北京市东城区2018届高三上学期期末英语试题

这是一份北京市东城区2018届高三上学期期末英语试题，共24页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，完形填空，阅读理解，七选五，建议信，图画作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。

北京市东城区2018届高三上学期期末考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________


一、单项选择
1．—You’re late again.
—Sorry. I ________ to set my alarm clock.
A．forget B．will forget
C．forgot D．would forget
2．Lily’s drawing may not be excellent, ______ I know she has done her best.
A．so B．although
C．before D．as
3．Some pressure is good for you ________ it can help you try harder.
A．unless B．although
C．before D．as
4．Could you tell Jill ________ she should bring to the meeting tomorrow?
A．what B．when
C．whether D．why
5．I ________ Mr. Bert of the change of the meeting. You don’t have to phone him again.
A．have informed B．will have informed
C．would inform D．had informed
6．Workers have been working through the night ________ the bridge safe.
A．made B．to make
C．being made D．having made
7．Chinese kites in ancient times ________ in the shape of birds.
A．design B．had designed
C．were designed D．have been designed
8．—Remind me to buy a bottle of wine for the party this weekend.
—I ________.
A．can B．must
C．should D．will
9．The train is ________ schedule. You’ll have to wait another fifteen minutes.
A．in B．behind
C．across D．off
10．The rainforest is an amazing place, ________ with plants and animals that aren’t found anywhere else in the world.
A．filling B．filled
C．being filled D．to fill
11．______ we want to get to Chicago by sunset, it means having to leave at dawn tomorrow.
A．If B．After
C．While D．Where
12．History enables pupils to learn about their culture, ________ helps them to understand the society they live in.
A．who B．which
C．where D．that
13．______ 840 square miles, the national park has beautiful lakes, mountains and forests.
A．Cover B．Covering
C．Covered D．To cover
14．_____________ he works is considered the financial center of the city.
A．What B．Why
C．Where D．How
15．—How was the party last Saturday?
—It was fun; you ________.
A．came B．had come
C．would come D．should have come

二、完形填空
Big City Bus Driver
When I was 20, I went to stay with a friend for two weeks in Vancouver. My friend worked during the day, so I decided to go 16 on my own. I knew where I was and where I wanted to go, the Vancouver Aquarium（温哥华水族馆）. It sounded 17 .
But soon I was completely 18 . I boarded a bus, figuring it must do a circle, right? I rode a good half hour before becoming impatient and then got 19 . I walked quite a while, up and down various blocks, but had no idea where I was.
I’ve lived in a tiny town all my life, rarely leaving it. Being a “small town girl”, I admit I’m fairly 20 about city life. People at home always told me city people were cold and unconcerned about others, so I was afraid to 21 to anyone.
I got on another bus, and then another again. Finally, after hours, I decided to get on ONE bus, and stay on 22 I recognized something. I rode over half an hour. Nothing ever seemed 23 . When I became the only passenger on the bus, I began to get 24 . I had no cellphone, and didn’t even 25 my friend’s office telephone number.
As I was about to give up and leave the bus, the driver asked 26 I wanted to go. I told him the aquarium, and he laughed, saying his bus wouldn’t go anywhere near. I 27 back in my seat, really afraid and upset. He asked where I was from, and I told him what had happened and now I just wanted to go back to my friend’s place.
28 , the driver pulled the bus over and called me to the front. He gave me detailed 29 as to which buses to take, and how to understand the bus system. He 30 printed the bus tickets I needed from his machine.
I was shocked. He spent a good twenty minutes 31 me, telling me everything I needed to know. Before giving me the tickets, I thanked him repeatedly, and asked him how much I 32 for tickets, “Nothing. Just get yourself to your friend’s home.”
Thanks to his 33 , I was able to make my way back to my friend’s house. I don’t know what I would have done if that driver had not taken the 34 to help me. What people had told me was not true. City people 35 , just like the driver. I never did learn his name, but I’ll always remember him.
16．A．marching B．shopping C．cycling D．exploring
17．A．simple B．special C．far D．true
18．A．late B．tired C．alone D．lost
19．A．up B．off C．over D．about
20．A．guilty B．impatient C．ignorant D．serious
21．A．walk B．nod C．talk D．write
22．A．because B．until C．though D．after
23．A．familiar B．interesting C．necessary D．ordinary.
24．A．scared B．surprised C．angry D．curious
25．A．call B．notice C．tell D．know
26．A．how B．why C．whether D．where
27．A．looked B．sank C．dropped D．kept
28．A．Obviously B．Amazingly C．Gradually D．Usually
29．A．appointments B．positions C．instructions D．requirements
30．A．only B．ever C．almost D．even
31．A．with B．on C．at D．to
32．A．bought B．owed C．ordered D．charged
33．A．courage B．honesty C．kindness D．trust
34．A．time B．pain C．place D．risk
35．A．serve B．behave C．care D．understand


