山东省日照市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-02阅读单选&阅读回答问题

这是一份山东省日照市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-02阅读单选&阅读回答问题，共25页。

山东省日照市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编
02阅读单选&阅读回答问题
一、 阅读单选
（2022·山东日照）If you want to find more about chocolate, you can go to hundreds of special shops, museums, and visitor centers in different countries.
Barcelona, Spain
One of the most interesting chocolate museums is in Barcelona, Spain. You can find some of Barcelona’s most famous buildings here, but of course, they are all made of chocolate. You can also learn how to make it. If the wonderful smell makes you hungry, do not worry. You get a good ticket when you arrive—it is a bar of chocolate and you can eat it while you are walking around!
Prague, Czech
Visitors to Prague in the Czech Republic can also go to an unusual small museum. It has pictures by the artist Vladomir Cech and he made them all in chocolate. At the museum, you can try making a picture yourself. But be careful it is not easy!
Birmingham, UK
Cadbury Warld center in Birmingham in the UK is also a famous place with chocolate lovers. Over 500,000 people go there every year to find out about the Cadbury story.
The visitor center is next to their famous factory. You can stand in the corner of the building and watch while people make real Cadbury Dairy Milk. Hundreds of bars go past your eyes every minute—it is very exciting!
Hershey, USA
Hershey’s Chocolate World in the USA is even more popular, with around three million visitors every year. It is a lot more than just a museum because you can visit a special 4D cinema here and go on a ride too. People sit in little cars to move from room to room, and on the journey they learn all about Hershey’s chocolate.
1． What is special about the ticket mentioned in the passage?
A．It is made of chocolate. B．It has pictures of chocolate.
C．It shows how to make chocolate. D．It tells you the way to a 4D cinema.
2． Where can you learn to make a chocolate picture yourself?
A．In Barcelona. B．In Prague. C．In Birmingham. D．In Hershey.
3． What do we know about the chocolate museum in Hershey?
A．It offers a special journey.
B．It tells the Cadbury story.
C．It has buildings made of chocolate.
D．It receives over 500,000 visitors every year.
（2022·山东日照）This big-sister thing wasn’t pleasant. I was five, and my sister Lisa was two years younger. Every time we did something that we shouldn’t do, I got into more trouble. It seemed everybody paid attention to her.
One day I was playing with the kids next door, and found out that in other people’s houses, the older kids had later bedtime. Going back with my new-found information, I asked my mother to make a change and she said no.
So I went to my room and started to pack. Into the suitcase (行李箱) went my books and some toys. Putting some more clothes into, I went downstairs. Mum looked up and asked if I was running away. As I told her yes, she wasn’t nearly as upset as I expected.
“Are you going to Grandma Sylvia’s?” I couldn’t believe she would know this. She was like a witch (女巫).
Without answering her, I went out, pulling the suitcase with great difficulty, not knowing Mum was following behind.
Finally I got to Grandma’s house about two kilometers away. Before I knocked, the door opened. Grandma told me she was happy to see me , and I realized Mum had already called ahead.
Soon Mum came in; sat in my grandmother’s chair, took my hot little face in her hands and said, “Sweet-heart, I don’t want you to be so unhappy. If it’s hard for you to live with Lisa, tomorrow I’ll call the orphanage (孤儿院) and send her away.”
Knowing what an orphanage was, I started to cry. “Don’t send my sister away!” Mum unwillingly agreed that we would all go home and give it another try. That night, Mum fed us, gave us a bath and sent us to bed at the same time.
In the following years, once in a while Lisa and I would have a fight, and to this day, if I turn over my shoulder and say, “Mum, Lisa’s being mean (坏) to me!” Mum always answers in the same way, “You had your chance.”
4． The girl ran away from home because she thought _________.
A．Lisa always made trouble B．Lisa had later bedtime
C．she had to share love with Lisa D．she was treated differently
5． Why did the girl think Mum was like a witch?
A．Mum didn’t care about her leaving.
B．Mum refused to make a change.
C．Mum knew where she was going.
D．Mum knew Grandma was waiting for her.
6． What does the mother want to tell the girl by saying “You had your chance”?
A．She should try to fight back. B．She can run away from home again.
C．She can still send Lisa to the orphanage. D．She should learn to get along well with Lisa.
7． Which of the following best describes the mother in the story?
A．Mean. B．Wise. C．Strict. D．Unfair.
（2022·山东日照）When you do some running, you have a lot of energy which comes from the movement of your body. When you suddenly stop, your body loses this energy. We already have watches and small medical devises (设备) which can use energy that we make when we move. In the future, people like police officers and soldiers may wear devices on their legs to “catch” this lost energy and keep it in batteries (电池). They could use the power for computers, radios or other devices.
In December 2008, most people walking across Hachiko Square, Tokyo, probably did not notice four yellow squares on the road as they hurried to work. The squares were made of special materials that make electricity when they change shape. When people stood on the squares, the shape of the materials changed and they produced electricity. The squares were only there for twenty days, but in that time they produced enough power to make a TV work 1,400 hours! Imagine putting these squares under all the streets in Tokyo. One day, we may turn our streets into power stations!
We can also use body heat. Every day, 250,000 people use Stockholm’s Central Station. They eat and drink, carry heavy bags, and run to catch trains—and their bodies produce a lot of heat when they do these things. Inside the station, the heat is taken from the air and used to heat water for a nearby building.
It is a great way to get free energy—all you need is a lot of people.
8． What provides energy for the watches and small medical devices?
A．Electricity in batteries. B．Body movement.
C．Power stations. D．Body temperature.
9． The materials in the four squares produce electricity by changing the _________.
A．shape B．color C．weight D．direction
10． What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．The high temperature. B．The hot water service.
C．The use of body heat. D．The crowded station.
11． What can we learn from the passage?
A．People power is made good use of now.
B．It’s easy to turn streets into power stations.
C．The use of people power has a bright future.
D．The writer doubts the use of people power.
