新人教版高考英语一轮复习考点规范练37含解析

考点规范练37

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2018·天津)

There’s a new frontier in 3D printing that’s beginning to come into focus:food.Recent development has made possible machines that print,cook,and serve foods on a mass scale.And the industry isn’t stopping there.

Foodproduction

With a 3D printer,a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake.Not everybody can do that—it takes years of experience,but a printer makes it easy.A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “re-create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same,” freeing cooks to complete other tasks.In another restaurant,all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed,rather than farm to table.

Sustainability(可持续性)

The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050,and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels.Sustainability is becoming a necessity.3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution.Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids(水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹饪原料).3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions.Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end,freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.

Nutrition

Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier.HodLipson,a professor at Columbia University,said,“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content,likevitamins.So instead of eating a piece of yesterday’s bread from the supermarket,you’d eat something baked just for you on demand.”

Challenges

Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing,the industry has many challenges to overcome.Currently,most ingredients must be changed to a paste(糊状物) before a printer can use them,and the printing process is quite time-consuming,because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways.On top of that,most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients,because meat and milk products may easily go bad.Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers,believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.

1.What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?

A.It helps cooks to create new dishes.

B.It saves time and effort in cooking.

C.It improves the cooking conditions.

D.It contributes to restaurant decorations.

2.What can we learn about 3D food printing from paragraph 3?

A.It solves food shortages easily.

B.It quickens the transportation of food.

C.It needs no space for the storage of food.

D.It uses renewable materials as sources of food.

3.According to paragraph 4,3D-printed food 　　　. 

A.is more available to consumers

B.can meet individual nutritional needs

C.is more tasty than food in supermarkets

D.can keep all the nutrition in raw materials

4.What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?

A.The printing process is complicated.

B.3D food printers are too expensive.

C.Food materials have to be dry.

D.Some experts doubt 3D food printing.

Ⅱ.完形填空

Last year,I had a car accident.I was 　1　,and I had my two children in the car.　2　,they both were OK.Despite having scratches on my left arm and neck,I felt 　3　 right after the accident. 

Later that night,though,there was something wrong with me and my husband sent me to hospital immediately.My　4　 said I had a concussion (脑震荡).The first week I felt like my inner 　5　 was off.I walked slowly,moving from side to side.I had difficulty in communicating because it was hard to remember words and I couldn’t 　6　clearly.I wore sunglasses all day because the light hurt my 　7　. 

When all of these 　8　disappeared,people thought I had recovered,especially when my 　9　 injuries weren’t apparent;people　10　 the pain that I was experiencing.They thought that I had 　11　,but I hadn’t.I was anxious and 　12　.I gained 25 pounds because of stress eating.I felt like a victim. 

I couldn’t bear anymore and I 　13　 to cure myself.I wrote down my feelings.I started meditating (冥想) and losing 　14　. 

It’s almost been a year since the 　15　.My neck still tenses when I’m nervous,but there are fewer headaches.I still have panic attacks,but less 　16　.Although I’m recovering slowly,thedead,hopeless look in my eyes is 　17　.My mind is teaching me something new:You were knocked down hard.Your brain was hit.But you were given another 　18　. 

I consider almost daily 　19　 I’ll live my second life.I’ll live with less speed and fewer things on the to-do lists.I’ll become my children’s strongest backer and tell them,“I’m　20　 here no matter what happens.” 

1.A.sad　　 B.terrified　

C.tired　　 D.surprised

2.A.Immediately B.Strangely

C.Hopefully D.Thankfully

3.A.hurt B.fine 

C.worried D.lucky

4.A.husband B.friends

C.doctor D.children

5.A.balance B.sense 

C.strength D.wisdom

6.A.see B.speak 

C.write D.hear

7.A.eyes B.ears 

C.arm D.neck

8.A.difficulties B.mistakes

C.situations D.symptoms

9.A.personal B.emotional

C.internal D.physical

10.A.refused B.forgot

C.controlled D.felt

11.A.calmed down B.looked out

C.moved on D.given in

12.A.stressful B.disappointed

C.shameful D.dissatisfied

13.A.agreed B.continued

C.managed D.decided

14.A.force B.sympathy

C.weight D.confidence

15.A.illness B.accident

C.change D.cure

16.A.desperately B.frequently

C.quickly D.crazily

17.A.gone B.special

C.useless D.funny

18.A.concern B.challenge

C.choice D.chance

19.A.when B.why 

C.where D.how

20.A.also B.already 

C.always D.again

Ⅲ.语篇填空

(2020·山东济宁一模)