三、阅读理解
Cuyahoga Valley National Park Volunteer Program
Building a Community of Park Stewards

Position Title: Wildlife Volunteer – Butterfly Monitors (2 positions)
Dates: Mid May to September, 2018
Hours: 8 ~ 16 hours / week
Location: Cuyahoga Valley National Park
Duties: Park staff will train volunteers in butterfly identification and data recording for one week before volunteers work in team of two to help track butterfly monitoring areas. Butterfly monitoring areas are 1 ~ 2 miles in length and are walked one time per week. There are a total of three butterfly monitoring areas within the park. Butterflies are identified by using binoculars （望远镜） or by netting and releasing. Data is recorded on data sheets.
Skills Required: Applicants must have self motivation and desire to work with others. Volunteers will work during days when temperature is 70 degrees or more, between 10:30 am and 5 pm. Ability to walk a long distance in hot and humid conditions is needed. Skills with basic butterfly identification are not a must but helpful.
Requirements: Applicants must complete a National Park Service Agreement and have their backgrounds looked into. U. S. citizenship is required. Applicants must be current Kent State University students.
How to Apply: Please request an application from Mike Johnson at gkovach@kent.edu and send it back to Mike Johnson at gkovach@kent.edu, with the above position title as the subject, by February 15, 2018. If offered an interview, please come to Cuyahoga Valley National Park with your personal resume introducing your education and your previous work experience.
For further information, please call Jamie Walters at (330) 657-2142 or email jwalters@forcvnp.org.
36．What will a volunteer do in this program?
A．Help make a data record. B．Walk 1 ~ 2 miles every day.
C．Work at least 16 hours per week. D．Identify butterfly monitoring areas.
37．Applicants for the job must ______.
A．have the skills of butterfly identification B．have their backgrounds checked
C．be university graduates D．design a program
38．To apply for the passion, one needs to ______.
A．call (330) 657-2142
B．visit Jamie Walters at the office
C．hand in a resume before February 15
D．send the application to gkovach@kent.edu

“I wish we hadn’t come on this trip!” Jeff’s voice echoed across the narrow canyon （峡谷）. His father stopped, breathing heavily. “This is hard on you, but you’ve got to come through with courage!” He gently placed his hand on the boy’s shoulder. “Now, I don’t know if I can make it without stopping every so often. You’re young, but you’re strong and fast. Do you remember the way back from here to the road, if you had to go alone?”
Jeff flashed back to the painful scene of Mark, his seventeen-year-old brother at their campsite. He was bitten by a snake yesterday. This morning he couldn’t move, and the pain got worse. He needed medical attention right away. They had left their phone in the car, and it must have been out of power by then. Leaving Mark at the campsite and seeking help was their only choice.
“Jeff, could you do it?”
Jeff looked to the end of the canyon, several miles away. He nodded and a plan began to take hold in his mind. “What is the name of that little town we stopped, Dad??” There must be a hospital there.
“Flint. We parked at the side of the road a few miles out of Flint.”
Jeff nodded. Then they continued climbing. Stone by stone, they made their way up the canyon. Gradually, Jeff’s father grew smaller and smaller in the distance. Jeff waved to him and then climbed toward the road. Two hours later, he finally reached the road and struggled toward the town, almost exhausted.
“Can’t stop.” He thought. “Mark’s in big trouble. Keep going.” Suddenly, he saw a truck heading toward him. “Hey, mister!” He shouted, waving both arms. He began to jog toward the truck, and then broke into a full-speed run.
His chest was burning with every breath when the truck driver stopped by him. Jeff explained breathlessly. The driver reached for his cellphone as soon as he heard about Mark. “Better get the helicopter in there,” he said immediately. But Jeff wasn’t sure about that because everything got unclear and then went black and quiet.
Hours later, Jeff opened his eyes to find his father on a chair nearby. “You’re a hero, son,” his father said with a smile. “You had the helicopter sent into the canyon after Mark. I can’t tell you how happy I was when I saw it overhead. They got him to the hospital. He’s going to be fine soon. I’m so proud of you!”
39．Why did Jeff and his father climb up the canyon?
A．They were going for rescue. B．They were doing physical exercise.
C．They were meeting Jeff’s brother. D．They were searching for their campsite.
40．What happened to Mark?
A．He lost his way. B．He lost his phone.
C．He was hit by a truck. D．He was bitten by a snake.
41．Why did Jeff’s father let him go alone?
A．Jeff was faster than him. B．Jeff knew the way better.
C．Jeff needed more exercise. D．Jeff preferred going by himself.
42．What can be the best words to describe Jeff?
A．Humorous and ambitious. B．Determined and caring.
C．Cautious and sensitive. D．Generous and kind.

