2022年河南省驻马店市上蔡县中考英语质检试卷（B卷）（含解析）

这是一份2022年河南省驻马店市上蔡县中考英语质检试卷（B卷）（含解析），共19页。试卷主要包含了完形填空，补全对话，阅读理解，信息匹配，阅读填空，单词拼写/单词释义，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022年河南省驻马店市上蔡县中考英语质检试卷（B卷）

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一、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15分）
On Tuesday afternoon,as awful rain fell,a woman was trapped （困住） by rising water in her car while taking two grandchildren home.
While trapped in the (1)，the woman called her daughter,Liu,at once.The daughter got their location （位置） by the description of nearby shops and(2)to call those shops,but it didn't work.She later posted a message on WeChat Moments,calling for(3).
Her message was noticed by Chen,the dance teacher of the children trapped in the car.On his way home,Chen rushed to the place at once(4)thinking twice.
At the same time,Lu,the owner of the nearby convenience store,noticed two missing calls from Liu.Lu (5)and learned the situation.
"I called the neighboring hotel(6)the manager came with me.We moved towards the car.There was(7)time for us to get prepared and what we had was a kitchen knife," Lu said.
Liu kept calling her mother and two children every five minutes and learned the water had soon risen to her(8)neck. "My mother was sitting on the armrest （扶手） and holding the children.She told the two kids that they were playing a game called‘the adventure in flood （洪水中的冒险） ' and (9) would come to save them soon," she said.
It happened as the grandmother(10).Lu arrived and tried to break the car windows with the kitchen knife but failed.He called(11)to others in the hotel to bring tools.
Two guards who were moving around nearby(12)the cries for help and took a hammer （锤子） and big plastic rubbish cans to the place.
More people(13)them.Finally,before the car was covered by the water,the woman and(14)children were saved.
A(15)of 11 people offered help and some of their names are unknown.In this terrible situation,people's selfless help is very moving.
1.  A. snow B. water C. fire D. air
2.  A. stopped B. forgot C. tried D. hoped
3.  A. help B. money C. rest D. food
4.  A. over B. from C. about D. without
5.  A. ran away B. gave up C. talked with D. called back
6.  A. though B. or C. and D. but
7.  A. much B. little C. no D. a little
8.  A. mother's B. father's C. friend's D. cousin's
9.  A. everybody B. anybody C. somebody D. nobody
10.  A. decided B. asked C. exchanged D. believed
11.  A. slowly B. loudly C. suddenly D. easily
12.  A. saw B. felt C. heard D. noticed
13.  A. left B. avoided C. guided D. joined
14.  A. three B. two C. four D. five
15.  A. total B. piece C. number D. pair

二、补全对话（本大题共1小题，共10分）
16. A：Good morning. (1) ？
B：Good morning.I'd like to book a ticket to Miami on April 6.
A：I'm sorry,sir. (2) .But we have one train for Miami the next day.
B：May I ask what time it will start？
A：At 9：12 in the morning.
B： (3) ？
A：About three hours.
B：Do you serve food on the train？Three hours is such a long time!
A：Yes,of course.There is a dining car in the front of the train. (4) .
B：Great!I'd like to book a ticket for this one. (5) ？
A：The train number is 301.Please check your ticket no later than 12 o'clock two days before the train leaves,or you can't catch the train.
B：OK，I will.Thanks.
A：Have a nice day.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