（2022·山东日照）After work, you go back home, open an app, place your order, and wait for your food to be delivered (投递) your home. This is how many young people eat in China these days. According to the latest report from the China Internet Network Information Center. 421 million Chinese people use online food delivery services. That’s just half of the total number of Internet users in China.
Which group of people is ordering food online the most? For sure, it is mainly young people. A recent report by Meituan, a food delivery service, showed that 86.3% of the service’s users are between 20 and 34 years old. These people are the main force driving the development of the food delivery industry.
Small families depend largely on food delivery services, Chinese families have changed in size over the past ten years. In 2002, only 7.7% of families have only one person. But this number increased to 15.6% in 2017. Two-person families rose from 18.4% in 2002 to 27.2% in 2017. For small families, cooking always takes a lot of time and energy, so ordering food online has become more popular.
The improvement of China’s food delivery services has also made more customers interested. According to Meituan’s report, the average (平均) time it takes to make a food delivery dropped from 38 minutes in 2016 to 29 minutes in 2020. Many delivery apps are also offering more services, delivering products such as fruit, vegetables, medicine and even flowers. As their services continue to improve, it’s certain that the food delivery industry will keep growing in the future.
12． The writer introduces the topic by _________.
A．giving an example B．telling a story
C．making a comparison D．answering a question
13． What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A．86.3% of Internet users order food online.
B．Food delivery has developed rapidly.
C．Food delivery is popular with young people.
D．Most Internet users like to order food on Meituan.
14． Why has ordering food online become more popular?
A．People are lazier than before. B．People aren’t good at cooking.
C．Families prefer different food. D．Families are becoming smaller.
15． What does the writer think of the food delivery industry?
A．It will be growing well. B．Its service badly needs improving.
C．It shouldn’t offer other services. D．Its development will slow down.
（2021·山东日照）Homestays are becoming more and more popular, and people around the world are offering their homes as hotels. Homestays offer cheap places to stay and the chance for guests to see the area like local people. " They are very popular with students who want to stay in another country and learn a language. We asked three families who run homestays to tell us about where they live.
The Atal familyOur family home is in the north of Nepal, in the Himalayan Mountains, in the village of Manang. The village is small and quiet. It is a very friendly place. The mountains are very beautiful.You can go for long walks and swim in the rivers, but there are no shops, cinemas or café.
Kate and Julian FoxtonOur two-bedroom house is by the sea in the southwest of England. It is 15 minutes' drive to the nearest village of Portreath. There are lots of beaches, rivers and forests, and it is very quiet. We spend a lot of time reading books, watching films and going for walks. Our area is great for sports like swimming and mountain biking. There are no buses or trains here, so it can be difficult to get around without a car.
Chafic and Aline HalwanyOur home is near the historic city center of Beirut, Lebanon, a large city in the Middle East. There are lots of cafe and restaurants, which are open late at night. We love it here because It's so friendly and you can always find what you need. Lots of people can come here to learn Arabic and French. There are also a lot of jobs and businesses here. However, it can be noisy at night and there is a lot of traffic during the day. The best thing about Beirut is the weather. It is nice all year round; it rains in the winter, but there is no snow.

16． Which of the following is TRUE about the Atal family?
A．It's near the sea B．It's in a historic center
C．It's in a noisy city D．It's in the mountainous areas
17． Staying at Kate and Julian Foxton, you can ________ .
A．go to shops, cinemas or café B．swim in the sea
C．take buses or trains around D．have nice weather all year round
18． If you want to learn French, which would you choose?
A．Kate and Julian Foxton. B．The Atal family.
C．Chafic and Aline Halwany. D．The village of Manang.
（2021·山东日照）“Late again, Mavis! How many times I have told you to come back in time to help me cook dinner?” asked Mrs. Muntari.   
“But, mummy, I can’t just walk out in the middle of a game!” said Mavis.
“You shouldn’t be playing the game in the first place.”
“But, mum, why can’t I? You never tell Adibe or Senze not to play football. I had to leave the game at half time and rush back so you wouldn’t get angry with me,”said Mavis.
“You are a girl! It is as simple as that. Boys and girls have different roles to play. I have 11 hungry mouths to feed and I need your help! You are the oldest girl not working, so it is your job to help me. That’s the way of our people. Now go and fry some more chicken.”
At the dinner table, Adibe and Senze were excitedly talking about today’s game, while eating the chicken Mavis had fried. They talked about how Mavis scored in the first half with a power shot from the halfway line. It was a great goal as their team was losing by 0-1 at that time.
Dad came home then and brought the boys a local newspaper, in which there was news about football scouts (球探) from England visiting Ghana (加纳). These scouts had asked to be allowed to visit schools to look for players of the future. Adibe and Senze looked at each other and cheered. “Wow, I’m going to be like Essien!” And they started arguing which one would make it as a superstar.
Mavis decided to take this chance. She stole out of home. When she arrived at the playground, one player happened to get injured (受伤) and the coach was worried. “I can take his place!” Mavis shouted. Though it was unbelievable to let a girl play, the coach agreed. During the second half, she made an amazing shot!
When the game was over, the scouts all stood up, cheering.
19． Why was Mrs. Muntari unhappy with Mavis?
A．Mavis didn’t like cooking B．Mavis’ team lost the game
C．Mavis arrived home late again D．Mavis left the game at half time
20． Mavis was not supported in playing football because _________.
A．she was a girl B．she wasn’t talented
C．she was too old D．her brothers did better
21． Mavis decided to ________ at the news about the scouts.
A．catch the scouts’ eyes B．get away from her home
C．become another Essien D．take the place of the injured
22． What’s the probable ending of the story?
A．Mavis had to find a job B．Mavis was chosen by the scouts
C．Mrs. Muntari said sorry to Mavis D．Mavis changed the woman’s role
（2021·山东日照）
Earthquake rescue (救援) robots experienced their final tests in Beijing. The inventors of this robot said with this robot, rescuers would be able to buy more time to save lives during an earthquake.
