【11题详解】
考查动词。句意：首先，房子要彻底打扫干净。此处缺少动词作谓语，根据“from top to bottom”可知此处表示“打扫”，the house与clean之间是被动关系，此处用被动语态，故填cleaned。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：接下来，汉字“福”倒贴在前门上。此处用名词作主语，根据“Fu”可知此处表示“汉字”，故填character。
【13题详解】
考查介词。句意：烟花在城市上空绽放，瞬间照亮了夜空。分析句子结构可知此处需要填介词，强调城市上空烟花四起，此处表示“遍及”，故填across。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：孩子们会捂住耳朵，脸上却带着期待的表情。此处缺少动词作谓语，根据“their ears”可知此处表示“捂住”，will后用动词原形，故填cover。
【15题详解】
考查动词。句意：人们相信它可以吓跑怪兽“年”。it is believed that…表示“人们相信/认为”，故填believed。
【16题详解】
考查名词。句意：它们是我们在新的一年里希望健康和幸福的象征。作介词for的宾语用名词，根据“happiness”可知此处表示“健康”，故填health。
第三节 完形填空（共12小题；每小题1分，共12分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Table Talk
As we got out of the car, our son announced, “Phones stay in the car.”
“Why do you always have to tell us that?” complained our fifteen-year-old grandson.
Our son’s wife winked at us and then explained, “We have a family ____17____ that no one may bring anything electronic to the table.”
We ____18____ our phones in the car. Even though the restaurant was filled with families, there was little noise. All I heard were a few quiet conversations and the ding of forks on plates. The ____19____ unnerved me. I looked around. Everyone, even the young kids, was ____20____ at some kind of screen.
The silence was broken ____21____ the six of us sat down, and started talking. The waitress stood patiently and waited for our orders. When our food came, we continued to chat.
An elderly couple at the next table were finishing their dinners and conversing quietly. I noticed that they shot us a few glances, and ____22____ if our constant chatter was annoying them.
After the dessert, my son signaled the waitress for the check. She hesitated when she brought the black folder to our table. My son opened the black folder—it was ____23____. “You forgot the check,” he told her.
“There isn’t one. Someone else ____24____ your bill—and the tip too.” she said with a giggle (咯咯笑).
“Why?” asked our son, his wife and myself at once.
“They loved it that no one was connected” she continued. “They loved watching you guys ____25____. The old lady went on and on about how nice it was to see a family eating and talking instead of looking at ‘electric games’.”
For a moment, everyone at our table was at a loss for _____26_____. Then we all started talking at once. My son’s voice rose above the others. “Where are they? We want to thank them.”
“They left after you ordered dessert,” the waitress replied.
We spent the next fifteen minutes discussing this goodness and camp up with a _____27_____. Next time we see a family eating at a restaurant _____28_____ looking at anything electronic, we’ll pay it forward, just like what happened to us.
17. A. rule B. appointment C. discussion D. goal
18. A. closed B. returned C. sent D. locked
19. A. sweetness B. quietness C. patience D. preference
20. A. smiling B. knocking C. staring D. pointing
21. A. though B. before C. when D. until
22. A. realized B. wondered C. asked D. hesitated
23. A. special B. strange C. typical D. empty
24. A. paid B. served C. managed D. changed
25. A. eat B. talk C. argue D. work
26. A. directions B. choices C. words D. ideas
27. A. schedule B. message C. task D. plan
28. A. without B. by C. through D. for
