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初中英语外研版 (新标准)八年级下册Unit 2 We have not found life on any other planets yet课文内容ppt课件
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这是一份初中英语外研版 (新标准)八年级下册Unit 2 We have not found life on any other planets yet课文内容ppt课件，共45页。PPT课件主要包含了 Revision， 现在完成时， 现在完成时的构成， New words， Grammar，现在完成时的时间状语， Exercises， Summary等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Part1.Revisin
Part4. Key pints
Part5. Exercise&Summary
Part3. Grammar
Part2. New wrds
1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态.常与since + 过去的时间点，fr + 一段时间，s far 等时间状语连用。
have (has）+ 过去分词
have + dne has
肯定句：主语+have/has +过去分词 I/Yu/We/They have seen the film. He/She/It 否定句：主语+have/has +nt+过去分词 They have nt(haven't) seen the film.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词 Have I/Yu/We/ they seen the film? Yes,they have. N,they haven't.
一、规则动词： (1) 一般情况下，直接在动词后加ed(2) 在以哑e结尾的动词，去哑e加d (3) 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅 音字母的动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母 再加-ed(4) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i 再 加-ed
Enjy the dialgue
What are yu up t?
I’ve just made a mdel spaceship fr ur schl prject.
I haven’t started yet.
S have they discvered life n Mars?
Have yu heard the latest news?Scientists have sent spaceship t Mars.
N,they haven’t yet.
Are there any astrnauts in the spaceship?
N,there aren’t.
Because Mars is very far away.
◆常与不确定的时间状语连用，如:already, never, ever, just, yet, befre, s far, in the past few years等,表示“到目前为止”所发生的动作.◆还可以和表示一段时间的状语连用， since, fr a lng time等.
already 往往用于肯定句， 用在疑问句时表示强 调或加强语气； yet 用于否定句和疑问句。
He has already left here. Has he already left here? 他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气）My teachers haven’t had breakfast yet. 我的老师们还没有吃早饭。Have yu written t yur parents yet? 你已经给你父母写过信了吗？
never 是否定词，表示“从来没有” ever 表示“曾经”
We have never been t the Great Wall. 我们从来没有去过长城。Have yu ever been t Canada? 你们曾经去过加拿大吗？
just表示“刚刚” (多用在助动词have/has和动词过去分词之间）
He has just cme back. They have just finished the wrk.
befre 用于完成时 ag 用于过去时
He has started his wrk ten years befre. 他十年前就已经开始他的工作了。He started his wrk ten years ag. 他是十年前开始他的工作的。
2．现在完成时常和 fr 或 since 引导的表示 “一段时间”的短语或从句连用,此时动词不可用瞬间动词，而必须用延续性动词。
since Mr. Li has wrked here since 2010. （自2020年以来，李先生一直在这工作。）I have knwn him since 7 years ag. (自从7年前我就认识他。)He’s learned abut 500 wrds since he went t cllege.（他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词）
fr＋一段时间（tw weeks/six mnths/five days） 表示动作延续多长时间 。 He has taught in this schl fr fur years. （我们认识有二十年了。） I haven’t seen her fr a lng time. （我好久没有见到她了。）
用fr 或since填空
Mr. Brwn has had his TV ______ 15 years. I’ve taken driving lessns _______last mnth. My sister has had her cell phne ______a mnth . My friends haven’t visited me ______my birthday. We haven’t used ur car _____ a lng time . She hasn’t had a gd cup f cffee _____years. Tm has wrn glasses _______he was 7 years ld.
He bught a car six mnths ag. 他六个月前买了一辆车。 (与过去具体时间连用，表示过去的动作)He has already bught a car. 他已经买了一辆车。 (说明现在他有车的事实)He has had a car fr six mnths. 他买车已经半年了。
I brrwed a bk last week. 上周我借了一本书。 (说明过去的动作，与过去具体时间连用)I have brrwed the bk. 我已经借了那本书了。 (说明现在书在我这里的事实)I have kept the bk fr a week. 我已经借那本书一周了。(与fr a week即 “一段时间”连用，用持续性动词keep替换瞬间性动词brrw。)
瞬间动词变延续性动词
begin/ start
end/finish/stp
be married
be in/a member f
辨析 have been t和 have gne t
She has been t China . 她（曾经）去过中国。（去过）
have been t smeplace. 曾经去过某地，已经回来．has gne t smeplace.某人去了某地，还没有回来．
She has gne t China last week. 上周她去了上海 。（去了）
She has been in China fr 5 years. 她已经待在中国五年了。（待着）
用have/has been t, have/has gne t填空：1.—Where is yur brther? —He ____________ the shp. He’ll be back sn.2. — ______ yu ever _________ America? —Yes, I ___________ New Yrk twice.3. —Here yu are at last! Where _____ yu _____? —I _____________ Lndn.4. —David _____________Australia. —I’m sure he’s already arrived.5. —Is Benny here? —N, he __________ the schl library. He left five minutes ag.
