专题13 句子翻译-中考英语知识及解题技巧（牛津译林版）

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句子翻译

翻译句子是交际的基础,通常考查在具体语境中灵活运用词汇知识和语法知识的能力。中考更热衷于考查固定搭配,所以对初中阶段常用的短语和句型进行强化记忆,是翻译句子的一种好方法。
常用句型及结构
1. It’s time to do sth./It?s time for sth.该干……了。
如:Children,it’s time to have lunch.(Children, it’s time for lunch.)孩子们,该吃午饭了。
2. It’s important to do sth.做某事很重要。
如:It’s important to learn English well.学好英语很重要。
3. It’s one’s duty to do sth.做某事是某人的责任。
如:It’s our duty to protect the environment.保护环境是我们的责任。
4. It’s impossible to do sth.做某事是不可能的。
如:It’s impossible for Taiwan to break away from our motherland.台湾从祖国分裂出去是不可能的。
5. no matter...无论……。
如:No matter what he says,nobody believes him.无论他说什么,没人相信他。
6. neither...nor...既不……,也不……。
如:Mary can neither sing nor dance.玛丽既不会唱歌,也不会跳舞。
7. It’s said that...据说……。
如:It’s said that this is the fourth time the Big Ben has stopped working.据说这是大本钟第四次停止运转了。
8. too...to...太……以至于不能……。
如:She is too excited to say a word.她太兴奋了,以至于说不出一句话。
9. so...that...如此……以至于……。
如:This box is so heavy that she can’t lift it.这个箱子如此重,以至于她提不起它。
10. not...until...直到……才……。
如:He didn’t go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作业才睡觉。
11. thank you/thanks for doing sth.感谢你做某事。
如:Thank you for listening to me.感谢你听我讲。
12. as...as 和……一样。
如:English is as important as maths.英语和数学一样重要。
13. It takes/took sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间。
如:It took workers only seven days to build a new hospital.工人们仅用七天时间就建成了一座新医院。
14. either...or...要么……,要么……。
如:You may either stay at home or go with us.你要么待在家里,要么跟我们一块去。
15. as soon as 一……就……。
如:I’ll tell him as soon as my father comes back.我父亲一回来,我就告诉他。
16. know+疑问词+不定式。
如:No one knows what to do next.没人知道下一步该怎么办。
17. had better 最好。
如:You had better see a doctor if you get a bad cold.如果你患了重感冒,你最好去看医生。
18. tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事;tell sb.not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事。
如:He told me not to lose heart.他告诉我不要灰心。
19. I hope.../I wish...
如:They hope to win the game in the afternoon.他们希望赢得下午的比赛。
We all wish him to bring us good news.我们都希望他给我们带来好消息。
20. 宾语从句
21. 状语从句
22. 定语从句
时态及语态
句子离不开时态及语态,翻译句子除考查固定搭配外,还考查时态及语态,所以牢固掌握各种时态和语态的构成和用法对正确翻译句子很有帮助。
例1
1.在我们学校图书馆里有好几千本书。
___________________________________________
【解析】There are thousands of books in our school library.根据中文句子可知本句里有“在某地有某物”这种句式，要用there be句型。另外“好几千”，表示的是不确定数量的词，要用thousands of,
2.扬州园林(Yangzhou Gardens)不仅在中国出名，而且在全世界也很有名。
___________________________________________
【解析】Yangzhou Gardens is famous not only in China but also in the whole world.仔细研读中文句子可知句中有短语“不但……而且……”。只要会用这个短语，本题就能翻译出来。
3.谁将应邀主持下周的演出?
___________________________________________
【解析】Who will be invited to host the next week's show?由中文句子中的“应邀”可知句子要用被动语态。另外由句意可知本句的时态是一般将来时。
4.在这个公园里，除非你有地图，否则很容易迷路。
___________________________________________
【解析】Unless you have a map, you will get lost easily in the park.中文句子中的“除非”对应的英语单词是" unless"，其引导的条件状语从句里用一般现在时代替一般将来时.主句要用一般将来时。另外get lost“迷路”，也是易错点之一。
5.对他们来说，像以前那样经常见到这样的美景不容易了。
___________________________________________
【解析】It's not easy for them to see such beautiful views as often as before.仔细研读中文句子可知句中有一个固定句式，即:做某事对某人来说怎么样，It be adj. for sb. to do sth. .第二个考查点是短语“as... as像····一样。熟悉了这两个知识点，翻译就容易了。

