天津高考英语阅读表达专项训练

这是一份天津高考英语阅读表达专项训练，共19页。
阅读表达
一、阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
I was sitting in a chemistry class when I and six other kids were called down to the counselor’s (顾问) office. It was pretty strange because none of us were “ problem ” students. We were all curious about what she wanted to say.
This was when she told us she would be choosing one of us to be nominated (提名) for the largest scholarship in Canada. It was a very strange moment; I never realized I was that excellent. She said, since we all had a similar high average, she would talk to our teachers to see who was the most deserving.
A week later, I got an email from the counselor; it was addressed to me and another student at the meeting. I was shocked; this must have meant we were the two people she would be choosing from. We were required to write about where we see ourselves in ten years; I knew I had to make this count. I spoke from the heart, depicting my perfect life: living in the big city, having finished my degree, doing what I loved every day.
About a week later, I got called back to her office, only me. I didn’t want to be overexcited because maybe she was being personal, telling me I wasn’t chosen. She told me I was the one picked. Nobody could have controlled my smile, what a moment.
She told me about all the nice things my teachers said about me; I never realized I was held in such high-regard to them. Over 350,000 students graduate from high school every year and I was one of the only 1,500 kids nominated for this scholarship across all of Canada.
Unfortunately, I didn’t win but I’d still like to thank everyone who helped me get to where I am today.
1．Why did the author feel surprised when he was called to the office? ( no more than 10 words )
2．Why did the school went to choose from the six students? ( no more than 5 words )
3．What does he underlined word “ depicting ” in the third paragraph probably men? ( 1 word )
4．What was the purpose of the counselor calling the author to her office again? ( no more than 10 words )
5．What do you want to say to those who ever have given you recognition and help? ( no more than 20 words )

二、阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
When my mother passed away a few years ago, my 85-year-old father was left alone in the large house they had shared for 50 years. Without her to watch out for him, he worried about who would find him and help if “something happened. ”
My sister and I live in other states, so we hit on the idea that Dad could send us an e-mail every morning when he awoke. Thus was born the Morning Report.
He’s usually up at dawn, and his half a dozen or so sentences are waiting in my inbox when I wake up. If there’s no e-mail, I call him, or my sister does, to make sure everything is fine.
The reports have become more than a daily check, though: They’re a diary of sorts, a stimulation for more extended conversations, and a source of insight into his life. Through them, Dad tells us about his daily routines. I find his repeated activities — current-events discussion group on Tuesday nights, Chess Club on Wednesday afternoons, and coffee with friends on Sunday morning — reassuring (使人放心的).
Recently he told us, “I’ve climbed halfway up Mount Washington!” Given his age and distance from New Hampshire, such a hike was unlikely. I was confused for a day or two until he reminded me he was working on a hooked rug with a scene of the mountain.
Each e-mail closes with “All my love, Dad.” When my mother was alive, that sentiment (情绪) was normally reserved for her. Now that she is gone, he shares those feelings and his experiences with us. For me, what started as a simple security measure has spawned a deeper closeness.
I’m grateful my father is still able to manage his computer and the Internet. I know the day will come when he’ll no longer be able to write the reports, and we’ll have to find other ways to keep each other under observation. But until then, they are our way of knowing that another normal day has begun.
1．What was the author’s concern about her father after her mother passed away? (no more than 10 words)
2．How does the author know about her father’s daily life through the Morning Report? (no more than 15 words)
3．Why does the author think her father’s repeated activities are reassuring? (no more than 10 words)
4．What does the underlined word “spawned” mean in the sixth paragraph? (no more than 1 word)
5．What do you think of the author’s father? Give your reason. (no more than 20 words)

三、阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Whenever I heard strangers singing out loud, whether it was in the supermarket or on the street, I used to think how annoying it was. That was until a few months ago.
Recently, my daughter Zoe started her second year of middle school with a new sense of awareness, asking me to fix the “little girl” pattern on her wheel-chair seat. Not wanting her to stand out at school, I spent hours filling in pale yellow stars with a black marker, eager to erase whatever childish signs I could.
Shortly after, Zoe got really sick and had to miss 20 days of school. This meant our days were filled with rushing between hospital appointments and meetings with the school, as we tried to make sure she didn’t fall behind on her schoolwork.
I felt pulled back to a time when she was little and her sickness was a huge part of her life. Back then, it seemed like Zoe lived in hospitals, as she spent so much time in them. No matter how sick she got, however, she always had a positive attitude.
But this was different: Zoe was no longer singing like she normally did. Zoe usually sings all the time, whether she’s playing, riding in the car, or just doing her homework. There was no need for a radio in our house; Zoe provided the music for us.
Consumed (被折磨) with my motherly worries, it was more concerning to me than her sickness.
One day, however, I heard her beautiful voice as I was cooking dinner. I stopped what I was doing and just smiled. “Pure delight,” I thought to myself. Her voice slowly grew stronger, and soon, both the car and the house were filled with her music once more.
How had I not noticed her singing had completely stopped, weeks and weeks ago? Now, thankfully, she’s back in school, smiling and singing, and I’m thankful for each and every song she sings.
These days, whenever I hear a stranger singing a song to themselves, I don’t get mad. Instead, I smile, as I know that by singing out loud, they’re simply sharing their happiness with the world.
1．How did the author use to feel when she heard strangers singing? (no more than 5 words)
2．What do you think Zoe was like? (no more than 10 words)
3．What does “it” in Paragraph 6 refer to? (no more than 10 words)
4．Why did the author say “There was no need for a radio in our house”? (no more than 15 words)
5．What does singing mean to people, according to the author? (no more than 15 words)