三、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30分）
A

Do you love animals？We need your help!At Second Chance Animal Services,we depend on volunteers to do our tasks.
Second Chance Animal Services began as an animal shelter （收容所） and grew to help more pets in need.Volunteers with a lot of skills are welcome.
You may fill in a form to become a volunteer.After looking through your form,we will get in touch with you.
★POPULAR VOLUNTEER PROGRAM
Volunteers who have finished our dog care training can take part in our new Dog's Day Out program.You will take one of our dogs out for a field trip.The program wants to get our dogs out of house and give them more chances to meet potential adopters （潜在的收养者）.
You can pick up dogs from Monday to Saturday,beginning at 10：00 a.m.You should plan to spend at least two hours on your field trip.You must return before 4：00 p.m.on Fridays and 5：00 p.m.on other days. （ Sorry,no field trips on Sundays. ）
★OTHER VOLUNTEER WORK
Cleaning：Homes of dogs and cats need cleaning twice a day.
Dog walking：Volunteers have to walk our dogs.
Animal socialization （社会化）： Volunteers need to play with our animals.The cats especially love this one-on-one time.
Writing：We need volunteers to write our monthly news.
Thank you for thinking about volunteering at Second Chance Animal Services!To learn more about us,you can click （点击） here.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
17. How can you become a volunteer at Second Chance Animal Services？ ______
A. By filling in a form. B. By taking a test.
C. By making a telephone call. D. By raising some money.
18. What should you do before you take part in the Dog's Day Out program？ ______
A. Finish the dog care training.
B. Have a pet dog of your own.
C. Prepare everything for the trip.
D. Be a volunteer for at least one year.
19. What should Sally do if she takes part in the Dog's Day Out program on Friday？ ______
A. Set out at9：45 a.m.and return at 10：45 a.m.
B. Set out at 1：00 p.m.and return at 3：30 p.m.
C. Set out at 2：00 p.m.and return at 5：15 p.m.
D. Set out at 3：30 p.m.and return al 5：30 p.m.
20. What else can volunteers do at Second Chance Animal Services？ ______
①Clean the homes of dogs and cats.
②Write news once a month.
③Take the cats out for a walk twice a day.
④Teach the animals to communicate with people.
A. ①② B. ②③ C. ③④ D. ①④
21. Where is the text most probably from？ ______
A. A storybook. B. A poster.
C. A website. D. A health newspaper.
B
I often cycle around Australia and I am about to cycle around the Nullarbor to raise money for multiple sclerosis （多发性硬化症）.I have MS myself,but cycling is a pain-free activity for me.I feel quite relaxed after cycling.But a not-so-kind person stole all of my bikes when I was traveling.
The human kindness I have been shown since this happened has been nothing short of amazing.A kind lady bought a mountain bike for me to continue riding trails （小路）.A gentleman gave another bike to me to continue training on roads.It was almost impossible to find a bike in my size because the bike I had before was very short and required an extra small frame （支架）.And there was a bike supply and demand issue （供需问题）.My hometown me to raise some money.With this money,I have bought a bike that is just the right size for me.
So far,people have offered me places to stay,welcomed me into their warm homes and made sure I have enough water when riding long distances （距离）.They also put money in my hands in the street to help me reach my goal.The stolen bikes turned into an interview with ABC Radio Australia and papers in Tasmania.
My point is that there are 80 many good and kind-hearted people out there.My experience is that people are mainly kind and beautiful.I could never doubt the fact that the world holds more good and kind people than unkind people.That,in itself,is hope!It won't be long before I hit the road again and do my bit to give back kindness.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
22. What stopped the writer from cycling？ ______
A. He didn't raise enough money to buy a bike.
B. He had MS and was unable to move around.
C. His bikes were stolen while he was traveling.
D. People were not allowed to cycle around Australia.
23. What's the main idea of Paragraph 2？ ______
A. The writer was living a very poor life.
B. The writer got lots of help from other people.
C. The writer doubted if other people were ever kind to him.
D. The writer was surprised to see the dark side of human nature.
24. What does the underlined phrase "got behind" mean？ ______
A. Supported. B. Advised.
C. Fell behind. D. Caught up with.
25. How did the writer feel according to Paragraph 2 and 3？ ______
A. Thankful. B. Surprised. C. Regretful. D. Tired.
26. What opinion does the writer hold？ ______
A. Experience is very important to our success.
B. There are lots of not-so-kind people out there.
C. It is a fact that nobody was born with kindness.
D. There are more kind people than unkind people.
C
Last year was the 100th anniversary （纪念日） of the discovery of insulin （胰岛素）.Before 1921，children and adults with diabetes （糖尿病） most often died within a few days or months.Insulin can make this timeline last for more years.
Back in the 16th century,there were records about this"terrible disease" .People got much pain from sickness,too much thirst and so on,and soon died in pain.These were all caused by high levels of blood sugar.For thousands of years,humans didn't know how to deal with it.This changed in the 1880s.That's when scientists found a special thing named insulin.It controls blood sugar.But scientists didn't know how to get it.
In 1921，Frederick Banting came up with an idea.The Canadian doctor asked his friend to provide him with a lab,and worked tirelessly on 10 dogs.Soon after,he successfully took out insulin from a dog and used it to treat another dog with diabetes.To his surprise,the insulin made its blood sugar levels go back to normal.Later,Banting and Scottish scientist John Macleod made a more purified （提纯的） form of insulin.They used it to successfully treat a 14-year-old boy who was dying from diabetes.
In 1923，Banting and Macleod received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.To help people get the medicine easily,they sold the patent （专利） for just one dollar.As Banting said, "Insulin belongs to the world,not to me."
Today,there are more than 400 million people with diabetes around the world.Insulin gives them a fighting chance to live.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
27. With the insulin,diabetes patients ______ .
A. can keep away from diabetes
B. may find other diseases soon
C. can avoid dying in a short time
D. may experience great pain every day
28. What are the symptoms （症状） of diabetes？ ______
a.Sickness.b.Feeling cold.c.Very thirsty.d.Too much hunger.
A. ab B. bd C. ac D. ad
29. Why wasn't insulin used on patients in the 1880s？ ______
A. Because it failed in animal tests.
B. Because there was no way to get it.
C. Because no one paid attention to diabetes.
D. Because people didn't trust the new treatment.
30. What do we know from Paragraph 3？ ______
A. Why insulin could help treat diabetes.
B. How much scientists got from insulin.
C. How scientists got insulin for treating patients.
D. What failures scientists experienced while studying insulin.
31. Why did Banting and Macleod sell their patent for one dollar？ ______
A. Because they wanted to get the Nobel Prize.
B. Because they wanted to help more diabetes patients.
C. Because their findings were based on others' research.
D. Because insulin was too expensive to afford for patients.

