专题15 新高考英语概要写作专用02-议论文类-2022年新高考英语新题型研读写作三合一及专项训练

这是一份专题15 新高考英语概要写作专用02-议论文类-2022年新高考英语新题型研读写作三合一及专项训练，共16页。试卷主要包含了支撑句和结论句等内容，欢迎下载使用。
具体方法如下：
第一、找出关键词和全文或段落的主题句。任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。一般地说，主题词通常是名词、动词或形容词。议论文的主题句通常在首段或尾段，或者在各段的首句或尾句。
第二、根据原文的词句(一般指关键词和全文或段落的主题句),进行改写: 或用相应的同义词，或进行句型转换(如主动句改为被动句等等).千万不要原封不动地抄写原文的词句.
第三、用连词连接各部分，使它连贯；
第四、整合中心要点，使用形容词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语合并、简化句子，使之符合概括短文内容要点的词数。
尽可能客观简要地转述阅读材料的观点。可以采用如下方法概括：The writer f this article thinks that… 或者你认为本材料的观点代表了一些人的思想，就可以说Sme peple think… 还可以从中立的角度或用“无人称”的方式来说The article gives the view that…
以下是更多基本表达：
The essay/passage/authr highlights the imprtance f encuragement fr students.
The essay/passage/authr argues in supprt f …, stating that …
The essay/passage/authr argues that we must nt nly value thse wh cme first r are the best in any field but the thers whse effrt push them t success.
The essay/passage/authr discusses the impact f email.
The essay/passage/authr cmpares friendship with the cmfrt f hme.
The essay/passage/authr utlines the harmful effects f smking.
The article gives the view that…shuld/shuldn’t…(主题).…..(补充论据).

Passage 01
养狗的好处
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Did yu knw that 60.2% f US families wn dgs? That's ver 75 millin families. Besides getting a faithful cmpanin, these friends als prvide many health benefits that can be truly life changing fr yur fitness and wellness.
Mst dgs need t d their business utside many times per day, s yu are up and mving mre ften than nn-pet wners. The average dg wner spends 300 minutes per week walking, cmpared t a nn-pet wner's 168 minutes. Frequent daily exercise lwers yur bld pressure and reduces yur chances f suffering frm heart disease.
Yur physical health isn't the nly thing that gets better with a cmpanin dg. Yu can als imprve yur mental well-being. Peple suffering frm anxiety find it helpful t have a dg n hand that's happy t prvide assistance. Yu can find many dgs perating as emtinal supprt animals, and help peple in stressful situatins feel better. If yur dg is a mre active type, yu culd find yurself taking yur friend all ver the place. If yu take yur dg t the frest, yu actually lwer yur tendency t suffer negative（消极的） feelings. A research study discvered that the part f the brain that is mst active when yu deal with negative things calms dwn when yu spend time amng the trees.
The dg wnership rutine allws yu t build healthy habits and it als gives yu the pprtunity t make scial cnnectins. Dg parks are filled with peple yu share a cmmn interest with, and there are plenty f peple wh lve t give dgs a friendly pat轻拍）during walks. All f these are pprtunities t have new great friendships and ther emtinal cnnectins.
Yur dctr might nt write dwn a dg prescriptin（处方）,but when yu becme a dg wner; yu get plenty f health benefits.
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核心内容

习作范文一：
（论点）Many Americans raise dgs that can nt nly accmpany them but als bring them healthy benefits.（要点1）Firstly, cnstant utside walking with dgs helps avid sme diseases such as reducing bld pressure and heart prblems.（要点2）Besides, dgs’ cmpany des gd t human’s spiritual wrld, say, keeping negative thughts away r helping clse t nature.（要点3）Finally, They als make it easy fr scial cmmunicatin and interactin with peple f the same interest. (70词)
习作范文二：
(要点1)Many US families have dgs and these cmpanin animals help imprve peple’s health in many ways. (要点2)Taking the dg fr a walk everyday cntributes t physical health. (要点3) Besides, dgs, which can ffer peple emtinal supprt r get them clse t nature, bring psychlgical benefits. (要点 4) They als prvide mre chances f psitive scial interactin with peple f the same interest. (59词)