【答案】17. A 18. D 19. B 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在餐馆吃饭时，一对老夫妇看到我们一家人吃饭聊天而不是看电子设备，因而替我们结了账，我们准备把这种做法延续下去，下次看到一家人在餐馆吃饭而不看任何电子设备时，我们也会替他们结账。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：儿媳妇向我们眨了眨眼，然后解释说：“我们有一条家庭规定，任何人不得带任何电子设备上桌”。A. rule规则；B. appointment约定；C. discussion讨论；D. goal目标。根据空后的“that no one may bring anything electronic to the table.”可知，任何人不得带任何电子产品上桌是我们家的一条家规，故A项正确。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们把手机锁在车里了。A. closed关闭；B. returned返回；C. sent发送；D. locked锁上。根据上文中的“Phones stay in the car.”可知，我们把手机锁在车里了，故D项正确。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种安静使我不安。A. sweetness甜蜜；B. quietness安静、宁静；C. patience耐性；D. preference偏爱。空前说尽管餐馆里有很多家庭在聚餐，但几乎没有什么噪音，我只听到一些安静的谈话和盘子上叉子的叮当声，但是这种安静让我感到不安，故B项正确。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人，甚至是小孩子，都盯着屏幕看。A. smiling微笑；B. knocking敲；C. staring紧盯；D. pointing指。根据空后的“at some kind of screen”可知，每个人都盯着屏幕看，故C项正确。
【21题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我们六个人坐下来开始谈话时，沉默被打破了。A. though尽管；B. before在……之前；C. when当……的时候；D. until直到。根据空后的“the six of us sat down, and started talking.”可知，当我们六个人坐下来开始谈话时，沉默被打破了，故C项正确。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我注意到他们朝我们瞥了几眼，我在想是不是我们的谈话让他们不悦。A. realized意识到；B. wondered想知道；C. asked问；D. hesitated犹豫。空前说邻桌的一对老夫妇吃完晚饭，正在安静地交谈，我注意到他们朝我们瞥了几眼，因此我在想是不是我们的谈话让他们不悦，故B项正确。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我儿子打开黑色的结账夹，里面是空的。A. special特别的；B. strange奇怪的；C. typical典型的；D. empty空的。根据空后的“You forgot the check”可知，结账夹里是空的，没有结账单，故D项正确。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人付了你的账单和小费。A. paid支付；B. served服务；C. managed管理；D. changed改变。上文说我们吃完饭准备结账，但服务员没有拿结账单，原因是有人替我们结过账了，故A项正确。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们喜欢看你们聊天。A. eat吃；B. talk谈话；C. argue争论；D. work工作。空后说那位老太太一直在说，看到一家人吃饭聊天，而不是看电子游戏是多么美好，因此那对老夫妇喜欢看我们一家人吃饭时聊天，故B项正确。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一时间，我们每个人都不知道说什么好，然后我们立刻开始谈论起来。A. directions指示；B. choices选择；C. words话语；D. ideas想法。听到那位老太太那样的评价，一时间，我们每个人都不知道说什么好，故C项正确。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：接下来的十五分钟里，我们讨论了这件好事，并制定了一个计划。A. schedule时间表；B. message信息；C. task任务；D. plan计划。空后说下次我们看到一家人在餐馆吃饭而不看任何电子设备时，我们也会替他们结账，这是我们的计划，故D项正确。
【28题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：下次我们看到一家人在餐馆吃饭而不看任何电子设备时，我们也会做发生在我们身上事情——替他们结账。A. without没有；B. by通过；C. through穿过；D. for为了。根据上文内容可知，我们一家人吃饭时不看任何电子设备，正是因为这个原因，一对老夫妇为我们结了账，所以下次我们看到一家人在餐馆吃饭而不看任何电子设备时，我们也会这样做，故A项正确。
【点睛】本篇第3空难度较大，抓住上文的细节描写是关键，根据空前的“Even though the restaurant was filled with families, there was little noise. All I heard were a few quiet conversations and the ding of forks on plates.”可知，尽管餐馆里有很多家庭在聚餐，但几乎没有什么噪音，我只听到一些安静的谈话和盘子上叉子的叮当声，这一细节描写突出餐馆里异乎寻常地安静，正是这种安静让我感到不安，故B项（quietness）正确。
第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，32分）
第一节 阅读选择（共12小题；每题2分，共24分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A vacation often means rest and relaxation, but more and more people are looking at traveling as an opportunity to help others and give back.
Don Germaise is a familiar face to many in Tampa Bay, but this former TV reporter’s life has changed a bit. “In the TV business you see the best and the worst the world has to offer, and at some point, it just occurred to me: I just need to do something to make the world a better place,” he explained.