四、信息匹配（本大题共5小题，共10分）
You probably think the music that your parents like is old and boring,and the songs on your playlist are much cooler. (1) So it is likely that your own musical preference will follow a similar way to your parents'.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge got data （数据） from more than 250 ，000 people over the past 10 years. (2) There are three musical periods （时期）： "exciting""popular" and "sophisticated （高雅时髦的）".
The first period comes in the teenage years. (3) But as people move into early adulthood,they hope to build close relationships with others.As a result,they become fonder of popular music,such as pop and R&B，which are usually danceable.When middle age comes,things have settled down （安定下来） for most people. (4) For example,they prefer jazz and classical music,as well as catchy music like country music and blues.Because they need relaxing and emotive （激起感情的） music under the strong pressure of life.
(5) Of course there are.But a research member explained that their reasons for listening to rock music may be wanting to remind themselves of their youth at that time.

根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。
A.Then they will like more "sophisticated" music better.
B.They noticed that as people grow,their musical taste changes.
C.But here is what scientists found：People's musical taste changes with their ages.
D.People prefer exciting music such as rock,because teenagers are always active.
E.But you must be thinking： "Aren't there old people who are still into rock music？"
32.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
33.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
34.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
35.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
36.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E

五、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共5分）
37. There are many kinds of pencils.Nobody knows (1) invented the pencil or when it was invented.A Swiss described a pencil in a book in 1565.He said it was a piece of wood (2) lead （铅） inside it.In 1795 ，someone started making pencils from graphite （石墨） and they became very popular.
When people wrote with pens,they had (3) put the pen point into ink （墨水） after writing every few letters.Later someone invented the fountain pen （自来水笔） and this kind of pen could hold ink inside it.A fountain pen can write several pages (4) you have to fill it again.
Two brothers,Laszlo and Gyorgy Biro,invented the ballpoint pen （圆珠笔） that we all use today.They started producing ballpoint pens in 1943.Someone calls ballpoint pens bics.Australians call them biros.Whatever they (5) called,we use them every day.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

六、单词拼写/单词释义（本大题共1小题，共10分）
38.
others find why when secret surprise teach make zoo smart
For a long time,people thought that the ocean floor was a very quiet place.Scientists were (1) when they put a microphone （麦克风） underwater and heard all kinds of noises.The bottom of the sea seemed like a (2) !It was amazing!The scientists were unable to understand (3) they found out these noises were coming from fish.Some fish (4) noise by grinding （磨） their teeth.In this way,they have sharper teeth. (5) make sounds with the air sacs （囊） in their bodies. (6) fish make these sounds is somewhat of a mystery.Some scientists think that the fish use these noises to speak to one another.Most people believe the sounds have no meaning.Scientists have (7) out that the dolphin （海豚） knows the meaning of some sounds.Tests show that it is one of the (8) animals in the sea.At Marineland of the Pacific,it is said that dolphins have even been (9) to sing.
We may be able to talk with the dolphin and learn many (10) of the sea sometime soon.It could be an exciting moment when we first begin to find out what those voices from the ocean floor are saying.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)