四、At the age of seven, while his friends were spending their allowances on candy and toys, Jose Adolfo was busy saving money for basic purchases. Later, the boy from Peru came up with the idea of an eco-bank, the Bartselana Student Bank, which allows kids of all ages to become financially independent while also helping the environment.
Set up in 2012, the bank is the world's first bank for kids. To become a member, a kid has to bring in at least 5 kilograms of solid waste and set a saving goal. Once accepted, all bank “partners” are required to deposit at least one additional kilogram of recyclables on a monthly basis and observe other requirements, such as attending financial education and environmental management workshops.
The waste accumulated is sold to local recycling companies, which, thanks to Jose's efforts, pay a higher-than-market rate for everything from the bank members. The money received is placed in the personal account where they collect until the saving goal is reached. The account holder can then withdraw the money, or choose to leave it and make it grow for a bigger target. “At the beginning, my teachers thought I was crazy or that a child could not undertake this type of project,” Jose recalls. “They did not understand that we are not the future of the country but its present. Luckily, I had the support of the school headmaster and an assistant in my class.”
The boy's efforts paid off, and by 2013, the bank had over 200 members, who brought in one ton of recyclable waste. Today, the eco-bank, which now has the support of several local institutions, boasts ten educational centers. They are designed to teach over 3, 000 students, aged 10 to 18, to become financially independent, use their money wisely, and help the environment.
1．What is the purpose of Jose setting up the eco-bank? (no more than 10 words)
2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? (no more than 10 words)
3．What was the teachers’ attitude towards the project at the beginning? (no more than 5 words)
4．Please explain the meaning of the underlined word “boasts” in Paragraph 4. (1 word)
5．What do you think of the eco-bank? Please explain. (no more than 20 words)

五、I’m not an athlete, but I am a lover of the Olympics. My biggest sports moment ever didn’t require me to be the fastest, the highest, or the strongest. It just required me to be in the right place at the right time, and catch the opportunity when it came to me. It was to carry our national flag for the Olympic Torch Relay.
As a part of the celebration, flag bearers (旗手) were needed. I served in the army at that time and the Olympic organizers asked for volunteers to help carry some of the flags. Although it demanded that I give up part of my weekends and get up early, I thought that it was the chance of a lifetime.
There were several different groups that took part in the event as flag bearers. We soldiers were going to be out in front leading them. On the day of the event, we arrived early at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum. Many people arrived to see the flame arrive from Greece, and the beginning of the Olympic Torch Relay. It was exciting to wait for our turn to enter the coliseum.
As a flag bearer, I was supposed to run out in front. Though the flag was fairly heavy, I picked it up and ran with it. I ran past rows of people. I ran through television cameras. It was one of the most amazing experiences of my life, being able to carry our national flag in an international event like the Olympics. I was very proud of it.
I had never been able to attend the Olympics, and I might never be important enough to carry an Olympic torch or anything like that, but I did get to carry our national flag in the torch relay, although I will no longer have the opportunity to carry the flag in the Olympics, and that would be one sports experience that would be difficult to forget.
1．What was the author when the Olympics were hosted in Los Angeles?   (no more than 6 words)
2．What was the author asked to do as a volunteer? (no more than 10 words)
3．What’s the meaning of the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2? (no more than 10 words)
4．How many times has the author carried the flag in the Olympics?   (no more than 2 words)
5．Do you want to be a flag bearer? Why or why not? (no more than 20 words)

