2020届江苏省南京市高三三模英语（文字版、含答案）练习题

这是一份2020届江苏省南京市高三三模英语（文字版、含答案）练习题，文件包含2020届江苏省南京市高三三模英语答案doc、2020届江苏省南京市高三三模英语试卷doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共45页， 欢迎下载使用。


南京市2020届高三年级第三次模拟考试
英语试题
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：答题前，考生务必将自己的学校、姓名、考试号写在答题纸上。考试结束后，将答题纸交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A.A teacher and her student. B.A student and her classmate. C.A teacher and her colleague.
2.What are they going to do?
A.Design a poster. B.Visit a website. C.Buy a beautiful dress.
3.Why are the woman's eyes red?
A.She feels a little sad. B.She has eye disease. C.Sand gets into her eyes.
4.How did the man learn about his new job?
A.From the TV. B.From the paper. C.From a friend.
5.Who is White?
A.The male speaker. B.Mrs.David's son. C.The woman's husband.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What does the woman ask the man to do?
A.Inform her about his being late.
B.Remember to keep a timetable.
C.Help her make some new rules.
7.How does the woman sound?
A.Angry. B.Proud. C.Confident.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.What is the weather like today?
A.Nice and sunny. B.Warm and wet. C.Cool and rainy.
9.What season is it now?
A.Spring. B.Summer. C.Autumn.
10.What will they do this afternoon?
A.Visit the farm. B.Listen to the radio. C.Buy an umbrella.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11.What happened to the woman?
A.She loosened a large button.
B.She lost her shoulder bag.
C.She broke her table tennis bat.
12. Where does the conversation take place?
A.In a rest room. B.In a bag shop. C.In a lost-and-found.
13.What should the woman leave?
A.Her cell phone. B.Her phone number. C.Her address book.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14.What does the man want to do about the house?
A.Keep a cat in the house. B.Change the color of the walls. C.Change the color of the lights.
15When could the man cook?
A.After 7 in the morning. B.From 2 to 3 in the afternoon. C.Before 7 in the evening.
16.Which is allowed according to the woman?
AHolding small parties. B.Smoking in the bedroom. C.Sticking pictures on the wall
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.What meals did most chefs like best according to the survey?
A.Childhood favorites.
B.Meals on vacation.
C.Meals in a fine restaurant.
18.How many chefs regard simple meals prepared at home as the best?
A.10%. B.15%. C.20%.
19.What was the surprising finding of the survey?
A.Home-made meals were not very popular.
B.Some best cooks liked fast food the most.
C.The chefs don't really like the food they cook.
20.Where does the talk probably take place?
A.In a TV studio. B.In a restaurant. C.At a scenic spot.
第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答上将该项涂黑。
1.The naughty boy was so curious that he________his neck to see what was going on.
A. fastened B. stretched C. exposed D. strengthened
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个淘气的男孩是如此好奇，以至于他伸长脖子，看正在发生什么。A. fastened 系紧；B. stretched拉伸，伸展；C. exposed暴露于；D. strengthened增强，加强。根据to see what was going on，判断出是“伸长脖子”。故选B项。
2.The regulations_____________anyone in our school with nobody an exception.
A. go for B. call for C. turn to D. belong to
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们学校的规章制度对任何人都适用，没有人例外。A. go for适用于；B. call for要求，需要；C. turn to转向，向某人求助；D. belong to属于。根据句意，应是“规则适用于任何人。”故选A项。
3.Many migrating birds wing their way over and through the city,_____some surprising natural scenery.
A. created B. creating C. having created D. to create
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多候鸟在城市上空飞翔，创造出令人惊叹的自然风景。分析句子结构可知create在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且与逻辑主语Many migrating birds构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故选B。
4.Optimism is the essential ingredient of top performers,__________we assume separates the high achievers from the rest.
A. as B. who C. which D. that
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：乐观是优秀表现者的基本要素，我们认为这是成功人士与其他人的区别。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the essential ingredient，且先行词在从句中作主语，指代the essential ingredient应用关系代词which，we assume为插入语。A选项中as引导非限制性定语从句时，有“正如”之意；B选项who在从句中指代人，不符合；D选项that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选C。
5.— The designers are over the moon.What's up?
— They've reached an agreement on_________the bonuses are to be divided later.
A. why B. how C. where D. when
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：——这些设计者们兴高采烈的。怎么了？——他们刚刚就奖金怎么分配达成了一致。分析句子可知，空白处与其后句子一起作介词on的宾语，属于宾语从句，空白处需要引导词，其中句子成分完整，结合句意考虑用连接副词how作方式状语，表示“如何”。故选B项。
【点睛】宾语从句连接词的判断是一个重要考点，一般分为三种类型：1.由that引导，that在句中无实意，只起连接作用，其后接一般的陈述句；2.由whether，if引导，在句中表示“是否”，其后句子可以还原成一般疑问句；3.由wh-系列的连接副词和连接代词引导，这些词在句中都要担任一定的成分，连接代词担任主、宾、表等成分，连接副词则担任状语。在具体题目中进行选择时，首先判断宾语从句中是否缺少成分，该小题中就可以看到不缺主、宾、表等成分，结合选项是缺少状语，这时就可以结合句意进行排除选择，从而得出正确答案。
6.We have to get the economy under control or it will____________eat us up.
A. literally B. normally C. primitively D. originally
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们必须设法控制经济，不然它非把我们完全吞噬了不可。A. literally完全地；B.normally 正常地；C. primitively最初地；D. originally原始地。分析句子可知，此处表示强调，意为“完全地”。故选A。
7.____________the physical responses are a sense of comfort and a rush of relaxation.
A. Accompanied B. Being accompanied C. Accompanying D. To accompany
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：伴随身体反应是一种舒适和放松的感觉。分析句子结构可知，accompany在句中应用非谓语动词形式，a sense of comfort and a rush of relaxation与accompany构成主动关系，且为倒装，正常语序为“A sense of comfort and a rush of relaxation are accompanying the physical responses.”。故选C。
8.— You really did a good job,Robert!