七、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20分）
39. 初中毕业在即，回顾三年的学生活，你一定有成功的体验，如一次考试、一次比赛、一次表演……请根据以下要点和要求，以"My successful experience" 为题用英语写一篇演讲稿。
（ 1）要点：
1）你的经历是什么；
2）为什么说这是一次成功的经历；
3）你的感受是什么。
（ 2）要求：
1）演讲稿中要包含所有提示内容，可适当发挥；
2）文中不要出现所在学校的校名和师生姓名；
3）词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。

My successful experience Hello,everyone!       
Thank you for your listening.
答案和解析

1~15.【答案】B、C、A、D、D、C、B、A、C、D、B、C、D、B、A
【解析】（1）名词辨析。A：雪；B：水；C：火；D：天空。根据上文as awful rain fell（当一场可怕的大雨下来的时候）可知，被困在了水里。故选B。
（2）动词辨析。A：停止；B：忘记；C：尽力；D：希望。根据句意，老妇人的女儿尽力地给附近的商店打电话。故选C。
（3）名词辨析。A：帮助；B：钱；C：休息；D：食物。根据上文She later posted a message on WeChat Moments（她稍后在微信时刻发布消息）可知，他在寻求帮助。故选A。
（4）介词辨析。A：超过；B从；C：关于；D：没有。根据句意，陈不加思索地立刻冲到那个地方。故选D。
（5）动词短语辨析。A：逃跑；B：放弃；C：与......交谈；D：回电。根据上文two missing calls from Liu.（来自刘的两个错过的电话）可知，因此Lu回了电话。故选D。
（6）连词辨析。A：尽管；B：或者；C：和；D：但是。根据句意，我给邻酒店打电话，经理和我一起来了。前后两句表并列关系。故选C。
（7）形容词辨析。A：很多；B：少量的；C：不；D：一点。根据句意，我们几乎没有时间准备。故选B。
（8）名词辨析。A：母亲的；B：父亲的；C：朋友的；D：表哥的。根据下文My mother was sitting on the armrest （扶手） and holding the children（我母亲正坐在扶手上举着两个孩子）可知，水涨到了母亲的脖子了。故选A。
（9）代词辨析。A：大家；B：任何人；C：有人；D：没有人。根据句意，很快就会有人来救她们。故选C。
（10）动词辨析。A：坚决；B：问；C：交换；D：相信。根据上文It happened as the grandmother（这件事按着祖母那样发生了）可知，是认为。故选D。
（11）副词辨析。A：缓慢地；B：大声地；C：突然地；D：容易地。根据下文to others in the hotel（对旅馆里的其他人）可知，大声喊才能听见。故选B。
（12）动词辨析。A：看见；B：感觉；C：听到；D：注意。根据下文the cries for help（求救的喊声）可知，这里是听见。故选C。
（13）动词辨析。A：离开；B：避免；C：指导；D：参加。根据句意，比较多的人加入到他们。故选D。
（14）数词辨析。A：三；B：二；C：四；D：五。根据上文 while taking two grandchildren home.（当带着两个孙子回家的时候）可知，是两个孩子。故选B。
（15）名词辨析。A：总数；B：快；C：数字；D：副，对。根据下文 11 people（十一人）可知，总数是十一人。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位老妇人带着两个孩子在开车回家的路上遇到了洪水，被困。在好心人的帮助下，最终脱离危险。
首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。

