2022年高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读理解考点分类练二细节理解题__间接信息类含解析

考点分类练(二)　细节理解题——间接信息类

A

(2021·山东日照一模)

A Bangladeshi boy has won the International Children’s Peace Prize for his work to fight cyberbullying(网络欺凌) in his country.

The prize winner, Sadat Rahman, promised to keep fighting online abuse until it no longer exists.“The fight against cyberbullying is like a war, and in this war I am a fearless fighter,” Sadat Rahman said during a ceremony. He added,“If everybody keeps supporting me, then together we will win this battle against cyberbullying.”

Rahman developed a mobile phone application that provides education about online bullying and a way to report relevant cases. He said he began his work on the project after hearing the story of a 15-year-old girl who took her own life as a result of cyberbullying.“I will not stop until we receive no more cases through the app,” Rahman said at the ceremony.

The award comes with a fund of over $118,000, which is invested by the KidsRights Foundation. The group chooses projects to support the causes that are closely linked to the winner’s work.

Past well-known winners of the prize include Pakistani human rights activist Malala Yousafzai and Swedish climate activist Greta Thunberg. And the students who organised the March for Our Lives event in 2018 after a deadly mass shooting at their school in the American state of Florida also won the prize.

Yousafzai praised Rahman’s work during the ceremony. She spoke through video conferencing.“All children have the right to be protected from violence no matter if it is physical or mental, offline or online,” she said.“Cyberbullying is a violation of that right.”

1.WhatdoesSadatRahmandevotehimselfto?

A.Battling online violence.

B.Helping poor children.

C.Being a brave fighter.

D.Removing school bullying.

2.WhatcausedSadatRahmantostarthisproject?

A.People’s lack of education.

B.His own experience of being bullied.

C.A girl’s death from cyberbullying.

D.The wide use of mobile phone apps.

3.What is paragraph 5 mainly about?

A.The March for Our Lives event.

B.Human rights activists in the world.

C.A horrible school shooting.

D.Some previous winners of the prize.

4.What can we infer from Yousafzai’s words?

A.Rahman’s efforts have paid off.

B.Cyberbullying should be got rid of.

C.All children have the right to fight against violence.

D.Children are faced with physical and mental bullying.

B

(2021·广东肇庆三模)

True, people remember what you wear. After a social event, we all remember the woman in red, or the man with the top hat. But in terms of making a good impression, being memorable is not just about novelty or fashion, but attraction, both physical and emotional.

In a 2020 study, Andre Ndobo found people tended to remember the extremes: both attractive and unattractive faces. He acknowledged that one suggested explanation was that both are characterised by distinctive features that promote facial recognition when compared with faces of average attractiveness. But while distinctiveness is memorable, beauty is skin-deep. Accordingly, the way you are remembered by others is often not about what you wear and how you look but about the way you make people feel.

Professional interaction can create positive personal memories. Adrie A.Koehler, in a piece entitled “In the Eye of the Beholder” (2017), found that when asked to recall their best learning experience, many students discussed a memorable teacher. What made the teachers memorable? According to the students, memorable qualities included not only teaching styles, but also interpersonal skills and positive qualities such as a sense of humour.

We can relate to the results of this study when recalling people who are memorable in our own lives. They are not always people who we believed to be the smartest or most believed, but often those who made us feel the most comfortable, and who were most interested in us. Sincere interest is uniquely attractive. Not only will you remember what someone said, but they will also remember you.

Regardless of what we wear or how we look, we are always naturally more appealing and approachable when we focus on others and when we are genuine rather than simply sociable. Remember that, and others will remember you.

5.WhyisanunattractivefacerememberedaccordingtoAndreNdobo?

A.It creates positive memories.

B.There’s something special about it.

C.It makes people feel uncomfortable.

D.People often try hard to avoid seeing it.

6.What can we infer from the text?

A.Smart people are especially attractive.

B.Teaching styles impress students most.

C.The best learning experience is hard to gain.

D.Sincere attention is useful in communication.

7.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A.You are what you wear

B.Mind the impression you make

C.How can we improve our self-image?

D.What do people remember about you?

C

(2021·吉林高三下学期第三次调研)

In an effort to fight the throw-away culture and promote reuse and repair, the city of Berlin has taken the unique step of opening its own second-hand department store.

This isn’t your grandma’s thrift shop. It resells perfectly good items that would otherwise be thrown away. B-Wa(h)renhaus sells a wide variety of products. Far from simply selling old items, the electronic goods have been fixed by expert technicians and come with a year’s guarantee. And, to reach more second-hand shoppers, the store was set up right in the middle of the famous Karstadt department store.

With the success of its initial six-month trial run, the city plans to open four more similar operations in other parts of Berlin. By 2030, it hopes to have at least one location in each of Berlin’s 12 districts. Since 2008, city policies and educational campaigns have reduced average annual household waste by about 25 pounds per resident. It also recycles about 49% of its mineral construction waste. Currently, the city estimates that 8% of abandoned electronic goods and 6% of huge items thrown away can actually be reused. The goal is to expand the market for these items beyond the usual bargain hunters and eco-conscious consumers.