— I was just doing my job and anyone in my position___________the same like me.
A. might do B. could do C. should have done D. would have done
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：罗伯特，你真棒！--我只是做了我该做的事情，任何一个跟我站在同一角度的人都会这么做的。分析句子可知，此处表示对过去的虚拟，故应用would have done。故选D。
9.It's a(n)_________choice between taking the job and staying out of work.Better not waste more time on it!
A. straight B. flexible C. intelligent D. important
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：干不干这份工作是一个直接的选择，最好不要再这上浪费时间了！A. straight直接的；B. flexible灵活的；C. intelligent聪明的；D. important重要的。根据“Better not waste more time on it!”可知此处表示“直接的”，故A项正确。
10.—I can't remember his name clearly.Is it Brain Johnson?
－Yes,____________.
A. you name it B. that's the point C. that's it D. you deserve it
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我记不清他的名字了。是叫Brain Johnson吗？——是的，那就是他的名字。A. you name it你说了算；B. that's the point那才是重点；C. that's it没错，就是这样；D. you deserve it你应得的。分析句子可知，答语表示的是对另一个说话者的肯定，要用that’s it表示“就是这样”。故选C项。
11.The company is running out of its fund__________and may soon be unable to pay its bills.
A. reserves B. sources C. incomes D. collections
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该公司的资金储备已经用完，可能很快就无法支付账单。A. reserves储备；B. sources来源；C. incomes收入；D. collections收集。由下一句may soon be unable to pay its bills可知，是资金储备用完了，可能才无法支付账单。故选A项。
12.— Were all the articles of clothing for the models carried to the fashion show?
— No,_______only some of them.
A. it is B. it was C. they are D. they were
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句型。句意：——模特们的衣服都带到时装秀上了吗？——不，只是其中一些。此空是对上一句的回答，上一句用一般过去时，本空也用一般过去时，本句是强调句型，原句为it was only some of them that were carried to the fashion show，此处省略了that were carried to the fashion show，所以用it was。故选B项。
13.— Can you tell me how to keep my appetite_____________?
— Dividing one heavy meal into two smaller ones is helpful.
A. at ease B. at peace C. in check D. in secret
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：——你能告诉我怎样才能控制食欲吗？——把一顿大餐分成两顿小餐是有帮助的。A. at ease安逸；B. at peace处于和平状态；C. in check受控制的；D. in secret秘密地。结合后文的回答是在建议控制食欲的方法，故提问的是“你能告诉我怎样才能控制食欲吗？”。故选C。
14.— Do you like your new place?
— Yes,I do.But it's a little far from my college,and the traffic____________me.
A. killed B. has killed C. had killed D. is killing
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：——你喜欢你的新地方吗？——是的，但是它离我的大学有点远，交通堵塞得我要命。分析句意可知，表示现在正在发生的事情，用现在进行时。结合选项，故选D。
15.Unfortunately,____________we should expect gratitude,we often find the opposite.
A. what B. that C. how D. where
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查地点状语从句。句意：不幸的是，在我们应该期待感激的地方，我们经常发现的是相反的东西。设空所在句子“____________we should expect gratitude”描述的是主句“we often find the opposite”发生的地点，所以是地点状语从句；地点状语从句的引导词为where。故选D项。
【点睛】地点状语从句容易和定语从句混淆，要区别好两种从句一定要结合定义去理解。Where引导的定语从句前面有表示地点的先行词，而where引导的地点状语从句前面并没有表示地点的先行词。如A tall building was put up at the place where there used to be a desert.这个句子就是定语从句，因为有先行词place在从句中充当地点状语；A tall building was put up where there used to be a desert.这个句子则是地点状语从句，句子中不存在先行词。
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A.B、C.D四个选项中，选出最佳并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
I come from a broken family that many would consider dysfunctional(失衡）at the very least: marriage, divorce,etc.After we grew up，my three siblings and I could go years___16___speaking. And that is where this story ___17___
My sister Jeanne and I were born only 14 months___18___.but by the time we were teenagers We had lost ___19___. By age 19,I had moved away from our home in Wisconsin to live on my father's horse farm in Virginia.We lived separate and our connection somehow ended.
Fast-forward about five years,I was 24 and on ___20___ with my fiance(未婚天）to New York City,a place I had never been to.
During a day of sightseeing,we were crossing a very ___21___ street loaded with people.I had laughed at something my fiance said,and I ___22___ heard my name yelled from somewhere around me:"Cheryl! "I ___23___ in my steps in the middle of the road.Tears___24___ in my eyes.I knew without a ______25______that it was my sister Jeanne.I yelled back before even turning to look."Jeanne? It was her.
I later asked how she'd known it was me---she ______26______ saw me!She said it was my ______27______I wouldn't say my laugh is all that ______28______,but I guess to a family member it's infectious.It ______29______your heart and resonates(共鸣）in your mind.
Since that time,my sister and I have never been______30______.We both moved back to Wisconsin. We______31______daily.Many years have passed,and we are now in our 50s.But our meeting ______32______wasn't just a sign.I see it as more of a ______33______ , a reminder not to lose touch with loved ones.It is too easy to remain ______34______.After our sister-to-sister ______35______,I don't plan to let that happen again.
