山东省招远第一中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题

这是一份山东省招远第一中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，汉译英，其他应用文等内容，欢迎下载使用。

山东省招远第一中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________


一、阅读理解
Each applicant to Harvard College is considered with great care. We consider each applicant to Harvard College as a whole person, and put enormous care into evaluating every application. We hope you will explore the information in this section to understand what we look for in our admissions process.
How to Apply
Submit your application through the Common Application, the Coalition Application, or the Universal College Application. Each is treated equally by the Admissions Committee. Complete and submit your materials as soon as possible to ensure full and timely consideration of your application. View our Application Tips for step-by-step information.
When to Apply
Date
Deadline
Date
Deadline
November 1
Early Action Deadline
March 1
Financial Aid Application deadline
November 1
Early Financial Aid Application deadline
Late March
Decision letters mailed
Mid - December
Early Auction decisions released
May 1
Reply date for Admitted Students
January 1
Regular Decision deadline


What We Look For
We seek promising students who will contribute to the Harvard community during their college years, and to society throughout their lives.
While academic accomplishment is the basic requirement, the Admission Committee considers many other factors—strong personal qualities, special talents or excellences of all kinds, perspectives formed by unusual personal circumstances, and the ability to take advantage of available resources and opportunities.
We outline everything you need to apply to Harvard.
Click https: //college. harvard. edu/admissions/apply to get detailed requirements.
1．Where can you find step-by-step information of how to apply?
A．Common Application. B．Coalition Application.
C．Universal College Application. D．Application Tips.
2．Which is the final day for Financial Aid Application?
A．November 1. B．January 1.
C．March 1. D．May 1.
3．What is the basic requirement to apply for Harvard University?
A．Academic accomplishment. B．Strong personal qualities.
C．Special talents. D．Unique perspectives.

There was once a boy called Mario who loved to have lots of friends at school. However, he wasn’t sure whether or not his classmates were his true friends, so he asked his grandpa. The old man answered, “I have just exactly what you need; it's in the attic(阁楼). Wait here for a minute.”
Grandpa left, soon returning as though carrying something in his hand but Mario could see nothing there. “Take it. It’s a very special chair. Because it's invisible(无形的),it’s rather difficult to sit on, but if you take it to school and you manage to sit on it, you'll be able to tell who your true friends are.”
Mario took the strange invisible chair and went to school. At break time he asked everyone to form a circle, and he put himself in the middle, with his chair. “You’re about to see something amazing,” Mario said.
Then Mario tried sitting on the chair. He missed and fell straight onto his backside. Everyone had a pretty good laugh. Mario wouldn't be beaten. He kept trying to sit on the magic chair, and kept falling to the ground — until, suddenly, he tried again and didn't fall. This time - he sat, hovering(悬停)in mid-air.
Looking around, Mario saw George, Lucas, and Diana-three of his best friends — holding him up, so he wouldn’t fall. At the same time, many others he had thought of as friends were doing nothing but make fun of him, enjoying each and every fall.
Leaving with his three friends, Mario explained to them how his grandpa had so cleverly thought of such a good idea. Now he knows that those who take joy in our misfortunes(不幸) when we are in difficulty are not our true friends.
4．What did Mario’s grandpa take from the attic?
A．An invisible chair. B．An old chair. C．A real chair. D．Nothing.
5．Why did Mario’s grandpa give him the invisible chair?
A．To see whether Mario could sit on it.
B．To test who Mario's true friends were.
C．To let Mario have fun with his classmates.
D．To test whether Mario did well at school.
6．How was Mario able to hover in mid-air?
A．He saw the invisible chair suddenly.
B．He managed to sit on the chair finally.
C．His friends held him up with their hands.
D．His classmates gave him a chair to sit on.
7．What does the story tell us?
A．Never laugh at our friends.
B．True friends can help us do magic.
C．True friends are those who care for us.
D．Having too many good friends isn’t a good thing.