Ig Nobel Prize
Having a meal is an easy and delightful process for most people. However, for a woodpecker (啄木鸟), it’s not that simple. To get dinner, a woodpecker has to hit its head against a tree numerous times per day. Yet, amazingly, it never suffers any ill effects like brain damage. According to research, it is the woodpecker’s thick head bones that protect it from the impact of the blows. For explaining that, Ivan Schwab won an Ig Nobel Prize.
Ig Nobel Prizes are organized by The Annals of Improbable Research, an American magazine that celebrates the funny side of science. Each year, ten winners are awarded prizes in honor of their “achievements that first make people laugh, and then make them think”. Most of the award-winning research, like Schwab’s, may seem unusual, but it usually grabs people’s attention indeed. And no matter how ridiculous the research sounds, people can find it inspiring and amusing.
Brian Wansink’s research might interest you. He took home an Ig Nobel Prize for looking into the influence of visual factors on people’s appetites. He used specially designed bowls that refilled themselves with soup while people were eating. Since these people had no idea this was happening, they just kept eating from these “bottomless bowls”. They said they didn’t feel full because their bowls were not empty yet. People in this experiment ate 73 percent more soup than normal. Owing to these results, Wansink concluded that it’s not people’s stomachs that decide when they have eaten enough, but their eyes.
Ig Nobel Prizes also give attention to science and technology that is a part of our daily lives. Take the karaoke machine for example. Its inventor Daisuke Inoue was employed at a nightclub, playing the piano for the customers who wanted to sing. He wasn’t skillful enough to play all the songs properly. To clear up the problem, he created the karaoke machine. To Inoue’s surprise, the machine caused considerable changes in entertainment worldwide. The Ig Nobel Prize was awarded to Inoue not only because his invention was entertaining, but also because it brought about “an entirely new way for people to learn to tolerate each other”.
These research results of Ig Nobel Prizes may not be as great as Edison’s light bulb or Newton’s laws of motion. However, they do show people’s willingness to take action and to try new ways to solve problems. According to Marc Abrahams, a founder of the Ig Nobel Prizes. “If you win one, it means that you have done something.”
43．Why did Ivan Schwab win an Ig Nobel Prize?
A．His discovery can be applied in daily life.
B．His research result benefits the environment.
C．He invented a new way to avoid the impact of blows.
D．He found why woodpeckers could be free from brain damage.
44．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?
A．Why Ig Nobel Prizes can get people’s trust.
B．Why people’s eyes decide their stomachs.
C．Why Wansink won an Ig Nobel Prize.
D．Why visual research interests people.
45．The Ig Nobel Prize awarded to Daisuke Inoue suggests ________.
A．Ig Nobel Prize’s inventions can easily become popular
B．Ig Nobel Prize winners are familiar with entertainment
C．most Ig Nobel Prize’s inventions are created by accident
D．Ig Nobel Prizes may go to inventions with global influence
46．What do the research results of Ig Nobel Prizes have in common?
A．They are related to everyday life.
B．They solve problems in people’s work.
C．They seem unexpected but meaningful.
D．They are ridiculous and hard to understand.

