北京首都师范大学附属中学2021届高三下学期三模英语试题

这是一份北京首都师范大学附属中学2021届高三下学期三模英语试题，共16页。试卷主要包含了完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，阅读理解，七选五等内容，欢迎下载使用。

北京首都师范大学附属中学2021届高三下学期三模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、完形填空
I learned how to accept life as it is from my father. ____1____ , he did not teach me acceptance when he was strong and healthy, but rather when he was weak and ill.
My father was ____2____ a strong man who loved being active, but a terrible illness took all that away. Now he can no longer walk, and he must sit quietly in a chair all day. Even talking is difficult. One night, I went to visit him with my sisters. We started talking about life, and I told them about one of my ____3____. I said that we must very often give things up as we grow — our youth, our beauty, our friends — but it always____4____ that after we give something up, we gain something new in its place. Then suddenly my father ____5____ up. He said, “But, Peter, I gave up ____6____! What did I gain?” I thought and thought, but I couldn’t think of anything to say. Surprisingly, he answered his own question: “I ____7____ the love of my family,” I looked at my sisters and saw tears in their eyes, along with hope and thankfulness.
I was also touched by his words. After that, when I began to feel irritated (愤怒的) at someone, I would remember his words and become ____8____. If he could replace his great pain with a feeling of love for others, then I should be able to give up my small irritations. In this way, I learned the power of acceptance from my father.
Sometimes I ____9____ what other things I could have learned from him if I had listened more carefully when I was a boy. For now, though, I am grateful for this one ____10____.
1．A．Afterwards B．Therefore C．However D．Meanwhile
2．A．already B．still C．only D．once
3．A．decisions B．experiences C．ambitions D．beliefs
4．A．suggests B．promises C．seems D．requires
5．A．spoke B．turned C．summed D．opened
6．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything
7．A．had B．accepted C．gained D．enjoyed
8．A．quiet B．calm C．relaxed D．happy
9．A．doubt B．wonder C．know D．guess
10．A．award B．gift C．lesson D．word

二、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
I can well remember the first time I was asked to deliver a speech before the whole class. You can imagine how shy I was with so many eyes ____11____ (fix) on me. Drafting the speech was a piece of cake for me, but the difficult part lay in oral____12____ (present). The real moment began when I stood on the stage with my legs trembling and my mind blank. But my listeners were waiting patiently without rushing me. Gradually I found myself back, ____13____ (deliver) the speech with difficulty. After____14____ seemed to be a hundred years, I found my audience applauding — I made it!
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Halfway through his lecture, Eric gave each person a balloon and asked everyone to write their name on it. Later all the balloons were collected. He then asked them to find the balloons that they had their names written ____15____ within five minutes. Everyone was pushing and bumping into each other. It was chaos. At the end of the five minutes, no one could find their own balloon. Now they were asked to randomly collect a balloon and give it to the person ____16____ name was on it. Within two minutes everyone got his own balloon. Psychologists argue our happiness sometimes ____17____ (lie) in the happiness of others. You will get your own by giving them theirs.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Pixar is one of the world’s ____18____ (famous) and successful film studios. ____19____ (it) latest animated film, Soul, was released last November. Soul tells the story of Joe Gardner, an aspiring jazz musician living in New York. One day, after an accident, Gardner ends up in the Great Before—a place where souls must “find their spark” before entering a human body. When Gardner ____20____ (give) the job of mentoring a soul called 22, he tries to find his way back to Earth.

三、阅读理解
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium (水族馆)
The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, situated in the heart of Melbourne’s CBD, is one of Victoria’s leading visitor attractions and an unforgettable outing for the whole family. Having 12 amazing zones of discovery, Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is the very place that you cannot miss when you visit the city.
* Opening Times
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is open from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm every day of the year, including public holidays. Last admission is at 5:00 pm, one hour before closing.
* Location (位置)
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is located on the corner of Flinders Street and King Street, Melbourne. It is situated on the Yarra River, opposite Crown Entertainment Complex.
* Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium
Train
The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium train stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route (公交线路) and also routes 70 and 75. City Circle trams run every 10 minutes in both directions.
Shuttle Bus
The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a free bus service, stopping at key tourist attractions in and around the City. Running daily, every 15 minutes from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm.
Car Parking
While there is no public car parking at Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, there are several public car parking lots available only a short walk away.
* Wheelchair Access
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones. Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets.
* Terms
Tickets will be emailed to you immediately after purchase or you can download and print your ticket once payment has been accepted. Please print out all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium. No ticket, no entry!
21．Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium _________.
A．is located at the center of the CBD in the city
B．has 12 most attractive places in Melbourne
C．admits visitors from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm
D．is beside Crown Entertainment Complex
22．Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, visitors can take ________.
A．trains from Southern Cross train station
B．shuttle buses around the train station
C．boats across the Yarra River
D．either tram route 70 or 75
23．Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium offers visitors ________.
A．free car parking B．wheelchair access
C．Internet connection D．transportation service

She turned up at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall. No way could I have sent her away. No way, not me anyway. Maybe someone had kicked her out of their car the night before. “We're moving house.” “No space for her any more with the baby coming.” “We never really wanted her, but what could we have done? She was a present.” People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. And she was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen.
I called her Goldie. If I had known what was going to happen, I would have given her a more creative name. She was so unsettled during those first few days. She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her. There was nothing I could do to make her happy, it seemed. Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owner’s. But eventually at the end of the first week she calmed down. Always by my side, whether we were out on one of our long walks or sitting by the fire.
That’s why it was such a shock when she pulled away from me one day when we were out for a walk. We were a long way from home, when she started barking and getting very restless. Eventually I couldn’t hold her any longer and she raced off down the road towards a farmhouse in the distance as fast as she could.
By the time I reached the farm I was very tired and upset with Goldie. But when I saw her licking （舔) the four puppies I started to feel sympathy towards them. “We didn't know what had happened to her,” said the woman at the door. “I took her for a walk one day, soon after the puppies were born, and she just disappeared.” “She must have tried to come back to them and got lost,” added a boy from behind her.
I must admit I do miss Goldie, but I’ve got Nugget now, and she looks just like her mother. And I’ve learnt a good lesson: not to judge people.
24．How did the author feel about Goldie when Goldie came to the house?
A．Shocked. B．Sympathetic. C．Annoyed. D．Upset.
25．In her first few days at the author's house, Goldie________.
A．felt worried B．was angry
C．ate a little D．sat by the fire
26．Goldie rushed off to a farmhouse one day because she________.
A．saw her puppies B．heard familiar barkings
C．wanted to leave the author D．found her way to her old home

Life in the Clear
Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window. These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300 feet---as far as most light can reach. Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch. Sonke Johnsen, a scientist in biology, says, “These animals live through their life alone. They never touch anything unless they’re eating it, or unless something is eating them.”
And they are as clear as glass. How does an animal become see-through? It s trickier than you might think.
The objects around you are visible because they interact with light. Light typically travels in a straight line. But some materials slow and scatter (散射) light, bouncing it away from its original path. Others absorb light, stopping it dead in its tracks. Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it, so you can see it easily.
But a transparent object doesn’t absorb or scatter light, at least not very much. Light can pass through it without bending or stopping. That means a transparent object doesn’t look very different from the surrounding air or water. You don’t see it you see the things behind it.
To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light. Living materials can stop light because they contain pigments (色素) that absorb specific colors of light. But a transparent animal doesn’t have pigments, so its tissues won’t absorb light. According to Johnsen, avoiding absorption is actually easy. The real challenge is preventing light from scattering.
Animals are built of many different materials---skin, fat, and more---and light moves through each at a different speed. Every time light moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters. Transparent animals use different tricks to fight scattering. Some animals are simply very small or extremely flat. Without much tissue to scatter light, it is easier to be see-through. Others build a large, clear mass of non-living jelly-like (果冻状的) material and spread themselves over it.
Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does. They need to look uniform. But how they’re doing it is still unknown. One thing is clear: for these larger animals, staying transparent is an active process. When they die, they turn a non-transparent milky white.
27．According to Paragraph 1,transparent animals .
A．stay in groups B．can be easily damaged
C．appear only in deep ocean D．are beautiful creatures
28．The underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 3 means .
A．silently B．gradually
C．regularly D．completely
29．One way for an animal to become transparent is to .
A．change the direction of light travel B．gather materials to scatter light
C．avoid the absorption of light D．grow bigger to stop light
30．The last paragraph tells us that larger transparent animals .
A．move more slowly in deep water
B．stay see-through even after death
C．produce more tissues for their survival
D．take effective action to reduce light spreading

Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life, mostly for the better. However, social changes are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.
An example at hand is the involvement of parents in the lives of their children who are attending college. Surveys (调查) on this topic suggests that parents today continue to be “very” or “somewhat” overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories. The same surveys also indicate that the rate of parental involvement is greater today than it was a generation ago. This is usually interpreted as a sign that today’s parents are trying to manage their children’s lives past the point where this behavior is appropriate.
However, greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their “adult” children.
In the context (背景) of this discussion, it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents’ involvement with their grown children. If parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their college-age children frequently, would this have been possible? Probably not. On the other hand, does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do so wasn’t present a generation ago? Many studies show that older parents — today’s grandparents — would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier.
Furthermore, studies show that finances are the most frequent subject of communication between parents and their college children. The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new; nor are requests for more money to be sent from home. This phenomenon is neither good nor bad; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past.
Thanks to the advanced technology, we live in an age of bettered communication. This has many implications well beyondthe role that parents seem to play in the lives of their children who have left for college. But it is useful to bear in mind that all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to keep their children under their wings.
31．The surveys inform us of ______.
A．the development of technology
B．the changes of adult children’s behavior
C．the parents’ over-protection of their college children
D．the means and expenses of students’ communication
32．The writer believes that ______.
A．parents today are more protective than those in the past
B．the disadvantages of new technology outweigh its advantages
C．technology explains greater parental involvement with their children
D．parents’ changed attitudes lead to college children’s delayed independence