When you talk to doctors in the hospitals, it often happens that most of them are very serious and speak in a range of terms that may be difficult to understand. But Zhang Wenhong, the leader of the Shanghai team of experts in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia, is one of the exceptions. He caught the public's attention for his recent frank and funny speech.
Zhang's words first went viral on the Internet after he said in late January that he had sent doctors and nurses who are members of the Communist Party of China(CPC) to frontline hospitals to treat coronavirus cases. "When becoming CPC members, we vowed that we would always put people's interests first in the face of difficulties," Zhang said. “This is the moment we live up to the vow. All CPC members must rush to the frontline. No bargaining." Such a hardcore declaration of his attitude won widespread applause among Internet users. “A person's morals are witnessed most in a critical situation. Nothing could win more recognition from the people than the down-to-earth behavior of the CPC members, said Yang Haiyan, a 32-year-old Shanghai resident.
One month later, when Zhang advised local residents to reduce the risk of spreading the virus by staying at home, he said in Shanghai dialect: "If you don't stop seeing friends, you will see them again in the ICU.”
Though chased by the media, Zhang described himself as a medical worker who must speak out now, but will return to keeping a low profile after the outbreak ends. "I spoke because of the fear among the public, owing to limited knowledge of the contagion," said Zhang on Feb 26. “However, once the curtain of this coronavirus incident falls, it may be hard to find me. I’ll just hide myself in a comer, studying complicated patient cases and doing some reading, silently.”
8．What has made Zhang Wenhong so popular online?
A．His attitude towards his patients. B．His honest and humorous speech.
C．His vow to fight against the virus. D．His broad knowledge of the virus.
9．Why did Zhang Wenhong send CPC members of medical staff to frontline hospitals?
A．They would not bargain.
B．They should do as they had vowed.
C．They would be calmer in a critical situation.
D．They could win recognition from the people.
10．What can we infer from Zhang Wenhong's words in the last paragraph?
A．He doesn't like to speak in public.
B．He is looking forward to taking a break.
C．He is not a person who is after fame and attention.
D．He mainly treats people with complicated diseases.
11．In which column of a newspaper may the passage appear?
A．Figure B．Life C．Entertainment D．Medicine

Four years ago, more than 700 computer scientists competed in a contest to build an artificial intelligence (AI) that could pass an 8th-grade science exam. They all flunked. Even the most developed system couldn’t score higher than 60 points on the test. AI can’t match the language and logic (逻辑) skills that students are expected to have when they enter middle school.
Later, a system named Aristo was developed by the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence, a lab in the US. It recently passed an 8-grade science exam taken by many US students, the New York Times reported. It correctly answered more than 90% of the questions. Then it was given a 12th-grade exam and it scored more than 80 points.
Aristo was able to pass the exam because it can not only understand language but also use logical thinking to solve difficult problems. For example, it can understand what a forest fire is and how it could affect animals like rabbits. The Aristo system used Bert, a kind of technology developed by Google, to answer the questions. Bert has “read” thousands of Wikipedia articles and books. If it looks at a sentence with a missing word, it can correctly guess what the word is. With the help of Bert, Aristo has “read” a lot of science questions and answers. Over time, it was able to find logical patterns (模式) on its own.
Aristo’s success means that AI systems are getting better at understanding language and even respond to language. However, we can’t compare this technology to real human students and their logical ability, said Jingjing Liu, a Microsoft researcher, who has been working on similar technologies.
12．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “flunked” in the first paragraph?
A．Failed. B．Passed. C．Missed. D．Improved.
13．Why was Aristo developed?
A．To help students do well in exams.
B．To improve the logical skills of AI.
C．To help make school tests more scientific.
D．To show ATS ability to solve science problems.
14．What is the purpose of the third paragraph?
A．To show what else Aristo can do.
B．To tell what Aristo can learn on its own.
C．To explain how Aristo learns to solve problems.
D．To introduce another achievement in technology.
15．What do Jingjing Liu’s words show?
A．AI is not as developed as it might seem.
B．Humans can’t live without AI in the future.
C．AI will soon replace humans in many tasks.
D．Aristo’s logical ability still needs improving.

二、七选五
As English learners, you often feel anxious when you have to speak English in front of others. 16． Here are some solutions to help you build confidence in speaking English.
Adopt a practice and repetition routine （常规）.When something becomes natural to you, you begin to feel confident of doing it And the only way you can arrive at this“natural” way of doing things is through practice and repetition. 17． So write down what you may talk about and then practise saying it aloud and repeatedly before an English meeting.
18． You may lose confidence when your spoken English is misunderstood by listeners. In most cases, it's because the listeners are not used to your accent or you speak too fast. There is no doubt that speaking slowly is easy to achieve.
Don't run away from uncomfortable situations. It is natural for any human being to avoid uncomfortable situations when possible, but you will build your confidence in the uncomfortable zones. 19．
All in all, learning to speak English confidently doesn't happen overnight. 20． As the saying goes, "No pains, no gains." As long as you make enough efforts, you will surely improve your spoken English, and then you will naturally become confident of speaking English in front of others.
A.Purposely speak more slowly.
B.Try to understand your listeners.
C.It takes time and you need to make continuous efforts.
D.Well. It's the same principle as speaking English confidently.
E.It is common to make some mistakes when you speak English.
F.However, going from an unconfident speaker to a confident one is possible.
G.The secret is to be fully prepared, and then you will overcome the uncomfortable situations.