Sharenting
It’s the holiday season, the time when we connect with family and friends. Social media sites like Twitter and Facebook are full of festive pictures, featuring parents’ catching and sharing those special family moments, their child’s wish list, and maybe even a cute video of their child dancing to “Jingle Bell Rock” while wearing a diaper (尿片) and Santa hat. Swelling with pride, parents can’t wait to get approval with a “thumbs up” or better yet a personalized message on their treasured post.
Adults should be able to post what they want online. However, when exposing family moments online, are they sharing too much information? Do parents have the right to share those cute now, but embarrassing later moments about kids? Have children willingly given their agreement to sharing their cute but funny video online?
A recent study found that 75% of parents turn to social media for parenting-related information and social support. There is even a term used to describe the overuse of sharing too much information about kids on social media: “sharenting”. Research also finds that “sharenting” isn’t going anywhere anytime soon. What’s troublesome is that a typical parent has about 150 Facebook friends and only a third of them are actual friends. So that brings up good questions – Who are we really sharing our information with and why? Who knows when and where that photo could resurface in the future?
While there’s no reliable information on how young children feel about things posted online, we do have information about how teens feel. According to a report by the Family Online Safety Institute, 76% of teens are concerned about their privacy. Many teens constantly search for new apps that allow anonymity. When names are required, they use screen names that don’t reveal real information. If our teens are doing a better job of protecting themselves online, shouldn’t parents take the lead and do the same? Plus, with more and more college admission representatives and potential employers surfing the internet for potential candidates, we’d hate for one of our posts to change an important decision. Think about it … online reputations are now becoming inseparable with real life ones.
Of course, we can secure our privacy settings, only allowing our friends to view pictures, posts and videos, but that doesn’t stop others from uploading our pictures. Adults need to be cautious of sharing information online, especially information about children.
So, this holiday season, enjoy family time and share those special memories with family and friends. Before clicking the app to upload photos or videos, stop and think twice.
47．Which of the following behaviors is “sharenting”?
A．A girl attends a live performance online.
B．A father tells his son’s story to his colleagues.
C．A mother posts her baby’s pictures on Facebook.
D．A boy invites his friends to his birthday party at home.
48．What does the underlined word “anonymity” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．One’s real name. B．Using strange names.
C．Unchangeable names. D．Being unknown by name.
49．What’s the author’s attitude toward “sharenting”?
A．Sympathetic. B．Negative.
C．Neutral. D．Unconcerned.
50．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To state an argument. B．To support an opinion.
C．To compare different ideas. D．To question a point of view.


四、七选五
In all our lives we must make choices. You make choices from the time you get out of bed in the morning until you go to sleep at night. What time to get up? What to wear? What to eat? You also make more significant choices when you graduate from high school. 51． College? Technical training?
No matter the size of the decision, the common thread in all of them is that they involve an opportunity cost. Opportunity cost is your next best alternative—your second choice. For example, it’s a Saturday night, and you are trying to decide among going to the movies, hanging out at a friend s house or going to the football game. 52． What is your second choice? If it is the football game, then that is your opportunity cost.
Opportunity cost is important. When you make a certain choice, it forces you to think more critically about ail of the abandoned choices. By recognizing opportunity cost, you can decide whether your decision is worth it.
53． As a high school senior, you face several options, including going to college, going to technical school, or going to the work force. If you choose college, the opportunity cost is losing what could have been purchased or saved with the money spent on tuition（学费）, housing, books, etc. for four years. 54． You would also lose four years’ worth of income and experience that you could have earned if you had gone straight to work.
However, it is still the case that college graduates earn more than high school graduates. And the unemployment rate among college graduates is less than that of high school graduates. 55． But, like
all decisions, it is one that should be arrived at only after looking at the costs—including the opportunity cost一and considering the follow-up question: is it worth it?
A．Will you go straight to work?
B．What causes opportunity cost?
C．But that’s not the end of the costs.
D．Suppose you decide to go to the movies.
E.If you give up college, what do you lose?
F.A perfect example is the decision to go to college.
G.For many students, going on to college is a wise decision.


五、建议信
56．你的美国笔友 Jim 来信询问中国教师节的情况。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1. 教师节的时间；
2. 学生向教师表达祝福的方式；
3. 庆祝教师节的意义。
注意： 1. 词数不少于50；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

六、图画作文
57．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，给学校英语报投稿，介绍你们上个月开展的一次班级活动。
注意：1. 词数不少于60；
2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Last month, we went to the exhibition displaying China’s outstanding achievements over the past five years.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


