（3）句子成分与结构——2022-2023学年初升高英语人教版（2019）超级衔接

这是一份（3）句子成分与结构——2022-2023学年初升高英语人教版（2019）超级衔接，共5页。
（3）句子成分与结构—2022—2023学年初升高英语人教版（2019）超级衔接I 知识衔接主语是一个句子的主体，全句所述说的对象，常用名词，数词和代词所担任，一般置于句首Students study 学生学习we are friends 我们是朋友这俩句话中的单词students是一个名词，we是代词，它们在句中作主语谓语是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，置于主语之后Students study 学生学习we are friends 我们是朋友这俩句话中单词study和are都是动词study，叫做实意动词；are叫做be动词，它们在句中都充当谓语宾语表示行为的对象，常用名词或代词担任，放在及物动词和介词之后They are teachers 他们是老师I play with him 我陪他玩俩句话中的“teachers”是名词，“him”是代词，它们在句中充当宾语定语用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任形容词放在名词之前，相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面This is a red sun 这是一个红太阳He is a tall boy 他是一个高个子男孩这俩句话中单词red和tall都是形容词，充当定语状语状语是用来说明动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的成分——常由副词担任修饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可后；修饰形容词副词时放它们之前The students study hard 这些学生很努力I often write to him 我常写信给他The bag is too heavy 这书包太重了这三句话中的单词“hard”“often”都是修饰动词；第三句的“too”修饰的是形容词，都充当状语表语用于说明主语状态或性质，一般由名词或形容词担任如：the table is stable 桌子很牢固stable 作形容词，位于be单词“is”的后面，充当表语通常情况下，主语宾语前的成分是定语，谓语前成分是状语，时间词作状语放在句子后面句子的成分分布如下：（定语）+主语+（状语）+谓语+（定语）+宾语+（状语）五种基本句型主语-系动词（be动词等）-表语 The weather is very cold主语-动词（不及物动词） He laughed主语-动词（及物动词）-宾语 I like Chinese food主语-动词（及物动词）-宾语-宾语 She taught them physics主语-动词(及物动词)-宾语-宾语补足语 We must keep the room warmII 习题衔接1.You say that everyone should be equal, and this is  _____________  I agree.2._____________  troubles me most is  _____________  I don't know how to calm the sick old man.3.____________  he said was right.4.____________  will go to the meeting makes no difference.5.___________(convince) that the government can lead them out of the financial crisis, people are optimistic about the future of the country.6.I was the first ______  (arrive) at the inn and got the pick of rooms.7.You have made great progress in English. This is  ___________  you improved your learning methods.8.写出下句的句型结构The new student looks anxious and frightened.____________________________________________9.写出下句的句型结构There is a registration desk in the hall.____________________________________________10.写出下句的句型结构The designer designed a beautiful dress.____________________________________________11.写出下句的句型结构His words gave me more confidence.____________________________________________12.写出下句的句型结构James is an exchange student.____________________________________________13.写出下列句子的句子结构At the age of twenty, he became a famous pianist. (   )14.写出下列句子的句子结构Grandpa told Xiao Ming a very interesting story. (   )15.写出下列句子的句子结构There used to be a cinema here before the liberation. (   )

 

答案以及解析1.答案：where2.答案：What; that3.答案：Whatever4.答案：Who5.答案：Convinced6.答案：to arrive解析： 名词前有序数词修饰时，后面通常接动词不定式作定语，本句中the first指the first person，所以用动词不定式，故填to arrive.7.答案：because解析： "This is because..."是常见句式,意为"这是因为……",表示原因。根据句意可知应填because。8.答案： 9.答案：10.答案： 11.答案：   12.答案： 13.答案：主系表状14.答案：主谓宾宾15.答案：存现句