16. A. by B. after C. without D. beyond
17. A. ends B. begins C. twists D. spreads
18. A. ago B. away C. ahead D. apart
19. A. heart B. home C. touch D. interest
20. A. team B. trip C. date D. picnic
21. A. busy B. dark C. empty D. quiet
22. A. readily B. finally C. suddenly D. naturally
23. A. fell B. froze C. struggled D. hesitated
24. A. came about B. welled up C. ran away D. streamed back
25. A. word B. break C. care D. doubt
26. A. never B. often C. seldom D. already
27. A. shape B. clothing C. look D. laugh
28. A. clear B. pleasant C. bright D. unusual
29. A. hits B. lifts C. breaks D. cures
30. A. separated B. bothered C. suspected D. united
31. A. work B. travel C. play D. talk
32. A. by mistake B. by chance C. on schedule D. on purpose
33. A. change B. result C. lesson D. coincidence
34. A. lost B. touched C. broken D. loved
35. A. circle B. theory C. miracle D. move
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和姐姐因为家庭原因住在不同的地方，失去了联系。五年后在繁忙的纽约街道，姐姐在人群中一眼就认出了作者，两姐妹欣喜重逢之后一直住在一起。故事反映了家人之间的血脉亲情是不可磨灭的。
【16题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：在我们长大之后，我跟我的三个兄弟姐妹失去了联系好几年。A. by在……旁边；B. after在……之后；C. without没有；D. beyond超出。根据前文的“I come from a broken family that many would consider dysfunctional(失衡）at the very least: marriage, divorce, etc.”可知，作者的家庭支离破碎，父母离异导致兄弟姐妹分离，所以好几年都没有联系，也就是没有交流。故选C项。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那就是故事开始的地方。A. ends结束；B. begins开始；C. twists扭，搓；D. spreads传播，扩散。根据下文内容可知，作者要讲述的是与姐姐阔别重逢的故事，这个故事开始于她们分离之后。故选B项。
【18题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的姐姐Jeanne和我出生时间只相差14个月。A. ago之前；B. away远离；C. ahead领先；D. apart相隔，相距。根据“born”及“14 months”可知作者要表示的是两姐妹年龄相差14个月， 所以apart符合句意。故选D项。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是到我们变成少年的时候，我们失去了联系，A. heart心脏；B. home家; C. touch联系；D. interest兴趣。根据后文的“By age 19,I had moved away from our home in Wisconsin to live on my father's horse farm in Virginia. We lived separate and our connection somehow ended.”可知，作者在19岁的时候搬去了Wisconsin跟父亲一起生活，和姐姐分开了，联系也中断了。故选C项。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快大约五年过去了，我24岁了，和我的未婚夫去了我从没去过的纽约旅行。A. team团队；B. trip旅行；C. date约会；D. picnic野餐。根据后文的“During a day of sightseeing”可知，作者和未婚夫是去纽约观光，也就是去旅行了。故选B项。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在某天的观光中，我们正穿过一条非常繁忙的挤满了人的街道。A. busy繁忙的；B. dark黑暗的； C. empty空的；D. quiet安静的。根据句中的“loaded with people”可知，街道上人来人往，可推断是一条繁忙的街道。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我在笑话我未婚夫说的一些事情，突然我听到我的名字从我周围的某个地方被大声喊出来。A. readily欣然地；B. finally最终；C. suddenly突然；D. naturally自然地。根据前文的“I had laughed at something my fiancé said”可知，作者当时因为未婚夫说的一些话而发笑，所以听到自己名字被喊是一件很突然的事。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在路中间顿住了我的步伐。A. fell掉落；B. froze冻住；C. struggled挣扎；D. hesitated犹豫。根据后文的“Tears___9___ in my eyes. I knew without a ___10___that it was my sister Jeanne. I yelled back before even turning to look. ‘Jeanne? It was her.’”可知，当时作者眼眶湿润，甚至都没有回头就喊出了Jeanne的名字，可见作者的激动和开心，所以听到名字的瞬间就顿住了脚步；此处的froze原意为冻住，此处延伸为“顿住，停止不动”的意思。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：眼泪从我的眼眶里面涌出。A. came about产生；B. welled up涌出，流出；C. ran away逃跑；D. streamed back 回流。根据后文的“I yelled back before even turning to look.”可知，作者在听到自己名字的瞬间就确定是自己的姐姐并且迫不及待喊出了姐姐的名字，可推断作者当时的激动之情，所以眼泪涌出来能形象地体现作者的激动之情。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我毫无疑问，那是我的姐姐Jeanne。A. word单词，一句话；B. break 破裂；C. care关心；D. doubt 疑问。 根据后文“I yelled back before even turning to look.”可知，作者很确定喊自己名字的是自己的姐姐，所以没有回头确认就喊出了姐姐的名字。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我后来问她是怎么知道那个人是我的---她都没见过我！A. never从不；B. often经常；C. seldom很少；D. already已经。根据前文的“We lived separate and our connection somehow ended.”可知，作者和姐姐分离之后，联系也断了，可推断在这期间，姐妹两人并从未见过彼此。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说是因为我的笑声。A. shape形状，身形；B. clothing着装；C. look外貌；D. laugh笑声。根据后文的“I wouldn't say my laugh is all…”可知，作者姐姐是根据作者的笑声认出作者的。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不觉得我笑声与众不同。A. clear清楚的；B. pleasant令人愉悦的；C. bright明亮的；D. unusual与众不同的。 根据前文“She said it was my ___12___”可知，姐姐认出作者是因为作者的笑声，所以在姐姐的眼中作者的笑声是与众不同的。故选D项。
29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这会击中你的心，在你的心里引发共鸣。A. hits击中；B. lifts抬高；C. breaks打破；D. cures治愈。根据前文的“I guess to a family member it's infectious”可知，作者认为家人之间是有心灵感应的，这种感应直击心底，引起共鸣。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那次之后，我姐姐和我从来没有分开过。A. separated分开；B. bothered干扰；C. suspected怀疑；D. united团结。根据后文的“We both moved back to Wisconsin. We___16___daily.Many years have passed, and we are now in our 50s.”可知，作者和姐姐都回到了Wisconsin，生活在一起，没有再分开过。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们每天都交流谈心。A. work工作；B. travel旅行；C. play玩耍；D. talk交谈。根据前文的内容可知，作者和姐姐久别重逢后生活在一起，姐妹两感情很深，“交流”能体现这种感情。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：但是我们的偶遇并不只是一种记号。A. by mistake错误地；B. by chance偶然；C. on schedule按预定时间；D. on purpose 故意地。根据前文的“I had laughed at something my fiance said,and I ___7___ heard my name yelled from somewhere around me: ‘Cheryl!’”可知，作者和姐姐的重逢是一个偶然。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我更多地把这次重逢看作一种教训，一种不要和爱的人失去联系的警醒。A. change改变；B. result结果；C. lesson教训；D. coincidence巧合。根据后文的“a reminder not to lose touch with loved ones”可知，作者把重逢看作一种警醒，说明作者把和姐姐失去联系看作一种经验教训，提醒自己不要丢了家人。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：失去联系是如此容易的一件事。A. lost丢失的；B. touched感动的；C. broken破碎的；D. loved受珍爱的。根据前文作者和姐姐分离可推断，人与人之间很容易失去联系。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在经历了我们姐妹之间的奇迹之后，我不打算让这种事再次发生。A. circle圆圈；B. theory理论；C. miracle奇迹；D. move移动。在作者心目中，与姐姐的重逢是一种分离很久之后的奇迹，作者珍视这种奇迹，不想再次失去和家人的联系。故选C项。
第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Since 1952,we've gathered three expert judges,who consider every illustrated children's book published that year in the United States.In 2017,we began partnering with the New York Public Library to administer the honor now called The New York Times/New York Public Library Best Illustrated Children's Books Award.