六、阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。
Reading broadens our horizons and gives us wisdom. Reading can also be a bridge bonding family members.
Rose is my daughter. I read stories to her every night when she was a little girl. So I had her captivated by books when she was at an early age. For example, almost every night she would go to bed early, waiting for my reading. When Rose was about eight, we changed our routine. We took turns selecting our books and reading out loud.
There was no regular pattern in the books selected. I remember that we began with Robert Louis Stevenson’s Treasure Island, enjoying the company of those rough sailors and stumbling (结结巴巴地读) over the eighteenth-century seamen’s dialect. But we loved the book, and learned a lot about pirates daily life, adventures, tricks, greed and so on. We later went through many books, like the chick lit series.
In due course Rose grew up and left for McGill University in Montreal. She was educated in French and was enthusiastic about speaking the language. Her first visit home was at Christmas.
There was a gift from her, an audiobook with six cassettes. It was Sophie Kinsella’s Shopaholic Takes Manhattan, read by Rose. Her reading was interrupted occasionally by a giggle, and her voice made me remember how happily Rose and I read together in our bedroom every night when she was a kid.
As I write this, Rose is a third-year medical student at Dalhousie University. Now she is interested in medicine while I am interested in history. However, we manage to combine our different personal interests. We recommend selected reading materials to each other. We are currently loving The Crimson Portraitby Jody Shields, a well written novel about the development of plastic surgery during World War I. Our first written collaboration an article on Canadian medical history, will be published this year.
1．What does the underlined word “captivated” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? (Only 1 word)
2．What did the author and her daughter learn from Treasure Island? (no more than 10 words)
3．What did Rose’s reading Shopaholic Takes Manhattan make the author remember? (no more than 10 words)
4．How were the author’s interest and Rose’s interest combined? (no more than 10 words)
5．What do you think of the author’s way of bringing up her daughter? (no more than 20 words)

七、阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Many of the present generation of recent over 18s do not feel like adults, according to a survey by Nationwide Building Society, and those commenting online seem to agree. The study of 2, 000 over-18s found more than one in 10 did not think of themselves as fully fledged（成熟的）grown-ups until they reached the age of 27．
Lisa Daisy, 34 said, “Even after a career for 10 years, it still took being married to make me feel grown-up. ”
But 42-year-old, Carole Lutringer said she felt like an adult when she was very young. “I had to cook from my early age, because my mother worked as a headteacher. ” she said. “My mother came back home late and my father was pretty useless in the kitchen. I had to be independent from really early on, and that’s probably what made me feel grown-up earlier than most of my peers. ”
Sana Khalid also had adulthood thrust upon her. She said it was the death of her father that made her grow up, at the age of 17. “Being the eldest child, a lot of responsibility fell on my shoulders. ” she said.
Of course 2,000 people asked when they felt like adults, the transition happened for half in their 20s, while a fifth said it happened in their 30s. One in 20 felt they had not grown up until their 40s. Of course questioned, 55% said being an adult was dependent on major life events, for example having children, moving out of parental home or getting married.
For others, such as Elaine Smith, in London, adulthood is only a state of mind. “I still don’t feel grown-up. ” she said. “I can’t believe I am responsible for looking after a four-year-old. How did that happen? I’m 44 this year, so it may happen soon. ” Commenting online, Sophie counter agreed, “I’m 42, ” she said. “I have an 11-year-old, a seven-month-old, a husband and I still don’t feel grown-up” Melinda Wilmot said, “I’m 58 and still waiting to grow up. ”
1．What does the survey focus on? (No more than 10 words)
2．What made Carole Lutringer feel grow—up? (No more than 10 words. )
3．What does the underlined part “had adulthood thrust upon her”   in paragraph 4 probably mean? (No more than 5 words)
4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? (No more than 10 words)
5．What do you think growing up really means? And why? (No more than 25 words)

八、阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
It was a tough situation. At 8,700 meters above sea level, Zhang Hong and his team members faced a difficult decision. Based on the oxygen they had consumed, they might not have enough to reach the summit of Qomolangma. Should they press on or turn back?
Zhang’s guide Chen Tao made a quick decision that he and the two photographers with the group should immediately withdraw and leave their oxygen tanks to Zhang to let him finish the climb to the summit of the mountain.
The wind was strong, and Zhang was terrified. The three Sherpa guides didn’t speak Chinese and their English instructions to Zhang were muffled by the high wind. And there was additional difficulty for Zhang — he can’t see.
To walk on a path was often hard for the Chinese mountaineer. And there was no actual path on the mountain. Zhang had to follow the guides’ directions precisely on every single step. The guides told him in which direction to go and the length of each step. But one mistake could cost Zhang his life.
At first, Zhang didn’t want to continue. But Chen told Zhang “if you don’t continue, this may be the last chance you have to reach the top of Qomolangma, while I will still have more chances”. There was no time left for 46-year-old Zhang to argue with Chen and Chen gave Zhang a gentle nudge to hurry him on.
Zhang continued his climb with one guide in front of him and two behind. After several more hours’ climbing, the guide leading the way told Zhang that he was standing at the top of the mountain. Zhang was first visually impaired person from Asia ever to conquer the world’s highest peak.
On the rock face of the mountain, Zhang etched his name alongside that of Erik Weihenmayer and Andy Holzer, who completed the feat in 2001 and 2017 respectively. They are the only three blind mountaineers to have climbed Qomolangma.
1．Why did Chen decide to withdraw while letting Zhang finish the climb?(no more than 10 words)
2．How do you understand the underlined part in Paragraph 3? (no more than 10 words)
3．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 5? (no more than 10 words)
4．What made Zhang different from other mountaineers who reached the summit of Qomolangma? (no more than 10 words)
5．What’s your attitude towards the “mountain” in your life? Please explain. (no more than 20 words)