例2
将下列句子译成英语。
1.凯特擅长跳舞。

【解析】Kate is good at dancing. 考察be good at擅长。
2.她不仅要努力学习,而且要花很多时间跳舞。

【解析】She not only works hard but also spends much time dancing. 考察not only...but also...不但……而且……。
3.她想知道如何才能在学业和爱好之间获取平衡。

【解析】She wonders/wants to know how she can achieve a balance between her schoolwork and her hobby/hobbies.
考察：宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
4.幸运的是,她的老师给她提供了一些有用的建议。

【解析】Luckily, her teacher offers her some useful advice/suggestions. 考察offer sb. sth.给某人提供某物。
5.她的成功基于她老师的帮助和支持。

【解析】Her success is based on her teacher’s help and support. 考察be based on 基于……。

专题训练
一
翻译句子
1. 那个穿红色连衣裙的女孩擅长跳舞吗？
________________________________________________________________
2. 他们下周来我们学校时让我带他们参观我们现代化的阅览室。
_________________________________________________________________
3. 放学后在图书馆里和我最好的朋友读书让我感觉真的好极了。
___________________________________________________________________
4. 做早操帮我很好地开始一天。
_________________________________________________________________
5. 本周末，我希望我哥哥能和我一起去野炊。
__________________________________________________________________
【答案】
1. Is the girl in/wearing a red dress good at dancing ?
2. Let me show them around our modern reading room when they come to our school next week.
3. Reading books in the library with my best friend makes me feel really great after school.
4. Doing morning exercises helps me start a day well.
5. I hope my brother can go on a picnic with me this weekend.


二
翻译句子
1. 看！河里有一些小鱼在游。

2. 这是我第一次练习说英语。

3. 对这些女教师来说，有一个健康的生活方式是很重要的。

4. 你不够壮，我认为你需要多锻炼。

5. 感谢你告诉我有关我儿子的学习情况。

【答案】
1. Look! There are some small fish swimming in the river.
2. It is my first time to practise speaking English.
3. It's very important for these women teachers to have a healthy lifestyle.
4. You are not strong, I think you need to exercise more.
5. Thank you for telling me about my son's study.
三
翻译句子
1. 你在担心聚会上穿什么或者怎么设计你的家吗？

2. 我的收音机坏了。（4种）



3. 老师要求我们上课不要迟到。

4. 我叔叔正忙于修那个小女孩的自行车。

5. 从这儿到上海坐我的小汽车只有两小时的路程。

【答案】
1. Are you worrying about what to wear to a party or how to design your home?`
2. My radio is broken. My radio doesn’t work.
There is something wrong with my radio. Something is wrong with my radio.
3. Teachers ask us not to be late for class.
4. My uncle is busy fixing the little girl’s bicycle.
5. It is only two hours’ drive from here to Shanghai in my car.
四
翻译句子
1. 学生们将不再害怕学习英语了。
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. 那个小孩太矮了，够不到桌子上的苹果。
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. 没人知道那天他出什么事情了。
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. 用纸做衣服听起来很有趣。
_______________________________________________________________________________
5. 你应该每天多花点时间照顾你的狗。
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
1. The students won’t be afraid of learning English any more.
2. The child was too short to reach the apple on the table.
3. Nobody knows what happened to him that day.
4. It sounds fun to make clothes out of paper.
5. You should spend more time taking care of your dog every day.