This kind of robot is able to fly. It’s about three meters long, and it took about four years to develop the model. Its main function is to collect information from the air and send goods of up to 30 kilos to people trapped (困住) by an earthquake. It has an excellent camera which can provide very clear pictures. It can work day and night, and is also able to send the latest pictures from the quake area.
Dr. Qi Juntong, a researcher from Tsinghua University, said, “The most important character of this flying robot is that it doesn’t need a control from faraway places. We just set in it the information of the places where it should go, and then it takes off, and lands by itself. It flies as high as 3000 meters, and as fast as 100 kilometers per hour.”
This robot has a different function — it can change as the environment changes. Its main job is to search for any signs of life in places where human rescuers are unable to go. The camera, also acting as a detector (探测器) that finds trapped people and detects harmful gases, is placed in the robot, which can work in the dark. With its 10-meter-long pipe in the robot, people who are trapped in the fallen buildings will be able to get supplies including oxygen (氧气) and water.
Experts have said that the robots would enter production and serve as part of the national earthquake rescue team as soon as possible.
23． In what way is the robot different from others, according to Dr. Qi?
A．It has a very special shape B．It is able to fly everywhere
C．It works with no information set in D．It doesn’t need a faraway control
24． Which is the function of the camera in the robot?
A．Detecting trapped people B．Dealing with harmful gases
C．Providing oxygen and water D．Sending goods to the quake area
25． Which of the following is TRUE about the robot?
A．It weighs about 30 kilos B．It has not been put into use
C．It works only in the daytime D．It entered production years ago
26． What does the passage mainly tell us?
A．Earthquake rescue B．The development of robots
C．Tests on a new robot D．An introduction to a robot
（2021·山东日照）A few years ago, my sister in-law started to feel worried about her teenage daughter. What was she doing after school? Where was she spending her time? Her daughter was an excellent student, and took part in all kinds of after-class activities. Even so, she decided to put a tracking (跟踪) app on the kid's phone.
At first, this made my sister-in-law “feel better”. Then the good situation suddenly ended, She recalled, “I found out that she was someplace that she said she wasn’t. I went out in the middle of the night and found her walking without shoes in the middle of the street with some friends,”Things went quickly downhill for the mother and the daughter after that.
With 83% of teens having their own phones now, according to a study in 2020, more and more of their parents are facing the question to watch or not?
Ann Homayoun, expert from Harford University, has advised many parents and their kids about this. “I’ve found tens are more acceptable to tracking apps when it is included as part of a family agreement to improve safety than when it is placed as a secret tool to watch them,” she said.
Mark Bell, a father of a teenage girl, said, “We don’t have tracking apps, but we have set some ground rules that my daughter must follow in exchange for us providing a phone,” he said. For example, his daughter must “friend” him on social media (媒体) so that he can read posts, and must share all passwords. When you’re trying to build trust, you need to create an environment that encourages it. So, to win their trust, you always need to be straight with your children,
“Parents must let children know how and when they’ll be watching them,” said Doctor White. “If they’re not open about it”, he warns, “it can greatly harm the parent and child relationship.”
27． What’s the result of the writer’s sister-in-law using the app?
A．She had more problems with her daughter.
B．She kept better relationship with her daughter.
C．She wasn't worried about her daughter any more.
D．She felt good with knowing her daughter's tracks.
28． What can we learn about today’s teens from Homayoun?
A．They doubt family agreements. B．They are worried about online safety.
C．They dislike being watched secretly. D．They welcome the use of tracking apps.
29． Why are Mark Bell and his daughter mentioned in Paragraph 5?
A．To explain how to use phones safely.
B．To teach how to put tracking apps on phones.
C．To show the importance of being children's friend.
D．To give an example of being straight with children.
30． What should parents do before using a tracking app according to Dr. White?
A．Check the kids’ phone.
B．Teach the kids how to use it.
C．Make it clear to the kids.
D．Make the kids open to parents.
（2020·山东日照）
kids' Summer JobsCamp Counselor (辅导员)
We are looking for people to join us as a camp counselor at Cuya Outdoor School. We connect children to science through nature. Our camp counselors are energetic and supportive, and more importantly, caring team members. This is an eight-hour everyday job in the ten-day-long program during the summer.
Hours: 9:00 a.m. ～5:00 p.m.Pay: $10 per hour
LEGO Engineering Instructor
Do you enjoy taking things apart and then putting them back together? If so, then this may be your dream job! We are looking for smart and creative LEGO engineering instructors.
Hours: 2:00 p.m.～5:00 p.m. Pay: $15 per hour
Teacher's Aide (助手)
We are looking for part-time teacher's aides for our Inspire Kids Pre-school in Newburgh. Teacher's aides need to prepare materials, help children finish activities and create a safe environment.
Hours: 8:00 a.m.～11:00 a.m.Pay: $100 per week
Summer Care Giver
I'm looking for someone careful and patient to watch my kids when I'm working from 11:00 a. m. to 3:00 p.m. I have a 7-year-old daughter, and a 5-year-old son. I am also asking you to prepare snacks and clean up the rooms.
Pay: $150 per week

31． How much can a camp counselor make in total?
A．$10. B．$100. C．$150. D．$800.
32． To be a LEGO engineering instructor, one has to be ________.
A．caring B．creative C．energetic D．patient
33． What does a teacher's aide need to do?
A．Help children do activities. B．Teach children science.
C．Play LEGO with children. D．Prepare snacks for children.
34． What summer job can Jerry apply for if he is free from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.?
A． Teacher's aide. B．Summer care giver.
C．Camp counselor. D．LEGO engineering instructor.
35． Where can you probably find this text?
A． On a website. B．In a dictionary.
C．In guide book. D．In a picture book.
（2020·山东日照）You might not think much about where your garbage goes. But now you might want to know. On July 1, Shanghai introduced a new garbage-sorting policy (垃圾分类政策). People there need to put different kinds of garbage into different bins. Other cities in China will do the same soon.
