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新概念英语第二册课件Lesson62（共36页）
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这是一份新概念英语第二册课件Lesson62（共36页），共35页。PPT课件主要包含了fire火灾，control，threaten，Grammar ，Grammar等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Free TalkText ReviewLanguage PintsGrammarExercisesSpecial difficulties
Free talk:Have yu ever experienced any natural disasters?
sandstrm (沙尘暴)
Can yu tell sme kind f natural disasters?
tsunami (海啸)
Questins n the text
Why were the surrunding villages f the hills threatened with destructin?What had begun t appear in the blackened sil in place f the great trees?
cntrl spray fldsmke quantity authritydeslate rt grass-seed threaten century destructin surrunding patch blacken
Key wrds ＆ expressins
cntrl [kən'trəul] n. 控制 be in cntrl f sth.指挥，管理或控制 =be in charge f sth Wh is in cntrl f the plan?be under cntrl 在控制之中 The fire has been under cntrl. 火势已受到控制。 Dn’t wrry, everything is under cntrl.be ut f cntrl 失去控制 The Transfrmers was ut f cntrl.这个变形金刚失去了控制。v. I can cntrl it. =I can manage it. 我能对付(口语)
smke [sməuk] ①n. 烟（雾） full f smke 充满烟雾 There is n smke withut fire. 无风不起浪have a smke 抽一只烟smker n. 抽烟的人 heavy smker 烟瘾重的人 ； nnsmker 不抽烟的人 ②v. 吸烟 Dn't smke! = N smking! He smked heavily. smking area / smking rm 吸烟室 cigarette = cigar n. 香烟
threaten ['θretən] v. ①威胁 threaten t d sth. 威胁着要做……（与人相连）；有迹象表明…… He threatened t make the pht public.threaten sb. with sth. 以……来威胁/恐吓某人 The thief threatened him with a knife.②有……预兆It threatened t rain. 有迹象表明天要下雨了。 联想：blackmail（勒索，敲诈），steal，rb
★deslate [‘desələt, ’desəleit] adj. 荒凉的 a deslate huse 废屋deslate adj. 荒凉的（与地方相连，表示无人居住, 荒无人烟的）；极度孤独的(与人相连时) a deslate hilllnely adj. 孤独的，荒凉的，偏僻的（与地方连表示孤零零的，但并不表示无人居住）
★surrunding [sə'raundiŋ] ①adj. 周围的 the surrunding cuntry 近郊②(pl.)n. 周围的事物，环境 schl surrundingssurrund v围绕，包围，围住 I live in an ld twn which is surrunded by beautiful wds.atmsphere n. 大气层, 氛围(在周边的人文环境)
authrity [ɔ:'θɔrəti] n. ①当局(常复 authrities) authrities cncerned 有关当局；主管部门 ②权力，职权 the authrity fr entering rm③权威人士，来源 She is an authrity n Spanish. Teachers are n lnger the authrity n everything and students are n lnger the passive learners.
★spray [sprei] v. 喷撒 spray sth. ver/n 往……上喷洒 spray water ver/n flwer spray grass-seed ver/n the grund ★ grass-seed 草籽grassland 草地grass-seeder 草籽播种机grass rts 群众
fld [flʌd] ① n. 洪水, 水灾 at the fld 涨潮，在最有利的时机 a fld f tears 泪如泉涌②v. 淹没 The rm is flded with water.③v. 溢满 Warmth flded my heart. rw against the fld 逆水行舟
★destructin [di'strʌkʃən] n. ①破坏, 毁灭 The fire caused the destructin f my bks.②引起毁坏的原因 Pride was her destructin. 骄傲是她致命的弱点。destructive adj. 破坏性的 a destructive fire destry v. 破坏 cnstruct v. 建设(为……创造更好的条件) cnstructin n. 建设, 建筑 cnstructin bank 建设银行
★quantity ['kwɔntəti] n. （数）量 quantities f 大量的…… =in large quantity 大量 少量quality ['kwɔləti] n. 质量 sth. with gd quality 具有好质量的东西 I prefer quality t quantity.
★rt [ru:t, rut] ①n. 根，根茎 the rt f a tree②n. 本质;根源 the rt f the prblem③v. 使立定不动；使固定 Fear rted her t the grund.take rt 生根 ★ century [‘sentʃuri] n. 世纪；百年 at the turn f the century 在世纪之交
★blacken ['blækən] ①v. 变黑，发暗 The smke has blackened the walls. 烟把墙熏黑了。②诽谤 Jim blackened his deskmate by giving him names.-en后缀表示动词，译为“使……变得……” weak adj. 虚弱的 ——> weaken v. 使……变弱，削弱Widen lsen whiten deepen darken…..