参考答案
1．C
【解析】考查动词时态。上句：你又迟到了。下句：对不起，我忘了设定闹钟。根据语境可知，“忘记”是过去的一件事情，所以句子用一般过去时态，故选C。
2．D
【解析】考查连词。句意：莉莉的绘画可能不是优秀的，因为我知道她已经尽力了。此处用as引导原因状语从句，故答案为D。
3．D
【解析】考查连词。句意：一些压力对你来说是好的，因为它能帮助你更加努力地尝试。as引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”，故选D。
4．A
【解析】考查宾语从句。A. what什么；B. when什么时候；C. whether是否；D. why为什么。句意：你能告诉吉尔明天她应该带什么去开会吗？宾语从句缺少引导词，bring要带宾语，故选A。
5．A
【详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我已告知Mr. Bert会议的改变。你没必要再给他打电话。根据语境可知，句子应用现在完成时态表示过去的动作对现在的影响，故答案为A。
6．B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了使桥安全工人们整夜地工作。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故选B。
7．C
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在古代中国的风筝被设计成鸟的形状。根据in ancient times可知，句子用一般过去时态，根据动词与主语是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。
8．D
【解析】
考查情态动词。A. can能，会；B. must一定，必须；C. should应该；D. will将要。上句：记得提醒我会周末聚会买瓶酒。下句：我会的。表示主观上的一种将要做某事，故选D。
9．B
【解析】
考查介词。A. in在……里面；B. behind在……后面；C. across穿过；D. off离开。句意：火车晚点了，你必须再等十五分钟。behind schedule晚点；落后于预定计划；误期；误点。根据语境可知，故选B。
10．B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：热带雨林是一个令人惊讶的地方，充满了世界其他地方不能找到的动植物。固定词组：be filled with被……充满，此处place和fill之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去分词做伴随状态，故选B。
11．A
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：如果我们在日落前到芝加哥，这就意味着明天黎明出发。此处表示条件，故用if引导条件状语从句，故选A。
12．B
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：历史能使学生了解他们的文化，这会帮助他们理解他们所生活的社会。此处是整个句子作先行词，后面是which引导的非限制性定语从句，故选B。
13．B
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：国家公园覆盖840平方英里，它有优美的湖、山和森林。the national park和cover之间是主动关系，故此处用现在分词表伴随状态，故选B。
14．C
【解析】
考查名词性从句。句意：他工作的地方被认为是这个城市的金融中心。空格处表示地点，故用where引导主语从句，故选C。
15．D
【解析】
考查含情态动词的虚拟语气。上句：上星期六的晚会怎样？下句：很有趣，你本应该来的。should have done本应该做而没有做。故选D。
【名师点睛】
1. “must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，语气比较坚定，通常只用于肯定句。如：It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
2. “can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句，could的语气较can弱。如：He can’t have finished the work so soon.
3. “may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测，might的语气比may弱一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑问句改用can或could。如：They may not have known it beforehand.
4. “need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情，或过去做某事纯属多余。如：I needn’t have bought so much wine—only five people came.
5. “should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做，其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了，这种句式含有不满或责备之意，ought to的语气比should强一些。如：You ought to / should have studied harder. 你本应该更努力学习的。（但没有）
6. “would ＋ have ＋ 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测，或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成，通常用来说明某一情况，但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。如：Another worker wouldn’t have acted like that.

