专题11 七选五+完形填空+语法填空-冲刺2022高考英语名校最新模拟试题组合练习

这是一份专题11 七选五+完形填空+语法填空-冲刺2022高考英语名校最新模拟试题组合练习，共10页。
冲刺2022高考英语名校最新模拟试题限时组合练习专题11 七选五+完形填空+语法填空（时间：35分钟 满分：40分）第一节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）（2022·河北省唐县第一中学一模）Wildlife workers in Florida are feeding manatees to keep them from starving. ____1____ So far, the rescue workers have already given out 25 tons of lettuce. Manatees are huge sea mammals that can be as long as 4 meters when grown.____2____ In spite of their size, manatees only eat plants that live in the sea. That’s one reason they’re sometimes called “sea cows”. They spend most of their time in warm shallow water looking for food. But Florida’s manatees have been on the US government’s list of endangered animals since 1967. Most threats to manatees come from humans. One of the biggest problems facing the creatures are boats. ____3____ Manatees are curious and fairly slow, which has led to thousands of manatees being injured or killed. ____4____At one point, there were only about 2, 000 manatees left in Florida. But by 2016, there were roughly 8,800 manatees. But now manatees are facing a new challenge: they can't get enough to eat. Many of the beds of sea grass that manatees depend upon have been killed by human-caused pollution. Sea grass began to disappear around 2011. Warming seas, combined with polluted water and fertilizers that have washed off of farmlands, have created huge growths of algae on the ocean’s surface.Last year, 1,101 manatees died from starving.____5____ Many of the manatees that remain are so thin that their ribs can be seen. Often they have trouble swimming. So last December, wildlife experts came up with a plan to get emergency food to the manatees. They decided to feed them green vegetables like lettuce and cabbage. Long term, Florida is working to help restore sea grass beds. But that will take time.A．That was a record.B．They can weigh up to 590 kilograms.C．The feeding station has been very successful.D．With protection, manatees managed to bounce back.E．It blocks the sunlight that allows the sea grass to grow.F．But feeding these massive sea creatures takes a lot of food.G．Research needs to be done to determine what food would be best.第二节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）（2022·广东广州·二模）On Christmas Eve 2020, fire trucks rushed to the Chittle home in the sleepy little town of Manton, Michigan. But it wasn’t because of a Christmas nightmare. ____6____ it.Winters can be long and ____7____ in this far north, especially with the COVID-19 pandemic. Scott Chittle knew something had to be done to bring some ____8____ to the 1,555 people who call Manton home. Chittle, 51, lives in a big house with his two children. When he was three, his father ____9____ an ice-skating rink (溜冰场) in their backyard, where Chittle and his ____10____ would spend endless hours playing hockey (曲棍球). That, thought Chittle, is what the children in this ____11____ need.One problem: Chittle had no clue how to build an ice rink. ____12____, there’s the Internet. Soon after watching a video, he was smoothing out a 3,000-square-foot section