Garbage sorting is a big problem because there is too much garbage these days. It is bad for our environment. In fact, we can make use of some garbage again. But first, we need to sort it.
For example, if you put an old battery (电池) into the "harmful waste" bin, people can use it to make new batteries. But if you don't, the battery will end up somewhere else. Then, it will pollute the environment.
Garbage sorting and recycling around the world
Germany: There are big machines in supermarkets. You can put bottles in the machines and get money back.
Japan: A truck playing music comes to people's doors to pick up their garbage. There are eight or more kinds of garbage. If you sort any of them wrong, you will get a notice on your door.
Indonesia: People can take buses for free if they give plastic bottles to bus-stations. An hour-long bus ride costs three large bottles.
Four kinds of garbage in Shanghai
Recyclable garbage includes paper, books, plastic items, and glass bottles. Harmful garbage includes lamps, batteries, and other things with harmful chemicals (化学品). Wet garbage usually comes from the kitchen, such as food and vegetables. Dry garbage is anything you cannot put into the other three bins, pens and towels, for example.
36． What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A．Many countries take Shanghai's garbage-sorting policy.
B．Many other cities in China have garbage-sorting policies.
C．Shanghai is the first city in China to make a garbage-sorting policy.
D．China is the first country in the world to make a garbage-sorting policy.
37． The writer gives the "battery" example to tell us ________.
A．how to sort our garbage B．how important sorting is
C．what harmful waste is D．how difficult sorting is
38． If you ________, you can take a free bus ride in Indonesia.
A．put bottles in a machine B．take plastic bottles to the station
C．get a notice on, the door D．put garbage into different bins
39． Which bin should "newspapers" go to?
A． B．
C． D．
40． Which is the best title for the passage?
A．Sort Garbage, Save Earth B．Less Garbage, Cleaner Environment
C．Clean Shanghai, Beautiful China D．Different Countries, Different Policies
（2020·山东日照）A yearbook is a tradition of high school life in the United States. The book contains (包含) the name, photo, and signature (签名) of each student in your final year, so that you can remember who you went to school with. A 15-year-old girl Catherine Cook and her brother David wanted more than this. They thought, "Why not have a yearbook online? You could learn about people's                    music tastes, the movies they like, and so on."
Catherine thought of the name—myYearbook.com, and the logo (图标). To advertise the site. Catherine and David wore T-shirts with the site logo to school and soon hundreds of their schoolmates became users of the site. She spent many evenings talking on the phone to programmers in India, and collecting ideas from her schoolmates. Then her older brother Geoff came up with the money to start up the website.
My Yearbook users can join in the fun by sending messages and "collecting" friends. They can watch the same videos from films and TV programs, and share music, photos, homework and study guides. Some teens feel they can't make friends more easily online. Chatting online helps some shy people not to feel left out.
Users can also make "Lunch Money" by doing activities on the site. They can then spend their Lunch Money on gifts, or donate (捐赠) it to charities. They have saved 0.3 km2of rainforest, cleaned up million kg of CO2, sent 22,000 books to Africa, and bought 20,000 kg of rice for people without enough food.
Running the website did not stop Catherine and David from finishing their schoolwork successfully, and going on to university where they still spent 50 hours a week on the site.
41． Who got the idea of setting up myYearbook.com?
A．Geoff. B．Catherine and David. C．A US high school. D．Indian programmers.
42． How did Catherine and David get their schoolmates to know the site?
A． They advertised the site through videos.
B．They offered chances to make money.
C．They made a phone call to every student.
D．They wore T-shirts with the site logo to school.
43． MyYearbook.com is set up to help users ________.
A． remember the school B．run a site
C．learn more about each other D．make money
44． Which of the following is NOT true about "Lunch Money"?
A． It can be donated to charities.
B．It can be used to help people.
C．It can be made by doing activities at school.
D．It can be used to protect the environment.
45． What is the text mainly about?
A．The Cooks. B．A yearbook online. C．Lunch Money. D．US high school life.
（2020·山东日照）
Mobile phones are one of the most useful inventions of the last 50 years, but not everything that is said about them is good. Mobiles are often believed to be the cause of a number of things from poor eyesight and headaches to house fires. There's even one theory that mobile phones should be responsible for the disappearance of bees!
The theory is that the radiation (辐射) given off by mobile phones does great harm to bees' navigation systems (导航系统). Bees have built-in system a bit like GPS and this helps them find their way back to their hives. But recently, thousands of bees have failed to find their way home. It is believed they are dying far from their hives.
The problem was first noticed by beekeepers in America and is a lot more serious than it at first seems. The important thing about bees is that most of the crops in many countries of the world are pollinated by them. Without bees, the crops can't continue to grow. Many beekeepers in Europe have reported losing between 50 and 70 percent of their bees. Jim Piper, London beekeeper, said to the reporter, "My business is becoming worse. Twenty-nine of my forty hives are now empty."
Nobody knows for sure whether the theory is true or not, but it's a fact that bees are disappearing in very large numbers. And we can't manage without them. Einstein said that if all our bees disappeared, man would only live for four more years! If the mobile phone theory is correct, we need to do something about it right now—before it's too late.
46． What might be caused by mobiles according to Paragraph 1?
A． Poor listening. B．The forest fires.
C．The disappearance of bees. D．Terrible toothache.
47． What does the theory in the passage say?
A．Bees have GPS inside their bodies. B．Mobiles have an influence on bees' hives.
C．The radiation makes bees unable to fly. D．The radiation makes bees lose their way home.
48． The underlined word "pollinate" probably means "________" in Chinese.
A．授粉 B．污染 C．啃食 D．催熟
49． What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us?
A． Crops will stop growing.
B．Beekeepers' business is getting worse.
C．Bees' disappearing is a serious problem.
D．Beekeepers in Europe found the problem first.
50． The author wrote this passage to ________.