Passage 02
是否容许孩子带手机
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Children are starting t carry cell phnes at yunger ages. In a recent study, 22% f kids in primary schl reprted having their wn cell phne cmpared with 60% f teens and 84% f teens. Like many parents, yu may wnder whether yur child is ready fr a cell phne. As yu might imagine, there are different attitudes twards it.
Many parents cnsider safety as the main reasn fr giving their child a cell phne. They want t be able t reach their child whenever they need t. They als want t give their child the security f being able t reach them whenever he needs t. This is especially true if yur child is hme alne after schl r walks hme alne, says Barbara Greenberg, PhD, a clinical psychlgist in Fairfield Cunty, CT.
Hwever, if yur child has a cell phne, he has access t websites that may be inapprpriate. He may see cntent that is vilent and culd be related t death r sex. "Lts f kids have fantasies in their mind abut things they dn't understand," Greenberg says. There's als the issue f inadequate sleep, Greenberg says. "Kids with cell phnes are likely t stay awake late int the night playing games and texting with friends." Cell phnes als bring the risk f cyber-bullying(网络欺凌). "Befre, nce yu gt indrs yu were safe," Greenberg says. "But with cell phnes and scial media, nbdy is ever safe frm bullying."
Yur child is ready fr a cell phne when he can sit dwn with yu t create guidelines fr its use, Greenberg says. "If they're unwilling t make this list, they aren't ready." Fr mst kids, this happens arund age 12 r 13, she says. Parents shuld make the decisin, nt well-meaning grandparents r friends wh gift yur child with a phne. "Ask yurself whether yur child has gd judgment and a histry f gd decisin-making, "Greenberg says. If he is immature r tends t make bad decisins, he isn't ready.
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核心内容

习作范文一：
(观点)Peple hld different pinins abut whether children shuld use cell phnes which are ppular with them.（要点1）Sme shw psitive attitudes because they can cntact freely t ensure children’s security especially when they are alne.（要点2）Hwever, thers argue that cell phnes bring t much bad effects such as the imprper nline cntents, lack f sleep and cyber-bullying.（要点3）It is suggested that nly when children can make a wise decisin can they wn cell phnes.（73词）

习作范文二：
Opinins n whether kids are ready fr cell phnes are divided amng parents.(要点1) Many parents’ supprting attitude attributes t the safety prvided by cell phnes with which children can be reached especially during the separate time.(要点2) Hwever, thers bject t it, believing cell phnes may bring inapprpriate use f websites, insufficient sleep and risky cyber-bully.(要点3) It is suggested that cell phnes shuld be given t well- prepared children wh can make a respnsible guideline list.(要点4)(74wrds)

Passage 03
合作就能成功
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
As is knwn, if we are united n ne can defeat us. But if we cnstantly have cnflicts r misunderstandings, we may attract utsiders t take advantage f urselves, which may ultimately result in ur failure. Unity is the surce f strength and peple wh are united have the capability t tackle any kind f situatin as they share each ther’s burdens and hardships.
In lden days, man lived alne. He travelled and hunted all by himself, which smetimes gave pprtunities t fierce animal t attack and kill him. Then he realized that if he jined hands with ther hunters, he wuld be able t face several cmmn dangers and challenges. This is hw, villages gt frmed, which later gt develped int the twns and cities.
In the sprts grund, be it cricket, ftball, baseball, basketball r any kind f sprt, a united team and an apprpriate strategy may cntribute t the success f the team; but if there is a cnflict r unhealthy cmpetitin r unnecessary misunderstanding amng the team members, they may invite the ppnents t take advantage f their shrtcmings and win the game. Likewise, if the members f a family stay tgether and supprt each ther in every phase f life, n utsiders can harm the family.
There was nce an ld man wh lived in a village with his three sns. The sns always fught with each ther and wuld nt pay any attentin t their father. The man fell sick and assumed that he wuld die sn; he was very wrried abut the fact that nce he died, peple wuld take advantage f his sns’ cnflicts. He called all his sns and asked them t break a bundle f sticks, ne by ne. Nne f them culd d it. He then untied the bundle and gave each stick t each ne f them asking them t break, which they culd very cnveniently accmplish. He then tld his sns that they shuld stay like the bundle f sticks s that n ne can break them; but if they keep n fighting, they will be brken by the utsiders easily.
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核心内容