He now travels the world, volunteering his time to help others. “Here’s the best part about a volunteer vacation. You’re not stuck at a hotel doing tours that everyone else does,” Germaise said. “You’re meeting regular people, living with regular people and helping regular people all over the world.”
Travel Writer Joe Miragliotta says that’s exactly why more people are spending time volunteering on vacation. “Travelers, especially millennials (千禧一代) like myself, are becoming more socially conscious when it comes to choosing where they go,” Miragliotta said. “They want to connect with the communities and causes they really care about.”
He recently took some time out of a trip to San Francisco to help out at a local farm. “Here, volunteers are growing healthy foods for the community, and they give it right back for free; and you know you can tend the vegetable gardens, help clean the orchard—lots of fun activities,” Miragliotta explained.
Volunteering doesn’t take up your entire vacation. You can do it for a few hours or even a few days. It’s all up to you. “With a kid...when you do something as simple as giving him or her a pencil when they never had a pencil for school, the look in their eyes is so unbelievable,” Germaise said. “It’s like they got an iPad for Christmas. It’s the greatest feeling in the world.”
29. What do vacations mean to Don Germaise?
A. Having a rest and relaxing. B. Getting an opportunity to travel.
C. Meeting and helping regular people. D. Reporting on what happens around the world.
30. According to Joe Miragliotta, young people __________.
A. are becoming more socially conscious B. find it fun to help in vegetable gardens
C. enjoy taking care of the children around D. are trying to learn more about other people
31. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. It only takes travelers a few hours to do volunteering.
B. Finding a way to help the people in need is not easy.
C. It is impossible for the kids to get an iPad for Christmas.
D. Making a small difference to people’s life is rewarding.
32. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. Millennials pay more attention to society.
B. Volunteer vacation is becoming a new trend.
C. Two travelers shared their experiences abroad.
D. Volunteers enjoy popularity among local people.
【答案】29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，以Don Germaise为例介绍了在假期做志愿工作正在成为一种新的趋势。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“You’re meeting regular people, living with regular people and helping regular people all over the world.”可知，对Don Germaise来说，假期意味着结识并帮助普通人，故C项正确。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Travelers, especially millennials (千禧一代) like myself, are becoming more socially conscious when it comes to choosing where they go,”可知，乔·米拉格里奥塔认为年轻人越来越有社会意识，故A项正确。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“With a kid...when you do something as simple as giving him or her a pencil when they never had a pencil for school, the look in their eyes is so unbelievable,” Germaise said. “It’s like they got an iPad for Christmas. It’s the greatest feeling in the world.”可知，对于一个孩子，当你做一些简单的事情，比如在他们上学从来没有铅笔的时候给他们一支铅笔，他们眼中的表情是如此难以置信，就像他们圣诞节有一台iPad，这是世界上最伟大的感觉，由此判断出，给人们的生活带来小小的改变是值得的，故D项正确。
【32题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“A vacation often means rest and relaxation, but more and more people are looking at traveling as an opportunity to help others and give back.”及最后一段中的“Volunteering”可知，假期通常意味着休息和放松，但越来越多的人把假期看作是帮助他人和回报他人的机会——他们选择利用假期做志愿工作，因此本文主要介绍的是在假期做志愿工作正在成为一种新的趋势，故B项正确。
【点睛】主旨大意题的难度较大，抓住首尾两段是关键，因为文章主题往往会在首段或末段体现出来，例如本篇第4题，通读全文，特别是根据第一段“A vacation often means rest and relaxation, but more and more people are looking at traveling as an opportunity to help others and give back.”及最后一段中的“Volunteering”可知，假期通常意味着休息和放松，但越来越多的人把假期看作是帮助他人和回报他人的机会——他们选择利用假期做志愿工作，因此本文主要介绍的是在假期做志愿工作正在成为一种新的趋势，故B项正确。
B
Georiga O’Keeffe always thought of herself as an artist. By 1928, the rest of the world did, too. At the age of 41 she was living in New York City and becoming a well-known painter. Still, O’Keeffe wasn’t happy. New York had been a good source of ideas for almost ten years. Now those ideas were drying up. O’Keeffe felt like she needed a change. She had visited New Mexico in 1917 with her sister. The wide open space had thrilled her. “Maybe I should go back,” she thought. In April of 1929, O’Keeffe packed her bags.