of his yard, and buying woods to create the walls. Now he needed the ____13____. That’s where those fire trucks came in. It took 12 of these firemen to spray enough water to ____14____ the plot of land.Then he _____15_____ for Mother Nature to do the rest.It wasn’t long before Chittle’s backyard became a Manton _____16_____ spot. The smell of grilled hot dogs and burning firewood filled the air.Lights strung over the ice added sparkle. And the _____17_____ and screams of children playing hockey made their parents smile.But the kindness didn’t _____18_____ with Chittle. When word got out that he’d spent $1,400 out of his own pocket on the rink, neighbors, strangers, and businesses donated $3,000 to _____19_____ the costs and more.For Chittle, the ice rink was always about more than kids playing merrily. It was about _____20_____ even the darkest times. “I want to show the rest of the world,” says Chittle, “what a little effort, the best intentions, and community can do, not only for others but for the souls of all.”6．A．More than B．Less than C．Far from D．Rather than7．A．cold B．tough C．fantastic D．interesting8．A．cheer B．hope C．peace D．kindness9．A．built B．donated C．decorated D．repaired10．A．children B．relatives C．parents D．playmates11．A．village B．family C．school D．community12．A．Finally B．Consequently C．Luckily D．Generously13．A．ice B．fire C．helpers D．trucks14．A．wet B．fill C．clear D．smooth15．A．paid B．sent C．asked D．waited16．A．hot B．new C．perfect D．beautiful17．A．chat B．laughter C．fights D．noises18．A．go B．stop C．work D．continue19．A．cut B．raise C．cover D．balance20．A．killing B．passing C．surviving D．sparing第三节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）（2022·全国·二模）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Several large wooden constructions ____21____ ( date) back to the Neolithic era（新石器时代) were unearthed at the Jijiaocheng ruins site, a prehistoric cultural site located in Changde City, central China's Hunan Province.First discovered in 1978,the site used ____22____ ( be) a city from the Qujialing culture period (3300 BC-2600 BC) - a Neolithic civilization, ____23____ had roots in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River primarily ____24____ (find) in today's Hunan and Hubei provinces.Researchers ____25____ (conduct) three excavations(挖掘)at the southwestern part of the city wall since 2020. More than 30 housing sites were discovered at the 721 -square-meter area, ____26____ a number of wooden architectural relics unearthed that were built 4,800 years ago. Researchers think they are the most complete and ____27____ (early) wooden structure building foundation in China. Besides, remains of rice husks (外壳) were also found at the site, covering ____28____ area of 80 square meters.Researchers believe ____29____ ( strong) the new findings will enrich the architectural history of prehistoric China. " The ______30______ ( discover) helps us understand the overall architectural style of the Yangtze River Basin," said Zhao Hui, a professor at Peking University School of Archaeology and Museology.