习作范文一：
（论点）Unity is strength and withut it, failure wuld cme.（要点1）In the ancient times, peple jined tgether t avid dangers such as animal attacks which resulted in the develpment f villages, twn and city.（要点2）Besides, teamwrk cntributes t the success in varius sprts cmpetitins, and it is the same with family.（要点3）The ld man’s stry indicates unity is f great imprtance in family members.(63词)

习作范文二：
It is well knwn that united we stand and divided we fall.(要点1)In ancient times, hunters made jint effrts t cpe with dangers and challenges, thus frming villages and later develping int twns and cities.(要点2)Surely, unity has a great significance in peple’s lives whether in the sprts grund r in a family.(要点3)The dying man’s stry f sticks als shws the imprtance f unity.(要点4)（59词）

Passage 04
广告的作用
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Advertising plays a majr rle in the cmpetitive business wrld. Many industries take advantage f the pwer f advertising t attract r t win custmers away frm their business cmpetitrs. The influence f advertising is s huge that it causes many peple t buy things that they d nt want at the start.
Advertising encurages peple t buy things they d nt want thrugh misleading ideas. Advertising is prven t be a successful tl t stress the features f their prduct t the public even thugh it is regarded undesirable such as cigarettes, drugs, alchl and s n. Fr example, Dunhill, a cigarette cmpany which spnsrs many ftball teams, seems t be prmting cigarettes t the public. Withut the spnsrship, the cmpany will be less knwn t the public, resulting in fewer sales f cigarettes.
Besides that, advertising has a large influence n the decisin made by the peple in their everyday life. Many businesses use advertising as a frm f prmtin t create awareness abut their prduct in the market. Fr instance, in a fast fd industry, the intrductin f a new flavr f burger needs advertising t reach the public while the ther burgers require advertising t increase sales. Children, especially, are easily influenced by the advertisement and will have the desire t dine at fast fd restaurants after that. Althugh fast fd is bad fr health, it has successfully becme attractive t the public thrugh advertising.
Hwever, advertising plays a part in helping custmers t cmpare a prduct in terms f price, quality, reliability and sn. Withut advertising, it will be very difficult fr custmers t judge the wrthiness f a prduct. Fr example, advertisements published by varius cmpanies have given the custmers the pprtunity t chse wisely when buying an item. Withut the pwer f advertising, custmers will be stuck t a brand which may nt ffer the best chice.
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核心内容

习作范文一：
(论点)Advertisement is imprtant in business wrld. (要点 1)Firstly, it helps cmpany tempt buyers by misguidance infrmatin t shp unnecessarily such as alchl. (要点 2)Additinally, it brings increasing sales by mtivating the peple especially the children in daily life t make an unwise decisin. (要点 3) It is undeniable that advertising plays an imprtant rle in helping custmers make the best chice by cmparing price, quality and s n.(62词)

习作范文二：
Advertisements are crucial t business. (要点 1)On ne hand, they can attract ptential custmers using untruthful infrmatin and cnsequently get peple t make unnecessary and even unhealthy purchases, like cigarettes.(要点 2) Meanwhile, advertisements can persuade custmers, especially teenagers int making unwise chices, such as eating junk fd and s n.(要点 3) On the ther hand, they help custmers get smart by prviding cmprehensive and useful infrmatin.(要点 4)（60词）