16．D
17．A
18．D
19．B
20．C
21．C
22．B
23．A
24．A
25．D
26．D
27．B
28．B
29．C
30．D
31．A
32．B
33．C
34．A
35．C
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。来自小城镇的作者自己在城市里迷路，后来善良的公共汽车司机帮忙找回朋友的家。通过这个故事作者改变了对城市人的看法，意识到以前人们告诉他的关于城市人的事实不正确的。
16．D
考查动词。A. marching行军；B. shopping购物；C. cycling骑自行车；D. exploring探索。作者在Vancouver两周，朋友工作，所以自己去探索。故选D。
17．A
考查形容词。A. simple简单的；B. special特殊的；C. far远的；D. true真实的。我知道我在哪，我也知道我去the Vancouver Aquarium。这听起来似乎是简单的。故选A。
18．D
考查形容词。A. late迟的；B. tired劳累的；C. alone单独的；D. lost迷失的，失去的。但是不久我就迷路了。故选D。
19．B
考查副词。根据空前的becoming impatient坐了一个半小时的车，变得不耐烦；再跟句空后的I walked quite a while可知，作者下了车。get off下车，故选B。
20．C
考查形容词。A. guilty有罪的；B. impatient不耐烦的；C. ignorant无知的；D. serious严重的。根据Being a “small town girl”可知，作者对城市生活一概不知。故选C。
21．C
考查动词。A. walk走路；B. nod点头；C. talk谈话；D. write写。根据city people were cold and unconcerned about others（城市人冷淡不关心别人）可推知，所以“我”不敢和任何人交谈。故选C。
22．B
考查连词。A. because因为；B. until直到……为止；C. though尽管；D. after在……之后。我决定坐一辆公交车，一直坐在上面，直到看见认识的地方为止。故选B。
23．A
考查形容词。A. familiar熟悉的；B. interesting有趣的；C. necessary必要的；D. ordinary平常的。根据下文When I became the only passenger on the bus可知，车上就剩下了自己，也就是说还没有看到熟悉的地方。故选A。
24．A
考查形容词。A. scared害怕的；B. surprised感到吃惊的；C. angry生气的；D. curious好奇的。车上剩我一个乘客的时候，我感到害怕。故选A。
25．D
考查动词。A. call打电话；B. notice注意；C. tell告诉；D. know知道。我没有手机，我甚至不知道朋友办公室的电话。故选D。
26．D
考查宾语从句。A. how怎样；B. why为什么；C. whether是否；D. where在哪。当我正要下车时，司机问我去哪。故选D。
27．B
考查动词。A. looked看；B. sank下沉；C. dropped下降，减少；D. kept保持。我又坐回我的座位，真的害怕和不安。故选B。
28．B
考查副词。A. Obviously明显地；B. Amazingly令人惊讶地；C. Gradually渐渐地；D. Usually通常。令人惊讶地是，司机把车停了下来，叫我到前面去。故选B。
29．C
考查名词。A. appointments约定；B. positions位置；C. instructions说明；D. requirements要求。他详细告诉我乘哪辆公共汽车，故选C。
30．D
考查副词。A. only仅仅；B. ever曾经；C. almost几乎；D. even甚至。他甚至从他的机器里打印了我需要的车票。选D。
31．A
考查介词。句意：他和我相处了二十分钟，他告诉了我需要知道的一切。With在这里表示“用……”，故选A。
32．B
考查动词。A. bought买；B. owed感恩，亏欠；C. ordered命令；D. charged指控，收费。问他票价是多少。charge for索价，为……收费，故选B。
33．C
考查名词。A. courage勇气；B. honesty诚实；C. kindness善良；D. trust信任。多亏了司机的善良，我回到了朋友的家。故选C。
34．A
考查名词。A. time时间；B. pain疼痛；C. place地方；D. risk冒险。如果司机不花费时间帮助我，我都不知道要做什么。故选A。
35．C
考查动词。A. serve招待，供应；B. behave表现；C. care关心；D. understand明白，理解。以前人们告诉我关于城市人的事不是真的，像这个司机，城市人也关心他人。故选C。

36．A
37．B
38．D
【分析】
本文介绍Cuyahoga Valley National Park Volunteer Program，以及申请者的职责、如何申请等有关事宜。
36．A
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句Duties: Park staff will train volunteers in butterfly identification and data recording for one week before volunteers work in team of two to help track butterfly monitoring areas.可知，志愿者帮助做数据记录。故选A。
37．B
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Requirements: Applicants must complete a National Park Service Agreement and have their backgrounds looked into可知，要调查申请者的背景。故选B。
38．D
细节理解题。根据第四段How to Apply: Please request an application from Mike Johnson at gkovach@kent.edu and send it back to Mike Johnson at gkovach@kent.edu, with the above position title as the subject可知，申请者把申请发送到gkovach@kent.edu，故选D。

39．A
40．D
41．A
42．B
【分析】
Jeff、Mark和父亲在山谷旅行，不料Mark被蛇咬，唯一的方法就是走出山谷去求助。父亲让年轻力壮的Jeff独身穿过山谷去求救，Jeff不怕路途艰辛，终于碰到一位卡车司机，那位卡车司机帮助他进行求救。最后Mark被派来的直升飞机送到医院，父亲称赞儿子是英雄，因为他而自豪。
39．A
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句Leaving Mark at the campsite and seeking help was their only choice.可知，他们爬上峡谷是为了寻求营救。故选A。
40．D
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句He was bitten by a snake yesterday.可知，Mark昨天被一条蛇咬了。故选D。
41．A
细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句You’re young, but you’re strong and fast. Do you remember the way back from here to the road, if you had to go alone?”可知，Jeff年轻，比他父亲更快。故选A。
42．B
推理判断题。根据倒数第四段中Then they continued climbing. Stone by stone, they made their way up the canyon. —Two hours later, he finally reached the road and struggled toward the town, almost exhausted.和最后一段中“You’re a hero, son,” his father said with a smile. “You had the helicopter sent into the canyon after Mark.可知，为了救被蛇咬伤的兄弟，Jeff不怕路途艰辛，去寻求帮助，最后被派来的直升飞机把Mark送到医院。由此可知，Jeff是一个有勇气、意志坚定并且有同情心的年轻人。故选B。
【名师点睛】
推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案。本题第4小题，根据倒数第四段中Then they continued climbing. Stone by stone, they made their way up the canyon. ---Two hours later, he finally reached the road and struggled toward the town, almost exhausted.和最后一段中“You’re a hero, son,” his father said with a smile. “You had the helicopter sent into the canyon after Mark.为了救被蛇咬伤的兄弟，Jeff不怕路途艰辛，去寻求帮助，最后被派来的直升飞机把Mark送到医院。由此可知，Jeff是一个有勇气、意志坚定并且有同情心的年轻人。故选B。