33．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Technology or Attitude
B．Dependence or Independence
C．Family Influence or Social Changes
D．College Management or Communication Advancement
34．Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?
I:Introduction
P:Point
Sp:Sub-point
C:Conclusion
A． B． C． D．

四、七选五
This Way to Dreamland Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy. ___35___They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. ___36___Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions? So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool? First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. ___37___And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings. It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep. ___38___Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. ___39___Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.
A．Having interesting things to think about also helps．
B．They stare off into space and wander by themselves．
C．Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relativity , Coke or Post-it notes．
D．At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses．
E．It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive．
F．Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand．
G．Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone．

参考答案：
1．C
2．D
3．D
4．C
5．A
6．D
7．C
8．B
9．B
10．B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者从父亲身上学到了接受现实的人生理念。作者的父亲得了重病，身体虚弱，不能走，说话都困难。父亲认为他虽失去了一切，但他得到了家人的爱。从此每当作者生气时，一想到父亲的话，就镇定下来了。他觉得父亲能用自己的剧痛来替换其他人的爱，那他就能放弃这微小的恼怒。
1．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他没有在他强壮和健康的时候教我接受，而是在他虚弱和生病的时候。A. Afterwards后来；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. Meanwhile同时。根据前后文语境，作者从父亲那里学会了如何接受生活，与后文“他没有在他强壮和健康的时候教我接受，而是在他虚弱和生病的时候”构成转折关系，应用however。故选C。
2．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的父亲曾经是一个强壮的人，他喜欢活动，但一场可怕的疾病夺走了这一切。A. already已经；B. still仍然；C. only仅仅；D. once曾经，一旦。根据后文“but a terrible illness took all that away”可知父亲在疾病夺走了健康之前，曾经是一个强壮的人。故选D。
3．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们开始谈论生活，我告诉他们我的一个信念。A. decisions决定；B. experiences经历；C. ambitions野心；D. beliefs信念。由下文语境“we must very often give things up as we grow — our youth, our beauty, our friends…”可知，下文的内容表达了作者的信念。故选D。
4．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我说过，在成长的过程中我们必须经常放弃一些东西——我们的青春、我们的美丽、我们的朋友——但似乎总是在我们放弃一些东西之后，我们就会在原来的地方获得一些新的东西。A. suggests建议；B. promises承诺；C. seems似乎；D. requires要求。根据后文“that after we give something up, we gain something new in its place”可知，作者认为似乎我们丢弃一些东西后，一些新的东西代替了原来的东西。故选C。
5．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，父亲开口了。A. spoke说；B. turned转弯；C. summed总结；D. opened打开。由下文的“He said”可知，父亲开口了。故选A。
6．
考查不定代词辨析。句意：但是，彼得，我放弃了一切！A. something某事；B. anything任何事；C. nothing没有什么；D. everything一切。由上文语境可知，疾病带走了父亲的一切，所以父亲认为他放弃了一切。故选D。
7．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他回答了自己的问题：“我得到了家人的爱”。A. had有；B. accepted接受；C. gained获得；D. enjoyed欣赏。根据后文“the love of my family”可知，由于父亲得病，受到了家庭的照顾，所以他说得到了家庭的爱。故选C。
8．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，当我开始对某人感到生气时，我会记住他的话，变得冷静。 A. quiet安静的；B. calm冷静的；C. relaxed放松的；D. happy快乐的。由全文语境可知，疾病夺走了作者父亲的一切，但作者父亲仍然感受其他人的爱，所以当作者想起父亲的话时就变得冷静下来。故选B。
9．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时我在想，如果我小时候更仔细地听，我还能从他那里学到什么别的东西。A. doubt怀疑；B. wonder想知道；C. know知道；D. guess猜测。根据后文“what other things I could have learned from him if I had listened more carefully when I was a boy”可知，作者想知道自己还能从父亲那里学到什么。故选B。