A． call on people to help beekeepers
B．show how a bee's built-in system works
C．ask people to stop using mobiles right away
D．warn people of the possible harm mobiles do to bees
二、 阅读回答问题
（2022·山东日照）阅读下面短文，回答短文后面的各个小题。

Anne of Green Gables has been a favorite book of teenagers all over the world since it came out in 1908. What it teaches us is simple: How to grow up to be a happy and useful person.
Anne is an 11-year-old orphan who arrives in the town of Avonlea, Canada. She helps Mathew and Marilla Cuthbert, a brother and sister, on their farm.
At first, Mathew and Marilla hope to adopt (收养) a boy, not a thin girl. Will she be of any use on the farm? It seems unlikely: Anne is very imaginative, talkative and easily distracted (分心的). That’s not what is needed on a farm.
And yet, Annie proves (证明) that she can actually be useful. She works really hard. But she doesn’t lose her great sense of fun and this is why readers love the story. She doesn’t become “a good girl”, if “good girl” means knowing only how to work and live unhappily. We see Anne’s love for life everywhere. She knows how to enjoy herself, whether it’s by eating ice cream or trying on a new dress.
Many stories for children are written to tell them how to be good. Usually, it means doing one’s duty (责任) and not having any fun. But that’s not the kind of story Canadian author Lucy Maud Montgomery wanted to tell. The book gives readers a helping hand rather than try to scare them into being “good” girls and boys.
51． When was the book first printed?
___________________________________________________
52． Why do the brother and sister dislike Anne at first?
___________________________________________________
53． How does Ann prove herself on the farm?
___________________________________________________
54． What is a usual “good girl” like in the passage?
___________________________________________________
55． What does the writer of the passage think of the book?
___________________________________________________
（2021·山东日照）阅读下面短文，回答短文后面的各个小题。
Farmer Pak Sadiman has made it his task to do something about Central Java’s water shortage problem, little by little.
He has changed his dry village into a place rich in ground water by planting trees on nearby land for the last 19 years, and he is encouraging others to join in, too.
Sadiman realized that the land was in need of some water when the Gendol River - previously (以前) the source of water for villagers — was quickly drying up: Even rubber trees, the local people’s main source of income (收入来源), were so dry that they could no longer produce rubber latex (橡胶乳). It was then that Sadiman took action so that his children and grandchildren could take advantage of the planted trees,
“Banyan (榕树) trees, unlike rubber trees, can keep groundwater. The more banyan trees are planted, the more clean water villagers will get,” he thought. Although he went through a hard time, the farmer never became discouraged from achieving his goal — providing his village with a clean water source.
He’s planted at least 11,000 trees over the last 19 years, and his village seems to have escaped from the dry season. Villagers have joined in Sadiman’s efforts and worked alongside him to plant the trees. “Pak Sadiman is our hero. This village used to fight with water shortage, but now we have enough water because of him,” said the head of the village.
Sadiman said as long as he’s healthy, he’ll continue to plant trees to help provide clean water for his villagers.
56． What problem did the village have?
_________________________________________________________
57． What did Sadiman do to solve the problem?
_________________________________________________________
58． How long had Sadiman been working on the task?
_________________________________________________________
59． What does the underlined words “escape from” in Paragraph 5 mean?
_________________________________________________________
60． What do you think of Sadiman?
_________________________________________________________
（2020·山东日照）Erin, an American woman, was born in Kansas. In 1990, when she was thirty years old, she was in a car accident. A law company helped her after the accident, and later she started to work for them.
Her job was to organize papers. One day Erin realized that there were lots of papers about some very sick people in a place called Hinkley. She started to look for more information about the town.
Erin worked very hard for five years. She visited lots of sick people in Hinkley and listened to their stories. All the people lived near a big factory and she discovered that there was a chemical called chromium in the local water. It was from the factory. Erin believed that the people were sick because of the chromium in their drinking water. She planned to help them.
Erin started law case(官司) against the factory. The factory didn’t agree that the people were ill because of the water, but in 1996 the judge(法官) ordered the factory to pay the people in Hinkley $500,000 each (there were about 600 sick people, so that was $333 million in total).
In 2000, there was a film about Erin, and it was very successful. Now Erin is famous — she has her own company and she gives talks all over the world.
61． What was Erin’s job in the law company?
_____________________________________
62． How long did it take her to look for the information about Hinkley?
_____________________________________
63． What did she find in the local water?
_____________________________________
64． What conclusion did she come to from her research?
_____________________________________
65． What did she do to help the sick people?