The wide open space of New Mexico drew O’Keeffe in. She spent hours just watching the sky change. Because the light was so clear, she felt like she could see for the first time. The beauty of the land renewed her. She couldn’t wait to start painting. Cow and horse skulls and desert flowers filled her canvases (画布). The colors of the desert inspired O’Keeffe. As a result, she made new choices in her artwork. “The color up there is different,” she explained. She loved the dusty blues and greens.
That August, O’Keeffe went home to New York. It was the start of a pattern. Each spring, she traveled to New Mexico to paint. These trips restored her spirit. Then, in the fall, she would return to New York. There, she showed her work. Each time O’Keeffe visited New Mexico, she explored a little more.
The bleached animal bones and skulls that O’Keeffe found excited her because she could see their special beauty. The bones didn’t mean death to O’Keeffe. To her, they showed the lasting beauty of the desert. The landscapes, clear light, and bright colors also spoke to her. She often painted close-ups of the rocks and mountains. Later, she began to travel more in search of new ideas. However, she always came back to New Mexico.
As O’Keeffe grew older, her eyesight began to fail. Still, O’Keeffe wasn’t ready to give up. Her friend Juan Hamilton helped her work with watercolors. He also taught her to sculpt. As a result, she made art into her 90s. When she died at the age of 98, Hamilton sprinkled her ashes over the desert. Her body became part of the land that had touched her art and her life.
33. O’Keeffe was unhappy in New York in 1928 because __________.
A. she was lack of the creative ideas B. she felt disappointed about her job
C. she was not successful as an artist D. she felt bored about life in a big city
34. After her trips to New Mexico, O’Keeffe __________.
A. received great reputation there B. discovered the meaning in her life
C. chose to settle down in that country D. got new thoughts from the scenery
35. What can we know about O’Keeffe from the passage?
A. She was never afraid of failure and death. B. She was devoted and passionate about art.
C. She was patient with the coming chances. D. She was curious about the nature of people.
36. Which of the following could be the best title for this article?
A. Lifestyle in the Desert B. Special Love for Art
C. Inspiration from the Desert D. Modern Women Artists
【答案】33. A 34. D 35. B 36. C
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了画家乔治亚奥基夫每年春天都从纽约出发到新墨西哥州的沙漠里挖掘艺术灵感的故事。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“New York had been a good source of ideas for almost ten years. Now those ideas were drying up.”可知，近十年来，纽约一直是一个很好的创意来源。现在，这些想法正在枯竭，由此可知，1928年，乔治亚奥基夫在纽约生活得并不开心是因为她缺乏创造性的想法，故A项正确。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The beauty of the land renewed her.”及第三段中的“These trips restored her spirit.”可知，新墨西哥州的景色让她精神焕发，给了她新的想法，故D项正确。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As O’Keeffe grew older, her eyesight began to fail. Still, O’Keeffe wasn’t ready to give up. Her friend Juan Hamilton helped her work with watercolors. He also taught her to sculpt. As a result, she made art into her 90s.”可知，随着奥基夫年龄的增长，她的视力开始衰退。不过，奥基夫还不想放弃，她的朋友胡安·汉密尔顿帮助她画水彩，他还教她雕刻，结果，她90多岁时还在从事艺术创作，由此判断出，乔治亚奥基夫对艺术倾注了毕生的热情，故B项正确。
【36题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了乔治亚奥基夫每年春天都从纽约出发到新墨西哥州的沙漠里挖掘艺术灵感的故事，所以“来自沙漠的灵感”为短文最佳标题。故C项正确。
C
“You’ll get square eyes!” my mother used to say as I sat for hour after hour glued to the TV. I ignored her, of course. Past-forward a few decades and now I’m the parent. My 5-year-old lives in a world where screens aren’t fixed pieces of furniture. You can’t even avoid them by going outside. Screens are not only in our pockets; they’re everywhere.