16.【答案】【小题1】What can I do for you
【小题2】There is no ticket available on that day
【小题3】How long does it take to reach Miami
【小题4】They serve meals at all times
【小题5】What's the train number
【解析】细节推理题。
（1）根据答语I'd like to book a ticket to Miami on April 6.（我想订一张4月6日去Miami的机票。）可推知，对话来自售票员和顾客，首句应该是售票员询问What can I do for you？（我能为顾客做些什么？）符合题意，故填：What can I do for you。
（2）根据I'd like to book a ticket to Miami on April 6.（我想订一张4月6日去迈阿密的机票。）以及I'm sorry,sir.（对不起，先生。）可推知，此处应该是There is no ticket available on that day.（那天没有票。）符合题意。故填：There is no ticket available on that day。
（3）根据答语About three hours.（大约三个小时。）可知，此处询问How long does it take to reach Miami？（到Miami要花费多长时间？）符合题意，故填：How long does it take to reach Miami。
（4）根据上文There is a dining car in the front of the train.（在火车的前面有一节餐车。）可推知，此处和餐车有关，应填They serve meals at all times.（他们随时提供饭菜。）符合题意，故填：They serve meals at all times。
（5）根据下文The train number is 301.（这是301次列车。）可推知，此处在问火车的号码，应填What's the train number？（列车号是多少？）符合题意，故填：What's the train number。
这是一则售票员和顾客之间的对话。
题目要求补全对话，主要考查学生的语言运用能力及日常交际能力，做题时要根据上下文语境来确定句意。

17~21.【答案】A、A、B、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据You may fill in a form to become a volunteer.After looking through your form,we will get in touch with you.（你可以填写一份表格成为志愿者。看完您的表格后，我们会与您联系。）可知，可以通过填写表格成为Second Chance Animal Services的志愿者。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据Volunteers who have finished our dog care training can take part in our new Dog's Day Out program.（完成狗狗护理训练的志愿者可以参加我们新的Dog's Day Out program。）可知，在你参加Dog's Day Out program之前你应该完成狗狗护理训练。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据You can pick up dogs from Monday to Saturday,beginning at 10：00 a.m.You should plan to spend at least two hours on your field trip.You must return before 4：00 p.m.on Fridays and 5：00 p.m.on other days. （周一至周六上午10点开始，可以接送狗。你应该计划在实地考察中花费至少两个小时。你必须在星期五下午4点前返回，其他日子则必须在下午5点前返回。）可知，如果莎莉参加了星期五的Dog's Day Out program,她应该下午1点出发，3点半返回。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据Cleaning：Homes of dogs and cats need cleaning twice a day.Dog walking：Volunteers have to walk our dogs.Animal socialization （社会化） ：Volunteers need to play with our animals.The cats especially love this one-on-one time.Writing：We need volunteers to write our monthly news.（清洁：狗和猫的家需要每天清洁两次。遛狗：志愿者必须遛狗。动物社会化：志愿者需要和我们的动物一起玩。猫特别喜欢这种一对一的时间。写作：我们需要志愿者来写我们的每月新闻。）可知，①②项内容均与文意相符，故选A。
（5）文章出处题。根据To learn more about us,you can click （点击） here.（要了解更多关于我们的信息，你可以点击这里。）可推知，本文最有可能来自一个网站，故选C。
本文主要介绍了在Second Chance Animal Services可以做的一些志愿工作。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项，在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。

22~26.【答案】C、B、A、A、D
【解析】（1）细节判断题。文中But a not-so-kind person stole all of my bikes when I was traveling.（一个不太善良的人在我旅行的时候偷走了我所有的自行车。）可知，作者因为车被偷走了，所以不能骑行了。故选C。
（2）段落大意题。根据A kind lady bought a mountain bike for me to continue riding trails .A gentleman gave another bike to me to continue training on roads.（一位好心的女士给我买了一辆山地车，让我继续骑行。一位绅士给了我另一辆自行车，让我继续在路上训练。）可知第2段的主要思想是作者得到了很多人的帮助。故选B。
（3）词义猜测题。根据My hometown         me to raise some money.With this money,I have bought a bike that is just the right size for me.（我的家乡---我筹集资金。用这些钱，我买了一辆尺寸刚好适合我的自行车。）联系后句可猜测出下划线单词got behind的意思应为"支持"。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据My hometown         me to raise some money.With this money,I have bought a bike that is just the right size for me.So far,people have offered me places to stay,welcomed me into their warm homes and made sure I have enough water when riding long distances （距离）.（我的家乡支持我筹集资金。用这些钱，我买了一辆大小刚好适合我的自行车。到目前为止，人们已经为我提供了住宿的地方，欢迎我进入他们温暖的家，并确保我在长途骑行时有足够的水。）可推断出根据第2段和第3段，作者面对来自四面八方的帮助，应该会很感激。故选A。
（5）主旨大意题。根据I could never doubt the fact that the world holds more good and kind people than unkind people.（我从不怀疑这个事实：世界上善良善良的人比不友善的人多。）可知，作者认为世界上还是善良的人多。故选D。
这篇短文主要讲述了作者自行车被偷以后，感受到了四面八方的人给予他的善意，故事告诉我们这个世界上好人总比坏人多。
首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。