Traditionalearthenbuildings

Listed as a World Cultural Heritage in 2008,tulou or earthen buildings are unique rural dwellings (住宅) in the 1.　　　　　　　　　　　(mountain) area in east China’s Fujian Province.The buildings 2.　　　　　　(appear) in the Song and Yuan dynasties,and took 3.　　　　　(they) current shapes in the Ming and Qing dynasties.Some of the Hakka and Hoklo people still live in the tulou.The buildings were 4.　　　　　　　　(original) for Hakka families to live together and defend 5.　　　　　　 the invaders.They evolved from local mountain camps,most of 6.　　　　　 took a circular structure.Most of the earthen buildings have been developed since it was put on the List,and the number of tourists 7.　　　　　　　　　　(rise) dramatically.LinJianwen is currently the sixth generation owner of Zhencheng Building 8.　　　　　　(build) in 1912.Lin went back home and inherited the building,turning it into a homestay hotel.In peak time,there are 200 people from 27 families 9.　　　　　　　(live) in it.He runs 10.　　　　　　business with his family and takes good care of the visitors.Welcoming tourists from all over the world makes Lin’s life more colourful in the village. 

Ⅳ.短文改错

(2019·广西桂林高三4月模考)

When I was eight,my father bought me the new bike for my birthday.My brother offered to teach me how to ride.Atfirst,he rode and let me watching.Then he explained me the skills of controlling the bike.Stillpuzzling,I got on the bike,but it doesn’t move as expected.I lost my balance and fall off the bike.At once I burst into tear because I saw blood on the ground.While I stood up,my left leg hurt bad.Later,I learned to ride a bike.This experience told me that though some lessons were painful to learn them,yet we could benefit a lot.

考点规范练37(选修8　Unit2)

Ⅰ.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍一项新的3D食物打印技术。分别介绍食物打印的省时高效特点、所使用的原料的可持续性、提供顾客所需要的营养以及目前技术推广面临的挑战等。

1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句可知,用3D打印机,一名厨师可在婚礼蛋糕上打印出复杂的巧克力图案和精美的装饰,这并非每个人都能做到,这要厨师多年的经验积累,但一台打印机可以很容易就做到。由此可知,3D打印技术在食品制作方面节省了时间和精力。

2.D　推理判断题。根据第三段第四句“Someexpertsbelieveprinters...”可知,专家相信3D打印机可使用大量的藻类和草等可再生资源形成的水解胶体代替熟知的烹饪原料。

3.B　细节理解题。根据第四段中HodLipson教授的话可知,食品打印能使得顾客打印出富含顾客个性化需求的营养成分,如维生素。因此,顾客不必吃昨天从超市买来的面包,而是随需烤制。

4.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“Ontopofthat,...”可知,尽管3D食物打印技术进展迅猛,但所需的大多数打印材料必须是干燥的才能使用,这也就制约了食物打印技术的普及。

Ⅱ.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者遭受的一场车祸改变了她的生活。

1.B　根据本空前后句内容可知,作者遭受了一场车祸,车上还有她的两个孩子,所以她当时应该感到“害怕(terrified)”。

2.D　根据本空后内容可知,“谢天谢地(Thankfully)”,作者的两个孩子都安然无恙。

3.B　根据本句中的Despite可推测,尽管作者的左胳膊和脖子上有些擦伤,但是作者感觉“良好(fine)”,并无大恙。

4.C　根据上一句中的hospital可知,这里指“医生(doctor)”说作者有脑震荡。

5.A　根据本空下一句内容可知,作者走路摇摇晃晃,所以她感觉自己失去了内部“平衡(balance)”。

6.B　根据本句中的“Ihaddifficultyincommunicating...”可知,作者跟人沟通有困难,她既记不住别人说的话,自己也“说(speak)”不清楚话。