参考答案：
1．Because they were not “ problem ” students.
2．Because they were all excellent.
3．Describe.
4．To tell him he was chosen by the school.
5．I want to say to them: thank you for your help and recognition, which gives me the confidence to succeed.
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在被学校选为加拿大最大奖学金的提名人。他从来没想到老师对他的评价这么高。虽然最终落选，但发自内心对他们的认可和帮助表示感激。
1．考查推理判断。根据第一段的“It was pretty strange because none of us were “ problem ” students.   (这很奇怪，因为我们都不是‘问题’学生)”推知，作者对被叫去办公室感到吃惊是因为他们不是问题学生。故填：Because they were not “ problem ” students.
2．考查细节理解。根据第二段的“It was a very strange moment; I never realized I was that excellent. She said, since we all had a similar high average, she would talk to our teachers to see who was the most deserving. (这是一个非常奇怪的时刻；我从没意识到自己这么优秀。她说，因为我们的平均成绩都差不多高，她会和我们的老师谈谈，看看谁最应该得到这个奖)”可知，因为这6个学生都同样优秀，所以学校要从他们中进行选择。故填：Because they were all excellent.
3．考查词句猜测。根据划线词下文“living in the big city, having finished my degree, doing what I loved every day. (住在大城市，拿到学位，每天做自己喜欢的事情)”可知，作者描述了自己未来的生活。由此推知depicting意为“描述”，与describe同义。故填：Describe.
4．考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段的“About a week later, I got called back to her office, only me. I didn’t want to be overexcited because maybe she was being personal, telling me I wasn’t chosen. She told me I was the one picked. (大约一周后，我被叫回她的办公室，只有我一个人。我不想过于兴奋，因为她可能是出于个人原因，告诉我我没有被选中。她告诉我我是被选中的人)”可知，顾问再次叫作者去办公室是为了告诉他他被学校选中了。故填：To tell him he was chosen by the school.
5．开放性问题。结合文章主旨，答案符合逻辑即可，注意字数。例如：I want to say to them: thank you for your help and recognition, which gives me the confidence to succeed.