三、完形填空
Recently, I was diagnosed （诊断）with an incurable illness. And after that, I gave up 21 . Although I was able to pass my test last year, I stopped 22 when I turned 90.1 thought that it was finally the right time.
Needless to say, my family and my doctor were 23 to hear my decision. As I handed over the keys to the car to my son, I thought of all the cars my wife and I had 24 over the years. A car is 25 , independence, and an extension of your personality. Without one, you feel like less of a person. Now, my son often drives me to the city centre and my neighbours also offer me 26 when I'm on the way to the market. But after a lifetime of independence, the idea of being dependent on other people is hard to 27 . With my own car, I could go anywhere in no time. But now, my horizons （眼界）have 28 and I must plan ahead for everything. 29 , I've learned to face it and change and I found a（n） 30 to some of those problems. Last year, I 31 to buy a nice new four-wheel electric scooter （轻便摩托 车）,which made my route free from 32 and noise, with trees and green plants 33 cars and street signs.
Giving up something is hard, and some of us never accept the loss. For me, however, it was just the 34 result of a long and lucky life. Life in the slow lane (车道)turned out to be so much fun and so much 35
21．A．hiking B．camping C．cycling D．driving
22．A．willingly B．actually C．gradually D．angrily
23．A．annoyed B．comforted C．disappointed D．encouraged
24．A．repaired B．presented C．donated D．possessed
25．A．fortune B．equality C．freedom D．character
26．A．favours B．seats C．changes D．rides
27．A．give up B．get used to C．live up to D．drive off
28．A．extended B．broadened C．narrowed D．lowered
29．A．Luckily B．Generally C．Normally D．Deliberately
30．A．key B．entrance C．reply D．solution
31．A．decided B．refused C．afforded D．failed
32．A．convenience B．charge C．traffic D．expense
33．A．comparing B．replacing C．combining D．including
34．A．end B．beginning C．aim D．attempt
35．A．busier B．cheaper C．heavier D．tougher

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One day just before closing time, John rushed into36． TV store to buy a color TV setwith the money he 37． (save) for three months. The friendly shop assistant was waiting for the day's last and 38． (twenty) customer to reach her sales target for her bonus, 39．she warmly greeted John and showed him the various 40． (model) on display. She asked John to see 41． clear and colorful the image on the screen was. At that moment, a new commercial advertisement came onto the screen, 42． (introduce) a popular brand of camera as well as some beautiful pictures it had taken. The camera 43． (attract) John. He 44． (sudden) changed his mind and told the shop assistant “Thank you for the TV commercial advertisement. Now I have to hurry to the camera store 45． (get) that camera.”

五、汉译英（整句）
46．食用过多的糖会引起严重的健康问题。(lead to)(汉译英)
47．在高中，大多数的学生把阅读当作一种乐趣。（regard...as...）(汉译英)
48．你最好带上钥匙以防我和汤姆去了超市。（in case）(汉译英)
49．在外面吃饭是一个不错的选择，它与传统的丧失没有任何关系。（have...to do with）(汉译英)
50．在他年幼时父亲就去世了，他是由母亲抚养长大的。（bring up）(汉译英)

六、其他应用文
51．假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Mary来信想了解有关你校学生体育活动的情况，请你 给她写一封回信，内容包括：
1.学校的体育课安排；2.学生体育活动项目；3.你喜欢的活动项目。
注意： 1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。


参考答案
1．D
2．C
3．A
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了申请进入哈佛大学的流程，包括如何申请、何时申请以及哈佛大学关注何种类型的考生。
1．细节理解题。根据“How to Apply”部分中的最后一句View our Application Tips for step-by-step information可知，如果要知道申请步骤，可以阅读申请建议，故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据题干关键词final day定位至When to Apply部分，根据所列表格中March 1 Financial Aid Application deadline可知，助学金申请的最后期限是3月1日，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据What We Look For部分中的第二段中的While academic accomplishment is the basic requirement可知，进入哈佛大学就读的最基本条件是学术成就满足要求，故选A。
【点睛】
文章内容较为简单，集中考查细节题，对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别。如小题2题干中关键词的the final day，到文章找到关键词deadline。所以我们考生要通过比较这些细微区别，仔细辨别才能得出答案。