Have been t
have been t
have been
( )1. I have finished my hmewrk ____. Have yu finished yur hmewrk ____? A. yet, yet B. yet, already C. already, yet D. already, already
Exercises
( )2. I haven’t seen Kate ____ 4 mnths. A. already B. since C. fr D. yet( )3. He has ____ seen the film Harry Ptter. S he knws nthing abut it. A. already B. ever C. never D. yet
( ) 4. She has been ill in bed ____ tw days ag. A. since B. in C. during D. fr( )5. I have ____ watched a wnderful film. It’s really interesting. A. yet B. just C. just nw D. never
( )6. — Oh, Mrs King, yur dress lks very nice. Is it new? — N, I ___ it since tw years ag. A. had B. bught C. have had D. have bught
( )7. — ___yu __a ticket fr the ftball match? — Nt yet. A. Is, bught B. Are, bught C. Has, bught D. Have, bught
in rder t +动原为了做某事,表目的，位于句首或句中 He gt up early in rder t catch the first bus. = In rder t catch the first bus, he gt up early.
in rder that +句子 E.g. I wrk very hard in rder that I can pass the exam.
2. s…that… & such…that…
s＋形容词或副词＋that ... E g. The stne is s heavy that I can’t mve it. such ＋(a/an)＋adj.＋可数n.(单/复)/不可数n.＋that… E.g. He is such a clever by that everybdy likes him. E.g. They are such interesting nvels that I want t read them nce again. E.g. He has made such great prgress that the teachers are pleased with him.
He is _____ a clever by ______every teacher likes him very much.2. The sng is ______ppular _______mst peple can sing it.3. There is ______much milk in the fridge ______yu dn’t need t buy it.
such that
s that
s…that…/ such…that
t many +可数名词，表示“太多” E.g. There are t many peple in the park. t much +不可数名词，表示“太多” E.g. I have t much hmewrk t d. much t +形容词或副词，表示“太……；非常……” E.g. It is much t cld.
t many, t much 与much t
alne 作形容词时，表示“孤单的” E.g. He was alne again.alne 作副词时，表示“独自” E.g. I dn't like ging ut alne after dark.
alne & lnely
lnely 表示“孤独的，寂寞的”。 lives alne,but he desn't feel lnely.
finish +ding sth. 表示“做完某事”。 E.g. I finished practicing the pian just nw. enjy +ding sth. 表示“热衷于做某事”。 E.g. He enjys reading. 小结：除finish ,enjy 外，like, lve, lk frward t, give up, practice, miss, avid（避免）,risk, frbid(禁止)等词后要加ing形式。
( )1. My bike is brken dwn. That’s ______ I was late. A. because B. fr C.what D. why( )2. They were all very tired, but ____ f them had a rest. A. nne B. all C.bth D. either ( )3. Mrs Black lives _____ and she ften feels _______. A.lnely;alne B. alne;lnely C.alne;alne D. lnely;lnely
Part1.Revisin
Part4. Key pints
Part5. Exercise&Summary
Part3. Grammar
Part2. New wrds
1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态.常与since + 过去的时间点，fr + 一段时间，s far 等时间状语连用。
have (has）+ 过去分词
have + dne has
肯定句：主语+have/has +过去分词 I/Yu/We/They have seen the film. He/She/It 否定句：主语+have/has +nt+过去分词 They have nt(haven't) seen the film.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词 Have I/Yu/We/ they seen the film? Yes,they have. N,they haven't.
一、规则动词： (1) 一般情况下，直接在动词后加ed(2) 在以哑e结尾的动词，去哑e加d (3) 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅 音字母的动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母 再加-ed(4) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i 再 加-ed
Enjy the dialgue
What are yu up t?
I’ve just made a mdel spaceship fr ur schl prject.
I haven’t started yet.
S have they discvered life n Mars?
Have yu heard the latest news?Scientists have sent spaceship t Mars.
N,they haven’t yet.
Are there any astrnauts in the spaceship?
N,there aren’t.
Because Mars is very far away.
◆常与不确定的时间状语连用，如:already, never, ever, just, yet, befre, s far, in the past few years等,表示“到目前为止”所发生的动作.◆还可以和表示一段时间的状语连用， since, fr a lng time等.
already 往往用于肯定句， 用在疑问句时表示强 调或加强语气； yet 用于否定句和疑问句。
He has already left here. Has he already left here? 他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气）My teachers haven’t had breakfast yet. 我的老师们还没有吃早饭。Have yu written t yur parents yet? 你已经给你父母写过信了吗？
never 是否定词，表示“从来没有” ever 表示“曾经”
We have never been t the Great Wall. 我们从来没有去过长城。Have yu ever been t Canada? 你们曾经去过加拿大吗？
just表示“刚刚” (多用在助动词have/has和动词过去分词之间）
He has just cme back. They have just finished the wrk.
befre 用于完成时 ag 用于过去时
He has started his wrk ten years befre. 他十年前就已经开始他的工作了。He started his wrk ten years ag. 他是十年前开始他的工作的。
2．现在完成时常和 fr 或 since 引导的表示 “一段时间”的短语或从句连用,此时动词不可用瞬间动词，而必须用延续性动词。
since Mr. Li has wrked here since 2010. （自2020年以来，李先生一直在这工作。）I have knwn him since 7 years ag. (自从7年前我就认识他。)He’s learned abut 500 wrds since he went t cllege.（他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词）
fr＋一段时间（tw weeks/six mnths/five days） 表示动作延续多长时间 。 He has taught in this schl fr fur years. （我们认识有二十年了。） I haven’t seen her fr a lng time. （我好久没有见到她了。）
用fr 或since填空
Mr. Brwn has had his TV ______ 15 years. I’ve taken driving lessns _______last mnth. My sister has had her cell phne ______a mnth . My friends haven’t visited me ______my birthday. We haven’t used ur car _____ a lng time . She hasn’t had a gd cup f cffee _____years. Tm has wrn glasses _______he was 7 years ld.