The concerns have grown with the screens. In the past decade, we have heard that they will damage our mental health. Many of us feel more distracted by them, feeling guiltier and more tired as a result.
The apps and websites we can access on our phones have also sparked widespread concern. Big tech companies are also good at making use of our need for social recognition hooking us on likes, retweets and follower counts. Social media has created a culture of mass narcissism (自恋), which has led many to worry about the emotional stresses on teenagers. A quick online search brings up dozens of papers linking screen use or social media with harmful effects on mental health, including depression and suicide.
Such statements are alarming. They are also widely believed, thanks to popular books like iGen by Jean Twenge, which claims that digital technology has ruined a generation. Yet, Amy Orben at the University of Oxford, who studies the impact of digital technology and social media in particular on mental health, holds different views. She claims that the underlying data can be used to tell different stories. She also spotted shortcomings in several large studies that claimed to show correlations (相关性) between the use of devices with screens and depression in users.
Twenge stands by her own finding, pointing in turn to what she considers flaws in Orben’s research methods. For David Max, at Royal College of Child Health in London, the effect of screen time and social media use on mental health remains speculative. “We cannot regard social media overall as good or bad,” says Davie. “We don’t know whether in individual cases social media is not responsible,” he says.
The explosion of mobile phone use has revolutionized our lives. I can download movies, write articles, communicate with my family and broadcast to the world all at the push of a button. Rather than impose constraints (限制), we should take a look at our use of screens and ask how they fit with the activities and lifestyle.
Every new technology with widespread impact has given rise to new fears. So the best bet may simply be to ask yourself what level of screen use makes you and those around you happy and try to stick to it. If you find yourself over addictive, don’t panic—and certainly don’t feel guilty. Nobody knows anything worth getting scared about.
37. According to the passage, people give likes, retweet or count followers to __________.
A. share one’s lifestyles B. show respect for others
C. seek social recognition D. relieve emotional stresses
38. The underlined word “speculative” probably means “__________”.
A. doubtful B. specific
C. important D. abstract
39. What can be learned from the passage?
A. Teenagers are more affected by screen use both physically and mentally.
B. Orben claims it is far too early to blame screen use for ruining a generation.
C. Big tech companies help to produce many research papers on mental health.
D. Twenge mainly introduces the overall benefits of digital technology in her books.
40. The passage is written to __________.
A. encourage readers to reduce the time of screen use
B. share different opinions on the effects of screen use
C. explain why screen use may have negative effects on people
D. relieve people’s concerns and worries about the use of screens
【答案】37. C 38. A 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了牛津大学的艾米•奥本通过研究发现屏幕时间和使用社交媒体对心理健康的影响仍然是不确定的，她认为现在就指责数字技术毁了一代人还为时过早，人们不必为此过分担忧。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Big tech companies are also good at making use of our need for social recognition, hooking us on likes, retweets and follower counts.”可知，大型科技公司也善于利用我们对社会认同的需求，吸引我们点赞、转发和关注，由此可知，我们点赞、转发和关注是为了寻求社会认同，故C项正确。
【38题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后的““We cannot regard social media overall as good or bad,” says Davie. “We don’t know whether in individual cases social media is not responsible,” he says.”可知，戴维斯说：“我们不能把社交媒体的整体状况看作是好是坏，他还说：“我们不知道在个别情况下，社交媒体是否负有责任”，这说明屏幕时间和使用社交媒体对心理健康的影响仍然是不确定的，由此可知画线词词义为“不确定的”，故A项正确。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“They are also widely believed, thanks to popular books like iGen by Jean Twenge, which claims that digital technology has ruined a generation. Yet, Amy Orben at the University of Oxford, who studies the impact of digital technology and social media in particular on mental health, holds different views.”可知，Jean Twenge声称数字技术已经毁掉了一代人，然而，牛津大学的艾米•奥本持有不同的观点，她研究数字技术和社交媒体尤其是对心理健康的影响，由此可知，奥本认为现在就指责屏幕的使用（数字技术）毁了一代人还为时过早，故B项正确。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Every new technology with widespread impact has given rise to new fears. So the best bet may simply be to ask yourself what level of screen use makes you and those around you happy and try to stick to it. If you find yourself over addictive, don’t panic—and certainly don’t feel guilty. Nobody knows anything worth getting scared about.可知，每一项影响广泛的新技术都会引起新的担忧，所以，最好的办法是问问你自己，什么程度的屏幕使用让你和你周围的人高兴，并努力坚持下去。如果你发现自己上瘾过度，没有必要惊慌和内疚，由此判断出，这篇文章的目的是缓解人们对屏幕使用的担忧，故D项正确。