二、1．He lived alone and nobody watched out for/looked after/took care of/cared for him.
或：He lived alone with nobody watching out for/looking after/taking care of/caring for him.
或：Nobody watched out for/looked after/took care of him.
或：Nobody helped him when he had problems/nobody helped him when he was in need.
2．Her father sends her an e-mail every morning to tell her what he did.
或：She knows what he did /his everyday activities from his e-mail sent every morning.
或She knows that her father lives a full life/an active life.
或：Her father enjoys his colorful life.
3. Her father has his own social circle/social life.
或：Her father has a lot of things/interesting things to do /is not lonely at all.
4．Developed/created/produced.
5．He is humorous. He said he was climbing Mount Washington when he was working on a hooked rug with a scene of the mountain.
或： He is a man full of love. He closes every e-mail with “All my love, Dad”.
或：He is clever and keeps up with development.
或：He is still able to manage computers and the Internet at his age.
本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的母亲去世后，作者和妹妹因为担心父亲一个人生活，而让父亲每天给她们发邮件来确定平安。而这些邮件增进了他们之间的感情。
1．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“When my mother passed away a few years ago, my 85-year-old father was left alone in the large house they had shared for 50 years. Without her to watch out for him, he worried about who would find him and help if “something happened.”(几年前，我母亲去世了，我85岁的父亲独自留在他们共同居住了50年的大房子里。没有她照顾他，他担心如果“发生了什么事”，谁会找到他并帮助他。)”可知，作者对父亲的担忧是父亲一个人生活没有人可以照顾他。而且作者还担心万一有事发生，没有人帮助他。故答案为He lived alone and nobody watched out for/looked after/took care of/cared for him. 或：He lived alone with nobody watching out for/looking after/taking care of/caring for him. 或：Nobody watched out for/looked after/took care of him. 或：Nobody helped him when he had problems/nobody helped him when he was in need.
2．考查推理判断。根据第三段“He’s usually up at dawn, and his half a dozen or so sentences are waiting in my inbox when I wake up.(他通常在黎明就起床了，当我醒来时，他的半打左右的邮件或者说句子就在我的收件箱里等着我。)”以及第四段“The reports have become more than a daily check, though: They’re a diary of sorts, a stimulation for more extended conversations, and a source of insight into his life. Through them, Dad tells us about his daily routines.(不过，这些报告已经不仅仅是每天的检查：它们是某种日记，是对更深入对话的激励，也是对他生活的洞察。通过它们，爸爸告诉我们他的日常生活。)”可推断，作者是通过爸爸每天早晨发来的邮件来了解爸爸的日常生活。故答案为：Her father sends her an e-mail every morning to tell her what he did.或：She knows what he did/his everyday activities from his e-mail sent every morning.
3．考查细节理解。根据第四段“I find his repeated activities — current-events discussion group on Tuesday nights, Chess Club on Wednesday afternoons, and coffee with friends on Sunday morning — reassuring (使人放心的).(我发现他重复的活动——周二晚上时事讨论小组，周三下午国际象棋俱乐部，周日早上和朋友喝咖啡——让我感到安心。)”可知，作者之所以感到安心，是因为作者知道自己的爸爸过着多姿多彩的生活，或者是因为作者知道自己的爸爸有事可做，并不孤单。故答案为：She knows that her father lives a full life/an active life.或：Her father enjoys his colorful life. 或：Her father has his own social circle/social life. 或：Her father has a lot of things/interesting things to do /is not lonely at all.
4．考查词义猜测。根据第六段划线词上文“Now that she is gone, he shares those feelings and his experiences with us. (现在她走了，他和我们分享他的感受和他的经历。)”可知，作者的爸爸每天和作者分享他的经历。结合常识可猜测，这样的分享最终可以发展或产生他们之间的亲密关系。所以spawned为“产生、发展”之意。故答案为：Developed/created/produced.
5．考查推理判断。根据第五段“Recently he told us, “I’ve climbed halfway up Mount Washington!” Given his age and distance from New Hampshire, such a hike was unlikely. I was confused for a day or two until he reminded me he was working on a hooked rug with a scene of the mountain.(最近他告诉我们：“我已经爬上了华盛顿山的半山腰!”考虑到他的年龄和距离新罕布什尔州的距离，这样的远足是不可能的。我困惑了一两天，直到他提醒我，他正在制作一张带有山景的钩形地毯。)”可知，作者的爸爸是个幽默的人。根据第六段“Each e-mail closes with “All my love, Dad.”(每封电子邮件的结尾都是“爱你的，爸爸。”)”可知，作者的爸爸是个有爱的人。根据最后一段“I’m grateful my father is still able to manage his computer and the Internet.(我很感激我的父亲仍然能够管理他的电脑和互联网。)”可知，作者的爸爸是个聪明的人，因为爸爸这么大年纪还能用电脑。故答案为：He is humorous. He said he was climbing Mount Washington when he was working on a hooked rug with a scene of the mountain.或：He is a man full of love. He closes every e-mail with “All my love, Dad”.或：He is clever and keeps up with development. 或：He is still able to manage computers and the Internet at his age.

三、1．She used to feel annoyed.
2．She has a positive attitude and loves singing.
3．Zoe was no longer singing like she normally did.
4．Zoe usually sings all the time and provided the music for us.
5．Singing out loud simply means sharing their happiness with the world.
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了我曾经不太喜欢听陌生人大声唱歌，但在喜欢唱歌的女儿佐伊一次病重后，几个星期她都不曾唱过歌，我才发现，原来唱歌是一种表达快乐的方式，我再也不讨厌陌生人唱歌给自己听。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一句“Whenever I heard strangers singing out loud, whether it was in the supermarket or on the street, I used to think how annoying it was.（每当我听见陌生人大声唱歌,无论是在超市还是在大街上,我曾经认为是多么恼人的事情。）”可知，当作者听到陌生人唱歌时，她过去常常感到很恼火。故答案为She used to feel annoyed.
2．推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后一句“No matter how sick she got, however, she always had a positive attitude.（然而，无论她病得多厉害，她总是有一个积极的态度。）”和第五段第二句“Zoe usually sings all the time, whether she’s playing, riding in the car, or just doing her homework.（佐伊通常会一直唱歌，无论是在演奏、开车还是做作业。）”可推知，佐伊应该是一个热爱唱歌且态度积极的人。故答案为She has a positive attitude and loves singing.
3．词句猜测题。根据文章第五段第一句“But this was different: Zoe was no longer singing like she normally did.（但这次不同了：佐伊不再像往常那样唱歌了。）”和第六段“Consumed (被折磨) with my motherly worries, it was more concerning to me than her sickness.（我满脑子都是母亲般的忧虑，这比她的病更让我担心。）”结合语境可知，it指的是作为母亲的我对佐伊的担忧和忧虑，即佐伊不再像往常那样唱歌了。故答案为Zoe was no longer singing like she normally did.
4．细节理解题。根据文章第五段二、三句“Zoe usually sings all the time, whether she’s playing, riding in the car, or just doing her homework. There was no need for a radio in our house; Zoe provided the music for us.（佐伊通常会一直唱歌，无论是在演奏、开车还是做作业。我们家不需要收音机：佐伊为我们提供了音乐。）”可知，作者说家里不需要收音机是因为佐伊通常会一直唱歌，为我们提供音乐。故答案为Zoe usually sings all the time and provided the music for us.
5．细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“Instead, I smile, as I know that by singing out loud, they’re simply sharing their happiness with the world.（相反，我微笑着，因为我知道，通过大声唱歌，他们只是在与世界分享他们的快乐。）”可知，作者认为，对于人们来说，大声唱歌是为了与世界分享他们的快乐。故答案为Singing out loud simply means sharing their happiness with the world.