Language Pints
1、Firemen had been fighting the frest fire fr nearly three weeks befre they culd get it under cntrl. ◆fight sth. 和……作搏斗fight fr freedm为自由而战fight a gd fight 打了一场漂亮的仗have a fight win a fight ,lse a fightWe hpe t break thrugh sn in the fight against AIDS get it under cntrl 表示“使它得到控制”
2、A shrt time befre, great trees had cvered the cuntryside fr miles arund. ◆a shrt time befre和a shrt time ag都可以与段时间相连 a shrt time befre 不久以前，从过去某一点时间算起，一段时间以前 （同义词组：a shrt while befre, nt lng ag）a shrt time ag 过去某段时间，从现在算起，一段时间以前 great trees 参天大树◆cvershe cvered her face with her hands. Dn't judge the bk by its cver.cver stry 封面故事◆fr miles arund 方圆几英里（arund表示“在周围，向四周”） This is the nly mdern building fr miles arund.
3、Nw, smke still rse up frm the warm grund ver the deslate hills. rise up (frm) 从 升上来 smke rise up (烟、雾)弥漫 rise t ne's feet 站起身rise in the wrld 出头，发迹the rise and fall f the Rman Empire 罗马帝国的兴衰The sun rises in the east.
4、Winter was cming n and the hills threatened the surrunding villages with destructin, fr heavy rain wuld nt nly wash away the sil but wuld cause serius flds as well. ◆winter was cming n 冬季即将来临 (季节的来临的通用表达式)，cme n的过去进行时形式表示的是过去将来时，它在这里表示季节的“到来，来临”：◆fr 因为，由于（用于主句之后，补充说明理由）I' ll fllw his advice, fr he is a dctr. 下面两个词也可以表示原因：As it is raining, let' s stay at hme.Since yu have n license, yu are nt allwed t drive.◆wash away 冲掉，冲走，洗掉 A wden bridge was washed away by the fld.
5、When the fire had at last been put ut, the frest authrities rdered several tns f a special type f grass-seed which wuld grw quickly. ◆ put ut 扑灭 ◆ rder 定购 We can rder sme mre bks nline.命令，吩咐 rder sb t d He rdered the army t circle the enemy.◆type强调与其他同类的东西有明显不同的特征的种类，与 kind有区别
6、The planes had been planting seed fr nearly a mnth when it began t rain.plant seed /sw seed 播种7、By then, hwever, in many places the grass had already taken rt. take rt 表示“生根”，这个短语也可以表示某处思想/想法等“扎根”： This type f grass takes rt easily. The idea has taken rt in his mind.
8、In place f the great trees which had been grwing there fr centuries patches f green had begun t appear in the blackened sil. ◆in place f 替代，取代 (只能指代位置、空间，原来放的东西现在不在了) Jane answered the phne in place f Mary. in place 恰当的，在恰当的位置上 I like t have everything in place.我喜欢样样事都恰得其所。ut f place 不得其所 His dress was ut f place at the ceremny.take the place f = replace Wh will take the place f Mr White? 谁将代替怀特先生？instead f 替代+没做的事 Instead f staying hme, I went t schl. （此句就不能用“in place f”，而指地点空间时，既可以用“in place f”也可以用“instead f”。）
一、构成：had been+现在分词二、cncept1、过去完成进行时用于强调某动作在过去更早的某一段时间内一直在进行，并对过去某一时刻产生结果。与它经常连用的表示时间的词有befre, fr, since ,all day等.She was very tired.She had been typing letters all days.I’d been racing hrses fr years befre I met my wife.
过去完成进行时 （the past perfect prgressive tense)
1.构成，had+过去分词2.概念，它表示过去某时或某动作发生之前已经完成的动作或情况，即“较早的过去”。常用的连词有when, after,as sn as,(nt) until,by that time,(never) befre,already,fr,since,just等。After he had said gdbye t us all, Captain Alisn started his jurney.除此之外还常与连词n sner…than和hardly…when连用。 He had hardly had time t settle dwn when he sld the huse and left the cuntry.