4．D
5．B
6．C
7．C
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。为了帮助Mario知道谁是自己真正的朋友，Mario的爷爷给了Mario一把“隐形的椅子”。通过它，Mario成功测试出了自己真正的朋友。真正的朋友是在我们处于困境时，真正关心我们，帮助我们的人。
4．
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Grandpa left, soon returning as though carrying something in his hand but Mario could see nothing there.”可知，祖父从阁楼里回来时，手里什么也没有。由此可知，他从阁楼里没有拿任何东西。故选D。
5．
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It’s a very special chair. Because it’s invisible （无形的），it's rather difficult to sit on, but if you take it to school and you manage to sit on it, you’ll be able to tell who your true friends are”可知，爷爷告诉Mario如果他可以做到这把隐形的椅子上，那么Mario就可以知道谁是自己真正的朋友。由此可知，爷爷给Mario隐形椅子的目的是为了测试谁是他真正的朋友。故选B。
6．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二和第三段中的“This time - he sat, hovering(悬停)in mid-air. Looking around, Mario saw George, Lucas, and Diana-three of his best friends — holding him up, so he wouldn’t fall.”可知，Mario的三个最好的朋友扶住了他，所以他才没有摔倒。故选C。
7．
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Now he knows that those who take joy in our misfortunes （不幸） when we are in difficulty are not our true friends.”可知，那些在我们处于困境时为我们的不幸感到高兴的人并不是我们真正的朋友。由此推知，真正的朋友是在我们处于困境时，真正关心我们，帮助我们的人。倒数第三段中Mario的三个朋友的做法也证明了这一点。故选C。

8．B
9．B
10．C
11．A
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了上海新型冠状病毒肺炎治疗专家组组长张文宏因其讲话在网上走红的相关事情和张文宏对他走红事件的一些看法。
8．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“He caught the public's attention for his recent frank and funny speech.(他因最近坦率而有趣的演讲而引起了公众的注意)”可知，张文宏诚实幽默的演讲让他网上受欢迎。故选B。
9．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Zhang's words first went viral on the Internet after he said in late January that he had sent doctors and nurses who are members of the Communist Party of China(CPC) to frontline hospitals to treat coronavirus cases. "When becoming CPC members, we vowed that we would always put people's interests first in the face of difficulties," Zhang said.(张文宏的这句话首次在网上疯传，是在1月底，他说他将共产党员医生和护士派去抗疫一线，救治新冠肺炎患者，张文宏说：“共产党员在宣誓的时候不是说吗，把人民利益放在第一位，迎着困难上)”可知，张文宏将共产党员派去一线的原因是他相信他们应该按照他们所宣誓的那样去做。故选B。
10．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“"I spoke because of the fear among the public, owing to limited knowledge of the contagion," said Zhang on Feb 26. “However, once the curtain of this coronavirus incident falls, it may be hard to find me. I’ll just hide myself in a comer, studying complicated patient cases and doing some reading, silently.”(张在2月26日表示：“我站出来说话是因为公众对于传染病的认识有限，产生了恐慌情绪，当新冠大幕落下，你也就很难找到我了，我就躲在角落里安静地看书，研究复杂病例了”)”可推知，张文宏不是一个追名逐利的人。故选C。
11．
推理判断题。根据第一段中“But Zhang Wenhong, the leader of the Shanghai team of experts in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia, is one of the exceptions. He caught the public's attention for his recent frank and funny speech.(但上海新型冠状病毒肺炎治疗专家组组长张文宏是一个例外。他最近的坦率而有趣的演讲引起了公众的注意)”结合文章讲述了上海新型冠状病毒肺炎治疗专家组组长张文宏因其讲话在网上走红的相关事情和张文宏对他走红事件的一些看法。可推知，文章可能出现在报纸的“人物”专栏。故选A。