四、1．To make kids financially independent and help the environment.
2．The requirements of (or: before and after) membership (or: being accepted).or: What a kid should do before and after membership (or: being accepted).
3．They were doubtful about it.or: They didn’t support it.or: They didn’t understand it.or: They weren’t optimistic about it.
4．Has/Owns/Possesses.
5．I think the eco-bank is environmentally friendly, because it helps the environment through recycling.
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了秘鲁的一位男孩Jose Adolfo Quisocola创办生态银行的过程，这个银行让各个年龄段的孩子在经济上独立，更加明智地对待金钱，同时也保护环境。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Later, the boy from Peru came up with the idea of an eco-bank, the Bartselana Student Bank, which allows kids of all ages to become financially independent while also helping the environment.(后来，这个来自秘鲁的男孩想出了一个生态银行的主意，Bartselana学生银行，它让所有年龄的孩子在经济上独立，同时也有助于保护环境。)”可知，男孩创立生态银行旨在储蓄的同时又能保护环境，故答案为：To make kids financially independent and help the environment。
2．主旨大意题。根据第二段“To become a member, a kid has to bring in at least 5 kilograms of solid waste and set a saving goal. (要成为会员，一个孩子必须带进至少5公斤的固体垃圾，并设定一个节约目标。)”和“Once accepted, all bank “partners” are required to deposit at least one additional kilogram of recyclables on a monthly basis and observe other requirements, such as attending financial education and environmental management workshops.(一旦被接受，所有银行“合作伙伴”都必须每月存放至少一公斤额外的可回收物，并遵守其他要求，例如参加金融教育和环境管理讲习班。)”可知，这一段主要在讲入会的条件和入会后必须遵守的要求，故答案为：The requirements of (or: before and after) membership (or: being accepted).or: What a kid should do before and after membership (or: being accepted)。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段“At the beginning, my teachers thought I was crazy or that a child could not undertake this type of project…(一开始，我的老师认为我疯了,一个孩子不能承担这种类型的项目)”可知，刚开始，老师并不看好我们的项目。故答案为：They were doubtful about it.or: They didn’t support it.or: They didn’t understand it.or: They weren’t optimistic about it。
4．词义猜测题。根据第四段“The boy's efforts paid off, and by 2013, the bank had over 200 members, who brought in one ton of recyclable waste. Today, the eco-bank, which now has the support of several local institutions, boasts ten educational centers.( 男孩的努力得到了回报，到2013年，这家银行已经有200多名成员，他们带来了一吨可回收的废物。如今，生态银行boasts10个教育中心，并得到了几个当地机构的支持。)”可知，教育中心是生态银行所“拥有的”，故答案为：Has/Owns/Possesses。
5．开放性试题。这是一道开放性题目，言之有理即可。要求观点明确，论证合理。例如，I think the eco-bank is environmentally friendly, because it helps the environment through recycling。