Here are some of the winners in 2019.

Small in the City
Sydney Smith knows that children are the best observers.In"Small in the City,"he shows us how a young child explores a city-it's unmistakably Toronto－with deep knowledge of all its aspects.If we can find them and are lucky,there is shelter,kindness and hope.Smith presents an elegant urban winterscape precisely,yet with an astonishing looseness.
Neal Porter/Holiday House,$17.95;ages 4 to 8.

Another
In a world without words,Christian Robinson 's"Another"provides the perfect balance of color,shape and texture to take the heroine and her cat companion on a determined and thoughtful voyage from her bed to a funhouse of possibility.The warmth of the color palette and her optimistic expression encourage young readers through a mysterious adventure to an alternate universe of light-filled passages.This is a science fiction picture book classic.
Simon&Schuster;$17.99;ages 4 to 8.

The Farmer
XimoAbadia has filled the pages of“The Farmer”with color.Rows and dots of red slash against yellow,blue drips and fills,while water vessels mirror the village topography.The farmer's red balloon pants and animal friends add playfulness to the seriousness of his task and the power of the landscape.We chose this book for how hard work,glaring sun and the search for water are presented through space designs that boldly stretch across the pages,reflecting and encouraging self-reliance and determination.
Holiday House,$17.99;ages 3 to 6.

Just Because
Isabellc Arsenault's richly graphic illustrations for"Just Because"perfectly mix the fanciful and the literal-just the way a child's imagination does.the judges felt.To paraphrase an old movie ad:After spending time with this beautifully designed book,you will believe that fish sing the blues and trees set their leaves on fire.
Candlewick,S17.99;ages 4 to 8.
36. If a child lacks independence,you can recommend_______
A Small in the City B. Another
C. The Farmer D. Just Because
37. From the passage we can know,_______
A. the New York Public Library is a winner of 2019
B. Small in the City introduces the country life in a cautious way
C. Just Because by Isabelle Arsenault has been adapted into a movie
D. Christian Robinson encourages children to learn about the unknown world
【答案】36. C 37. D
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四本获得2019年度最佳插画奖的儿童读物。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据The Farmer部分中的“We chose this book for how hard work, glaring sun and the search for water are presented through space designs that boldly stretch across the pages, reflecting and encouraging self-reliance and determination.”可知，我们之所以选择《农夫》这本书是因为它通过大胆的空间设计，将辛勤的工作、耀眼的阳光和对水的探索展现在书页上，体现并鼓励了我们的自立和决心，由此可知，如果你的孩子缺乏独立性，你可以推荐《农夫》这本书，故C项正确。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。 根据Another部分中的“Christian Robinson 's"Another" provides the perfect balance of color, shape and texture to take the heroine and her cat companion on a determined and thoughtful voyage from her bed to a funhouse of possibility. The warmth of the color palette and her optimistic expression encourage young readers through a mysterious adventure to an alternate universe of light-filled passages.”可知，克里斯蒂安·罗宾逊的《另一个》在色彩、形状和质地上达到了完美的平衡，女主角和她的猫咪同伴从床上出发，开始了一段坚定而又深思熟虑的旅程，来到了一个充满可能的游乐园。色调的温暖和乐观的表情鼓励年轻的读者通过一场神秘的冒险找到另一个充满阳光的地方，由此可知，克里斯蒂安·罗宾逊鼓励孩子们了解未知的世界，故D项正确。
B
New Holland honeyeaters are experts at sounding the alarm when there's danger, according to new research from biologists at the Australian National University(ANU)and the University of Cambridge.

Study authors, Dr. Jessica McLachlan and Professor Rob Magrath, found honeyeaters can spread the word in the blink of an eye, using a two-stage alarm.
It's particularly effective when they are threatened by fast-moving birds of prey.
＂When a hawk is swooping down, its target has only a second to flee to cover-a split second can make the difference between life and death," Dr. McLachlan said.
＂But animals often signal urgent danger using repeated notes, which makes sure others hear the warning but it takes a long time to deliver."
＂So there's a problem. How to send a lightning-fast message in a long call?”
New Holland honeyeaters solve this problem elegantly. They "front-load" information about urgency into the first note of their alarm call, so other honeyeaters can respond quickly.
The clever honeyeaters follow this up with more notes to reinforce the message and signal how long to remain hidden.
＂They use a long call, with lots of notes, to make sure the message is heard," Professor Magrath said." And the more notes, the more urgent the danger."
＂But they also modify the first note to indicate if it's necessary to take immediate cover. So it's a two-part message that is quick, reliable and informative."
The technique is so effective the authors expect to see other species adopt it.
＂Many other species modify alarm calls as the threat increases, but there is surprisingly little known about how fast they convey the message," Professor Magrath said.
The researchers conducted their study in Canberra's National Botanic Gardens over a period of several years.