12．A
13．B
14．C
15．D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款名为Aristo的人工智能。它拥有语言和逻辑思维能力，在Bert的帮助下，阅读了大量语言和科学类书籍，能在一定程度上通过自己的能力解决问题。但它还不能和真正的人类相比，它的逻辑能力有待于进一步提高。
12．
词句猜测题。根据划线部分后面的句子“Even the most developed system couldn’t score higher than 60 points on the test.(即使最发达的系统在测试中的得分也没有高于60分)”可知，AI在测试中的表现不尽如人意。由此可知，科学家失败了，即划线词意为“失败”与failed同义。故选A。
13．
推理判断题。根据第一段的“AI can’t match the language and logic (逻辑) skills that students are expected to have when they enter middle school.(在语言和逻辑能力方面，人工智能无法与学生进入中学时所期望的能力相媲美)”和第四段的“Aristo was able to pass the exam because it can not only understand language but also use logical thinking to solve difficult problems.(Aristo能够通过考试，不仅因为它能听懂语言，还因为它可以运用逻辑思维解决难题)”可推知，开发Aristo是为了提高人工智能的逻辑和语言能力。故选B。
14．
推理判断题。根据第三段的“The Aristo system used Bert, a kind of technology developed by Google, to answer the questions. Bert has “read” thousands of Wikipedia articles and books. If it looks at a sentence with a missing word, it can correctly guess what the word is. With the help of Bert, Aristo has “read” a lot of science questions and answers. Over time, it was able to find logical patterns (模式) on its own.(Aristo系统使用谷歌开发的Bert技术来回答问题。Bert阅读了维基百科上数以千计的文章和书籍。当它看到一个缺词的句子时，它能正确地猜出这个词是什么。在Bert的帮助下，Aristo已经阅读了许多科学方面的问题和答案。随着时间的推移，它可以依靠自己找到合乎逻辑的模式)”可推知，本段主要是为了说明Aristo是如何学习解决问题的。故选C。
15．
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“However, we can’t compare this technology to real human students and their logical ability, said Jingjing Liu, a Microsoft researcher, who has been working on similar technologies.(一直致力于相似技术研究的一位微软研究院刘静静表示，但我们不能将这项技术与真正的人类学生以及他们的逻辑能力进行比较)”可推知，刘静静认为Aristo的逻辑能力还有待于提高。故选D。

16．F
17．D
18．A
19．G
20．C
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章就怎样建立说英语的自信给出了几条建议。
16．
上文“As English learners, you often feel anxious when you have to speak English in front of others.（作为一个英语学习者，当你在别人面前说英语的时候，你经常会感到焦虑。）”说明英语学习者在别人面前说英语时，常常不自信，选项F“然而，从一个不自信的演讲者变成一个自信的演讲者是可能的。”承接上文，转折语义，说明有办法从不自信变得有自信，引出下文“Here are some solutions to help you build confidence in speaking English.（这里有一些方法可以帮助你建立说英语的自信。）”。选项中unconfident和上文anxious语义相关；选项中confident和下文confidence语义一致。故选F项。
17．
上文“Adopt a practice and repetition routine （常规）. When something becomes natural to you, you begin to feel confident of doing it And the only way you can arrive at this “natural” way of doing things is through practice and repetition.（采用练习和重复的常规。当某件事对你来说变得自然时，你就会开始对做它感到自信。你能达到这种“自然”做事方式的唯一途径就是通过练习和重复。）”说明要建立自信，就要通过练习和重复使说英语达到“自然”，选项D“这和自信地说英语的原则是一样的。”是对这种练习和重复的学习原则的概括。选项中代词It即指前文所说的练习重复达到自然的学习原则。故选D项。
18．
下文“You may lose confidence when your spoken English is misunderstood by listeners. In most cases, it's because the listeners are not used to your accent or you speak too fast. There is no doubt that speaking slowly is easy to achieve.（当你的英语口语被听众误解时，你可能会失去信心。在大多数情况下，这是因为听众不习惯你的口音或者你说得太快。毫无疑问，慢慢地说是很容易做到的。）”说明有时是因为你说的太快被听众误解，从而失去自信，说慢些可以解决问题，选项A“故意说得慢一些。”位于段首，点明本段主题。选项中speak more slowly和下文speak too fast以及speaking slowly语义相关。故选A项。
19．
上文“Don't run away from uncomfortable situations. It is natural for any human being to avoid uncomfortable situations when possible, but you will build your confidence in the uncomfortable zones.”（不要逃避不自在的情况。对任何人来说，尽可能避免不自在的情况是很自然的，但是你会在不自在的地方建立自信。）说明不要逃避出现失误令人不自在的情况，选项G“秘诀就是做好充分的准备，然后你就能克服那些不自在的情况。”承接上文，位于段尾，对上文提出的问题给出了解决办法。选项中the uncomfortable situations和上文中uncomfortable situations语义一致。故选G项。
20．
上文“All in all, learning to speak English confidently doesn't happen overnight.（总而言之，学习说英语不是一朝一夕的事。）”说明学习说英语不是短时间的事，选项C“这需要时间，你需要不断努力。”承接上文，继续说明学习说英语需要时间和努力，引出下文“As the saying goes, "No pains, no gains." As long as you make enough efforts, you will surely improve your spoken English, and then you will naturally become confident of speaking English in front of others.（谚语说: “不劳无获。”只要你做出足够的努力，你一定会提高你的英语口语，然后你将自然而然地变得有信心在别人面前说英语。）”选项中time和上文overnight语义相关；选项中efforts与下文efforts等语义一致。故选C项。