五
翻译句子
1.当他长大的时候，他想要环游世界。
________________________________________ .
2.我们不应该说任何人的坏话。
_______ ________________________________________.
3.我认为扬州要比江苏的任何城市漂亮。
___________________________________________.
4.请你仔细倾听他的问题并给他提供帮助，好吗？
__________________________________________________?
5.我相信今年秋天我们会赢那场重要的足球比赛的。
____________________________________________________________.
【答案】
1.He wants to travel around the world when he grows up.
2.We shouldn’t say a bad word about anyone.
3.I think Yangzhou is more beautiful than any other city in Jiangsu.
4.Would you please listen to his problem carefully and offer him help?
5.I believe we will win that important football match this autumn.
六
翻译句子
1. 日本产的轿车没有美国车贵。
_________________________________________________________________________
2. 我昨天决定亲自为妈妈做一张生日卡片。
_________________________________________________________________________
3. 她不仅喜欢打篮球，还喜欢踢足球。
_________________________________________________________________________
4. 你最好到店里去购物而不是在网上购物。
_________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
1. The cars made in Japan are not as expensive as those made in the USA.
2. I decided to make a birthday card for my mum by myself/alone/on my own yesterday.
3. She likes not only playing basketball but also playing football.
4. You’d better do some shopping in the shop instead of shopping online.
七
翻译句子
1. 他建议我们不要在湿地里大叫。
____________________________________________________
2. 鸟儿不但吃虫子还吃鱼和植物。
____________________________________________________
3. 如果你带上一副望远镜，他们将帮助你更清晰地看到鸟。
____________________________________________________
4..多么惭愧啊！我们不应该再买皮毛制成的衣服了。
____________________________________________________
5.由于捕杀，许多野生动物现在处于危险之中。
____________________________________________________
【答案】
1.He advised us not to shout in the wetlands.
2.Birds eat not only worms but also fish and plants.
3.If you take a pair of binoculars,they’ll help you see the birds more clearly.
4.What a shame! We shouldn’t buy fur coats any more.
5.Many wild animals are now in danger because of hunting.
八
翻译句子
1. 冬天里白天变短了，夜晚变长了。

2.春节期间，一些蔬菜的价格上涨了很多。

3.当车祸发生的时候，人们惊恐地看着彼此不知道该怎么做。

4.消防队员们需要尽快赶到火灾现场。

5当我昨天回来的时候，爸爸正在桌边看报。

【答案】
1. The days get shorter and the nights get longer in winter.
2. The prices of some vegetables have risen a lot during the Spring Festival.
3. People looked at each other in fear and didn’t know what to do when the traffic accident happened.
4. The firemen need to get to the fire place as soon as possible/they can.
5. My father was reading the newspaper at the table when I came back yesterday.
九
翻译句子
1. 政府已经把这块空地变成了一个大型购物中心。
______________________________________________________________________________
2. 我们中的大多数人已经习惯了用电子邮件来交流。
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. 我母亲已经去法国出差了，她将于下个星期五回来。
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. 你能告诉我从扬州飞到深圳需要多长时间吗？
______________________________________________________________________________
1. The government turned open space into a large shopping center.
2. Most of us have got used to communicating by e-mail.
3. My mother has gone to France on business and she will be back next Friday.
4. Can you tell me how long it takes to fly from Yangzhou to Shenzhen?
十
翻译句子
1.你通常用电脑做什么？

2. 请你演示一下如何开始这次在线旅行，行吗？

3.你已经决定如何处理这些书了吗？

4.我每周花七个多小时读不同类型的书。

【答案】
1.What do you usually use the computer for?
2.Would you mind showing me how to start the online tour?
3.Have you decided what to do with these books?
4.I spend over seven hours a week reading different types of books.
十一
翻译句子
1. 对我们来说，做好每一件事是很有必要的.

