2023年新教材高考英语一轮复习Unit5阅读理解题组__练速度含解析外研版必修第二册

Unit5阅读理解题组——练速度

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Brazilians love to throw a party,as can be seen with their world-famous annual carnival.However,there are also several other fun festivals throughout the year in Brazil.

Oktoberfest

The Germanic roots of the south of Brazil brought this traditional German festival to Brazil,where it has become one of the most popular beer festivals in the country.Held in the middle of October every year in Blumenau,the two-week festival celebrates typical German cuisine and plenty of beer.There are also traditional folk costumes that most people wear with great enthusiasm and lots of singing,dancing and street parties.

FestaJunina

Festa Junina is celebrated all over Brazil for the entire month of June as an annual celebration of Saint John.It celebrates country life with typical clothes,food and dances inside a large tent made of raw materials,with decorations such as colored flags,changeable table cloths and balloons.The most common clothes are changeable shirts and straw hats with painted spots on the face.The dance is like square dancing and the food is one of the best parts of the party.

FestivaldeCachaca

Held in the town of Paraty is the annual Festival de Cachaca which is dedicated to cachaca,the national alcohol made from sugar cane.This festival gives you the chance to try cachaca.Held over a long weekend in August,there are shows of samba and food trucks.It’s also a great opportunity to get to know the beautiful town of Paraty.

ParintinsFolkloreFestival

The festival held annually in Parintins is the second largest in Brazil after carnival.It goes over a period of three days at the end of June and celebrates the Amazonian legend of a resurrected (复活的)ox.The main attraction of the festival is the competition between the two teams Garantido and Caprichoso that compete to retell the story of the ox through a mix of dances and singing.

1.Which festival lasts the longest time?

A.Oktoberfest.

B.Festa Junina.

C.Festival de Cachaca.

D.Parintins Folklore Festival.

2.What can you do if you attend the festival held in Blumenau?

A.Watch shows of samba.

B.Listen to the story of an ox.

C.Taste the Brazilian national alcohol.

D.Witness people dressed in traditional costumes.

3.What do the four festivals have in common?

A.They are all yearly activities.

B.They all enjoy global popularity.

C.They all concentrate on food and dances.

D.They are all in celebration of famous people.

B

Beijing is no stranger to Western food.American restaurants like McDonald’s and KFC have brought more Western dishes to the local food scene in recent years.Now,two new restaurants have joined them.

In August,Taco Bell and Shake Shack opened their doors to eager customers in Beijing.Taco Bell is a popular American fast food restaurant that features Mexican food.Hard and soft-shell tacos are a staple of the menu;they are generally served with beef,lettuce and tomato.And of course there are burritos—chicken,beef or beans wrapped in a tortilla(墨西哥薄馅饼).However,there are new menu items that are special to the Beijing location,such as the Yang Berry Freeze and Avocado Oolong Tea.

Shake Shack,known for its traditional American-style hamburgers and milkshakes,is also serving up dishes that won’t be found in branches outside of the capital.Harry Wang,who studied in the US,visited the restaurant soon after it opened.“The last time I had Shake Shack was more than a year ago when I was in the United States.” Wang said,“The food is pretty similar to what we had in the United States,but there is a milkshake exclusive to Beijing.”

The milkshake Wang referred to is the Hutong Hawthorn.The shake mixes hawthorn,a traditional Chinese snack,into a milkshake,a common ice cream drink in Western fast food.The Beijing Shake Shack also offers roasted chestnut ice cream.

Both restaurants also reflect elements of Chinese culture in their decorations.Shake Shack’s windows feature cartoons showing hutong life,and Taco Bell has a picture of a palace from the Temple of Heaven on one of its walls.

From the design to the menus,the two restaurants are “adding a touch of local flavor”,noted ChinaNews.

4.Why are McDonald’s and KFC mentioned in the first paragraph?

A.To show the popularity of Western food in Beijing.

B.To lead to the topic of new Western restaurants in Beijing.

C.To compare the differences between McDonald’s and KFC.

D.To express the author’s personal love for Western food.

5.What can we know about Taco Bell?

A.It is a traditional Mexican restaurant.

B.It has the same menu around the world.

C.It is a popular Mexican food restaurant in China.

D.It is a fast food restaurant serving Mexican food.

6.What does the underlined word “exclusive” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A.Special. B.Ordinary.