7.A　根据本句中的sunglasses可知,作者戴墨镜是为了保护“眼睛(eyes)”。

8.D　上段中的“ThefirstweekIfeltlike...”都是作者脑震荡后表现出的“症状(symptoms)”。

9.D　根据第一段中的“...havingscratchesonmyleftarmandneck...”可推测,作者只是有些擦伤,“身体上的(physical)”伤并不明显。

10.B　根据本句中的“...peoplethoughtIhadrecovered...”可推测,人们以为作者痊愈了,尤其是她的外伤不明显,因此“忘记(forget)”了她正遭受的痛苦。

11.C　根据本空后的butIhadn’t可推测,人们以为作者已经摆脱了车祸带来的影响,“继续向前(moveon)”。

12.A　根据本空前的anxious及后面的stresseating可知,作者焦虑而且“紧张(stressful)”。

13.D　根据本空后的内容可知,作者“决定(decide)”自我治愈。

14.C　根据上段中的“Igained25pounds...”可推测,这里指作者“减肥(loseweight)”。

15.B　根据本文开头的“Lastyear,Ihadacaraccident.”可知,距离作者遭受那场“事故(accident)”已经将近一年了。

16.B　根据上句内容及本句中的still...but可推测,尽管作者还受恐慌困扰,但是已经没有那么“频繁(frequently)”了。

17.A　根据本句开头的Although可推测,尽管作者恢复得不快,但是作者眼中的呆滞和绝望“消失(gone)”了。

18.D　根据下段中的mysecondlife可知,这里指作者获得了重新生活的“机会(chance)”。

19.D　本句后的内容就是作者要“怎样(how)”重新生活。

20.C　根据本句中的“I’llbecomemychildren’sstrongestbacker...”可知,作者要做孩子们最坚强的后盾并告诉他们:无论发生什么事情,“我”会“一直(always)”在。

Ⅲ.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在2008年被收录到世界文化遗产的福建土楼。

1.mountainous　考查形容词。分析句子可知,area为名词,修饰名词要用形容词形式,所以填mountainous。

2.appeared　考查时态。分析句子可知,宋元时期为过去的时间点,讲述过去发生的事情要用一般过去时,故填appeared。

3.their　考查代词。下文的currentshapes为名词短语,要用形容词性的物主代词修饰,故填their。

4.originally　考查副词。所填的词修饰动词live和defend,所以用副词形式,故填originally。

5.against　考查固定搭配。句意:这些建筑最初是为了客家人的共同居住和抵御侵略者而建造的。defendagainst,意为“保卫;抵抗;抵御;防御”,所以填against。

6.which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此句为“of+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词是camps,关系词在从句中做主语,所以填which。

7.hasrisen　考查时态。主语是“thenumberof+名词复数形式”时,谓语要用单数形式,结合时间状语sinceitwasputontheList可知,此处要用现在完成时,故填hasrisen。

8.built　考查非谓语动词。ZhenchengBuilding和build之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用动词-ed形式做后置定语,故填built。

9.living　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词,因此需使用非谓语动词形式。live与逻辑主语peopleandfamilies之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故填living。

10.the　考查定冠词。句意:他和他的家人一起做生意,并且把客人们都照顾得很好。后文中的business指代的是前文中出现的ahomestayhotel,前文中出现过的内容,后文再次出现时应使用定冠词the。

Ⅳ.　　

WhenIwaseight,myfatherboughtme new bike for my birthday.My brother offered to teach me how to ride.Atfirst,he rode and let me .Then he explained me the skills of controlling the bike.Still ,I got on the bike,but it move as expected.I lost my balance and off the bike.At once I burst into because I saw blood on the ground. I stood up,my left leg hurt .Later,I learned to ride a bike.This experience told me that though some lessons were painful to learn  them,yet we could benefit a lot.