2. Tom太小了不能照顾好他自己。

3. 轻视残疾人是不礼貌的。

4. 很多人过去常常住在旧房子里。

【答案】
1. It’s necessary for us to do everything well.
2.Tom is too young to take good care of himself .
3.It is rude to look down on the disabled.
4.Many people used to live in the old houses.
十二
翻译句子
1. 参加这次比赛，她很勇敢。

2. 如果我们不行动起来改善环境，更多的生物将死于污染。

3. 仅有20个学生洗澡时间在10分钟以内，35个学生刷牙时关水龙头。

4. 你能通过捐款或者作为志愿者工作来帮助。

5. 爸爸过去开车送我上学，但是现在我习惯了乘地铁上学。

【答案】
1. It was brave to take part in the match.
2. If we do not act to improve the environment, more living things will be killed by pollution.
3. Only 20 students take showers for less than 10 minutes, but 35 students turn off the tap when brushing their teeth.
4. You can help by donating money or working as a volunteer.
5.My dad used to drive me to school, but now I am used to taking the underground to school.
十三
1.作为一名英语教师，你再细心也不为过。

2.任何一场比赛， 人们要么领先，要么落后。

3.通常一个班被分成五组进行讨论

4.汤姆真是太有想像力了，能想出许多好点子。

5.我们应当学会三思而后行地面对许多选择。

【答案】
1. As an English teacher, you can't be too careful
2. Any game, people either take the lead or fall behind
3. Usually ,a class is divided into five groups to discuss
4. Tom is really so imaginative that he can come up with many good ideas.
5. We should learn to think twice before you face many choices.
十四
1. 我不确信蓝色是否穿在你身上好看。

2. 寒冷地区的人们宁愿家里暖色系来营造一个温暖舒服的感觉。

3. 绿色是自然的颜色且代表新生命。

4. 如果它不奏效，你可以取回你的钱。

5. 我们允诺这个疗法可以有助于改变你的心情。

【答案】
1. I’m not sure if blue looks good on you.
2. People in cold areas prefer warm colors in their homes to create a warm and comfortable feeling.
3. Green is the colour of nature and represents new life.
4. If it does not work, you can get your money back..
5. We promise that this therapy can help you change your moods.
十五
1. 在父亲的帮助下，安妮成功地做出了飞机模型。
_______________________________________________________________________
2. 这个新来的女生发现没有人注意她，一整天闷闷不乐。
_______________________________________________________________________
3. 为了不被送往纳粹集中营，他们躲到了一个秘密的地方。
_______________________________________________________________________
4. 令我们惊讶的是，第二天他改变了主意。
_______________________________________________________________________
5. 一些孩子在森林里失踪了，他们的父母为他们的生命安全担忧。
_______________________________________________________________________
【答案】
1. With the help of her father, Anne succeeded in making the model plane.
2. The new girl student found that no one took notice of her, so she was unhappy the whole day.
3. They went into hiding in a secret place so that they wouldn’t be sent to a Nazi camp.
4. To our surprise, he changed his mind the next day.
5. Some children were lost in the forest. Their parents were in fear of their lives.
十六
1. 这个小女孩很小的时候就对跳舞感兴趣。

2. 他说的如此快，以至于都喘不过气来。

3. 许多人认为Spud Webb有打篮球的天赋。

4. 我认为你这样编造他的故事是不好的。

5. 你的建议对于我来说有很高的价值。

【答案】
1. The girl showed an interest in dancing at a very young age.
2. He spoke so fast that he was out of breath.
3. Many people think Spud Webb has a gift for playing basketball.
4. I think it's very unkind of you to make up stories about him
5. Your suggestions are of great value to me.
十七
1.如果你是一个足球迷，你将会发现本周的节目很精彩。