C.Important. D.Acceptable.

7.What does the article tell us about Taco Bell and Shake Shack?

A.They try to keep the original characteristics in all locations.

B.They will probably have more customers than KFC.

C.They make changes to the menu for Chinese people’s tastes.

D.They like to work together with Chinese restaurants.

C

CHICAGO,Illinois—Students shouted,hugged and cried tears of joy recently as they played with certified therapy dogs (获得认证的治疗犬) at Lane Tech College Prep,an activity designed as a break from the demands of preparing for final exams.

This is the second year the dogs and volunteers have been brought into the school from Chicago-based Canine Therapy Corps to provide much-needed relief for stressed or anxious kids.

“It’s stressful around the time of finals,” Assistant Principal Sarah Hanly said,adding that this week students are turning in final projects,reviewing and studying for next week’s exams.

It seemed to do the trick.Shouts and cheers went up from a group of students as they met Waffles,an 85-pound dog,and rushed to put their hands on his fur.

Junior Sophie Cohen sat next to Waffles,petting him and chatting with her friends and Waffles’ owner.She said she had just been talking to her friend about how stressed out she was over finals.“Just the idea of having a dog in school is good because the school environment is just about stress,” she said.“And then here is this dog.You get a break.”

Monica Synecky,Waffles’ owner and a volunteer with Canine Therapy Corps,said she often took her dog to visit high school students around finals time.“This age group benefits really well from just the presence of Waffles or other certified therapy dogs,” she said.

Therapy dogs must be properly trained and pass a test before they become certified,said Ann Davidson,operations manager at Canine Therapy Corps.

“Taking breaks is one of several tools students can use to manage stress or anxiety,” said Jacqueline Rhew,a registered clinical professional consultant.Rhew also said,“Trained dogs help students put academic stress into perspective.” When students don’t properly manage stress,it can turn into troubling anxiety.

Juniors Jennifer Giraldo and Anastasia Ramirez hugged and laughed as they took turns with their classmates,giving Luna,a Portuguese water dog,commands to sit,lie down and roll over.“I was stressed all third and fourth periods,and then people were talking about the dogs,” said Ramirez,who decided to wait in line with Giraldo to see the dogs herself.“Now I feel better.”

8.How did the students feel when they met the dogs?

A.Calm. B.Sad. 

C.Excited. D.Tired.

9.What do we know about Monica Synecky?

A.She suffered great pressure in school.

B.She was glad that Waffles could help.

C.She was a registered clinical consultant.

D.She founded Canine Therapy Corps.

10.What might Rhew agree on?

A.Indoor cats can greatly reduce students’ stress.

B.Students’ stress is gradually disappearing.

C.Students can handle stress with different tools.

D.Dogs help students shoulder responsibility.

11.What’s the main idea of the passage?

A.Therapy dogs ease students’ stress before exams.

B.Therapy dogs improve students’ mental health.

C.Therapy dogs prepare students for challenges.

D.Therapy dogs work as volunteers in school.

D

It is not to be underestimated the technological advancement 3D printing has given to the world.With the total number of 3D printers sold tripling from 2014 to 2017 and still growing fast,it is predicted that the 3D printing market will be worth around $30 billion by as early as 2022.

3D printing has the ability to replicate (仿制) almost anything and is regarded as one of the more promising and wide-reaching technologies,likely to change our world forever.From healthcare to construction,food to art,3D printing is playing an ever-growing part in our lives.

Scientists in the healthcare industry are already able to create prosthetics (假体),costing far less than their traditional counterparts (对应物).Both cost-saving and improved production has enabled changes to many more lives than has been possible previously.The ability to create artificial organs for transplant patients has already saved countless lives and is opening up previously unimaginable possibilities in the medical world.It seems that we could see a revolutionary new approach to our medical care and survival rates.

In fact,futurists believe that we are likely to live to over 100 and this will be a completely different experience for us than today.With technology already capable of printing skin,replicating a beating heart and layer by layer limb replacements already theoretically possible,we could find ourselves with a total 3D rebuilding keeping us alive for longer.

Many traditional methods of building and manufacturing will become disused.With companies turning to 3D printing as the more effective method for producing their previously manual labour-intensive parts,it is enabling them to repair and recreate disused machine parts and to review their product designs in a way previously not possible.