21．D
22．A
23．B
24．D
25．C
26．D
27．B
28．C
29．A
30．D
31．A
32．C
33．B
34．A
35．B
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者由自己变老不能开车继而引发对生活的感想，从开始认为不能失去自由到后面的慢慢接受了事实，得出这样的状态是他漫长而幸运的一生的最终归宿（结果）的感悟。
21．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近,我被诊断出一种无法治愈的疾病。在那之后，我放弃了开车。A. hiking徒步旅行；B. camping露营；C. cycling骑脚踏车消遣；D. driving驾驶，开车。根据下文的“Although I was able to pass my test last year”可知，作者去年能够通过考试，但最近,作者被诊断出一种无法治愈的疾病。在那之后，作者放弃了开车。故选D项。
22．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管我去年通过了考试，但当我90岁时，我自愿放弃了（开车），我认为这是正确的时间。A. willingly自愿地；B. actually实际上；C. gradually逐渐地；D. angrily生气地。根据后文“I thought that it was finally the right time.”可知，作者认为这是正确的时间，由此可推断作者是自己主动停止（开车）的，他认为这是对的。故选A项。
23．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不用说，我的家人和医生听到我的决定后都感到很欣慰。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. comforted得到安慰的，欣慰的；C. disappointed失望的； D. encouraged受到鼓舞的。根据上文“I stopped ___2___ when I turned 90.”可知，当听到作者90岁时主动放弃（开车）的决定时，作为家人和医生来说，对此决定应是感到欣慰、宽心的。故选B项。
24．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我把车钥匙交给儿子时，我想到了这么多年来我和妻子拥有的所有汽车。A. repaired修理；B. presented提出，呈现；C. donated捐献； D. possessed拥有。根据前文“As I handed over the keys to the car to my son.”可知，当作者把车钥匙交给儿子时，此情此景应该是在回想他和妻子多年来开过（拥有过）的车，内心有所不舍。故选D项。
25．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一辆车就是自由、独立的象征，是你个性的延伸。没有它，你会觉得似乎自己不是一个人。A. fortune运气；B. equality平等；C. freedom自由； D. character性格。根据下文“independence, and an extension of your personality.” “Without one, you feel like less of a person.”可知，一辆车代表着独立，是一个人个性的延展。设空处与“independence”成并列关系，由此可推测设空处应是“independence”的同类词（义近词），且是一个人个性延展的体现，所以设空处应是指自由。故选C项。
26．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我的儿子经常开车送我去市中心，我的邻居也会在我去市场的路上载我一程。A. favours偏爱；B. seats座位；C. changes改变； D. rides乘坐，搭便车。根据上文“Now, my son often drives me to the city centre and my neighbours” 以及下文“ when I'm on the way to the market. ”可知，作者不开车了以后没有车可开，他儿子就经常载他去市中心，当他想去市场的时候，街坊邻居也会载他一程，给他搭个便车。故选D项。
27．
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但独立了一辈子之后，依赖他人的想法就很难习惯了。A. give up放弃；B. get used to习惯；C. live up to不辜负；D. drive off赶走。根据上文“But after a lifetime of independence, the idea of being dependent on other people is hard to” 以及下文“With my own car, I could go anywhere in no time. ”可知，作者认为有辆自己的车可以随时去任何地方，此前也已经独立习惯了，但当他独立了一辈子之后，依赖他人的这种想法就很难适应（习惯）了。故选B项。
28．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是现在,我的眼界已经变狭窄了，我必须提前计划一切。A. extended延长；B. broadened拓宽；C. narrowed变窄；D. lowered降低。根据上文“But now”以及下文“I must plan ahead for everything.”可知设空处与上文是转折关系，由此可知作者现在的视野是变窄了，同时也要提前计划好一切，没有以往那样自由。与前文作者的自由独立、可以到处看世界形成对比。故选C项。
29．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我已经学会了面对和改变，并且找到了解决其中一些问题的方法。A. Luckily幸运的是；B. Generally一般地； C. Normally正常地；D. Deliberately故意地。根据下文“I've learned to face it and change”可知，作者已经学会了面对和改变，已经慢慢习惯现在的状态，这应是一件幸运的事。故选A项。
30．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我已经学会了面对和改变，并且我找到了解决其中一些问题的方法。A. key关键；B. entrance入口；C. reply回答；D. solution解决方法。根据上文“I've learned to face it and change”可知，作者已经学会了面对和改变，说明他已经找到解决现状的方法，已经慢慢习惯现在的状态。故选D项。
31．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年,我决定买一辆漂亮的新的轻便摩托车,这使我的路线可以从噪音中解放出来。A. decided决定；B. refused拒绝；C. afforded负担得起；D. failed失败。根据上文“I've learned to face it and change” “Last year”以及下文“to buy a nice new four-wheel electric scooter （轻便摩托 车）,which made my route free from ___12___ and noise”可知，作者已经找到了解决方法，也就是在去年下决心买了一辆轻便摩托车，这就可以让作者从和噪音中解放出来。故选A项。
32．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年,我决定买一辆漂亮的新的轻便摩托车,这使我的路线可以从（拥堵的）交通和噪音中解放出来。A .convenience便利； B. charge控告；C. traffic交通；D. expense消费。根据上文“I ___11___ to buy a nice new four-wheel electric scooter （轻便摩托车）”可知作者买了一辆很轻便的摩托车，说明他可以自己骑摩托车去想去的地方，可以远离（拥堵的）交通和噪音。故选C项。
33．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这使得我的路线可以从（拥堵的）交通和噪音中解放出来，树木和绿色植物取代了汽车和路标。A. comparing比较；B. replacing取代； C. combining结合；D. including包括。根据上文“I ___11___ to buy a nice new four-wheel electric scooter （轻便摩托车）”可知，作者买了一辆很轻便的摩托车，他可以选择自己的路线，不走交通拥挤的街道（有汽车和路标）而是走自己喜欢的有树木和绿色植物的路线。所以说是树木和绿色植物取代了汽车和路标。故选B项。
34．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：放弃一些东西是很难的，有些人从不接受失去。然而，对我来说，这是漫长而幸运的一生的最终结果。A. end结束；B. beginning 开头；C. aim目标；D. attempt尝试。根据上文“Giving up something is hard, and some of us never accept the loss. ” “however”可知，设空处所在句与前文形成转折关系。作者认为，有些人从不接受失去，认为放弃一些东西是很难的。然而作者却不认同，他认为对他来说这是漫长而幸运的一生的最终结果。故选A项。
35．
考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：慢车道上的生活有很多乐趣，更便宜（代价更低）。A. busier更忙碌的；B. cheaper更便宜的；C. heavier更沉重的；D. tougher更严格的。根据上文“Life in the slow lane (车道)turned out to be so much fun and so much”可知，慢车道上的生活有很多乐趣，and应是连接并列关系，说明慢车道上的生活应是不仅有很多乐趣，同时也更为便宜（代价更低），更轻松。故选B项。