_____________________________________


参考答案：
1． A
2． B
3． A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了不同国家卖巧克力的特色博物馆。
1． 细节理解题。根据“You get a good ticket when you arrive—it is a bar of chocolate and you can eat it while you are walking around”可知，这张票是由巧克力制作的，故选A。
2． 细节理解题。根据“Prague, Czech”及“At the museum, you can try making a picture yourself”可知，在布拉格可以尝试自己做一张图片，故选B。
3． 细节理解题。根据“People sit in little cars to move from room to room, and on the journey they learn all about Hershey’s chocolate”可知，人们在这个博物馆可以体验到特别的“旅行”，故选A。
4． D
5． C
6． D
7． B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了作者有了一个小两岁的妹妹，两个人做了不应该做的事，总是作者背黑锅，因为一件小事作者离家出走，妈妈的一席话打消了作者的念头，从此即使与妹妹有小矛盾也能处理好。
4． 推理判断题。根据“Every time we did something that we shouldn’t do, I got into more trouble. It seemed everybody paid attention to her”及“Going back with my new-found information, I asked my mother to make a change and she said no”可知，作者因为受到不公平待遇所以离家出走，故选D。
5． 细节理解题。根据““Are you going to Grandma Sylvia’s?” I couldn’t believe she would know this. She was like a witch”可知，妈妈知道作者要去祖母家，所以作者认为妈妈就像一个女巫一样，故选C。
6． 推理判断题。根据“tomorrow I’ll call the orphanage (孤儿院) and send her away”及“Mum always answers in the same way, “You had your chance.””可知，这里的“机会”说的是前文交代的作者的妈妈故意提议把妹妹送到孤儿院，其实妈妈这句话的含义是影射作者要友好地跟妹妹相处，故选D。
7． 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，妈妈故意提议把妹妹送到孤儿院，慢慢地打消了作者觉得自己受到不公平待遇的想法，并且能够学会友好地与妹妹相处，由此可见妈妈是一个明智的人，故选B。
8． B
9． A
10． C
11． C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了得到免费能源的几种方式。
8． 细节理解题。根据“When you do some running, you have a lot of energy which comes from the movement of your body”及“We already have watches and small medical devises (设备) which can use energy that we make when we move”可知，身体移动时获得的能量给它们提供能量，故选B。
9． 细节理解题。根据“The squares were made of special materials that make electricity when they change shape”可知，改变形状时产生电，故选A。
10． 主旨大意题。根据“We can also use body heat”可知，本段主要介绍了身体热量的用处，故选C。
11． 推理判断题。根据“It is a great way to get free energy—all you need is a lot of people.”可知，作者认为这是免费获取能量的好方法，只需要许多人就可以做到，由此可推断作者对于人体能量使用的发展抱有很大希望，故选C。
12． A
13． C
14． D
15． A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要向大家介绍了中国的食品配送行业的相关情况。
12． 推理判断题。根据“After work, you go back home, open an app, place your order, and wait for your food to be delivered (投递) your home”可知，作者通过举例的方式引出主题，故选A。
13． 主旨大意题。根据“Which group of people is ordering food online the most? For sure, it is mainly young people”可知，第二段主要介绍了在网上订餐最多的人群是年轻人，故选C。
14． 推理判断题。根据“Small families depend largely on food delivery services, Chinese families have changed in size over the past ten years”及“For small families, cooking always takes a lot of time and energy, so ordering food online has become more popular”可知，对于小家庭来说，网上订餐更受欢迎，而在过去几年小家庭的数量增长了许多，由此可知是因为家庭规模变得越来越小，所以网上订餐越来越受欢迎，故选D。
15． 推理判断题。根据“As their services continue to improve, it’s certain that the food delivery industry will keep growing in the future”可知，作者认为外卖行业将在未来持续增长，故选A。
16． D
17． B
18． C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了三个家庭寄宿的地方，介绍了各自地特色和可以在那里进行的活动。
16． 细节理解题。根据“The mountains are very beautiful”可知“The Atal family”是在山区。D选项表述正确。故选D。
17． 细节理解题。根据 “There are lots of beaches”及“Our area is great for sports like swimming”可知有海，可以游泳。B选项“在海里游泳”符合。故选B。
18． 细节理解题。根据“Chafic and Aline Halwany …Lots of people can come here to learn Arabic and French”可知可以在“Chafic and Aline Halwany”学习法语。故选C。
19． C
20． A
21． A
22． B
【解析】
【分析】
文章讲述了女孩梅维斯喜欢足球，并且踢得很棒，但是家人认为女孩应该在家里帮着做家务，看着其它男孩子们尽情踢足球，梅维丝想要抓住球探寻求未来球星的机会去踢足球的故事。
19． 细节理解题。根据“ “Late again, Mavis! How many times I have told you to come back in time to help me cook dinner?” asked Mrs. Muntari.”可知，因为梅维斯又回来晚了，所以她妈妈生气，故选C。
20． 细节理解题。根据“You are a girl! It is as simple as that. Boys and girls have different roles to play.”可知，因为她是个女孩，所以家人不支持她踢球，故选A。
21． 细节理解题。根据“Mavis decided to take this chance. She stole out of home.”可知，梅维斯想要抓住这次机会，想要在比赛中吸引球探们的注意，故选A。
22． 推理判断题。根据“During the second half, she made an amazing shot! When the game was over, the scouts all stood up, cheering.”可以推断出，因为梅维斯的精彩表现，最后她应该被球探们选中了，故选B。
23． D
24． A
25． B
26． D
【解析】
【分析】
文章介绍了有关地震救援机器人的一些情况。
23． 细节理解题。根据“Dr. Qi Juntong, a researcher from Tsinghua University, said, “The most important character of this flying robot is that it doesn’t need a control from faraway places.”可知，祁博士认为，这个机器人与其他不同的地方是它不需要远程遥控，故选D。
24． 细节理解题。根据“The camera, also acting as a detector (探测器) that finds trapped people and detects harmful gases”可知，机器人中的摄像机就像探测器，用来发现被困人员和检测有害气体，故选A。
25． 推理判断题。根据“Earthquake rescue (救援) robots experienced their final tests in Beijing.”以及“Experts have said that the robots would enter production and serve as part of the national earthquake rescue team as soon as possible.”可知，这种机器人还没有投入使用，故选B。
26． 主旨大意题。根据“Earthquake rescue (救援) robots experienced their final tests in Beijing. The inventors of this robot said with this robot, rescuers would be able to buy more time to save lives during an earthquake.”以及整个文章的理解可知，文章主要是介绍地震救援机器人的一些情况，故选D。