＂These birds live in the Gardens and are used to having people around. This helped us to record natural interactions with their predators(捕猎者)，such as sparrow hawks and currawongs, and to video the honeyeaters' responses to different alarm calls," Professor Magrath said.
38. According to Dr. Jessica McLachlan,______
A. speed counts when it comes to honeyeaters' life or death
B. the second-part message in a honeyeater's call is more reliable
C. the message about where to take cover is conveyed very fast
D. the urgency degree relies on the first note in a honeyeater's call
39. What does"they"in Paragraph 12 refer to?
A. alarm calls B. modified notes
C. other species D. clever honeyeaters
40. The researchers' findings are mainly based on
A. the comparison between honeyeaters and other birds
B. the analysis of length of alarm calls made by honeyeaters
C. the record of the honeyeaters' response and signal transmission
D. the observation of birds in Canberra's National Botanic Gardens
【答案】38. A 39. C 40. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。澳大利亚国立大学的研究人员经过几年的观察和研究发现，新荷兰食蜜雀是声音警报方面的专家。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的＂When a hawk is swooping down, its target has only a second to flee to cover-a split second can make the difference between life and death," Dr. McLachlan said.(McLachlan博士说，当鹰俯冲下来时，它的猎物只有一秒钟的时间逃到掩护下——瞬间就能决定它的生死)可知，McLachlan认为速度对于食蜜雀来说很重要，因为短短的一瞬间就可以决定它们的生死。A. speed counts when it comes to honeyeaters' life or death(速度对于食蜜雀的生死来说很重要)符合以上说法，故选A项。
【39题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第十二段的＂Many other species modify alarm calls as the threat increases, but there is surprisingly little known about how fast they convey the message," Professor Magrath said.可知，Magrath教授说，随着威胁的增加，许多其他物种会改变报警信号，但令人惊讶的是很少有人知道他们传达信息有多快。结合上下文，可知划线部分they指代的是上文提到的other species“其他物种”。C. other species(其他物种)符合以上说法，故选C项。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的The researchers conducted their study in Canberra's National Botanic Gardens over a period of several years.(研究者们在堪培拉国家植物园进行了几年研究)和倒数第一段的＂These birds live in the Gardens and are used to having people around. This helped us to record natural interactions with their predators(这些鸟生活在花园里，习惯了有人在身边。这有助于我们记下它们与天敌的互动)可知，研究者们的发现是基于在堪培拉国家植物园对鸟类的观察。D. the observation of birds in Canberra's National Botanic Gardens(在堪培拉国家植物园对鸟类的观察)符合以上说法，故选D项。
C
Although Facebook offers various privacy settings that can be improved, there is no way to guarantee that your photos will not be seen by people you didn't intend to share with. While the risk of sexual predators stalking(跟踪)children after seeing their Facebook photos is small, it cannot be completely discounted. Posting photos of your children also sets a bad example to them about privacy and opens them up to other dangers, such as identity theft.
Exposure to Sexual Predators
Posting photos of your children on Facebook could bring them to the attention of sexual predators, even if you set the privacy settings so that only friends and family are able to see the photos. Well-meaning relatives can republish the photos, with less strict privacy settings. This practice can be dangerous if there are easily recognizable landmarks or information that can pinpoint the location of the child in the photo. Many Facebook games and apps encourage you to increase the size of your friend list, but doing so can expose your personal information to unwanted strangers. This information, in tune with status updates revealing your whereabouts and photos of your children, can make it all too easy for someone to stalk your family.
Set a Bad Example
Young children should be taught from an early age about the dangers of revealing too much information to strangers. With smartphones and other electronic devices making it easy to post photos online, it is important that children understand the dangers of uploading the wrong kind of pictures. If you upload lots of photos of your children to Facebook. they may draw the conclusion that there is nothing wrong with sharing images online. For example, many parents post photos of their children in the bath or in their swimwear. Unless children are taught boundaries about sharing personal photos such as these, it can have a negative effect on them later in life.
Identity Theft
After you post photos of your children online on sites such as Facebook, you no longer have any control over what the images are used for. Even with strict privacy settings these photos can be viewed, downloaded, modified and uploaded elsewhere by other people if they are determined enough. Photos of your child could be used for advertising, as many website owners use photos they find on the Internet to promote their sites. Someone could even use photos of your child to create a fake profile on a teen site with the intention of getting close to other teens.
Open Children To Bullying&Intimidation(恐吓）
While posting embarrassing photos of your children on Facebook might seem like harmless fun, it can expose them to bullying and intimidation. If someone distributes these photos to online forums and websites as a joke it can cause a lot of emotional trauma for your child. In some severe cases, teens have committed suicide after threats and bullying online.