36．a
37．had saved
38．twentieth/20th
39．so/and
40．models
41．how
42．introducing
43．attracted
44．suddenly
45．to get
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了约翰在买电视机的时候，由于一则广告，临时改变主意去买了照相机的故事。
36．
考查冠词。句意：一天就在关门之前，约翰跑进一家电视机店，打算用他攒了三个月的钱买一台彩色电视机。本句泛指 “一家电视机店”，应用不定冠词，TVs 是以辅音音素开头的词，应使用冠词a。故填a。
37．
考查动词时态。句意：一天就在关门之前，约翰跑进一家电视机店，打算用他攒了三个月的钱买一台彩色电视机。根据句意，约翰“攒钱”应该是发生在他“rushed into ”之前，应用过去完成时态。故填had saved。
38．
考查序数词。句意：友好的店员正在等着最后一个，也是第二十个顾客来达到她获得奖金的销售目标。本空修饰后面名词customer，是单数，再结合句意，这里应该指“第二十个顾客”，所以用序数词。故填twentieth或20th。
39．
考查连词。句意：友好的店员正在等着最后一个，也是第二十个顾客来达到她获得奖金的销售目标，所以她热情地接待了约翰。根据主从句的句意，前后可以为因果关系或者并列关系，应用so或and。故填so或and。
40．
考查名词复数。句意：所以她热情地接待了约翰，并给他展示各种各样的展览的样式。model为可数名词，前面有various修饰，所以model用复数形式。故填models。
41．
考查感叹句。句意：她要求约翰去看屏幕的图像是多么清楚及多彩。分析句子结构可知，see后从句为感叹句，感叹的对象是形容词clear和colorful，应该用how引导。故填how。
42．
考查非谓语动词。句意：这时，一个新的商业广告出现在屏幕上，介绍一款流行的照相机。分析句子结构可知，introduce与主语是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词形式，做伴随状语。故填introducing。
43．
考查动词时态。句意：这款照相机吸引了约翰。根据文章内容，本事件发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填attracted。
44．
考查副词。句意：他突然改变了主意，告诉店员“谢谢你的电视商业广告”。根据句意，此处修饰动词change his mind，应用副词。故填suddenly。
45．
考查非谓语动词。句意：现在我必须快点去那家照相机店买那个照相机。分析本句句子结构和句意可知，get that camera在句中做目的状语，应用不定式形式。故填to get。
46．Eating too much sugar can lead to terrible health problems.
【详解】
考查动名词、动词短语和名词。表示“食用过多的糖”，应用eat too much sugar。作主语，应用动名词。表示“能、会”用情态动词can，后接lead to“导致”，作谓语，表示“严重的”用形容词terrible ，修饰health problems“健康问题”，作宾语。故翻译为：Eating too much sugar can lead to terrible health problems。
47．In high school/In senior middle school, most students regard reading as a pleasure.
【详解】
考查固定搭配，简单句和时态。表达“在高中”，用介词短语in high/senior middle school；表达“把阅读当作乐趣”，用动词短语regard reading as a pleasure，regard ...as...为固定搭配，意为“把...看做”；再分析句意可知，本句为主+谓+宾的简单句句型，用一般现在时态。故翻译为：In high school/In senior middle school, most students regard reading as a pleasure.
【点睛】

