专题10 七选五之五年高考真题+思维导图 (2019+2014题组)--2022年高考英语第二轮复习小题狂练

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专题10 七选五之五年高考真题+思维导图 (2019+2014题组)--2022年高考英语第二轮复习小题狂练（解析版）
































2019年真题题组
Passage 1

年份
体裁
话题
全文词数
建议用时
段首
段中
段尾
2019全国Ⅰ卷
说明文
呼吸新鲜空气对人体好处
333
6.5 min
2
3
0
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” 1 According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.
2 If the air you’re breathing is clean — which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities — then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles (肌肉) and your brain.
Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing (治愈). 3 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood (情绪). Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 4 It gives us a great feeling of peace.
5 While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D — but still protect your skin — put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that’s plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day’s worth of Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了到户外呼吸新鲜空气对人体的各种好处。
1. E。根据本段第一句话“人们总是让我们出去呼吸新鲜空气”和空格后一句“回答是肯定的”可知此处应填入一个一般疑问句，即“新鲜空气果真如妈妈总说的那样好吗？”
2. A。 文章开头讲述了新鲜空气对人有好处，那接下来应该介绍具体的好处。空白处应是本段的总起句。通过阅读本段后面部分可知，本段主要讲述了远离城市雾霾，到大自然中呼吸新鲜空气对人体带来的好处。而对人体呼吸和氧气供应产生影响的器官，就是肺。只有肺里清洁，呼吸才能畅通无阻，才能让人充满活力。由此推断，选项A更符合常识以及本段大意。
3. G。本段空格后提到in these places“在这些地方”可知，空格处应该是某个地点。此外，本段第一句提到研究人员在研究自然环境和疾病痊愈之间的关系，那么紧接着应该要建立这种接近自然的康复中心，因此选G。
4. C。从本段的in these places一直到此空前，作者描述了接近大自然的患者康复更快，再结合此空后“这给了我们平和宁静”可知，此处应为总结句，描述大自然的作用，因此选C。
5. D。该空后一句提到，尽管太阳光线会使人的皮肤老化、受损，但也能提供有益人体的维生素D。由此可知，空格处应该与太阳光线有关。

Passage 2

年份
体裁
话题
全文词数
建议用时
段首
段中
段尾
2019全国IⅠ卷
说明文
如何激发动机并实现目标
332
6.5 min
1
4
0
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: “Should I jump?” This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. 1 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
2 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals.
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 3 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰) of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 4 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 5 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself?
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals?
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了动机和目标的关系以及如何激发动机并设定切实可行的目标。
1. G。上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”，下文说“就像孩子在跳水台，你会犹豫不决。”，该空承上启下，G选项“没有动力，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它”切题，故选G。
2. B。上一段阐述了动机和设定目标的关系，强调了动机的重要性，本队进一步讲如何激励自己并保持动力来实现目标。B选项“那么你应该如何激励自己呢？”承上启下，故选B。
3. A。上文说“有时候你的心不在工作上”，下文说“所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什么”。该空承上启下，A选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选A。
4. E。上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题，故选E。
5. C。上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。”下文说“你应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”。该空承上启下，C选项“然而，这不应该使你气馁。”切题，故选C。
Passage 3

年份
体裁
话题
全文词数
建议用时
段首
段中
段尾
2019全国IIⅠ卷
说明文
上在线课程两大注意事项
287
6 min
1
4
0
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 1 While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic (逻辑) of each to their particular circumstance.
Do’s
● 2 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus (教学大纲) and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn’t hiding in plain sight.
●Participate in discussion forums (论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 3 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don’ts
●Don’t share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 4
●Don’t openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 5 When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor’s professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That’s what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do’s and don’ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在参加在线课程时，如何与课程教授保持良好的沟通，并列出“可做”与“不可做”的事。
1. E。第一段第一句话，In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 提到在在线课堂中，与教授形成良好的交流是至关重要的。第二至五段，则详细介绍了do’s 和don’ts的内容。由此可见，选项E符合语境。
2. G。根据空格后的Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.本段应与questions这一关键词有关以及根据asking questions等信息可知，选项中，只有G项符合。
3. A。根据本段第一句话，Participate in discussion forums, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue可知，要参加研讨论坛，加入博客讨论以及其他开放式的对话论坛，因为这些讨论形式就是让学生参与的。选项A符合语境。
4. C。根据上一句if you are in need of…the professor 可知，如果你想延长截止日期，简明地向教授说明情况即可。通过以上推断，如果想了解更多信息，他们会问你，即选项C符合语境。
5. F。该空前一句提到，不要公开表达对教授或者班级的不满。后文说如果教授的专业水平或能力确实令人担忧，一定要使用在线课程评估来冷静地发表你的意见。由此推断，选项F符合文意。
Passage 4