27~31.【答案】C、C、B、C、B
【解析】（1）细节判断题。根据Before 1921，children and adults with diabetes most often died within a few days or months.Insulin can make this timeline last for more years.（1921年之前，患有糖尿病的儿童和成人通常在几天或几个月内死亡。胰岛素可以使这一时间表持续多年。）可推断出胰岛素可以在短时间内避免死亡。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据People got much pain from sickness,too much thirst and so on,and soon died in pain.（人们因疾病、口渴等原因感到痛苦，很快就死于痛苦。）可知患有糖尿病的症状是疾病、口渴等。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据This changed in the 1880s.That's when scientists found a special thing named insulin.It controls blood sugar.But scientists didn't know how to get it.（这种情况在19世纪80年代发生了变化。这时，科学家们发现了一种叫做胰岛素的特殊物质。它控制血糖。但科学家们不知道如何获得它。）可知在19世纪80年代没有对患者使用胰岛素是因为科学家不知道怎么获取胰岛素。故选B。
（4）段落大意题。根据Later,Banting and Scottish scientist John Macleod made a more purified （提纯的） form of insulin.They used it to successfully treat a 14-year-old boy who was dying from diabetes.（后来，Banting和苏格兰科学家John Macleod制造了一种更纯净的胰岛素。他们用它成功地治疗了一名即将死于糖尿病的14岁男孩。）第三段主要讲了科学家是如何用胰岛素治疗病人的。故选C。
（5）细节判断题。根据To help people get the medicine easily,they sold the patent for just one dollar.As Banting said, "Insulin belongs to the world,not to me."（为了帮助人们轻松获得药物，他们出售了专利只要一美元。正如Banting所说，"胰岛素属于世界，而不是我。"）可推断出Banting和Macleod以一美元的价格出售他们的专利，因为他们想帮助更多的糖尿病患者。故选B。
本文主要讲了胰岛素的发现和应用。
阅读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文，在原文中找出与题目对应的内容，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

32~36.【答案】C、B、D、A、E
【解析】细节推理题。
（1）根据上文You probably think the music that your parents like is old and boring,and the songs on your playlist are much cooler. （你可能认为你父母喜欢的音乐很老很无聊，你播放列表上的歌曲也很酷。）和下文So it is likely that your own musical preference will follow a similar way to your parents'.（因此，你自己的音乐偏好可能与你父母的音乐偏好相似。）可知说的是依据年龄，你和父母的音乐偏好，结合选项，应说但科学家发现：人们的音乐品味随着年龄的增长而变化。故选C。
（2）根据上文Researchers at the University of Cambridge got data （数据） from more than 250 ，000 people over the past 10 years.（剑桥大学的研究人员在过去10年里从25万多人那里获得了数据。）和下文There are three musical periods （ 时期）："exciting""popular" and "sophisticated （高雅时髦的）".（有三个音乐时期："激动人心的"、"流行的"和"高雅时髦的"。）可知说的是剑桥大学的研究人员从数据知道的三个音乐时期，结合选项，应说他们注意到，随着人们的成长，他们的音乐品味也会发生变化。故选B。
（3）根据上文The first period comes in the teenage years.（第一个时期是在青少年时期。）可知说的是第一个时期是在青少年时期。，结合选项，应说人们喜欢激动人心的音乐，如摇滚乐，因为青少年总是很活跃。故选D。
（4）根据上文When middle age comes,things have settled down （安定下来） for most people.（当中年来临时，大多数人的生活都安定下来了。）可知说的是中年来临时，大多数人的生活都安定下来了，结合选项，应说然后他们会更喜欢"高雅时髦的"音乐。故选A。
（5）根据下文Of course there are.But a research member explained that their reasons for listening to rock music may be wanting to remind themselves of their youth at that time.（当然有。但一位研究人员解释说，他们听摇滚乐的原因可能是想提醒自己当时还年轻。）可知说的是摇滚乐，结合选项，应说但你一定在想："难道没有老年人仍然喜欢摇滚乐吗？"。故选E。
本文讲述了不同年龄阶段的人喜欢不同的音乐。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。