With 3D printers able to build entire houses more cheaply and less labour-intensive than traditional methods,we could find ourselves some years down the line looking at entire 3D created towns and cities.

12.What can we infer from Paragraph 1 and Paragraph 2?

A.3D printers are becoming more and more expensive.

B.3D printing has a negative effect on economic development.

C.3D printing is the most important technology in modern society.

D.3D printing is becoming increasingly important in different fields.

13.What is the advantage of prosthetics?

A.Lower price. B.Smaller size.

C.Lighter weight. D.More natural.

14.What is the futurists’ idea towards 3D printing?

A.3D printing makes everything possible.

B.3D printing may help people live longer.

C.3D printing is helpful to people over 100.

D.3D printing makes people’s lives completely different.

15.What may be the best title for the passage?

A.How to Operate a 3D Printer

B.How 3D Printing Was Invented

C.How 3D Printing Will Change the World

D.How 3D Printing Will Influence the Market

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

The running of the bulls is a Spanish tradition in Pamplona.It starts on July 6th exactly at midday when the mayor of Pamplona shoots a rocket.　1　 The participants are usually dressed in white and wear red neckerchiefs and belts.They open champagne,mostly used for sprinkling other people. 

　2　 They were sellers,gamblers,wind bands,singing Indians,thousands of locals and tourists.Their habit is drinking a lot of alcohol,especially red wine.The main event is the running of the bulls.It starts every day at eight in the morning near the Plaza Santo Domingo and they run,sometimes wildly,sometimes less.As a sign that the run has begun they shoot the first rocket.　3　 Six bulls which are trying to attack the participants from behind run down the 900-meter-long street to the bullring(斗牛场) with a lot of spectators.　4　 All of the six bulls are going to be killed at the bull fight in the stadium with six other stronger bulls. 

The bull fights in the stadium begin at half past six in the afternoon.First,there comes the first bull.There is also a person called “picador”,who waves a red cloth in front of the bull.　5　 Later when the bull is tired,there comes another person—a “matador” who kills it with an arrow.The same thing happens with other bulls.At the end of the celebration all the bulls come to the stadium and another rocket is shot as a sign that the bull fights are finished. 

A.It makes the bull very nervous.

B.It is one of the great events in the city.

C.There are a lot of people on the street.

D.This is a sign that the celebration has started.

E.The participants can also get hurt or even killed.

F.Then they shoot the second one when the bulls are out on the streets.

G.That makes the bull very wild and it starts to run all over the stadium.

答案：

Ⅰ.【语篇导读】这是一篇应用文,主要介绍了巴西的四个节日。

1.B　解析细节理解题。根据Oktoberfest部分的“thetwo-weekfestival”、FestaJunina部分的“fortheentiremonthofJune”、FestivaldeCachaca部分的“HeldoveralongweekendinAugust”和ParintinsFolkloreFestival部分的“overaperiodofthreedays”可知,FestaJunina持续的时间最长。

2.D　解析细节理解题。根据Oktoberfest部分的最后一句“Therearealsotraditionalfolkcostumesthatmostpeoplewearwithgreatenthusiasmandlotsofsinging,dancingandstreetparties.”可知,如果你参加在Blumenau举行的节日,就可以看到穿着传统服装的人们。

3.A　解析推理判断题。通读全文可知,这四个节日都是一年一度的活动。

【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。两家新的美国餐厅进入了北京当地的餐饮市场。

4.B　解析推理判断题。结合第一段可知,本段提到麦当劳和肯德基是为了引入话题,说明两家新的西餐厅进入了北京当地的餐饮市场。

5.D　解析细节理解题。结合题干关键词“TacoBell”定位到文章第二段第二句“TacoBellisapopularAmericanfastfoodrestaurantthatfeaturesMexicanfood.”由此可知,TacoBell是一家很受欢迎的美国快餐店,以墨西哥菜为特色。

6.A　解析词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“ThefoodisprettysimilartowhatwehadintheUnitedStates”可知,ShakeShack北京餐厅里的食物和美国的很像,转折连词but表明两者还是有区别的,说明北京餐厅里的食物有自己的独特之处。由此可知画线词词义为“特别的”,和special同义。

7.C　解析推理判断题。根据第二段中“However,therearenewmenuitemsthatarespecialtotheBeijinglocation,suchastheYangBerryFreezeandAvocadoOolongTea.”和第三段最后一句“ThefoodisprettysimilartowhatwehadintheUnitedStates,butthereisamilkshakeexclusivetoBeijing.”可知,TacoBell和ShakeShack在北京的店铺为了适应北京人的口味,均作出了菜品上的改进。

【长难句分析】Shake Shack,known for its traditional American-style hamburgers and milkshakes,is also serving up dishes that won’t be found in branches outside of the capital.