48．You’d better take the keys in case Tom and I go to the supermarket.
【详解】
考查状语从句、固定短语和时态。结合句意“最好做某事”短语为had better do sth.；表示“带上钥匙”短语为take the keys；后跟in case引导的目的状语从句，主语为Tom and I；表示“去超市”短语为go to the supermarket，应用一般现在时。故翻译为You’d better take the keys in case Tom and I go to the supermarket.
49．Eating out is a good choice and it has nothing to do with loss of traditions.
【详解】
考查固定短语、动词时态和非谓语动词。句意：在外面吃饭是一个不错的选择，它与传统的丧失没有任何关系。Eat out在外面吃饭；be是；a good choice一个不错的选择；and并且；it它；have nothing to do with为固定短语，意为“和……没有关系”；loss of traditions传统的丧失。eat out作主语，需用动名词形式，此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，动名词作主语，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式is，and后面的并列句，主语是it，谓语动词使用has。故答案是Eating out is a good choice and it has nothing to do with loss of traditions.。
50．His father died when he was young, and he was brought up by his mother.
【详解】
考查动词、时态，被动语态，时间状语从句和动词短语。根据句意可知，该句叙述的是发生在过去的事情。因此该句应用一般过去时态。表示“他年幼时”，可用时间状语从句“when he was young”。表示“去世”，可用不及物动词die。bring up意为“将……抚养长大”，是及物动词短语。he和bring up之间是被动关系。因此表示“他由母亲抚养长大”应用“he was brouoght up by his mother”。故翻译为：His father died when he was young, and he was brought up by his mother。
51．Dear Mary,
How are you doing? You want to know something about PE classes and sports activities in our school, so I’m writing to share some details with you.
Every week, we have two PE classes, in which our school offers us opportunities to do a variety of sports. Not only do we play basketball and run for exercise, but our school also holds all kinds of sports competitions. Among all sports, I am keen on badminton most. As far as I’m concerned, there is nothing better than playing badminton. Playing badminton can strengthen my fighting spirit and my perseverance.
Looking forward to hearing from you again!
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Mary写封回信，介绍有关你校学生体育活动的情况。
【详解】
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和少量现在进行时等。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 学校的体育课安排；
2. 学生体育活动项目；
3. 你喜欢的活动项目。
第二步：列提纲（重点词组）
about PE classes and sports activities in our school; PE classes; do a variety of sports; play basketball; run for exercise; all kinds of sports competitions; be keen on; playing badminton; looking forward to
第三步：连词成句
1. You want to know something about PE classes and sports activities in our school, so I’m writing to share some details with you.
2. Every week, we have two PE classes, in which our school offers us opportunities to do a variety of sports.
3. Not only do we play basketball and run for exercise, but our school also holds all kinds of sports competitions.
4. Among all sports, I am keen on badminton most.
5. As far as I’m concerned, there is nothing better than playing badminton.
6. Playing badminton can strengthen my fighting spirit and my perseverance.
7. Looking forward to hearing from you again!
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表并列补充关系：Not only…but (also)
2.表因果关系：so
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Every week, we have two PE classes, in which our school offers us opportunities to do a variety of sports.（in which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2] Not only do we play basketball and run for exercise, but our school also holds all kinds of sports competitions.（否定词位于句首引起的半倒装句式）
[高分句型3] Playing badminton can strengthen my fighting spirit and my perseverance.（非谓语动词动名词作主语）