37.【答案】【小题1】who
【小题2】with
【小题3】to
【小题4】before
【小题5】are
【解析】（1）考查疑问代词。句意：没有人知道铅笔是谁发明的，什么时候发明的。由句子结构可知，空缺处应填who（谁）引导宾语从句，故填：who。
（2）考查介词。句意：他说那是一块木头，里面有铅。由语境可知，空缺处应填with（带有），故填：with。
（3）考查不定式标志。句意：当人们用钢笔写字时，每隔几个字母就要把笔尖放进墨水里。have to do sth.不得不做某事；由语境可知，空缺处应填to,故填：to。
（4）考查连词。句意：在你再次加满它之前，一支自来水笔可以写好几页。由语境可知，空缺处应填连词before（在……之前）引导时间状语从句，故填：before。
（5）考查系动词。句意：无论它们叫什么，我们每天都在使用它们。由句子结构可知，句子是一般现在时的被动语态，其结构是be done,主语they,空缺处应填are,故填：are。
短文主要介绍了铅笔、钢笔、圆珠笔的来历，也就是不同种类笔的发明情况。
先通读全文，根据所给的信息，结合词组固定搭配和语境，填出适当的单词。

38.【答案】【小题1】surprised
【小题2】zoo
【小题3】when
【小题4】make
【小题5】Others
【小题6】Why
【小题7】found
【小题8】smartest
【小题9】taught
【小题10】secrets
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：当科学家们把麦克风放在水下听到各种各样的噪音时，他们感到惊讶。结合when they put a microphone （麦克风） underwater and heard all kinds of noises.（当科学家们把麦克风放在水下听到各种各样的噪音时，）可知是感到惊讶，故填surprised。
（2）考查名词。句意：海底就像一个动物园！结合句意选择zoo动物园，结合a用单数，故填zoo。
（3）考查连词。句意：当科学家们发现这些噪音来自鱼类时，他们无法理解。结合句意用when引导的时间状语从句，故填when。
（4）考查动词。句意：有些鱼磨牙发出噪音。make noise发出噪音，结合have用一般现在时，主语some fish复数，故填make。
（5）考查代词。句意：其他人则通过体内的气囊发出声音。结合前面的some后用others其他的，故填Others。
（6）考查疑问词。句意：鱼为什么发出这些声音多少有些神秘。结合mystery选择why为什么，故填Why。
（7）考查动词。句意：科学家发现海豚知道一些声音的含义。结合out选择find out发现，结合have用现在完成时，故填found。
（8）考查最高级。句意：测试表明，它是海洋中最聪明的动物之一。one of+the+最高级+名词复数，表示最……的在……之一，故填smartest。
（9）考查动词。句意：测试表明，它是海洋中最聪明的动物之一。结合to sing用动词teach,结合have been用被动语态，故填taught。
（10）考查名词。句意：不久的将来，我们可能会和海豚交谈，了解许多海洋的秘密。结合句意用名词secret秘密，结合many用复数，故填secrets。
本文讲述了海底，鱼儿发出很多声音，不久的将来，会更多的了解海洋的秘密。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。

39.【答案】My successful experience    Hello,everyone!
Last night after I had my supper,I went to do my math homework.I finished all the work except the last one in half an hour,but the last one was the most difficult of all.（遇到过什么困难）I tried many ways,but I still couldn't work it out.An hour later,I wanted to give up.But my father told me to keep on working.I worked it out with the help of my father at last.（如何克服困难的）I smiled,and so did my father.【高分句型一】From that I know nothing in the world is impossible if I set my mind to do it.Just remember"believe myself,and I will win"，then I can overcome any difficulty.【高分句型二】（体会）
    Thank you for your listening.
【解析】【高分句型一】
I smiled,and so did my father.我笑了，我的父亲也笑了。so+助动词+主语，表示某人也一样。
【高分句型二】
From that I know nothing in the world is impossible if I set my mind to do it. 由此我知道，如果我下定决心去做，世界上没有什么是不可能的。if引导的条件状语从句。set one's  mind to do 下定决心做某事。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。