过去完成时 （The simple past perfect tense )
过去完成进行时与过去完成时的比较1、过去完成时和过去完成进行时有时可以替换使用：Dan had wrked/had been wrking fr the firm fr fifteen years when I first met him.我第一次遇到丹时，他已在该公司干了15年了。2. She had cleaned the ffice, s it was very tidy. 她已经打扫过办公室了，所以很整洁。 (强调结果) She had been cleaning the ffice, s we had t wait utside. 她一直在打扫办公室，所以我们不得不在外面等着。 (强调动作一直在进行)
过去完成进行时与过去完成时的比较3、需要表示某个工作已经完成时，只能用过去完成时.When I gt hme, I fund that Jill had been painting her rm.我回到家时，看见吉尔在粉刷她的房间。（工作尚未完成）When I gt hme, I fund that Jill had painted her rm.我回到家时，吉尔已经粉刷过她的房间了。（已完成）When I arrived, they’d already put the fire ut.我到达时，他们已经把火扑灭了。（不可用过去完成进行时）
1. they received the parcel that they ___ fr a lng time.A. expected B. have expected C. had been expecting D. had expected2. He __ mre than 5,000 English wrds when he entered university at the age f 15.A. has learned B. wuld have learned C. learned D. had learned3. She didn’t pass the exams because she___ her lessns well.A. wasn’t prepared B. wasn’t been prepared C. hadn’t prepared D. was preparing4. We ___ fur thusand new wrds by the end f last years.A. had learned B. have learned C. learned D. will have learned
Special difficulties
and big,它们都有大的意思，但great通常与重要性有关系，表示“伟大的”、“重大的”、"重要的“等含义，big则较为口语化，表示体积、规模等方面的”大“。Frank has just made a great decisin.弗兰克刚作出一项重大的决定。This picture is said t be painted by a great painter.据说这幅画是一位伟大的画家画的。（不可用BIG)Sam is a big man.萨姆是个大块头。Yur huse is bigger than mine.(不用great ) 你家的房子比我家的大。
另外表示大的单词large huge massive
3.、sil and grundsil主要用于指“土”、”土地“、”土壤“Heavy rain will wash away the sil frm deslate hills.大雨将把泥土从荒凉的山丘上冲走。Trees and grass grw quickly in rich sil.草木在肥沃的土壤里生长迅速。grund含义较广。它除了可以表示”土地“、”土壤“外，还可以表示”地面“、”场地“等。Dn't sit n the grund.不要坐在地上。He threw the cup t the grund.他把茶杯摔在地上。There is a frball grund in ur university。我们大学里有一个足球场。
Free TalkText ReviewLanguage PintsGrammarExercisesSpecial difficulties
Free talk:Have yu ever experienced any natural disasters?
sandstrm (沙尘暴)
Can yu tell sme kind f natural disasters?
tsunami (海啸)
Questins n the text
Why were the surrunding villages f the hills threatened with destructin?What had begun t appear in the blackened sil in place f the great trees?
cntrl spray fldsmke quantity authritydeslate rt grass-seed threaten century destructin surrunding patch blacken
Key wrds ＆ expressins
cntrl [kən'trəul] n. 控制 be in cntrl f sth.指挥，管理或控制 =be in charge f sth Wh is in cntrl f the plan?be under cntrl 在控制之中 The fire has been under cntrl. 火势已受到控制。 Dn’t wrry, everything is under cntrl.be ut f cntrl 失去控制 The Transfrmers was ut f cntrl.这个变形金刚失去了控制。v. I can cntrl it. =I can manage it. 我能对付(口语)
smke [sməuk] ①n. 烟（雾） full f smke 充满烟雾 There is n smke withut fire. 无风不起浪have a smke 抽一只烟smker n. 抽烟的人 heavy smker 烟瘾重的人 ； nnsmker 不抽烟的人 ②v. 吸烟 Dn't smke! = N smking! He smked heavily. smking area / smking rm 吸烟室 cigarette = cigar n. 香烟
threaten ['θretən] v. ①威胁 threaten t d sth. 威胁着要做……（与人相连）；有迹象表明…… He threatened t make the pht public.threaten sb. with sth. 以……来威胁/恐吓某人 The thief threatened him with a knife.②有……预兆It threatened t rain. 有迹象表明天要下雨了。 联想：blackmail（勒索，敲诈），steal，rb
★deslate [‘desələt, ’desəleit] adj. 荒凉的 a deslate huse 废屋deslate adj. 荒凉的（与地方相连，表示无人居住, 荒无人烟的）；极度孤独的(与人相连时) a deslate hilllnely adj. 孤独的，荒凉的，偏僻的（与地方连表示孤零零的，但并不表示无人居住）
★surrunding [sə'raundiŋ] ①adj. 周围的 the surrunding cuntry 近郊②(pl.)n. 周围的事物，环境 schl surrundingssurrund v围绕，包围，围住 I live in an ld twn which is surrunded by beautiful wds.atmsphere n. 大气层, 氛围(在周边的人文环境)
authrity [ɔ:'θɔrəti] n. ①当局(常复 authrities) authrities cncerned 有关当局；主管部门 ②权力，职权 the authrity fr entering rm③权威人士，来源 She is an authrity n Spanish. Teachers are n lnger the authrity n everything and students are n lnger the passive learners.