参考答案：1．F2．B3．E4．D5．A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海牛这种海洋动物，介绍了它们的特点以及习性等情况。1．根据上文“Wildlife workers in Florida are feeding manatees to keep them from starving.(佛罗里达州的野生动物工作者正在喂海牛，以防止它们挨饿)”以及后文“So far, the rescue workers have already given out 25 tons of lettuce.(到目前为止，救援人员已经分发了25吨生菜)”可知，后文提到了投喂海牛的庞大食物数量，可见这些海洋生物需要的食物量很大。故F选项“但是喂养这些巨大的海洋生物需要大量的食物”符合语境，故选F。2．根据上文“Manatees are huge sea mammals that can be as long as 4 meters when grown.(海牛是巨大的海洋哺乳动物，长到4米长)”以及后文“In spite of their size, manatees only eat plants that live in the sea. That’s one reason they’re sometimes called “sea cows”. They spend most of their time in warm shallow water looking for food.(尽管海牛体型庞大，但它们只吃生活在海里的植物。这就是它们有时被称为“海牛”的原因之一。它们大部分时间都在温暖的浅水里觅食)”可知，本段主要是在说明海牛的身体特点，上文提到了身长，推测本句是在说明体重。故B选项“它们可以重达590公斤”符合语境，故选B。3．根据上文“But Florida’s manatees have been on the US government’s list of endangered animals since 1967. Most threats to manatees come from humans. One of the biggest problems facing the creatures are boats. (但自1967年以来，佛罗里达州的海牛就被列入了美国政府的濒危动物名单。海牛面临的大多数威胁来自人类。这些生物面临的最大问题之一是船)”可知，本句应具体说明人类船只是如何影响海牛的生存的：阻挡了让海草生长的阳光，故E选项“它阻挡了让海草生长的阳光”符合语境，故选E。4．根据后文“At one point, there were only about 2, 000 manatees left in Florida. But by 2016, there were roughly 8,800 manatees. (佛罗里达州曾经一度只剩下约2000头海牛。但到2016年，大约有8800头海牛)”可知，后文提到了海牛数量有所增加，说明保护措施起效了。故D选项“在保护下，海牛数量成功地反弹了”符合语境，故选D。5．根据上文“Last year, 1,101 manatees died from starving. (去年，有1101头海牛死于饥饿)”可知，上文具体说明了死于饥饿的海牛数量，可知本句对此进行评价：这是一个记录。故A选项“这是一个记录”符合语境，故选A。6．C7．B8．A9．A10．D11．D12．C13．A14．B15．D16．A17．B18．B19．C20．C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了斯科特·奇特尔在自家后院建造的冰场在新冠病毒肆虐的情况下给曼顿小镇的居民带来了欢乐，帮助人们熬过困难时期的故事。6．考查介词短语辨析。句意：2020年平安夜，消防车赶往密歇根州曼顿小镇奇特尔的家。但这并不是因为圣诞噩梦。远非如此。A. More than多于；B. Less than少于；C. Far from远非；D. Rather than而不是。根据上文“But it wasn’t because of a Christmas nightmare.”以及下文“消防员给场地注水”的情节可知，这并不是因为圣诞噩梦，此处进一步加强语气，进一步强调消防车连夜赶往奇特尔的家并不是因为发生了火灾，故选C。7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在如此遥远的北方，冬天漫长又难熬，特别是在新冠病毒肆虐的情况下。A. cold寒冷的；B. tough难熬的；C. fantastic极好的；D. interesting有趣的。根据下文“especially with the COVID-19 pandemic.”可知，在新冠病毒肆虐的情况下，北方的冬天很难熬，故选B。8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：斯科特·奇特尔知道他必须做点什么，来给曼顿的1555个居民带来一些欢乐。A. cheer振奋、欢乐；B. hope希望；C. peace平和；D. kindness善意。上一句说在新冠病毒肆虐的情况下，曼顿小镇的冬天很难熬，因此斯科特·奇特尔想做点事情给大家带来一些快乐、振奋一下精神，故选A。9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他三岁时，他的父亲在后院建了一个溜冰场，奇特尔和小伙伴们在那里痛快地玩冰球。A. built建造；B. donated捐献；C. decorated装饰；D. repaired修理。根据下文“where Chittle and his playmates would spend endless hours playing hockey”可知，奇特尔的父亲在后院建了一个溜冰场让儿子和小伙伴在里面玩冰球，故选A。10．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. children儿童；B. relatives亲戚；C. parents父母；D. playmates玩伴。根据语境和常识，小孩子应该是和小伙伴们一起玩耍，故选D。11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：奇特尔想，这正是这个社区的孩子们所需要的。A. village村子；B. family家庭；C. school学校；D. community社区。文章最后一段中的community表明此处指“社区里的孩子”，故选D。12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：问题是奇特尔不知道如何建造溜冰场。幸运的是，还有互联网。看了一段视频后不久，他正在平整自己院子里3000平方英尺的地方，并购买木材来建造墙壁。现在他需要冰块。A. Finally最后；B. Consequently结果；C. Luckily幸运的是；D. Generously慷慨地。上一句说奇特尔不知道如何建造溜冰场，下一句提到在网上看了一段视频后不久，他正在平整自己院子里3000平方英尺的部分，并购买木材来建造墙壁，因此此处是说“幸运的是，还有互联网（可参考）”，故选C。