10．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不过现在，我很感激这份礼物。A. award奖励；B. gift礼物；C. lesson课程；D. word单词。这篇短文讲述了作者的父亲因为生病而失去了活动甚至于说话的能力，但是他仍然认为自己获得了家庭的爱，表现了对生活的正确态度，所以作者把父亲所说的“I gained the love of my family”作为父亲送给自己的礼物。故选B。
11．fixed
12．presentation
13．delivering
14．what
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在全班同学面前演讲的一次经历。
【详解】
1.句意：你可以想象当那么多双眼睛盯着我的时候我是多么的害羞。分析句子可知，句子中含有with复合结构，构成“with+宾语+分词”结构，eyes和fix为逻辑上的被动关系，用fix的过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填fixed。
2.句意：起草演讲稿对我来说是小菜一碟，但困难的部分在于口头表达。分析句子可知，空处缺少名词，与oral一起构成短语作in的宾语。present“陈述”，名词形式为presentation。故填presentation。
3.句意：渐渐地，我发现自己恢复了常态，困难地进行演讲。分析句子结构可知，空处作句子的状语，且逻辑主语I与deliver为主动关系，此处用动词的现在分词delivering作句子的伴随状语。故填delivering。
4.句意：在好像过了一百年之后，我发现观众在为我鼓掌——我成功了！分析句子结构可知，after“在……之后”为时间介词，后面缺少介词的宾语；seems为谓语动词，因此，此句为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语成分，用what引导宾语从句。故填what。
15．on
16．whose
17．lies
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Eric进行一个实验过程以及最终得出的结论是：我们的幸福有时在于别人的幸福。 你会通过给予别人幸福，来获得你自己的幸福。
15．
考查介词。句意：然后，他要求他们在五分钟内找到写有自己名字的气球。呼应上文“asked everyone to write their name on it”指在气球表面写下自己的名字，应用介词on。故填on。
16．
考查定语从句。句意：现在他们被要求随机收集一个气球，并把它给上面有名字的人。此处为定语从句修饰先行词person，先行词在从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
17．
考查时态。句意：心理学家认为，我们的幸福有时在于别人的幸福。根据上文“”可知为一般现在时，主语为happiness，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填lies。
18．most famous
19．Its
20．is given
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了皮克斯是世界上最著名和最成功的电影制片厂之一以及它的最新动画电影《心灵奇旅》的故事情节。
18．
考查形容词最高级。句意：皮克斯是世界上最著名和最成功的电影制片厂之一。此处为“one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数形式”，表示“最……之一”，famous最高级前面添加most。故填most famous。
19．
考查代词。句意：它的最新动画电影《心灵奇旅》于去年11月上映。修饰后文名词film应用形容词性物主代词its，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Its。
20．
考查动词时态语态。句意：当Gardner得到指导一个名叫22的灵魂的工作时，他试图找到返回地球的路。根据后文“he tries”可知应用一般现在时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为Gardner，谓语用单数。故填is given。
21．A
22．D
23．B
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于广告类阅读，介绍了墨尔本CBD中心的墨尔本海洋生物水族馆的具体信息，如地理位置，开放时间，交通路线等。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第一句The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, situated in the heart of Melbourne’s CBD, is one of Victoria’s leading visitor attractions可知，这个水族馆位于CBD的中心地带，是维多利亚受欢迎的景点，所以它位于城市CBD中心位置。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据Train部分The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium train stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route (公交线路) and also routes 70 and 75.可知，这个水族馆车站位于70和75路的线路上，也就是说乘坐这两路车可以到墨尔本海洋生物水族馆。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据Wheelchair Access部分Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones. Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets.可知，海洋生物水族馆提供给人们轮椅可以通向12各区域，每层也有轮椅可进入的洗手间，所以这个水族馆有残疾人轮椅进入的通道。故选B。

24．B
25．A
26．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文为一篇记叙文。一只狗妈妈刚生完小狗后不小心走失了，作者误认为她是被人遗弃的狗便好心收养。有一天外出散步时，狗妈妈找到了回到原来的家的路，匆忙跑回了家，于是，作者才知道狗妈妈是自己走丢的。因此，作者明白了一个道理：不要评判别人。
【详解】
1.推理判断题。根据文章第二段关键句“She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her. There was nothing I could do to make her happy, it seemed. Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owner’s.”（她几乎什么也没吃，一副愁眉苦脸的样子。看来我做什么也不能让她高兴。天知道她在前任主人那里发生了什么事。）可知，当Goldie起初来到家中时，作者认为她的前主人对她不好，对她表示很同情。故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“ She was so unsettled during those first few days. She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her. ”（在最初的几天里，她心神不定。她几乎什么也没吃，一副愁眉苦脸的样子。）可知，在作者家中的前几天，Goldie觉得很担心、焦虑，此处“worried”与“unsettled”意思相近。故选A项。