43．D
44．C
45．D
46．C
【分析】
本文介绍Ig Nobel Prizes（搞笑诺贝尔奖），它可能会成为具有全球影响力的发明。Ig Nobel Prizes获奖的这些研究虽然意外但有意义。
43．D
细节理解题。根据第一段中...amazingly, it never suffers any ill effects like brain damage. According to research, it is the woodpecker’s thick head bones that protect it from the impact of the blows. For explaining that, Ivan Schwab won an Ig Nobel Prize.可知，他发现啄木鸟为什么能免遭脑损伤。因此Ivan Schwab获得了Ig Nobel Prize。故选D。
44．C
段落大意题。根据第三段第一、二句Brian Wansink’s research might interest you. He took home an Ig Nobel Prize for looking into the influence of visual factors on people’s appetites.可知，本段讲的是Wansink为什么获得Ig Nobel Prize。故选C。
45．D
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Ig Nobel Prizes also give attention to science and technology that is a part of our daily lives. Take the karaoke machine for example. Its inventor Daisuke Inoue was employed at a nightclub, playing the piano for the customers who wanted to sing.可知，Ig Nobel Prizes可能嘉奖具有全球影响力的发明。故选D。
46．C
推理判断题。纵观全文，特别是最后一段These research results of Ig Nobel Prizes may not be as great as Edison’s light bulb or Newton’s laws of motion. However, they do show people’s willingness to take action and to try new ways to solve problems. — “If you win one, it means that you have done something.”可知，Ig Nobel Prizes获奖的这些研究虽然意外但有意义。故选C。

47．C
48．D
49．B
50．A
【分析】
本文在陈述一个关于“sharenting”的辩论。
47．C
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句There is even a term used to describe the overuse of sharing too much information about kids on social media: “sharenting”.可知，C项（A mother posts her baby’s pictures on Facebook. 一个母亲把婴儿的照片贴在facebook上）的行为属于“sharenting”。故选C。
48．D
词义猜测题。根据划线词下句：When names are required, they use screen names that don’t reveal real information.(当名字被需要时，他们使用屏幕名称，不透露真实信息。)可知，许多青少年不断寻找允许匿名的新应用程序。划线词的意思是“匿名”，故选D。
49．B
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Of course, we can secure our privacy settings, only allowing our friends to view pictures, posts and videos, but that doesn’t stop others from uploading our pictures. Adults need to be cautious of sharing information online, especially information about children.可知，作者对“sharenting”是否定的。故选B。
50．A
主旨大意题。根据第二段Adults should be able to post what they want online. However, when exposing family moments online, are they sharing too much information? Do parents have the right to share those cute now, but embarrassing later moments about kids? Have children willingly given their agreement to sharing their cute but funny video online?可知，本文在陈述一个关于“sharenting”的辩论。故选A。