27． A
28． C
29． D
30． C
【解析】
【分析】
本文通过作者嫂子和女儿的例子，建议父母在使用追踪应用程序前，应该跟孩子说明白。
27． 细节理解题。由第二段句子“Things went quickly downhill for the mother and the daughter after that.”可知，作者的嫂子在使用了这个应用程序后，和女儿之间的关系变糟了，故选A。
28． 推理判断题。由第四段句子“I’ve found tens are more acceptable to tracking apps when it is included as part of a family agreement to improve safety than when it is placed as a secret tool to watch them”可知，青少年不喜欢被暗中监视，故选C。
29． 推理判断题。阅读第五段和句子“So, to win their trust, you always need to be straight with your children”可知，马克·贝尔和女儿建立了一些规则，他的女儿必须在社交媒体上加他为好友，这样他才能阅读帖子，而且必须分享所有的密码，所以提到马克 ·贝尔和女儿是举了一个对孩子坦诚的例子，故选D。
30． 推理判断题。由最后一段句子“Parents must let children know how and when they'll be watching them”可知，父母在使用追踪应用程序前，应该跟孩子说明白，故选C。
31． D
32． B
33． A
34． B
35． A
【解析】
【分析】
本文介绍了孩子们的暑假工作招聘广告：辅导员，乐高工程教员，教师助手和暑假关爱者。
31． 推理判断题。根据“This is an eight-hour everyday job in the ten-day-long program during the summer.”和“ Pay: $10 per hour”可知，夏令营辅导员，每小时10美元，每天工作8小时，一共10天，因此可以挣10×8×10=800美元，故选D。
32． 细节理解题。根据“We are looking for smart and creative LEGO engineering instructors.”可知，要想成为一个乐高工程教员，需要聪明和有创造力，故选B。
33． 细节理解题。根据“eacher's aides need to prepare materials, help children finish activities and create a safe environment.”可知，老师的助手需要准备材料，帮助孩子完成活动，创造一个安全的环境。故选A。
34． 推理判断题。根据“Summer Care Giver，I'm looking for someone careful and patient to watch my kids when I'm working from 11:00 a. m. to 3:00 p.m.”可知，如果Jerry上午10点到下午4点有空，她可以申请夏季关爱者，故选B。
35． 推理判断题。根据“Kids' Summer Jobs”可知，此处是工作招聘的广告，因此会在网站上看到，故选A。
36． C
37． B
38． B
39． B
40． A
【解析】
【分析】
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了垃圾分类的原因，并介绍了世界部分国家和地区的垃圾分类和回收。通过垃圾分类，拯救我们的地球。
36． 推理判断题。根据On July 1, Shanghai introduced a new garbage-sorting policy. People there need to put different kinds of garbage into different bins. Other cities in China will do the same soon. 7月1日，上海出台了一项新的垃圾分类政策。那里的人们需要把不同种类的垃圾放进不同的垃圾箱。中国的其他城市很快也会这么做。由此可以推断，上海是中国第一个制定垃圾分类政策的城市，故选C。
37． 推理判断题。根据For example, if you put an old battery into the "harmful waste" bin, people can use it to make new batteries. But if you don't, the battery will end up somewhere else. Then, it will pollute the environment. 例如，如果你把一个旧电池放入“有害废物”箱，人们可以用它来制造新电池。但如果你不这样做，电池就会被扔到别的地方。然后，它会污染环境。由此可知，作者举电池的例子，是为了告诉我们垃圾分类的重要性，故选B。
38． 细节理解题。根据Indonesia: People can take buses for free if they give plastic bottles to bus-stations，可知，在印度尼西亚，如果给公交车站送塑料瓶，人们可以免费乘坐公共汽车，故选B。
39． 理解判断题。根据Recyclable garbage includes paper, books, plastic items, and glass bottles. 可回收垃圾包括纸张、书籍、塑料和玻璃瓶。“newspapers报纸”属于纸张，应该放在可回收利用的垃圾箱，结合选项，可知B选项是可回收利用的垃圾箱，故选B。
40． 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了垃圾分类的原因，并介绍了世界部分国家和地区的垃圾分类和回收。告诉人们通过垃圾分类，来拯救我们的地球。结合选项，可知A选项Sort Garbage, Save Earth“垃圾分类，拯救地球”符合题意，故选A。
41． B
42． D
43． C
44． C
45． B
【解析】
【分析】
本文讲述了凯瑟琳和她的哥哥戴维创建了一个名叫“myYearbook.com”的网站，在这上面可以观看视频，分享照片，音乐，作业等，在网站上完成活动来获得的“午餐钱”可以用来帮助人们或保护环境。
41． 细节理解题。根据A 15-year-old girl Catherine Cook and her brother David wanted more than this. They thought…及Catherine thought of the name—myYearbook.com, and the logo，可知，15岁的凯瑟琳和她的哥哥有了创建“myYearbook.com”这个网站的想法。故选B。
42． 细节理解题。根据Catherine and David wore T-shirts with the site logo to school and soon hundreds of their schoolmates became users of the site，可知，凯瑟琳和戴维穿着带有网站标识的T恤去学校，这样很多同学知道了这个网站。故选D。
43． 细节理解题。根据My Yearbook users can join in the fun by sending messages and "collecting" friends及Chatting online helps some shy people not to feel left out，可知，这个网站的用户通过发送短信和“收集”朋友来加入这个乐趣，这样可以更加方便了解彼此，帮助害羞的人们不感到被冷落。故选C。
44． 推理判断题。根据They can then spend their Lunch Money on gifts, or donate (捐赠) it to charities，可知，“午餐钱”可以捐赠给慈善机构，所以A选项正确。根据They have saved 0.3 km2of rainforest, cleaned up million kg of CO2, sent 22,000 books to Africa, and bought 20,000 kg of rice for people without enough food，可知，他们不但帮助了人们也保护了环境，所以B和D选项正确。根据Users can also make "Lunch Money" by doing activities on the site，可知，“午餐钱”可以通过在这个网站完成活动来获得，所以C选项错误。故选C。
45． 主旨大意题。通读全文，可知，本文主要讲述了凯瑟琳和她的哥哥戴维创建了一个名叫“myYearbook.com”这个网站，在这上面可以观看视频，分享照片，音乐，作业等，在网站上完成活动来获得的“午餐钱”可以用来帮助人们或保护环境。故选B。
46． C
47． D
48． A
49． C
50． D
【解析】
【分析】
本文介绍了由于手机的辐射对蜜蜂的导航系统有害，导致很多蜜蜂找不到回家的路。
46． 细节理解题。根据“There's even one theory that mobile phones should be responsible for the disappearance of bees!”可知，蜜蜂的消失可能是由手机导致的，故选C。
47． 推理判断题。根据“The theory is that the radiation (辐射) given off by mobile phones does great harm to bees' navigation systems (导航系统). ”和“ But recently, thousands of bees have failed to find their way home.”可知，这个理论说手机的辐射让蜜蜂找不到回家的路，故选D。
48． 词义猜测题。pollinate授粉，pollute污染 ，gnaw啃食，ripen催熟。根据“Without bees, the crops can't continue to grow.”可知，没有蜜蜂，庄稼无法继续生长，因此蜜蜂帮助庄稼授粉，故选A。
49． 主旨大意题。根据“The problem was first noticed by beekeepers in America and is a lot more serious than it at first seems. ”可知，第三段主要告诉我们，蜜蜂的消失是一个严重的问题，故选B。
50． 推理判断题。根据“There's even one theory that mobile phones should be responsible for the disappearance of bees!”可知，本文警告人们手机对蜜蜂可能造成的伤害，故选D。
51． In 1908.