年份
体裁
话题
全文词数
建议用时
段首
段中
段尾
2019北京卷
说明文
天才运动员与团队表现关系
391
7.5 min
2
2
1
Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished (完成) in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. 1 Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent?
2 They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent; above that level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly, this trend isn’t evident in baseball, where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance.
To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate (协调) their actions. 3 In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the team's performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told, “There is no I in TEAM.” 4
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war (拔河比赛), whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
5 . An A-team may require a balance——not just A players, but a few generous B players as well.
A. It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent
C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention.
D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.
F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.
G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
文章大意：这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。
1. B。上文说“大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的个人”。下文说“公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。”该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项“运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。”切题，故选B。
2. E。 下文说“他们专注于足球、篮球和篮球。结果有好有坏。”这些都属于体育方面，该空引出下文，E选项“最近的几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用。”切题，故选E。
3. G。上文说“为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了一场好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程度”，下文说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。”切题，故选G。
4. D。上文说了“一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现”，该空承接上文，D选项“球星显然没有遵守运动员精神的基本原则”切题，故选D。
5. F。下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。”该空引出下文，F选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。”切题，故选F。
Passage 5

年份
体裁
话题
全文词数
建议用时
段首
段中
段尾
2019浙江卷
说明文
披头士乐队引领新潮流趋势
317
6 min
1
3
1
Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups, they make very different music. 1 At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool.
After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. 2 They held large concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends (传说). John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year.
3 They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. 4 The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasion (入侵) by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. 5
A. They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964.
B. Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time.
C. Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s.
D. However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come.
E. Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles.
F. They appeared in the films A Hard Day's Night (1964) and Help! (1965).
G. They performed their first concert in America at CBS television’s 53rd street studio.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了披头士乐队的成功引领了摇滚乐等一系列新的潮流趋势。
1. C。第一段讲述摇滚音乐，根据空后的at that time可知，前句提到了时间，而且与rock music有关，选项中只有C项讲的是摇滚音乐，并且讲述了其发展的时间，故选C。
2. B。空前后都是讲述披头士的出名程度，根据空前extremely popular in England以及后文的they became the hottest thing可知，此处描述了他们的影响，选项B（甚至他们的发型在那时也成为了一种潮流）符合文意，且关键词even是一个提示，故选B。
3. A。根据空后They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music.（他们不确定美国人怎样反应），可知他们首次来美国演出，所以A项（决定首次到美国开巡回演出）符合文意，故选A。
4. G。根据空后The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time.可知，前句中应该出现concert，选项G中的关键词their first concert 前后呼应。故选G。
5. E。根据空前（由于披头士，市场上出现了很多新面孔），E项（很多摇滚乐队都是模仿披头士），符合逻辑，披头士乐队为摇滚乐开拓了市场。故选E。

专题10 七选五之五年高考真题--2022年高考英语第二轮复习小题狂练
2014年真题题组
Passage 1
年份
体裁
话题
全文词数
建议用时
段首
段中
段尾
2014全国Ⅰ卷
说明文
让孩子适应未来四点建议
306
6 min
1
4
0
The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 1 By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.
1. Curiosity
Your children need to be deeply curious. 2 Ask kids, "What ingredients(配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?"and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time?
2. Creativity
True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. 3 There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.
3. Interpersonal Skills
Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what's going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. 4 "Why do you think she's crying?" "Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?""If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?"
4. Self-expression
5 There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas — music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.
A. Encourage kids to cook with you.
B. And we can't forget science education.
C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.
D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don't yet exist?
E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.
F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.
G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.
文章大意：本文针对如何让孩子适应未来的工作提出了四点建议：要有好奇心、创造性、人际交往技巧和自我表达的能力。
1. D。根据第1空后的"By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well"可知，第1空应填询问方式的问句，因此选D。
2. A。本段标题是"Curiosity"。第一句说，孩子需要有好奇心。第2空后主要介绍在教孩子做薄饼的过程中如何激发他们的好奇心。因此本空选A。
3. C。本段标题是"Creativity"。第一句说，真正的创造性就是用现存的材料创造出新东西的能力。故选C。
4. F。本段标题是"Interpersonal Skills"。第一句说，理解别人的感受对孩子来说可能是一个挑战。根据空后的问题可知，本空选F,家长可以利用故事书中的人物教育孩子，引导孩子学会揣摩别人的心思。
5. G。本段标题是"Self-expression"。根据下句"有很多表达想法的方式"可知，本空选G, 即能够用有意义的方式表达想法是一种珍贵的技巧。
Passage 2