【点睛】词义猜测题的难度较大，画线词后起解释说明或举例说明的句子往往是重要线索，例如本篇第2题，根据画线词后的““We cannot regard social media overall as good or bad,” says Davie. “We don’t know whether in individual cases social media is not responsible,” he says.”可知，戴维斯说：“我们不能把社交媒体的整体状况看作是好是坏，他还说：“我们不知道在个别情况下，社交媒体是否负有责任”，这是对前一句的解释说明，说明屏幕时间和使用社交媒体对心理健康的影响仍然是不确定的，由此可知画线词词义为“不确定的”，故A项正确。
第二节 阅读回答问题（共4小题；每小题2分，共8分）
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Go, commonly known in China as weiqi, is a board game for two players that needs logical (逻辑的) strategies. To win, the player must use black and white playing pieces to surround more field than the other player. The game was invented in China more than 2,500 years ago. It enjoys a wide fan base, mostly in East Asia—but it is becoming more popular in other areas of the world.
Schreiber, vice chair of Berlin Go Association, was introduced to the game 16 years ago, but thought the game rather boring at first. Similarly, Urban, chair of Berlin Go Association, accidentally discovered a book on Go on his mother’s bookshelf when he was 37 years old. “I tried to understand the rules because I love board games and I did not get it,” added Urban. But they both found the game more and more interesting after practice. “It’s like speaking to another but with your hands. You make a very direct message,” explained Schreiber.
Schreiber recommended children learn Go because he believed it could be beneficial for them. “They learn that there is always someone stronger and they learn that it’s okay to lose. They learn how to improve from their mistakes and say tomorrow will be better than today,” he explained.
To the experienced players, Go can be very addictive, as it carries meanings not just in leisure, but also in culture. Many are too quick to judge other people’s cultures. Confucius said, “Tell me, I’ll forget; Show me, I may remember; Involve me, and I will understand.” With Go, people only get stronger if they play against different players. With culture, one need ot go and talk to people, even better if in their language. If you can’t, maybe it’s enough to use the Go board as the language.
As cooperation between China and Germany deepens in many aspects of life, efforts have been made to further popularize Go in Europe. The European. Go Congress has been hosting annual competitions since 1983. Training courses are also offered, and professional players from China are invited to deliver lectures for game loves in Europe.
41 When was Go invented in China?
42. How did Schreiber and Urban feel about Go after practice?
43. Why did Schreiber recommend children learn Go?
44. What has happened as a cooperation between China and Germany deepens?
【答案】41. (Go/It was invented in China ) more than 2,500 years ago.
42. They both found the game more and more interesting (after practice).
43. Because he believed it could be beneficial for them.
44. Efforts have been made to further popularize Go in Europe.
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了围棋的起源以及在欧洲的发展。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The game was invented in China more than 2,500 years ago.”可知，围棋是2500多年前在中国发明的，故答案为：(Go/It was invented in China ) more than 2,500 years ago.
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But they both found the game more and more interesting after practice.”可知，经过练习，他们（施赖伯和厄本）都发现这个游戏越来越有趣，故答案为：They both found the game more and more interesting (after practice).
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Schreiber recommended children learn Go because he believed it could be beneficial for them.”可知，施赖伯建议孩子们学习围棋，因为他认为围棋对他们有好处，故答案为：Because he believed it could be beneficial for them.
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As cooperation between China and Germany deepens in many aspects of life, efforts have been made to further popularize Go in Europe.”可知，随着中德两国在生活各个方面的合作不断深入，中国已努力在欧洲进一步推广围棋，故答案为：Efforts have been made to further popularize Go in Europe.
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