★spray [sprei] v. 喷撒 spray sth. ver/n 往……上喷洒 spray water ver/n flwer spray grass-seed ver/n the grund ★ grass-seed 草籽grassland 草地grass-seeder 草籽播种机grass rts 群众
fld [flʌd] ① n. 洪水, 水灾 at the fld 涨潮，在最有利的时机 a fld f tears 泪如泉涌②v. 淹没 The rm is flded with water.③v. 溢满 Warmth flded my heart. rw against the fld 逆水行舟
★destructin [di'strʌkʃən] n. ①破坏, 毁灭 The fire caused the destructin f my bks.②引起毁坏的原因 Pride was her destructin. 骄傲是她致命的弱点。destructive adj. 破坏性的 a destructive fire destry v. 破坏 cnstruct v. 建设(为……创造更好的条件) cnstructin n. 建设, 建筑 cnstructin bank 建设银行
★quantity ['kwɔntəti] n. （数）量 quantities f 大量的…… =in large quantity 大量 少量quality ['kwɔləti] n. 质量 sth. with gd quality 具有好质量的东西 I prefer quality t quantity.
★rt [ru:t, rut] ①n. 根，根茎 the rt f a tree②n. 本质;根源 the rt f the prblem③v. 使立定不动；使固定 Fear rted her t the grund.take rt 生根 ★ century [‘sentʃuri] n. 世纪；百年 at the turn f the century 在世纪之交
★blacken ['blækən] ①v. 变黑，发暗 The smke has blackened the walls. 烟把墙熏黑了。②诽谤 Jim blackened his deskmate by giving him names.-en后缀表示动词，译为“使……变得……” weak adj. 虚弱的 ——> weaken v. 使……变弱，削弱Widen lsen whiten deepen darken…..
Language Pints
1、Firemen had been fighting the frest fire fr nearly three weeks befre they culd get it under cntrl. ◆fight sth. 和……作搏斗fight fr freedm为自由而战fight a gd fight 打了一场漂亮的仗have a fight win a fight ,lse a fightWe hpe t break thrugh sn in the fight against AIDS get it under cntrl 表示“使它得到控制”
2、A shrt time befre, great trees had cvered the cuntryside fr miles arund. ◆a shrt time befre和a shrt time ag都可以与段时间相连 a shrt time befre 不久以前，从过去某一点时间算起，一段时间以前 （同义词组：a shrt while befre, nt lng ag）a shrt time ag 过去某段时间，从现在算起，一段时间以前 great trees 参天大树◆cvershe cvered her face with her hands. Dn't judge the bk by its cver.cver stry 封面故事◆fr miles arund 方圆几英里（arund表示“在周围，向四周”） This is the nly mdern building fr miles arund.
3、Nw, smke still rse up frm the warm grund ver the deslate hills. rise up (frm) 从 升上来 smke rise up (烟、雾)弥漫 rise t ne's feet 站起身rise in the wrld 出头，发迹the rise and fall f the Rman Empire 罗马帝国的兴衰The sun rises in the east.
4、Winter was cming n and the hills threatened the surrunding villages with destructin, fr heavy rain wuld nt nly wash away the sil but wuld cause serius flds as well. ◆winter was cming n 冬季即将来临 (季节的来临的通用表达式)，cme n的过去进行时形式表示的是过去将来时，它在这里表示季节的“到来，来临”：◆fr 因为，由于（用于主句之后，补充说明理由）I' ll fllw his advice, fr he is a dctr. 下面两个词也可以表示原因：As it is raining, let' s stay at hme.Since yu have n license, yu are nt allwed t drive.◆wash away 冲掉，冲走，洗掉 A wden bridge was washed away by the fld.
