第7讲 并列句和状语从句 精讲精练 2022届准高三高考英语语法暑假专练

准高三语法精讲精练第7讲 并列句和状语从句

 一 简单句

主语+谓

1 主语+Vt+宾语（动宾结构）

2 主语+Vt+宾语+宾补

3 主语+Vt+间接宾语+直接宾语 (双宾语)

4 主语+Vi

5主语+Vi+介词+宾语（介宾）

6主语+系动词+表语（系表结构）

二 并列句

1 表示递进

2 表示选择

3 表示转折

4 表示因果

三 复合句

1 定语从句

2 名词性从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句

3 状语从句：时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、方式、比较

一 并列句

1 表示递进：and, not only…but also…,neither…nor…,not…but…

2 表示选择：or, either…or…,otherwise

就近原则：Neither he nor I am living here.

Either he or I am living here.

Not only he but also I am living here.

3 表示转折：but, yet, whereas, while

4 表示因果：so, as, for, because, since, now that

二 状语从句

1 时间状语从句

(1)when, while, as

(2)as soon as, immediately, instantly, directly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner…than…,hardly/scarcely…when…

The moment/Immediately I heard the voice, I knew Father was coming.

No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.

Hardly had we got home when it began to rain.

(3)till, until, not…until(部分倒装，强调句)

I didn’t know about it until you told me.

Not until you told me did I know about it.

It was not until you told me that I knew about it.

(4)since, before

(5)every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time, all the time+句子

2 条件状语从句

If, unless, if…not…, so long as, as long as, on condition that, in the event that, suppose/supposing that, provided/providing that

3让步状语从句

(1) although, though, even though, even if

(2) no matter+疑问词，疑问词+ever

(3)while, when

(4) as

Fail as I might, I still want to attempt it. （让步）

Child as he is, he can lift such a heavy box. （让步）

Little as he is, he can lift such a heavy box. （让步）

4 地点状语从句

Where, wherever, everywhere, nowhere

5 方式状语从句

as, as if, as though

6 结果状语从句

(1)so that, so…that…, such… that…(so与such的区别)

(2)enough to…, too…to…, so…as to（与can’t, couldn’t ,can never, could never连用）

7 目的状语从句

In order that, so that, for fear that, in case that, lest

8原因状语从句

(1)because, since, as, for

(2)when, considering that

9 比较状语从句

than, so/as…as…, the+比较级，the+比较级

               重要的连词辨析

1 as做连词，引导时间、让步、方式、原因和定语从句

He hurried home, looking behind as he went.（时间）

You will grow wiser as you grow older. （时间）

Fail as I might, I still want to attempt it. （让步）

Child as he is, he can lift such a heavy box. （让步）

Little as he is, he can lift such a heavy box. （让步）

Do as you are told to, or you’ll be fired. （方式）

As it’s getting darker, we must go home now. （原因）

He is not the same man as he was.（定语从句）

He is such a clever boy as everyone likes. （定语从句）

She is late, as is often the case. （定语从句）

while 引导时间、让步、转折并列句

Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.

While I admit that there are problems, I don’t agree that they can’t be solved.

Some men are rich, while others are poor.

状语从句中的倒装

Not only did he speak more correctly, but also he spoke more easily.

Neither does he work hard, nor does his brother.

Not until you told me did I know about it.

No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.

Hardly had we  got home when it began to rain.

So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the problems.

Such a clever student was he that he was able to work out all the problems.

though 连词 “虽然”让步状语从句

Though it was raining hard, yet they went on playing football.

Child as/ though he is, he can lift such a heavy box.

副词“可是 然而”句末

He said he would come, he didn’t, though.

so和such

1 so honest a worker= such an honest worker

2 修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词只能用such fine weather/ such difficult problems

3 表示数量的词:little, few, many, much

so little money/ so many books

4 little：

so little a boy= such a little boy

   too… to…, enough to…与can’t, couldn’t ,can never, could never连用，越……越好

You can’t be too careful when crossing the street.

You can never be careful enough when crossing street.

真题感悟

一、单句语法填空

1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.

答案：When/As　本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，且从句中动词ask为短暂性动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。

2．(2020·江苏高考)They decide to have more workers for the project ________ that it won't be delayed.

答案：so　句意：他们决定为这项工程增加工人，以免耽搁进度。设空后it won't be delayed是前面采取措施的目的，应使用so that引导目的状语从句。

3．(2018·北京高考)________ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.

答案：If　句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化，世界上的很多动植物将会消失。if引导条件状语从句，主句表明造成的后果。

4．(2018·天津高考)Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend so ________ they get sweet enough to be eaten.

答案：that　句意：让我们这个周末再摘桃子，这样的话，它们吃起来就变得足够的甜。从句为目的状语从句，故用so that引导。

5．(2018·江苏高考)________ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.

答案：Unless　句意：除非你睡得好，否则一两个晚上之后，你会失去专注、计划和保持动力的能力。

6．(2018·浙江高考)I was performing this action of waiting ________ it later became a habit.