“Three years ago, we started collecting all kinds of used goods,” city spokesperson Dorothee Winden said,“There are lots of things that are well-preserved but aren’t being used anymore. The goal is to give these things a new life with somebody who can use them.” The store also includes an education centre to encourage more sustainable lifestyles, and gives an award to a project that recycles school uniforms, so that parents don’t have to buy new ones every year.

8.WhyhasBerlinopeneditsownsecond-handdepartmentstore?

A.To attract more shoppers.

B.To promote recycling.

C.To promote traditional culture.

D.To sell insurance.

9.In which aspect is B-Wa(h)renhaus different from the traditional second-hand store?

A.The variety of the goods.

B.The location of the store.

C.The quality of the products.

D.The operation of the store.

10.What can we infer from paragraph 3?

A.Berlin currently has 4 second-hand stores in construction.

B.Berlin has been successful in cutting its waste since 2008.

C.It is not easy to make the goal to expand the market a reality.

D.It is estimated that Berlin will be a zero-waste city by 2030.

11.What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text?

A.To introduce Berlin’s new second-hand store operation.

B.To raise people’s awareness of reasonable shopping.

C.To persuade people to become eco-friendly shoppers.

D.To encourage more people to donate to second-hand shops.

考点分类练(二)　细节理解题——间接信息类

【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了孟加拉国的一名男孩因反网络欺凌而获得了国际儿童和平奖。

1.A　解析:细节理解题。根据第二段的 “Theprizewinner,SadatRahman,promisedtokeepfightingonlineabuseuntilitnolongerexists.” 可知,SadatRahman承诺继续打击网络欺凌, 直到它不复存在为止。也就是说, 他致力于打击网络暴力。故选A项。

2.C　解析:细节理解题。根据第三段的 “Hesaidhebeganhisworkontheprojectafterhearingthestoryofa15-year-oldgirlwhotookherownlifeasaresultofcyberbullying.” 可知, 一个女孩死于网络欺凌这件事使SadatRahman开始了他的项目。故选C项。

3.D　解析:段落大意题。第五段的关键信息是Pastwell-knownwinnersoftheprize。由此可知, 本段主要讲述了该奖项以前的一些获奖者。故选D项。

4.B　解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段的 “Allchildrenhavetherighttobeprotectedfromviolencenomatterifitisphysicalormental,offlineoronline...Cyberbullyingisaviolationofthatright.” 可知, 所有儿童都有免受暴力侵害的权利, 无论是身体的还是心理的, 无论是线下的还是线上的……网络欺凌是对这项权利的侵犯。由此可以推断, 网络欺凌应该被消除。故选B项。

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们对别人哪些方面的表现更容易留下深刻印象。

5.B　解析:细节理解题。根据第二段的 “...botharecharacterisedbydistinctivefeaturesthatpromotefacialrecognitionwhencomparedwithfacesofaverageattractiveness.” 可知, 一张没有吸引力的脸会被记住是因为它有一些特别之处。故选B项。

6.D　解析:推理判断题。根据第四段的 “Sincereinterestisuniquelyattractive.Notonlywillyourememberwhatsomeonesaid,buttheywillalsorememberyou.” 可知, 真诚的关注在沟通中是有用的。故选D项。

7.D　解析:标题归纳题。根据第一段的 “Butintermsofmakingagoodimpression,beingmemorableisnotjustaboutnoveltyorfashion,butattraction,bothphysicalandemotional.” 以及后文的描述可知,D项是最好的标题。故选D项。

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了德国柏林政府为推动废弃物再利用理念而开设二手商店的举措。

8.B　解析:细节理解题。根据第一段 “Inanefforttofightthethrow-awaycultureandpromotereuseandrepair,thecityofBerlinhastakentheuniquestepofopeningitsownsecond-handdepartmentstore.” 可知, 柏林开设二手商店是为了促进回收利用。故选B项。

9.C　解析:推理判断题。根据第二段的 “Itresellsperfectlygooditemsthatwouldotherwisebethrownaway.” 和 “Farfromsimplysellingolditems,theelectronicgoodshavebeenfixedbyexperttechniciansandcomewithayear’sguarantee.” 可知, 它的产品质量不同于传统的旧货店。故选C项。

10.B　解析:推理判断题。根据第三段的 “Since2008,citypoliciesandeducationalcampaignshavereducedaverageannualhouseholdwastebyabout25poundsperresident.Italsorecyclesabout49%ofitsmineralconstructionwaste.” 可推断, 自2008年以来, 柏林在减少废弃物方面做得很成功。故选B项。

11.A　解析:推理判断题。通读全文可知, 作者在文章中主要介绍了柏林政府为推动废弃物再利用理念而开设二手商店的举措, 并介绍了柏林市回收再利用商店的运作情况。故选A项。