Passage 05
美国人肥胖及原因
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
If yu were asked t describe the typical images f Americans, sme wrds that wuld pp int yur head may be: wealthy, ignrant, bsessed with ftball, creative, and mst f all —FAT. Having travelled thrugh the Middle East, Eurpe, and Asia, I have nt seen many verweight peple in ther cuntries than I have seen in America. There are sme fit individuals walking ur streets, but they are a minrity. Our besity can simply be explained by ur lve fr fd. In sme way, we’ve cmpletely damaged the idea f fd, because we value its quantity way ver its quality.
Take fr example, the rapid grwth f Chiptle. Chiptle is a fast-fd chain stre selling Mexican fd, such as burrits, tacs and s n. A typical burrit with tppings weighs ver half f a kilgram. But the typical Chiptle-ger can manage his entire meal.
This is the prblem. As Americans, we've cmpletely frgtten hw t appreciate the taste and instead chse t devur fd, swallwing like machines. With the fast-paced sciety, it seems like we barely have the time t enjy meals, t feel the texture f fd between tngue and teeth. American schls and businesses leave abut 30 minutes fr a meal. Cmpare this figure with the French’s usual tw-hur lunch break. They are the ideal example f a sciety that eats slwly and celebrates fd the way it needs t be celebrated.
Time and quantity, hwever, aren’t the nly prblems. American hlidays are centered n fd. At Easter and Christmas, many Americans enjy a glrius dinner, even several meals in ne day depending n the family. Thanksgiving is essentially a day set aside t prepare mashed ptates, green bean casserles, apple pies and ht, juicy turkeys fr us t devur. Hallween is cmpletely centered n candy. What’s wrse, Hallween candy lasts fr weeks.
While it's great t have a factr that can bring tgether different cultures and races and genders via fd, it’s als imprtant t realize fd isn’t what it’s all abut. We must stp this endless bsessin and start t chew n fd.
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核心内容

习作范文一：
（现象）It is cmmnly seen that many Americans are verweight, cmpared t ther cuntries.（要点1）One f the reasns is that they have n time t enjy the fd and chew carefully.（要点2）Besides, many festivals that prvide several meals in ne day, smetimes lasting fr weeks like Hallween, cntribute t peple’s vereating.（要点3）Despite the culture differences, it is better t slw ur pace t enjy every meal.(65词)

习作范文二：
Cmpared t ther cuntries，there live mre verweight peple in America.(要点1) One f the reasns is that Americans dn’t nly have a big appetite fr fd,(要点 2) but swallw fd quickly rather than chew it carefully due t the fast pace f life.(要点 3) Besides，Americans always cnsume a lt f fd n hlidays.(要点 4) S it’s necessary fr Americans t slw dwn and appreciate fd. (要点5)（65词）