3.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段关键句“"I took her for a walk one day, soon after the puppies were born, and she just disappeared." "She must have tried to come back to them and got lost," added a boy from behind her.”（“小狗出生后不久，有一天我带她出去散步，她就失踪了。”她身后的一个男孩补充说：“她一定是想回到它们身边去，结果迷路了。”）可知，Goldie有一天 冲向一个农场是因为她找到回到她原来的家的路了。故选D项。
27．B
28．D
29．C
30．D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章解释了生活在海洋的透明生物的特点，透明原理，以及形成机制。
27．细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三行“Mostof them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch”可知，透明动物是很容易受伤的。故选B。
28．词义猜测题。该词出现在文章第三段第三行。前文提到了：你能看到的物体一种是对光线进行了散射；而另外一种是对光线的吸收。既然吸收了，那在光的传播过程中就完全阻止了，因此这里dead是完全的意思。故选D。
29． 推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light.”可知，想变透明就要避免散射或吸收光线，因此其中的一个方法是C选项，避免光线的吸收。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句中的“Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does. ”可知，体型较大的透明动物面临的挑战最大，因为它们必须让体内所有不同的组织减缓光线的速度，就像减缓水的速度一样。由此判断出，他在最后一段告诉我们，更大的透明动物会采取有效的行动来减少光的扩散。故选D。
31．C
32．C
33．A
34．B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文。文章以父母对于上大学的成年子女过度保护的问题为例，提出了科技带来的一些改变容易被误认为态度的改变的论点。
31．
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句话“Surveys (调查) on this topic suggests that parents today continue to be “very” or “somewhat” overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories.(关于这个话题的调查显示，即使在孩子搬进大学宿舍后，今天的父母仍然“非常”或“有点”过度保护孩子)”可知，调查显示现在的父母在孩子上大学之后仍然非常或者某种程度上地过度保护子女。故选C。
32．
推理判断题。根据第三段“However, greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their “adult” children.(然而，更多的父母参与并不一定意味着父母不放过他们的“成年”孩子)”及第四段最后一句“Many studies show that older parents — today’s grandparents — would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier.(许多研究表明，如果不是因为打电话的方式和费用成为障碍，年纪较大的父母——现在的祖父母——会更频繁地打电话给他们的孩子)”和最后一段“Thanks to the advanced technology, we live in an age of bettered communication.(由于先进的技术，我们生活在一个更好的交流的时代)”可知，作者认为出现父母与孩子更多的接触的真正原因是科技的发展使得交流手段更丰富，成本更低廉。故选C。
33．
主旨大意题。第一段第二句“However, social changes are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.(然而，新技术带来的社会变化往往被误认为是态度的变化)”提出了这种科技的改变容易被误认为态度的改变。第2-5段讨论到底是科技还是态度的改变。第6段再次明确表示是科技的改变。由此可知，Technology or Attitude(科技还是态度)适合做本文最佳标题。故选A。
34．
推理判断题。文章第一段是introduction，第二段是第一个论点，指出父母在子女生活中参与度提高的现象。第三段是第二个论点（关键词However），指出通过调查并不能推断出父母未能对子女放手，分论点一是科技的进步导致父母对子女生活更多的参与，分论点二(关键词Furthermore)是子女经济不独立导致父母对子女生活的过多参与。最后一段总结。故选B。
35．B
36．C
37．E
38．A
39．G
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于说明文，介绍了每个人都会做的白日梦，白日梦有不好的方面，但也有很多好的地方。文章中给出了三条很好的利用其积极面的建议。
35．考查逻辑关系。根据第一段主要说的是大众印象中的白日做梦有哪些弊端，选项在文章前后句中起到段内逻辑连接的作用。B项：They stare off into space and wander by themselves．他们凝视着天空，独自漫步，符合语境，故选B。
36．考查逻辑例证。本段话锋一转说到了白日做梦其实有着很多的好处．选项前后依然是顺承关系。C项：Without wandering minds，we wouldn't have relatively，Coke or Post-it notes．没有恍惚的思绪，我们将不会有相对论、可乐或者便条．符合文意．故选C。
37．考查逻辑关系。根据上句Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams．可知感觉安全和放松会帮助你进入白日梦。本选项中的it指代前句的动名词短语feeling safe and relaxed，解题线索明显，故选E。
38．考查逻辑关系。本段主要讲如何避免不合时宜的白日做梦，A项：Having interesting things to think about also helps．思考感兴趣的事情也是有帮助的，符合文意。且选项中有also为提示词，故选A。
39．考查逻辑关系。根据上句Finally，you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away．可知你永远不会知道好的想法会什么时候出现，然而可能会慢慢忘记。G项：Therefore，it's a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you're in the daydream zone．因此，你应该带一个本子随时记，本选项中的逻辑词Therefore可为做题线索之一，故选G。