五、1．A soldier
Or: The author/He/She was a soldier.
Or: The author/He/She served in the army.
2．To carry his/her national flag for the Olympic Torch Relay.
3．It was a rare/precious/worthwhile/valuable chance.
Or: The chance was rare/precious/worthwhile/valuable.
Or: It was a chance that might not come again.
4．Only once./Once./One time.
5．Yes, I do. I would like to be a flag bearer because it is a great honor in the Olympics.
本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者对奥运会的热爱，讲述了作者有机会作为一个旗手参加奥运会感到无比自豪的故事。
1．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“I served in the army at that time and the Olympic organizers asked for volunteers to help carry some of the flags. (当时我在军队服役，奥运会组织者招募志愿者帮忙举一些旗子。)”可知，当奥运会在洛杉矶举办时，作者当时还在军队，当时作者的身份是军人。故答案为：A soldier.或者The author/He/She was a soldier.或者The author/He/She served in the army.
2．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Many people arrived to see the flame arrive from Greece, and the beginning of the Olympic Torch Relay. It was exciting to wait for our turn to enter the coliseum. (许多人赶来观看从希腊来的圣火以及奥运火炬接力的开始。等待轮到我们进入竞技场是令人兴奋的。)”和第四段的“Though the flag was fairly heavy, I picked it up and ran with it. I ran past rows of people. I ran through television cameras. It was one of the most amazing experiences of my life, being able to carry our national flag in an international event like the Olympics. (尽管旗子相当重，我还是把它拿起来带着它奔跑。我跑过一排排的人。我从电视摄像机前跑过。能在奥运会这样的国际赛事上举着我们的国旗，这是我一生中最美妙的经历之一。)”可知，作者作为志愿者担任奥林匹克运动会火炬接力的旗手。故答案为：To carry his/her national flag for the Olympic Torch Relay.
3．考查词句猜测。根据“Although it demanded that I give up part of my weekends and get up early, I thought that it was the chance of a lifetime.(虽然它要求我放弃部分周末并要早起，但我认为这是一生中难得的机会。)”可知，划线句是意思是“这是一生之中难得的一次宝贵机会”。故答案为：It was a rare/precious/worthwhile/valuable chance.或者The chance was rare/precious/worthwhile/valuable.或者It was a chance that might not come again.
4．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“I did get to carry our national flag in the torch relay, although I will no longer have the opportunity to carry the flag in the Olympics, and that would be one sports experience that would be difficult to forget. (我确实在火炬传递中举了我们的国旗，尽管我将不再有机会在奥运会上举国旗，这将是一个很难忘记的体育经历。)”可知，作者在奥运会上担任过一次旗手。故答案为：Only once.或者Once.或者One time.
5．开放性问题。言之成理皆可，例如：Yes, I do. I would like to be a flag bearer because it is a great honor in the Olympics.


六、1．attracted.
2．Pirates’ daily life, adventures, tricks, greed and so on.
3．The author remembered how happily Rose and I read together.
4．They recommended selected reading materials to each other.
5．I think it is very great because it made her daughter fall in love with reading.
1．词句猜测题。根据第二段的“For example, almost every night she would go to bed early, waiting for my reading.(例如，几乎每天晚上她都会早早上床睡觉，等待我的阅读。)”可知，作者的女儿喜欢读书，被书本吸引，划线词captivated的意思是“吸引”，是attracted，故答案为attracted。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段的“But we loved the book, and learned a lot about pirates daily life, adventures, tricks, greed and so on.(但我们喜欢这本书，并了解了很多关于海盗的日常生活，冒险，诡计，贪婪等。)”可知，作者和她的女儿从《金银岛》中学到了海盗的日常生活，冒险，诡计，贪婪等，故答案为Pirates’ daily life, adventures, tricks, greed and so on。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Her reading was interrupted occasionally by a giggle, and her voice made me remember how happily Rose and I read together in our bedroom every night when she was a kid.(她的阅读偶尔会被咯咯的笑声打断，她的声音让我想起，当她还是个孩子的时候，我每天晚上都和罗斯在我们的卧室里快乐地读书。)”可知，作者还记得和罗斯在一起读书时是多么快乐，故答案为The author remembered how happily Rose and I read together。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“However, we manage to combine our different personal interests. We recommend selected reading materials to each other.(然而，我们设法把我们不同的个人兴趣结合起来。我们互相推荐精选的阅读材料。)”可知，作者的兴趣和罗斯的兴趣是通过互相推荐精选的阅读材料来结合起来的，故答案为They recommended selected reading materials to each other。
5．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Reading broadens our horizons and gives us wisdom. Reading can also be a bridge bonding family members.(阅读开阔我们的视野，给我们智慧。阅读也可以成为联系家庭成员的桥梁。)”可知，阅读对人有很大的好处，因此作者使她的女儿爱上了阅读，这种养育方法非常好，故答案为I think it is very great because it made her daughter fall in love with reading。

