Part Ⅱ　Using language——定语从句(2)

【思维导图】

一、基本特征感悟

【感悟用法】

I still remember the day when I first visited Beijing.It is a city where there are many tourist attractions.That is the reason why there are many travelers home and abroad.I think if you pay a visit to Beijing, you are sure to be impressed with it.

【自我总结】

上文中黑体部分引导的是定语从句，它们均为关系副词。

二、主要用法精讲

1.when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语。它的先行词通常有：time, day, week, year 等。

I can not forget the day when (on which) I first saw you.

我不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。

2.where 指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有：place, street, house, city, country 以及一些抽象意义的名词，如 point, case, position, condition, situation。

This is the house where (in which) they lived a week ago.

这是一个星期前他们住过的房子。

3.当先行词是表示时间的 time, day 等或表示地点的 place, house 等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语，关系词应用which或that，缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用 when 或 where。

I still remember the day (which/that) we spent together in the city.

我仍然记得我们在那座城市一起度过的那一天。

This is the room where (in which) Lao She once lived.

这是老舍曾经居住过的房间。

4.why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。

The reason why (for which) I don’t trust him is that he often tells lies.

我不信任他的原因是他常常撒谎。

如何区别关系代词和关系副词？

正确区分关系代词和关系副词，关键是要弄清楚它们在定语从句中担当什么成分，而不仅仅取决于先行词是什么。如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，就用关系代词；如果作定语，就用whose；如果关系词在定语从句中作状语，就用关系副词。

名师提醒

这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于“介词＋which”结构：

①when＝on (in, at, during...) ＋which

②where＝in (at, on...) ＋which

③why＝for which

即学即练

用适当的关系副词填空

1.He lived in a time when the blind couldn’t get much education.

2.Can you tell me the company where she works?

3.This is the reason why the word belated was invented.

4.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment where they live.

5.The film brought the hours back to me when I was taken good care of in that far-away village.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1.Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.

2.But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.

3.Do you know the reason why he has been late?

4.No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it’s better to remain silent.

5.The main reason why he got the job in that company was his hard work.

6.Do you still remember the day when we met on the train for the first time?

7.We visited the car factory where my uncle once worked three years ago.

8.Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?

9.I have forgotten the date which/that you told me.

10.That is the reason which/that I want to know.

Ⅱ.补全句子

1.She told the reporter that she had to survive on little food during the days when__she__was__buried.

她告诉记者她在被埋的日子里只能依靠很少的食物生存。

2.I have come to explain the reason why__I__was__absent__from your birthday party to you.

我是来向你解释我缺席你生日派对的原因。

3.There was a time when__I__was__tired__of__learning__English and disliked to speak English.

有一段时间，我厌倦学英语并且不喜欢说英语。

4.They have reached the point where__they__have__to__separate with each other.

他们已经到了必须分手的地步。

5.Can you tell me the office where__he__works?

你能告诉我他工作的办公室吗？

Ⅲ.语法填空

Who’s the 1.________ (popular) cartoon character in China right now? It might be Peppa Pig.Peppa is 6 years old.She wears a red dress.Her favorite thing to do 2.________ (be) to jump in muddy puddles (泥坑).She can spend all day 3.________ (do) this.Her favorite toy is a bear named Teddy.Mummy Pig is a beautiful lady and she takes care of her family.Daddy Pig is an architect 4.________ is very cheerful and playing with Peppa and George a lot.Peppa often makes fun of his big belly (肚子).They are 5.________ main characters on the British TV show Peppa Pig.

The show has been on TV in 40 6.________ (language) in more than 180 countries and regions.It’s about the everyday lives of the Peppa Pig family members.The show is 7.________ (main) for preschoolers.But many older kids and even adults have become fans of the show 8.________ well.

“I think 9.________ (it) popularity is partly because of it being ageless，” Richard Ridings, a voice actor playing Peppa’s dad, told the Mirror.

The show’s stories are simple, but its humor is not too childish.Both kids and adults are always 10.________ (make) to laugh as soon as they see Peppa.

【语篇解读】　本文介绍了在中国最受欢迎的卡通人物小猪佩奇的一些情况。

1.most popular　[句意：现在谁是中国最受欢迎的卡通人物？根据句意可知，此处应使用最高级。]

2.is　[根据上文Peppa is 6 years old.She wears a red dress.可知，此处应用一般现在时。主语为thing，故谓语动词用is。]

3.doing　[spend time (in) doing sth花费时间做某事。]

4.who/that　[先行词为architect，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用who/that。]

5.the　[此处表示特指，故应用定冠词the。]

6.languages　[language为可数名词，且此处被数词40所修饰，因此使用复数形式。]

7.mainly　[此处修饰介词短语应用副词形式。]

8.as　[as well也。]

9.its　[此处修饰名词popularity，故应用形容词性物主代词。]

10.made　[make sb do sth使某人做某事，其被动语态为sth be made to do。]