答案：until　句意：我继续这种拖延，直到它成了一种习惯。根据句意填until。

7．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, ________ we can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren't for casual conversation.

答案：but　句意：把闲谈看作不重要的事情是很容易的，但是我们不要忘了如果没有闲谈的话，密切的关系也不会存在。前后表示转折关系，因此使用but。

8．(2019·天津高考)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion ________ he wants their support.

答案：unless　句意：汤姆很自立，只有在他需要支持的时候，才问父母意见。这里用从属连词unless引导条件状语从句。

9．(2018·天津高考)Next time you take a walk, no matter ________ it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations.

答案：where　句意：下一次你散步的时候，无论在哪儿，欣赏所有的风景、声音和感觉。no matter where引导让步状语从句。

10．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Whaley got the idea of this second­grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands ________ they thought they could never be a president.

答案：if　句意：一天惠利让孩子们举手表示，如果他们认为他们自己永远都不可能成为总统，这时，惠利突然有了这个总统竞选活动的想法。if “如果……”。

11．(2018·天津高考)________ you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.

答案：Whenever　句意：无论什么时候你搬到一个新地区，你应该查找火警自动警报器和离你房间最近的两个出口的位置。此处表示“无论什么时候”，因此使用whenever引导让步状语从句。

12．(2018·浙江高考)________ his regular job was boring, I asked him why he just didn't do his sideline full­time.

答案：Since　句意：因为他的全职工作令人厌烦，我问他为什么不把副业当成全职来做。此处表示“原因”，故填Since，引导原因状语从句。

13．(2018·江苏高考)From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values doubled, ________ they continue to rise in many regions.

答案：and　句意：从2004年到2013年，农业土地的价值增加了一倍，并且在很多区域它们的价值在继续上涨。根据语境，表示并列关系，故填and。

14．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)I jumped at the idea of taking the class ________， after all,  who doesn't want to save a few dollars?

答案：because　句意：我迫不及待地想去上这门选修课，因为毕竟谁不想省几个钱呢？此处表示原因，故使用because引导原因状语从句。

15．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)It's about two sisters—Eri, a model who ________ won't or can't stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student.

答案：either　句意：它是关于两个姐妹，一个是不愿或不能停止睡觉的模特，另一个是玛丽，一个年轻的学生。either ... or ...  “要么……要么……”。

16．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)In that sense, I'm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act ________ I'd freely like to admit.

答案：than　句意：从这个意义上说，我很确定志愿服务比我愿意承认的更自私。more ... than ...  “相比……更……”。

17．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)We see the sky is blue, ________ down in the valley it's darker—it's like on a cloudy day.

答案：but　句意：我们看到天空是蓝色的，但在下面的山谷里，天更黑了，就像阴天一样。前后两个分句存在转折关系，故填but。

18．(2019·江苏高考)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ________ case they need medical assistance.

答案：in　句意：这位医生把他的电话号码告诉病人，以防他们需要医疗帮助。in case “以防……”。

19．(2018·江苏高考)Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e­mailing each other, ________ we will have developed more convenient electronic communication tools by then.

答案：for　句意：很有可能到2025年我们不再互发邮件，因为那时我们将已经研发出更加便利的电子通讯工具。for是并列连词，表示原因。

二、单句改错

20．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.

__________________________________________________________

答案：unless→until/till　句意：我耐心等待，直到油烧热。此处是指“直到”油烧热，应使用until/till引导时间状语从句，故将unless改为until/till。

21．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.

__________________________________________________________

答案：where→when　根据后面的“I was a child”可知，“当我还是一个孩子的时候”，是一个时间状语从句，故将where改为when。

23．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)I didn't realize how right my parents were when I entered high school.

__________________________________________________________

答案：when→until　句意：我直到进入高中才意识到我的父母是多么地正确。not ... until “直到……才……”。

24．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep after you are very excited.

__________________________________________________________

答案：after→when　句意：锻炼使你获得能量，因此当你兴奋的时候，很难放松并且获得一个安静的睡眠。when “当……时”。

25．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return  every two years, but he agreed.

__________________________________________________________

答案：but→and　“我计划每两年回乡下一次”与“我父亲同意了”是并列关系，不表示转折，故将but改为and。

26．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I'm secretly relieved so I know there's real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many.

__________________________________________________________

答案：so→because　句意：我暗自松了一口气，因为我知道在许多人之间分担志愿者责任是有真正的力量的。此处表原因，故将so改成because。

27．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)After I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.

__________________________________________________________

答案：After→Before　句意：我还没有意识到这一点，一个小时已经过去了，并且到了去吃午饭的时间了。

28．(2019·北京高考)The problem of robocalls has gotten too bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don't know.

__________________________________________________________

答案：too→so　这里应该是so ... that ... 状语从句，故将too改为so。

29．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)We love Mexican churros, but I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant.

__________________________________________________________

答案：but→so　句意：我们喜欢墨西哥小油条，因此我们通过电话从当地的墨西哥外卖餐馆中购买它们。设空前后是因果关系，而不是转折关系，故将but改为so。