41. Paragraph I is to tell readers that_____
A. the sense of identity can be built by sharing online
B. you're likely to be stalked with your photos posted
C. posting children's picture online has become a trend
D. uploading children's photos may invite potential trouble
42. What does the author advise people to do?
A. Set the privacy settings before uploading photos.
B. Teach children to post conservative photos online.
C. Claim controls over children's photos posted online.
D. Avoid circulating children's photos containing privacy online.
43. What does the underlined word"trauma"in the last paragraph mean?
A. gain B. change
C. injury D. loss
44. What's the best title of the passage?
A. Posting children's photos online-a Pandora's Box
B. Posting children's photos online-a Herculean task
C. Posting children's photos online-a good Samaritan
D. Posting children's photos online-a God's Eye View
【答案】41. D 42. D 43. C 44. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文主要从四个方面讲述把有孩子隐私的照片上传到网上可能会给孩子带来意想不到的伤害，且没有在隐私方面给孩子树立好的榜样。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的While the risk of sexual predators stalking children after seeing their Facebook photos is small, it cannot be completely discounted. Posting photos of your children also sets a bad example to them about privacy and opens them up to other dangers, such as identity theft.(尽管性侵犯者看到孩子在Facebook上的照片后去跟踪他们的风险很小，但上传孩子的照片也会在隐私方面给他们树立坏的榜样，并让他们面临其他危险，比如，身份盗用。)可知，第一段的目的是告诉读者们，把孩子的照片上传到Facebook上会造成安全隐患。D. uploading children's photos may invite potential trouble(上传孩子的照片会招来潜在的危险)符合以上说法，故选D项。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的Although Facebook offers various privacy settings that can be improved, there is no way to guarantee that your photos will not be seen by people you didn't intend to share.(尽管Facebook提供了各种可以改进的隐私设置，但无法保证你的照片不会被你不想分享的人看到)以及下文从四个方面讲述把有孩子隐私的照片上传到网上可能会给孩子带来意想不到的伤害。由此可推测，作者建议大家不要在线转发有孩子隐私的照片。D. Avoid circulating children's photos containing privacy online.(避免在网上转发有孩子隐私的照片)符合以上说法，故选D项。
【43题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段的If someone distributes these photos to online forums and websites as a joke it can cause a lot of emotional trauma for your child. In some severe cases, teens have committed suicide after threats and bullying online.可知，如果有人以开玩笑的方式把这些照片发到在线论坛和网站上，会给你的孩子造成很大的情感trauma。在一些严重的案例中，青少年在受到网络威胁和欺凌后自杀。根据上下文的语境可以判断出，划线部分的意思是“伤害”, emotional trauma“情感伤害”。C. injury(伤害)符合以上说法，故选C项。
【44题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段的While the risk of sexual predators stalking(跟踪)children after seeing their Facebook photos is small, it cannot be completely discounted. Posting photos of your children also sets a bad example to them about privacy and opens them up to other dangers, such as identity theft. (尽管性侵犯者看到孩子在Facebook上的照片后去跟踪他们的风险很小，但上传孩子的照片也会在隐私方面给他们树立坏的榜样，并让他们面临其他危险，比如，身份盗用。)以及二三四段的小标题，可知，本文主要讲述把有孩子隐私的照片上传到Facebook上可能会给孩子带来意想不到的伤害，且没有在隐私方面给孩子树立好的榜样。A. Posting children's photos online-a Pandora's Box(把孩子的照片上传到网上——一个潘多拉盒子（灾祸的根源）)可以作为本文标题，故选A项。
D
In 2010, after six years of training and further six years on the wards, I resigned from my job as a junior doctor. My parents still haven’t forgiven me.
Last year, the General Medical Council wrote to me to say they were taking my name off the medical register. It wasn’t exactly a huge shock, as I hadn’t practiced medicine in half a decade.
It was, however, excellent news for my spare room, as I cleared out box after box of old paperwork, tearing files up fast. One thing I did rescue from the jaws of death was my training portfolio (档案袋). All doctors are recommended to log their clinical experience, in what’s known as reflective practice. On looking through this portfolio for the first time in years, my reflective practice seemed to involve going up to my hospital on-call room and writing down anything remotely interesting that had happened that day.
Among the funny and the dull, I was reminded of the long hours and the huge impact being a. junior doctor had on my life. Reading back, it felt extreme and unreasonable in terms of what was expected of me, but at the time I’d just accepted it as part of the job. There were points where I wouldn’t have stepped back if an entry read “had to eat a helicopter today”.
Around the same time that I was reliving all this through my diaries, junior doctors in the here and now were coming under fire from politicians. I couldn’t help but feel doctors were struggling to get their side of the story across (probably because they were at work the whole time) and it struck me that the public weren’t hearing the truth about what it actually means to be a doctor. Rather than shrugging my shoulders and ignoring the evidence, I decided I had to do something to redress the balance.
So here they are: the diaries I kept during my time in the NHS, verruca’s and all. What it’s like working on the front line, the consequences in my personal life, and how, one terrible day, it all became too much for me. (Sorry for the spoiler of my book beforehand, but you still watched Titanic knowing how that was going to play out.)
Along the way, I’ll help you out with the medical terminology and provide a bit of context about what each job involved. Unlike being a junior doctor, I won’t just drop you in the deep end and expect you to know exactly what you’re doing.