He bught a car six mnths ag. 他六个月前买了一辆车。 (与过去具体时间连用，表示过去的动作)He has already bught a car. 他已经买了一辆车。 (说明现在他有车的事实)He has had a car fr six mnths. 他买车已经半年了。
I brrwed a bk last week. 上周我借了一本书。 (说明过去的动作，与过去具体时间连用)I have brrwed the bk. 我已经借了那本书了。 (说明现在书在我这里的事实)I have kept the bk fr a week. 我已经借那本书一周了。(与fr a week即 “一段时间”连用，用持续性动词keep替换瞬间性动词brrw。)
瞬间动词变延续性动词
begin/ start
end/finish/stp
be married
be in/a member f
辨析 have been t和 have gne t
She has been t China . 她（曾经）去过中国。（去过）
have been t smeplace. 曾经去过某地，已经回来．has gne t smeplace.某人去了某地，还没有回来．
She has gne t China last week. 上周她去了上海 。（去了）
She has been in China fr 5 years. 她已经待在中国五年了。（待着）
用have/has been t, have/has gne t填空：1.—Where is yur brther? —He ____________ the shp. He’ll be back sn.2. — ______ yu ever _________ America? —Yes, I ___________ New Yrk twice.3. —Here yu are at last! Where _____ yu _____? —I _____________ Lndn.4. —David _____________Australia. —I’m sure he’s already arrived.5. —Is Benny here? —N, he __________ the schl library. He left five minutes ag.
Have been t
have been t
have been
( )1. I have finished my hmewrk ____. Have yu finished yur hmewrk ____? A. yet, yet B. yet, already C. already, yet D. already, already
Exercises
( )2. I haven’t seen Kate ____ 4 mnths. A. already B. since C. fr D. yet( )3. He has ____ seen the film Harry Ptter. S he knws nthing abut it. A. already B. ever C. never D. yet
( ) 4. She has been ill in bed ____ tw days ag. A. since B. in C. during D. fr( )5. I have ____ watched a wnderful film. It’s really interesting. A. yet B. just C. just nw D. never
( )6. — Oh, Mrs King, yur dress lks very nice. Is it new? — N, I ___ it since tw years ag. A. had B. bught C. have had D. have bught
( )7. — ___yu __a ticket fr the ftball match? — Nt yet. A. Is, bught B. Are, bught C. Has, bught D. Have, bught
in rder t +动原为了做某事,表目的，位于句首或句中 He gt up early in rder t catch the first bus. = In rder t catch the first bus, he gt up early.
in rder that +句子 E.g. I wrk very hard in rder that I can pass the exam.
2. s…that… & such…that…
s＋形容词或副词＋that ... E g. The stne is s heavy that I can’t mve it. such ＋(a/an)＋adj.＋可数n.(单/复)/不可数n.＋that… E.g. He is such a clever by that everybdy likes him. E.g. They are such interesting nvels that I want t read them nce again. E.g. He has made such great prgress that the teachers are pleased with him.
He is _____ a clever by ______every teacher likes him very much.2. The sng is ______ppular _______mst peple can sing it.3. There is ______much milk in the fridge ______yu dn’t need t buy it.
such that
s that
s…that…/ such…that
t many +可数名词，表示“太多” E.g. There are t many peple in the park. t much +不可数名词，表示“太多” E.g. I have t much hmewrk t d. much t +形容词或副词，表示“太……；非常……” E.g. It is much t cld.
t many, t much 与much t
alne 作形容词时，表示“孤单的” E.g. He was alne again.alne 作副词时，表示“独自” E.g. I dn't like ging ut alne after dark.
alne & lnely
lnely 表示“孤独的，寂寞的”。 lives alne,but he desn't feel lnely.
finish +ding sth. 表示“做完某事”。 E.g. I finished practicing the pian just nw. enjy +ding sth. 表示“热衷于做某事”。 E.g. He enjys reading. 小结：除finish ,enjy 外，like, lve, lk frward t, give up, practice, miss, avid（避免）,risk, frbid(禁止)等词后要加ing形式。
( )1. My bike is brken dwn. That’s ______ I was late. A. because B. fr C.what D. why( )2. They were all very tired, but ____ f them had a rest. A. nne B. all C.bth D. either ( )3. Mrs Black lives _____ and she ften feels _______. A.lnely;alne B. alne;lnely C.alne;alne D. lnely;lnely
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