【分析】knownfor...是过去分词短语作定语,that引导的是定语从句。

【译文】以传统美式汉堡包和奶昔闻名的奶昔小站也提供在首都以外的分店没有的菜肴。

【语篇导读】这是一篇新闻报道。最近,在莱恩理工学院预科的一项活动中,学生们一边与经过认证的治疗犬玩耍,一边欢呼、拥抱,一边流下了喜悦的眼泪。这项活动旨在让学生们在准备期末考试的需求中获得休息。

8.C　解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Studentsshouted,huggedandcriedtearsofjoyrecentlyastheyplayedwithcertifiedtherapydogs”可知,学生们见到狗时感到很兴奋。

9.B　解析推理判断题。根据第六段最后一句中的“ThisagegroupbenefitsreallywellfromjustthepresenceofWafflesorothercertifiedtherapydogs”可知,她很高兴Waffles能帮上忙。

10.C　解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Takingbreaksisoneofseveraltoolsstudentscanusetomanagestressoranxiety”可知,Rhew认为学生可以用不同的工具来处理压力。

11.A　解析主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Studentsshouted,huggedandcriedtearsofjoyrecentlyastheyplayedwithcertifiedtherapydogsatLaneTechCollegePrep,anactivitydesignedasabreakfromthedemandsofpreparingforfinalexams.”可知,文章主要是对治疗犬减轻学生考试前的压力这件事进行报道。

【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了3D打印技术在各个领域发挥的作用以及它对我们生活的影响。

12.D　解析推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Fromhealthcaretoconstruction,foodtoart,3Dprintingisplayinganever-growingpartinourlives.”可知,3D打印在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。

13.A　解析细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Scientistsinthehealthcareindustryarealreadyabletocreateprosthetics,costingfarlessthantheirtraditionalcounterparts.”可知,3D打印制作的假体的成本比传统方法制作的成本大大降低了。

14.B　解析细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句中的“...wecouldfindourselveswithatotal3Drebuildingkeepingusaliveforlonger.”可知,3D打印技术有可能让人们的寿命更长。

15.C　解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文介绍了3D打印技术在各个领域发挥的作用以及它在未来将如何影响我们的生活;C项How3DPrintingWillChangetheWorld切题。

【长难句分析】With companies turning to 3D printing as the more effective method for producing their previously manual labour-intensive parts,it is enabling them to repair and recreate disused machine parts and to review their product designs in a way previously not possible.

【分析】Withcompaniesturningto...是介词短语作伴随状语;itisenablingthem是主谓宾结构;torepair...和toreview...作宾语补足语;inaway作方式状语;previouslynotpossible作定语,相当于whichwaspreviouslynotpossible。

【译文】随着公司将3D打印作为生产以前手工劳动密集型零件的更有效的方法,它使他们能够修理和重新制造废弃的机器零件,并以以前不可能的方式审查其产品设计。

Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是说明文。斗牛节是西班牙的传统节日,期间虽然时常会发生各种意外,出现运动员和观众的伤亡事件,但是该节日每年仍然吸引着来自世界各地的大量游客。

1.D　解析根据上文的“ItstartsonJuly6thexactlyatmiddaywhenthemayorofPamplonashootsarocket.”可知,市长发射火箭,这是节日开始的信号。

2.C　解析根据下文的“Theyweresellers,gamblers...andtourists”可知,街上的人非常多,所以选C项。

3.F　解析根据上文的“Asasignthattherunhasbeguntheyshootthefirstrocket.”可知,发射第一个火箭是为了告知人们牛开始奔跑。F项“牛跑到街上的时候发射第二个火箭”与上文相衔接。

4.E　解析根据上文可知,牛和观众一起在街上奔跑,由此可知,这样会出现观众伤亡事件,所以选E项。

5.G　解析斗牛士在牛的面前抖动红布的目的是让牛发狂,牛会在体育场乱跑,所以选G项。