45. Which of the following can be put in the blank in Paragraph 2?
A. But I found it a hard job to pick up my practice of medicine.
B. But I found it an easy task to turn over a new leaf in the long term.
C. But I found it a simple act to get involved in self-reflection as a junior doctor.
D. But I found it a big deal on an emotional level to permanently close this chapter of my life.
46. The author cleared out box after box of old paperwork so fast because .
A. he was disappointed at being dismissed from the NHS
B. being removed from his position served his purpose
C. being rescued from the jaws of death discouraged him
D. he had promised to keep his patients' personal information secret
47. The phrase “had to eat a helicopter today” in Paragraph 4 indicates that a junior doctor has to .
A. work hard for promotion B. equip himself with practical skills
C. look through all the portfolios D. live up to some extreme expectations
48. Which of the following best explains “redress the balance” underlined in Paragraph 5?
A. Argue with politicians. B. Tell the full story of doctors.
C. Collect more solid evidence. D. Win the support of the public.
49. What does the author intend to do by writing this article?
A. Reveal what it means to be a junior doctor.
B. Inform readers of some medical knowledge.
C. Give some background information on a book.
D. Encourage more people to practice medicine.
50. What attitude does the author hold towards the NHS?
A. Critical. B. Appreciative
C. Ambiguous. D. Doubtful.
【答案】45. D 46. B 47. D 48. B 49. C 50. A
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章中记叙了2010年，经过六年的培训和六年的病房工作，作者辞去了初级医生的工作。且回忆了自己作为初级医生的经历，认为一个初级医生必须达到一些极端的期望是不合理的，作者同时将自己的经历写到了自己的书中。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中It wasn’t exactly a huge shock, as I hadn’t practiced medicine in half a decade.可知，这并不是一个巨大的震惊，因为我已经有五年没有行医了。结合选项中but表示转折可知，此处前后形成对比，同时结合下文可知作者并没有想重新继续从医。综上可推知，空处句子应为“但我发现永久地结束我生命中的这一章在情感层面上是一件大事”。故选D。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段Last year, the General Medical Council wrote to me to say they were taking my name off the medical register. It wasn’t exactly a huge shock, as I hadn’t practiced medicine in half a decade.可知，去年，医学委员会写信给我说他们要把我的名字从医疗登记簿上删除。这并不是一个巨大的震惊，因为我已经有五年没有行医了。由此可知，作者并不为被除名而感到难受，结合后文作者对于作为一个初级医生的经历的态度是有所保留的，并且他决定把自己的经历写出来，由此可推知，作者如此迅速地清理了一箱又一箱的旧文件，因为被撤职正好达到了他的目的。故选B。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中Reading back, it felt extreme and unreasonable in terms of what was expected of me, but at the time I’d just accepted it as part of the job.可知，回想一下，这句话对我的要求有些极端和不合理，但当时我只是把它作为工作的一部分接受了。由此可推知，第四段中的短语“had to eat a helicopter today”表明一个初级医生必须达到一些极端的期望。故选D。
【48题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文I couldn’t help but feel doctors were struggling to get their side of the story across (probably because they were at work the whole time) and it struck me that the public weren’t hearing the truth about what it actually means to be a doctor.可知，我不禁感到医生们都在努力让人们理解他们自己的观点（可能是因为他们一直都在工作），而令我震惊的是，公众并没有听到作为一名医生的真正含义。结合第六段作者对自己文中内容的陈述可知，作者想呈现作为一个医生的真相，讲述医生的全部故事。由此可知，作者决定必须做些什么来赢得公众的支持，而不是耸耸肩，无视证据。故划线短语“redress the balance”意思为“赢得公众的支持”。故选B。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中Sorry for the spoiler of my book beforehand…可知，很抱歉之前我的书被剧透了……以及最后一段中Along the way, I’ll help you out with the medical terminology and provide a bit of context about what each job involved.可知，在此过程中，我将帮助您掌握医学术语，并提供有关每个工作所涉及的内容的一些上下文。由此推知，作者是在对书的内容进行介绍，即作者写这篇文章的目的是提供一本书的背景资料。故选C。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中So here they are: the diaries I kept during my time in the NHS, verruca’s and all. What it's like working on the front line, the consequences in my personal life, and how, one terrible day, it all became too much for me.可知，这些就是我在英国国家医疗服务系统（NHS）期间写的日记，疣状的等等。在前线工作的感觉，对我个人生活的影响，以及如何，一个可怕的一天，这一切都让我难以承受。结合第二段中作者被NHS除名而不在乎，由此可推知，作者对NHS持批判态度。故选A。
第四部分 任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的注意：请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
“One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight...” That is the signal for half a dozen people braving a humid morning at Kamezuka park in Tokyo to bend, stretch, jump, and run on the spot. The group's personal trainer is a portable radio fixed on the top of a children's slide. A male voice’s simple instructions, issued to a lively piano accompaniment, have become a necessity of daily life in Japan since the broadcasts, known as Rajio Tais(radio calisthenics, first hit the airwaves almost a century ago.)
In 2003,the most recent year for which data is available, 27 million people said they took part in morning calisthenics more than twice a week, whether at work, at home in front of the TV or with Neighbors in the local park. Children perform Rajio Taiso before school sports days or during special summer holiday sessions ,earning credits that can be exchanged for snacks, stationery and other gifts.
Regular participants cover a broad cross-section of Japanese society: construction, factory and office workers including the 10,000 employees of the Tokyo metropolitan government, who are encouraged to leave their desks and start moving at 3 p.m. every weekday.
There are two standard routines-the second slightly more challenging than the first-each involving arm rotations, forward bends, straddle jumps and other aerobic exercises designed to move every muscle and leave participants slightly out of breath. In 1999,a routine was added for people who use wheelchairs or have other mobility issues.
“Studies show that people who exercise this way for just a few minutes a day have improved bone density, reduced risk of suffering a stroke or heart attack, and are generally in better physical shape than other people their age who don't exercise,” says Yasuo Fukusnl, secretary general of the Japan Radio Taiso Federation.
“There has never been any pressure to modernise the programme, because people have grown up with it and know it off by heart,” adds Fukushi, who believes the routine helps explain the impressive lifespan of Japanese people.
“We even do this when it rains,” says Tomomi Okamoto, a company director who joins the Kamezuka park sessions in all weathers. “It gets the blood pumping and I always feel much better afterwards. It's a great way to start the day,” she says. “But it's not just about the exercise- it is a way of communicating with your neighbors and getting to know people.”
Introduction
●Radio calisthenics have won a ___51___ in Japanese daily life.
___52___
●Children performing radio calisthenics to earn credits in ___53___ for gifts.
●Adults from all walks of life encouraged to participate ___54___.
Different routines

●Two standard routines ___55___ various aerobic exercises, leaving performers a bit ____56____
●In 1999,an extra one was designed for those ___57___ challenged.
Potential benefits

●Compared with those who don't exercise,people who keep exercising per day are in better ___58___,with bones and hearts strengthened.