13．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. ice冰；B. fire火；C. helpers帮手；D. trucks卡车。根据语境和常识，平整完场地，建造好墙壁后，只剩下最重要的一环——铺设冰场的冰块了，故选A。14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：12名消防队员喷洒了足够的水来填满这块场地。然后，他等待大自然母亲来做剩下的事（这些水自然结冰）。A. wet使变湿；B. fill填充；C. clear清理；D. smooth使变平。根据语境和常识，建造溜冰场需要把场地表面注水结冰，故选B。15．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. paid支付；B. sent发送；C. asked要求；D. waited等待。一切准备就绪后，就等着场地里的水在寒冷的天气里自然结冰了，故选D。16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，奇特尔家的后院就成了曼顿的一个热门景点。A. hot热的；B. new新的；C. perfect完美的；D. beautiful漂亮的。根据下文热闹景象的描写“空气中弥漫着烤热狗和柴火的味道。冰上挂着的彩灯更添光彩。孩子们玩曲棍球的笑声和尖叫声让他们的父母脸上挂上了笑容”可知，奇特尔家的后院就成了曼顿的一个热门景点，热闹非凡，故选A。17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们玩冰球时的笑声和尖叫声让他们的父母脸上挂上了笑容。A. chat闲聊；B. laughter笑声；C. fights争斗；D. noises噪音。与下文screams并列的自然是laughter，旨在突出热闹的场面，故选B。18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这种善意并没有到奇特尔那就停止。当他自掏腰包花了1400美元建造溜冰场的消息传出后，邻居、陌生人和企业捐赠了3000美元来支付费用，甚至更多。A. go走；B. stop停止；C. work工作；D. continue继续。空后一句说当他自掏腰包花了1400美元建造溜冰场的消息传出后，邻居、陌生人和企业捐赠了3000美元来支付费用，这说明这种善意并没有到奇特尔那就停止，故选B。19．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. cut切；B. raise筹集；C. cover覆盖、支付；D. balance平衡。根据宾语the costs和语境，当他自掏腰包花了1400美元建造溜冰场的消息传出后，邻居、陌生人和企业捐赠了3000美元来给他“报销”费用，故选C。20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它让人们熬过困难时期。A. killing消磨(时间)；B. passing经过；C. surviving熬过；D. sparing匀出。根据上文的讲述，奇特尔在自己后院建造的冰场在新冠病毒肆虐的情况下给小镇人们带来了欢乐，帮助人们熬过困难时期，故选C。21．dating22．to be23．which24．found25．have conducted26．with27．earliest28．an29．strongly30．discovery【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几座新石器时代大型木制建筑的发掘和出土对史前中国建筑史的中国考古学有积极意义，也有助于我们了解长江流域的整体建筑风格。21．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国中部湖南省常德市的一个史前文化遗址——鸡交城遗址出土了几座可以追溯到新石器时代的大型木结构建筑。分析句子结构，此处作后置定语，修饰前面名词constructions，构成主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填dating。22．考查动词不定式。句意：该遗址首次发现于1978年，曾是屈家岭文化时期(公元前3300 -2600年)的一个城市，这是一个新石器时代的文明，起源于长江中上游，主要发现于今天的湖南和湖北省。used to do过去常常做某事，此处为不定式to，后接动词原形，固定搭配。故填to be。23．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：该遗址首次发现于1978年，曾是屈家岭文化时期(公元前3300 -2600年)的一个城市，这是一个新石器时代的文明，起源于长江中上游，主要发现于今天的湖南和湖北省。分析句子结构，此句为非限制性定语从句。先行词 Neolithic civilization在从句作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。24．考查非谓语动词。句意：该遗址首次发现于1978年，曾是屈家岭文化时期(公元前3300 -2600年)的一个城市，这是一个新石器时代的文明，起源于长江中上游，主要发现于今天的湖南和湖北省。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，主语the site构成被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填found。25．考查动词时态。句意：自2020年以来，研究人员已经在城墙西南部分进行了三次挖掘。根据since 2020，可知主句谓语动词用现在完成时，与前面名词Researchers保持一致，have conducted符合题意。故填have conducted。26．考查介词。句意：在这片721平方米的土地上发现了30多处房屋遗址，出土了一些建于4800年前的木质建筑遗迹。分析句子结构，a number of wooden architectural relics unearthed不是完整的句子，用with复合结构，表达“出土了一些木质建筑遗迹”，符合题意。故填with。27．考查形容词最高级。句意：研究人员认为它们是中国最完整和最早的木结构建筑基础。根据前面the most complete，可知此处与其构成并列关系，用形容词最高级形式。故填earliest。28．考查冠词。句意：此外，稻壳的残骸在现场也发现了这些建筑，占地面积为80平方米。cover an area of…占地面积为……,固定搭配。故填an。29．考查副词。句意：研究人员坚信，新发现将丰富史前中国的建筑史。分析句子结构，此处修饰前面动词believe用副词修饰，strongly符合题意。故填strongly。30．考查名词。句意：这一发现有助于我们了解长江流域的整体建筑风格，”北京大学考古博物馆学院教授赵辉说。分析句子结构，此处作主语，用名词，discovery发现，符合题意。故填discovery。