51．A
52．D
53．F
54．C
55．G
【分析】
在我们生活当中要做出很多选择，本文讲述了高中毕业后的几项选择面临的机会成本。
51．A
根据上句：当你高中毕业你也做出更重要的选择。无非就是“直接去上班，上大学或技能培训。”根据句意可知答案为A。
52．D
根据空格前文：you are trying to decide between going to the movies, hanging out at friend’s house or going to the football game.（你是正在尝试从去看电影，朋友家闲逛或去看足球比赛中做出决定。）可知，D项（Suppose you decide to go to the movies.假如你决定去看电影。）符合题意。
53．F
根据下文：作为一名高中生，你面临几个选择，包括去上大学，上技校还是去工作。可知，一个很好的例子就是上大学的决定。故选F。
54．C
根据下文：你也将失去你直接去工作本来能赢得的四年的收入和经验。由此推知，如果你选择上大学，那么所花的费用并不是成本的终点。故选C。关键词：but/also。
55．G
根据上文：然而，大学毕业生的收入要比高中毕业生高。可知，对很多学生来说，上大学是明智的选择。故选G。
【名师点睛】
做七选五时要注意文中有also的情况。also是“也”的意思，这就说明前文一定存在它的一个分支了，这样的例子比比皆是：前文交代“It helps you practice what you have learnt during the day and establish study habits that will be important in college ”虽然看上去很长的一句话，从句就有两个，但是重点就三个单词“It helps you”，此时在空中填上“It can also help you prepare for your classes and get a sense of progress.”，（关键词It can also help you）这样一对应就很工整了。当然“also”只是一个代表罢了，可以表示递进的词还有很多：what’ more, besides, in addition等等。本文题第4小题，根据下文：你也将失去你直接去工作本来能赢得的四年的收入和经验。由此推知，如果你选择上大学，那么所花的费用并不是成本的终点，也就是说还有更多花钱的地方。故选C。关键词：but/also。因为下文的also，说明前面有相似的内容。
56．Dear Jim,
I am very glad to know that you are interested in Teachers’ Day in China. We celebrate Teachers’ Day every September 10th. On that day, we will send best wishes and express our thanks to our dear teachers for their hard work. Some students write Thank-you cards to our teachers; others would like to send them beautiful flowers. Sometimes we prepare performances or give them hand-made gifts. In our school, we also have a tradition of serving tea to each teacher in the morning.
I think Teachers’ Day is a meaningful celebration. It gives us the chance to show our respect and love to our teachers. What’s more, respecting teachers is also a tradition for us Chinese.
Do you have a similar celebration for teachers? Looking forward to hearing from you soon!
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】
试题分析：本篇作文是一篇说明类的介绍信。从命题的角度讲，属于“节日介绍+意义”。美国笔友 Jim 来信询问中国教师节的情况。请你给他回信，内容包括：教师节的时间；学生向教师表达祝福的方式；庆祝教师节的意义。节日时间和庆祝方式贴合考生生活，大家经历过多次教师节的庆祝，所以难度不大。文章开头句交际功能句，需要符合交际双方的身份，因为给熟人写信，所以开头部分需寒暄表达。关于庆祝方式和庆祝意义，建议考生选取自己熟悉的词句，切勿标新立异，增加考场作文的时间成本和构思负担。遣词用语上，选取自然、简洁和实用的词汇，慎用难词。建议2018届考生们要学习掌握应用文写作的逻辑和层次，积累高频实用词汇，训练开放部分的思维逻辑，训练自己合理补充细节的能力，活学活用，这样才能真正达到“用应用文解决一件事情”的高考写作目标。
【亮点说明】
本文是一篇书信，属于应用文。文章格式正确，要点齐全，重点突出，语言流畅，文中使用高级词汇和句子。I am very glad to know that you are interested in Teachers’ Day in China.句中使用that引导的宾语从句；It gives us the chance to show our respect and love to our teachers.动词不定式作后置定语；respecting teachers is also a tradition for us Chinese.动名词在句中作主语；另外，On that day, Some …; others …，What’s more等的运用为文章增色添彩。
57．Last month, we went to the exhibition displaying China’s outstanding achievements over the past five years. As soon as we arrived, a guide gave us an introduction to the exhibition. While listening, we made some notes carefully. We fell excited and couldn’t wait to start the visit. Later, we looked around in the exhibition hall. We were all inspired by the various exhibits, including the models of the high-speed train. We took a lot of photos and were proud of the achievements of our country.
The next day, we had a discussion at school about how to present what we had seen. We finally decided on a class meeting. Immediately we devoted ourselves to preparing the presentations.
At the class meeting, we delivered speeches in turn, sharing the most impressive parts of the exhibition and expressing the confidence in the future of our country.
Both the exhibition and the class meeting are memorable experiences, which will encourage us forever.
【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇看图作文。根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，给学校英语报投稿，介绍你们上个月开展的一次班级活动。认真阅读四幅图画，然后确定文章的主题、文体、人称和时态。根据图画内容列出要点，并以此为基础充分发挥自己的想象力，灵活运用英语知识，采用不同的表达方式将各要点完整地表述出来。写作时注意时态、语态的合理运用，同时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词，适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【亮点说明】
本文是看图作文，文章能准确、恰当地体现出图画中的内容，语言流畅，结构布局合理，并在句中使用高级句子。As soon as we arrived, a guide gave us an introduction to the exhibition.as soon as引导时间状语从句；While listening, we made some notes carefully.现在分词做时间状语；we had a discussion at school about how to present what we had seen.what引导宾语从句；we delivered speeches in turn, sharing the most impressive parts of the exhibition and expressing the confidence in the future of our country.现在分词做伴随状态；, which will encourage us forever. which引导非限制性定语从句。