年份
体裁
话题
全文词数
建议用时
段首
段中
段尾
2014全国ⅠI卷
说明文
时间紧迫如何烹饪的建议
316
6.5 min
1
4
0
Tips for Cooking on a Tight Schedule
From my experience, there are three main reasons why people don't cook more often: ability, money, and time. 1 Money is a topic I'll save for another day. So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen. Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule:
●Think ahead. The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I'm already hungry and there's nothing ready to eat. So think ahead of the coming week. When will you have time to cook? Do you have the right materials already? 2
●Make your time worth it. When you do find time to cook a meal, make the most of it and save yourself time later on. Are you making one loaf of bread? 3 It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something. So save yourself the effort for a future meal.
● 4 This may surprise you, but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation. It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule. The more you learn and the more you try, the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.
Hopefully that gives you a good start. 5 And don't let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!
A. Try new things.
B. Ability is easily improved.
C. Make three or four instead.
D. Understand your food better.
E. Cooking is a burden for many people.
F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.
G. A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.
文章大意：本文就时间紧迫的情况下如何烹饪给出了三条建议。
1. B。上文提到人们不常做饭的三大原因：能力、金钱和时间。下面紧接着提到金钱和时间，因此本空谈论的应是做饭的能力。
2. G。本段主题句是"Think ahead.",故G项与之呼应。
3. C。上文提到"你在做一条面包吗？",下文提到"做更多的东西所花的时间基本上是一样的"，故此处指"那就做上三四条吧"。
4. A。本段提到烹饪需要不断尝试、创新才能惊喜不断。故A项切题。
5. F。前一句提到"那有望给你新的开始"，下文提到"don’t let a busy schedule discourage..."，因此F项衔接最好。
Passage 3

年份
体裁
话题
全文词数
建议用时
段首
段中
段尾
2014北京卷
说明文
评估健康信息来源的建议
345
7 min
1
2
2
Evaluating Sources (来源) of Health Information
Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information, how to separate fact from opinion, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 1
Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. 2
Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior "contributes to" or is "associated with" an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. 3 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.
Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 4 Evaluate "scientific" statements carefully, and be aware of quackery (江湖骗术).
5 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.
Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.
A. Make choices that are right for you.
B. The goal of an ad is to sell you something.
C. Be sure to work through the critical questions.
D. And examine the findings of the original research.
E. Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.
F. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author's point of view.
G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.
文章大意：本文就健康信息的评估来源问题向读者提供了几条建议。
1. G。从文章篇章结构分析，此处起承上启下的作用。故选G项。
2. D。本段的中心句是"Go to the original source.",选项D中的关键词语"original research"与本段主旨相吻合，故选D项。
3. F。选项F与该段的主旨相吻合，F项中的also一词也很好地衔接了前一句话，同时从意思上也很好地引出了下文。
4. B。选项B中的关键词语"an ad"与上句中的"advertisements"相呼应。
5. A。根据文章结构分析，此处是本段的主旨句，结合后面的内容可知，本段主要讲的是我们每一个人要作出适合自己的选择，故选A项。


Passage 4

年份
体裁
话题
全文词数
建议用时
段首
段中
段尾
2014辽宁卷
说明文
终身视力健康五条建议
325
6.5 min
1
4
0
Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but it's easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight:
●Schedule yearly exams. 1 Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.
●Protect against UV rays (紫外线). Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it's extremely important to wear sunglasses. 2
●Give your eyes a break. Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. 3 Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.
● 4 As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins (维生素) C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.
●Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses (隐形眼镜). Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. 5 Otherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.
A. Eat your greens.
B. Eye care should begin early in life.
C. They can properly protect your eyes.
D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.
E. Parents usually don't care about their own eyesight.
F. Always follow the doctor's advice for appropriate wear.
G. This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.
文章大意：视力在我们的日常生活中具有重要作用。超过5%的美国人担心失明，本文给出了五条建议，保证一生视力健康。
1. B。根据下句"Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check"可知，句中的careful与B项中的care对应，"babies 6 to 12 months"与B项中的"early in life"对应。故选B。
2. C。上句意为：不管是什么季节，戴太阳镜都是极其重要的。C项"它们能适当地保护你的眼睛"能很好地衔接上文。故选C。
3. G。本段主题句是"Give your eyes a break."，G项"这样频繁的眼睛活动会增加眼疲劳的风险"符合本段主题，也直接引出下句"专家推荐人们采用20/20/20规则……"。故选G。
4. A。空格处后文的内容是：作为健康饮食的一部分，每天要吃更多的水果和蔬菜。维生素C和E帮助保护视力，促进眼睛健康。所以A项"吃绿色食物"能够概括本段大意。故选A。
5. F。F项"Always follow the doctor’s advice for appropriate wear."和空格处上句中的"follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses"对应。故选F。