结构
要点梳理
第1段（论点）
论点：美国大部分人养狗，除了陪伴，狗能给人带来很多健康方面的益处。
关键词：60.2% f US ；cmpanin；health benefits
造句：Mst Americans raise dgs that can nt nly accmpany them but als bring healthy benefits.
第2段（论据）
论据：经常带狗散步可以降低高血压以及减少心脏病的疾病
关键句：Frequent daily exercise lwers yur bld pressure and reduces yur chances f suffering frm heart disease.
造句：Cnstant utside walking with dgs helps avid sme diseases such as reducing bld pressure and heart prblems.
第3段（论据）
论据：狗对人类精神方面对益处
关键词：mental well-being.；assistance；stressful situatins ;tree
造句：Dgs’ cmpany des gd t human’s spiritual wrld, say, keeping negative thughts away r helping clse t nature.
第4段（论据 ）
论据：养狗能促进人际关系
关键句：The dg wnership rutine allws yu t build healthy habits and it als gives yu the pprtunity t make scial cnnectins
They als make it easy fr scial cmmunicatin and interactin with peple f the same interest.
结构
要点梳理
第1段（现象引入观点）
论点：关于孩子是否可以用手机，人们观点不一
关键词：carry cell phnes at yunger ages ；whether yur child is ready fr a cell phne；different attitudes twards it
造句：Peple hld different pinins abut whether children shuld use cell phnes which are ppular with them.
第2段（正面观点）
支持观点：很多人支持，因为出于安全等因素考虑
关键词：safety；reach their child；need；the security；reach them；alne
造句：Many peple shw psitive attitudes because they can cntact freely t ensure children’s security especially when they are alne.
第3段（反面观点）
反对观点：不健康的网站，缺少睡眠，网络欺凌
关键词：hwever；inapprpriate；cntent；inadequate sleep；risk f cyber-bullying
造句：Others argue that cell phnes bring t much bad effects such as the imprper nline cntents, lack f sleep and cyber-bullying.
第4段
（综合建议）
建议观点：如果孩子有判断力，知道自己需要做什么，就可以使用手机了
关键词：create guidelines fr；make the decisin；immature r tends t make bad decisins
造句：It is suggested that nly when children can make a wise decisin can they wn cell phnes.
结构
要点梳理
第1段（论点）
论点：团结就是力量
关键词：united n ne can defeat us；cnflicts r misunderstandings；failure；tackle any kind f situatin
造句：Unity is strength and withut it, failure wuld cme.
第2段（论据）
论据：古代人类就开始团结对抗困难
关键词：alne；attack and kill him；jined hands；villages gt frmed；the twns and cities；
造句：In the ancient times, peple jined tgether t avid dangers such as animal attack, which resulted in the develpment f villages, twn and city.
第3段（论据）
论据：运动比赛，家庭都需要团结
关键词：sprts grund；cntribute t the success f the team；utsiders can harm the family；
造句：Teamwrk cntributes t the success in varius sprts cmpetitins, and it is the same with family.
第4段
（论据）
论据：通过一个老人的故事再次传达合作就能成功的观点
关键词：an ld man ;bundle f sticks；ne by ne
造句：The ld man’s stry indicates unity is f great imprtance in family members.
结构
要点梳理
第1段（论点）
论点：广告在商业中非常重要
关键词：Advertising plays a majr rle ；attract r t win custmers；buy things
造句：Advertisement is imprtant in business wrld.
第2段（论据）
举例一：广告的误导思想引导消费者买不需要的东西
关键词：dnt want；misleading ideas；the public；undesirable；
造句：Advertising helps cmpany tempt buyers by misguidance infrmatin t shp unnecessarily such as alchl.
第3段（论据）
论据：广告在生活中常见，帮助商家更好地销售产品
关键词：influence n the decisin；prmtin；Children
造句：Advertising brings increasing sales by prmting the prduct t the peple especially the children in daily life t make an unwise decisin such as fast fd industry
第4段
（论据）
论据：广告帮助消费者做出明智的选择
关键词：cmpare a prduct；chse wisely；
造句：Advertising plays an imprtant rle in helping custmers make the best chice by cmparing price, quality and s n.
结构
要点梳理
第1-2段（论点）
论点：美国相比其他国家，肥胖人数居多，其原因是喜爱事物
关键词：typical images f Americans ；verweight; FAT；in ther cuntries; fd
造句：It is cmmnly seen that many Americans are verweight, cmpared t ther cuntries.
第3段（论据）
论据：生活节奏很快，美国人总是狼吞虎咽
关键词：Chiptle；prblem；30 minutes fr a meal；eats slwly；
造句：One f the reasns is that they have n time t enjy the fd and chew carefully.
第4段（论据）
论据：另一个导致肥胖的原因，即美国人在过众多节日时，都用饕餮盛宴来庆祝
关键词：Time and quantity；hlidays；glrius dinner；
造句：Many festivals that prvide several meals in ne day, smetimes lasting fr weeks like Hallween, cntribute t peple’s vereating.
第5段
（综合建议）
建议观点：呼吁大家要停止对食物的迷恋，学会慢慢享受食物
关键词：fd isn’t what it’s all abut；stp；
造句：Despite the culture differences, it is better t slw ur pace t enjy every meal.