52． Because Anne is very imaginative, talkative and easily distracted.
53． She works really hard and she doesn’t lose her great sense of fun.
54． It means knowing only how to work and live unhappily.
55． He thinks that the book gives readers a helping hand rather than try to scare them into being “good” girls and boys.
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了一本很受欢迎的书《绿山墙的安妮》，这本书教给我们一个很简单的道理：如何成长为一个快乐而有用的人。
51． 根据“Anne of Green Gables has been a favorite book of teenagers all over the world since it came out in 1908”可知，这本书是在1908年出版，故填In 1908.
52． 根据“It seems unlikely: Anne is very imaginative, talkative and easily distracted”可知，因为安妮很有想象力，健谈，而且很容易分心，故填Because Anne is very imaginative, talkative and easily distracted.
53． 根据“She works really hard. But she doesn’t lose her great sense of fun and this is why readers love the story”可知，她工作很努力同时又没有失去她的幽默感，故填She works really hard and she doesn’t lose her great sense of fun.
54． 根据“if “good girl” means knowing only how to work and live unhappily”可知，“好女孩”通常意味着只知道如何不快乐地工作和生活，故填It means knowing only how to work and live unhappily.
55． 根据“The book gives readers a helping hand rather than try to scare them into being “good” girls and boys.”可知，作者认为这本书给了读者更多的帮助，而不是试图吓唬他们成为“好”女孩和男孩，故填He thinks that the book gives readers a helping hand rather than try to scare them into being “good” girls and boys.
56． Water shortage./The village was short of water./The villagers suffered from drought.
57． (He solved the problem) by planting a large number of Banyan trees. Besides, he encouraged other villagers to join in the task.
58． For 19 years.
59． get rid of/stay away from/be free from/摆脱；免遭；避免
60． He is a hero/wise man./He is a common man with perseverance/a determined mind./He is unselfish./He is hardworking.
【解析】
【分析】
文章主要介绍了农民Pak Sadiman多年来坚持种树，解决干旱问题，造福后代的故事。
56． 根据“Farmer Pak Sadiman has made it his task to do something about Central Java’s water shortage problem, little by little.”以及“This village used to fight with water shortage”可知，村庄的问题是缺水，村民们常年遭受旱灾，故填Water shortage./The village was short of water./The villagers suffered from drought.
57． 根据“...The more banyan trees are planted, the more clean water villagers will get...the farmer never became discouraged from achieving his goal — providing his village with a clean water source.”以及“...Villagers have joined in Sadiman’s efforts and worked alongside him to plant the trees”可知，他通过种植榕树并鼓励村们们一起加入他，来解决这个水的问题，故填(He solved the problem) by planting a large number of Banyan trees. Besides, he encouraged other villagers to join in the task.
58． 根据“He’s planted at least 11,000 trees over the last 19 years”可知，他从事这项任务已有19年了，故填For 19 years.
59． 根据“his village seems to have escaped from the dry season.”以及“but now we have enough water because of him”可知，村民们远离了干旱的季节，短语“escaped from”指的是“摆脱；免遭；避免”，故填get rid of/stay away from/be free from/摆脱；免遭；避免。
60． 根据整个文章的描述可知，主要是讲述农民Pak Sadiman多年来坚持种树，解决干旱问题，造福后代的故事，他是一个勤劳的、无私的、有毅力的人，他是村民心中的英雄，故填He is a hero/wise man./He is a common man with perseverance/a determined mind./He is unselfish./He is hardworking.
61． Her job was to organize papers.
62． Five years.
63． She discovered that there was a chemical called chromium in the local water.
64． People were sick because of the chromium in their drinking water.
65． She started law case against the factory.
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了艾琳为工厂排污废水的受害者打官司的故事。
61． 题意：艾琳在法律公司的工作是什么？
根据原文Her job was to organize papers可知，艾琳在法律公司的工作是整理资料。故答案为Her job was to organize papers.
62． 题意：她花了多长时间来寻找关于欣克利这个地方的资料？
根据原文Erin worked very hard for five years. She visited lots of sick people in Hinkley and listened to their stories可知，艾琳用了5年时间来搜集欣克利这个地方的资料。故答案为Five years.
63． 题意：她在当地的水里发现了什么？
根据原文All the people lived near a big factory and she discovered that there was a chemical called chromium in the local water可知，她在当地的水里发现了一种叫做铬的化学物质。故答案为She discovered that there was a chemical called chromium in the local water.
64． 题意：她从研究中得出了什么结论？
根据原文Erin believed that the people were sick because of the chromium in their drinking water可知，艾琳认为是饮用水中出现的铬导致当地人生病的。故答案为People were sick because of the chromium in their drinking water.
65． 题意：她做了什么来帮助那些生了病的人？
根据原文Erin started law case(官司) against the factory可知，艾琳起诉了这家工厂来为生病的人们索赔。故答案为She started law case against the factory.