七、1．When people feel they have reached adulthood.
2．Taking care of herself from an early age.
3．Forced adulthood on her.
4．Some people don’t feel grown-up even in their 40s.
5．Growing up has more to do with how we handle our emotions and responsibilities. It’s also about balancing work and play.
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述成年人对成年的感受。
1．考查细节理解题。由文章第一段“Many of the present generation of recent over 18s do not feel like adults, according to a survey by Nationwide Building Society, and those commenting online seem to agree. The study of 2, 000 over-18s found more than one in 10 did not think of themselves as fully fledged grown-ups until they reached the age of 27．(全国建筑协会（Nationwide Building Society）的一项调查显示，当代许多18岁以上的年轻人感觉自己不像成年人，而那些在网上发表评论的人似乎也同意这一点。这项对2000名18岁以上的青少年的研究发现，超过十分之一的青少年在27岁之前并不认为自己是成熟的成年人。)”可知，这调查主要着重研究当人们觉得自己已经长大成人。故答案为When people feel they have reached adulthood。
2．考查细节理解题。由文章第三段““I had to cook from my early age, because my mother worked as a headteacher. ” she said. “My mother came back home late and my father was pretty useless in the kitchen. I had to be independent from really early on, and that’s probably what made me feel grown-up earlier than most of my peers.”(我从小就得做饭，因为我母亲是一名班主任。”她说。“我妈妈回家晚了，我爸爸在厨房里很没用。我很早就必须独立，这可能就是为什么我觉得自己比大多数同龄人都早长大的原因。”)”可知，是 Carole Lutringer早期就学会独立照顾自己让他感觉长大了。故答案为Taking care of herself from an early age。
3．考查词句猜测题。由文章第四段“She said it was the death of her father that made her grow up, at the age of 17. “Being the eldest child, a lot of responsibility fell on my shoulders. ” she said.(她说是父亲的去世让她在17岁的时候长大了。“作为长子，我肩负着许多责任。”她说。)”可知，由于Sana Khalid 父亲去世，她不得不强迫成熟，挑起家中的胆子。故答案为Forced adulthood on her。
4．考查推理判断题。由文章最后一段“For others, such as Elaine Smith, in London, adulthood is only a state of mind. “I still don’t feel grown-up. ” she said. “I can’t believe I am responsible for looking after a four-year-old. How did that happen? I’m 44 this year, so it may happen soon. ” (对于其他人来说，比如伦敦的伊莱恩·史密斯，成年只是一种心态。“我还是觉得自己不够成熟。”她说。“我不敢相信我能责任照顾一个四岁的孩子。这是怎么发生的？我今年44岁，所以可能很快就会发生。”)”可知，最后一段主要讲有的人已经40多岁但还是感觉没有长大。故答案为Some people don’t feel grown-up even in their 40s。
5．开放性试题。通过理解全文可知，成长不仅在于我们怎么处理我们的情绪和责任，成长也在于平衡娱乐和工作。故答案为Growing up has more to do with how we handle our emotions and responsibilities. It’s also about balancing work and play。

八、1．Because they might not have enough oxygen to reach the summit of Qomolangma.
2．The wind was too strong to hear the instructions.
3．Chen pushed Zhang to reach the top of Qomolangma.
4．Zhang was first visually impaired person from Asia ever to conquer the world’s highest peak.
5．I will try to reach my goal because I wan to live an exciting life.
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了张宏在导游陈涛的带领下，成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰的事情。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Based on the oxygen they had consumed, they might not have enough to reach the summit of Qomolangma.(根据他们消耗的氧气，他们可能没有足够的氧气到达珠峰顶峰)”可知，陈决定退出，让张完成攀登是因为他们可能没有足够的氧气到达珠峰顶峰。故答案为Because they might not have enough oxygen to reach the summit of Qomolangma.
2．考查词句猜测。根据第三段中“The wind was strong, and Zhang was terrified. (风很大，张吓坏了)”以及画线词“their English instructions to Zhang were muffled by the high wind”可知，风很大，他们对张的英语指导被大风盖住了。可知，画线部分的意思是“风太大了，听不到指示”。故答案为The wind was too strong to hear the instructions.
3．考查主旨大意。根据第五段“At first, Zhang didn’t want to continue. But Chen told Zhang “if you don’t continue, this may be the last chance you have to reach the top of Qomolangma, while I will still have more chances”. There was no time left for 46-year-old Zhang to argue with Chen and Chen gave Zhang a gentle nudge to hurry him on.(一开始，张不想继续。但陈告诉张：“如果你不继续，这可能是你登上珠峰的最后一次机会，而我还有更多的机会。”46岁的张没有时间和陈争辩，陈轻轻地推了张一下，催他快点)”可知，第五段的主旨是陈催促张登上珠穆朗玛峰。故答案为Chen pushed Zhang to reach the top of Qomolangma.
4．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中“Zhang was first visually impaired person from Asia ever to conquer the world’s highest peak. (张是第一位征服世界最高峰的亚洲视障人士)”可知，张与其他登顶珠峰的人的不同在于张是第一位征服世界最高峰的亚洲视障人士。故答案为Zhang was first visually impaired person from Asia ever to conquer the world’s highest peak.
5．开放性题目。题干：你对生活中的“山”是什么态度？请解释一下。可回答：我会努力达到我的目标，因为我想要过一种激动人心的生活。故答案为I will try to reach my goal because I wan to live an exciting life.