5、When the fire had at last been put ut, the frest authrities rdered several tns f a special type f grass-seed which wuld grw quickly. ◆ put ut 扑灭 ◆ rder 定购 We can rder sme mre bks nline.命令，吩咐 rder sb t d He rdered the army t circle the enemy.◆type强调与其他同类的东西有明显不同的特征的种类，与 kind有区别
6、The planes had been planting seed fr nearly a mnth when it began t rain.plant seed /sw seed 播种7、By then, hwever, in many places the grass had already taken rt. take rt 表示“生根”，这个短语也可以表示某处思想/想法等“扎根”： This type f grass takes rt easily. The idea has taken rt in his mind.
8、In place f the great trees which had been grwing there fr centuries patches f green had begun t appear in the blackened sil. ◆in place f 替代，取代 (只能指代位置、空间，原来放的东西现在不在了) Jane answered the phne in place f Mary. in place 恰当的，在恰当的位置上 I like t have everything in place.我喜欢样样事都恰得其所。ut f place 不得其所 His dress was ut f place at the ceremny.take the place f = replace Wh will take the place f Mr White? 谁将代替怀特先生？instead f 替代+没做的事 Instead f staying hme, I went t schl. （此句就不能用“in place f”，而指地点空间时，既可以用“in place f”也可以用“instead f”。）
一、构成：had been+现在分词二、cncept1、过去完成进行时用于强调某动作在过去更早的某一段时间内一直在进行，并对过去某一时刻产生结果。与它经常连用的表示时间的词有befre, fr, since ,all day等.She was very tired.She had been typing letters all days.I’d been racing hrses fr years befre I met my wife.
过去完成进行时 （the past perfect prgressive tense)
1.构成，had+过去分词2.概念，它表示过去某时或某动作发生之前已经完成的动作或情况，即“较早的过去”。常用的连词有when, after,as sn as,(nt) until,by that time,(never) befre,already,fr,since,just等。After he had said gdbye t us all, Captain Alisn started his jurney.除此之外还常与连词n sner…than和hardly…when连用。 He had hardly had time t settle dwn when he sld the huse and left the cuntry.
过去完成时 （The simple past perfect tense )
过去完成进行时与过去完成时的比较1、过去完成时和过去完成进行时有时可以替换使用：Dan had wrked/had been wrking fr the firm fr fifteen years when I first met him.我第一次遇到丹时，他已在该公司干了15年了。2. She had cleaned the ffice, s it was very tidy. 她已经打扫过办公室了，所以很整洁。 (强调结果) She had been cleaning the ffice, s we had t wait utside. 她一直在打扫办公室，所以我们不得不在外面等着。 (强调动作一直在进行)
过去完成进行时与过去完成时的比较3、需要表示某个工作已经完成时，只能用过去完成时.When I gt hme, I fund that Jill had been painting her rm.我回到家时，看见吉尔在粉刷她的房间。（工作尚未完成）When I gt hme, I fund that Jill had painted her rm.我回到家时，吉尔已经粉刷过她的房间了。（已完成）When I arrived, they’d already put the fire ut.我到达时，他们已经把火扑灭了。（不可用过去完成进行时）
1. they received the parcel that they ___ fr a lng time.A. expected B. have expected C. had been expecting D. had expected2. He __ mre than 5,000 English wrds when he entered university at the age f 15.A. has learned B. wuld have learned C. learned D. had learned3. She didn’t pass the exams because she___ her lessns well.A. wasn’t prepared B. wasn’t been prepared C. hadn’t prepared D. was preparing4. We ___ fur thusand new wrds by the end f last years.A. had learned B. have learned C. learned D. will have learned
Special difficulties
and big,它们都有大的意思，但great通常与重要性有关系，表示“伟大的”、“重大的”、"重要的“等含义，big则较为口语化，表示体积、规模等方面的”大“。Frank has just made a great decisin.弗兰克刚作出一项重大的决定。This picture is said t be painted by a great painter.据说这幅画是一位伟大的画家画的。（不可用BIG)Sam is a big man.萨姆是个大块头。Yur huse is bigger than mine.(不用great ) 你家的房子比我家的大。
另外表示大的单词large huge massive
3.、sil and grundsil主要用于指“土”、”土地“、”土壤“Heavy rain will wash away the sil frm deslate hills.大雨将把泥土从荒凉的山丘上冲走。Trees and grass grw quickly in rich sil.草木在肥沃的土壤里生长迅速。grund含义较广。它除了可以表示”土地“、”土壤“外，还可以表示”地面“、”场地“等。Dn't sit n the grund.不要坐在地上。He threw the cup t the grund.他把茶杯摔在地上。There is a frball grund in ur university。我们大学里有一个足球场。
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