2.这场篮球赛已经被现场直播了。

3.除非人类停止捕猎老虎，否则这种情况仍将继续。

4.许多歌迷已经在线选举了他们最喜欢的音乐视频。

【答案】
1. If you are a football fan, you will find this week’s programme wonderful.
2. The basketball match has been covered live.
3. Unless humans stops hunting tigers, the situation will continue.
4. Many fans have voted online for their favourite music videos.
十八
1. 他在驾驶考试中犯了如此愚蠢的一个错误以至于没有通过。
_________________________________________________________________
2. 这个演讲非常精彩，我们都听得很认真。
_________________________________________________________________
3. 他有如此好的表演天赋，她适合进入影视业。
_________________________________________________________________
4. 天气是如此的好以至于我们可以外出野餐。
_________________________________________________________________
【答案】
1. He made such a stupid mistake in the driving exam that he didn’t pass it.
2. The speech was so wonderful that we all listened carefully.
3. She has such a good gift for acting that she is suitable for entering the film industry.
4. It is so nice that we can go out for a picnic./ It is such a nice day that we can go out for a picnic.
十九
1. 工作太多，休息太少常常导致疾病。
__________________________________________________________________________
2. 当我气喘吁吁地到那儿时，电影已经放映10分钟了。
__________________________________________________________________________
3. 我不确定他是否在这儿结交了朋友。
__________________________________________________________________________
4. 令我们吃惊的是，史密斯先生被指控偷盗。
________________ ，Mr. Smith ______________________________________________.
5. 除了住在隔壁的那个男子之外，布鲁斯和所有邻居都相处和睦。
Bruce _____________________________________________________________________.
【答案】
1.Too much work and little rest often lead to illness.
2.When I arrived there out of breath, the film had been on for 10 minutes.
3.I’m not sure whether he has made friends here.
4. To our surprise, Mr. Smith is charged with theft.
5.Blues gets along well with all the neighbors except the man next door.
二十
1.很多游客喜欢一大早聚集在那里观看升旗仪式。

2.长城横跨中国北部地区绵延6000多公里，每隔几百米设有瞭望塔。

3.正如俗话所说：“不到长城非好汉。”

4.日本是我们在亚洲将要去的第二个国家。

5.中国的人口比世界上任何一个国家的人口都要多。

【答案】
1、Many tourists like to gather there early in the morning to watch the raising of the national flag.
2、The Great wall runs for over 6000 kilometers across northern China, with watchtowers every few hundred meters
3、As an old saying goes: “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.”
4、Japan is the second country we are going to visit in Asia.
5、China has larger population than any other country in the world.
二十一
1. 由于天气不好，我们不得不缩短在那儿的访问。

2. 这辆小汽车失去了控制， 撞到了一颗大树上。

3. 学生们在谈论谁是他们最钦佩的人。

4. Einstein被认为是有史以来最伟大的人之一。

【答案】
1. Because of the bad weather, we had to cut short the visit there.
2. The car was out of control and crashed/knocked/hit into a big tree.
3. Students are talking about who they admire most.
4. Einstein is considered as one of the greatest people in history.
二十二
1.它以一个有关在火星生活的调查的讨论来开始。

2.这个学校有二十分之三的学生由于反应太慢跟不上班级。

3.相对于生活在农村的学生，城市的学生的生活更加有挑战性。

4.这件特地为她设计的大衣看上去很时尚。

【答案】
1. It started/began with discussion about a survey on living on Mars.
2 There are three-twentieths students who are too slow to follow others in this school.
3. Compared with the students in the country, the lives of students who live in/living in cities are more challenging.
4. This coat specially designed for her looks very fashionable.


二十三
1. 昨天晚上我正在开车回家的时候，突然车子抛锚了。

2. 我很幸运，有实现自己梦想的机会。

3. 在过去的几年里，我的工作变得更加困难。

4. 尽管他们在执行计划时遇到一些困难，但是他们坚持不断尝试。

5迫不及待地想知道他在这次考试中是不是会领先。

【答案】
1. When I was driving home last night, suddenly my car broke down.
2. I was lucky enough to have chances to realize my dreams.
3. In the past /last few years, my job has been much / even harder.
4. Although they had some difficulty in carrying out their plan, they kept trying.
5. Tom can’t wait to know whether/ if he will take the lead in the exam.