●People who make it a habit to exercise are likely to have their lifespan ___59___
●Some individuals consider Radio calisthenics an exercise as well as a way of _____60_____



【答案】51. place
52. Participants/Performers
53. exchange
54. regularly
55. involve/include
56. breathless
57. physically
58. health/shape/condition
59. lengthened /extended
60. communication /communicating/ interaction/interacting
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了广播体操在日本的流行情况、参与者的情况、不同的广播体操版本和广播体操的好处。
【51题详解】
考查名词。根据第一段中A male voice’s simple instructions, issued to a lively piano accompaniment, have become a necessity of daily life in Japan since the broadcasts, known as Rajio Tais(radio calisthenics, first hit the airwaves almost a century ago.)可知自从被称为Rajio Tais（广播健美操，大约一个世纪前首次在电视上播出）的广播播出以来，男声的简单指令，加上活泼的钢琴伴奏，已经成为日本人日常生活的必需品。由此可知，广播健美操在日本人的日常生活中占有一席之地。表示“占有一席之地”短语为win a place。故填place。
【52题详解】
考查名词的数。根据文章第二、三段分别说明了儿童和各行各业的人士也在参与，可知此部分是在讨论广播体操的参与者。由此可知，表示“参与者”可用可数名词participant或performer，且前面没有冠词故应用复数形式，句首字母要大写。故填Participants/Performers。
【53题详解】
考查固定短语。根据第二段中Children perform Rajio Taiso before school sports days or during special summer holiday sessions ,earning credits that can be exchanged for snacks, stationery and other gifts.可知孩子们在学校运动日之前或特殊暑假期间表演拉练Taiso，赚取学分，可以换取零食、文具和其他礼物。由此可知，孩子们表演广播健美操，以挣得学分来交换礼物。表示“作为……的交换，交换”短语为in exchange for。故填exchange。
【54题详解】
考查副词。根据第三段Regular participants cover a broad cross-section of Japanese society: construction, factory and office workers including the 10,000 employees of the Tokyo metropolitan government, who are encouraged to leave their desks and start moving at 3 p.m. every weekday.可知定期参加活动的人来自日本社会的各个阶层：建筑业、工厂和办公室职员，其中包括东京市政府的1万名员工。市政府鼓励这些人在每个工作日的下午3点离开办公桌开始工作。由此可知，鼓励各行各业的成年人定期参加。修饰动词participate应用副词regularly，表示“定期地”。故填regularly。
【55题详解】
考查动词。根据第四段中There are two standard routines-the second slightly more challenging than the first-each involving arm rotations, forward bends, straddle jumps and other aerobic exercises designed to move every muscle and leave participants slightly out of breath.可知有两项标准的训练——第二项比第一项稍微有一点挑战性——每项都包括手臂旋转、前屈、跨骑跳跃和其他有氧运动，这些运动都是为了运动每一块肌肉，让参与者稍微喘不过气来。由此可知，两个标准套路涉及/包括各种有氧运动，让表演者有点喘不过气来。表示“涉及，包括”可用动词involve或include，且陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，主语为Two standard routines，故谓语动词用原形。故填involve/include。
【56题详解】
考查形容词。根据第四段中There are two standard routines-the second slightly more challenging than the first-each involving arm rotations, forward bends, straddle jumps and other aerobic exercises designed to move every muscle and leave participants slightly out of breath.可知有两项标准的体操——第二项比第一项稍微有一点挑战性——每项都包括手臂旋转、前屈、跨骑跳跃和其他有氧运动，这些运动都是为了运动每一块肌肉，让参与者稍微喘不过气来。由此可知，两个标准体操包括各种有氧运动，让表演者有点喘不过气来。表示“喘不上气的”形容词为breathless相当于文中的out of breath。故填breathless。
【57题详解】
考查副词。根据第四段中In 1999,a routine was added for people who use wheelchairs or have other mobility issues.可知1999年，为使用轮椅或有其他行动问题的人增加了一项体操。由此可知，1999年，又为残障人士增设了一套。表示“有生理缺陷的，残疾的”短语为physically challenged。故填physically。
【58题详解】
考查名词。根据第五段“Studies show that people who exercise this way for just a few minutes a day have improved bone density, reduced risk of suffering a stroke or heart attack, and are generally in better physical shape than other people their age who don't exercise,” says Yasuo Fukusnl, secretary general of the Japan Radio Taiso Federation.可知“研究表明，每天只锻炼几分钟的人，骨密度提高，中风或心脏病发作的风险降低，身体状况一般比其他同龄不锻炼的人好，”日本Taiso广播电台联合会秘书长Yasuo Fukusnl说。由此可知，与那些不锻炼的人相比，每天坚持锻炼的人身体状况更好，骨骼和心脏更强壮。表示“身体状况好，更健康”短语为be in better health/shape/condition。故填health/shape/condition。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。根据第六段“There has never been any pressure to modernise the programme, because people have grown up with it and know it off by heart,” adds Fukushi, who believes the routine helps explain the impressive lifespan of Japanese people.可知Fukushi补充道:“从来没有任何使这个项目现代化的压力，因为人们是伴随着它长大的，而且已经熟记于心。”他相信这个程序有助于解释日本人令人印象深刻的寿命。由此可知，养成锻炼习惯的人有可能延长寿命。表示“延长”动词为lengthen或extend，且根据上文可知此处为“have sth. done”结构，lengthen或extend与lifespan构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填lengthened /extended。
【60题详解】
考查名词或非谓语动词。根据第七段中“But it's not just about the exercise- it is a way of communicating with your neighbors and getting to know people.”可知“但这不仅仅是一种锻炼，也是一种与邻居交流、认识人的方式。”由此可知，有些人认为广播体操既是一种锻炼，也是一种交流方式。介词of后跟名词或动名词形式，表示“交流”可用communicate或interact。各自的名词形式为communication和interaction，动名词形式为communicating和interacting。故填communication /communicating/ interaction/interacting。
第五部分 书面表达（满分25分）
61.请阅读下面材料，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

D-daughter M-mommy
D:"Mommy,are you leaving home again?"
M:"Yes,honey.Mommy is going to fight a monster!"
D:"A monster?Is it scarier than a big roaring tiger?Oh my!”
M:"Well...yes!A lot scarier!It's called Virus.Many people are working hard to defeat the monster."
D:"Who are they?”
M:"They're the scientists who are working on new medicines to cure the ill and the construction workers who are building new hospitals for patients as fast as possible.They are the delivery people who are delivering masks to everyone in need,risking being caught by the virus monsters,too...They are all ordinary people,including volunteers,but now they are also powerful soldiers;they are the bravest fighters and they are heroes!"
D:"They are so brave!But mommy,are you scared?"
M: Yes,everyone is scared.Mommy's too.But if no one goes to fight the monster,there will be more monsters,and the monsters will be even more aggressive,and they may defeat us all.”
D:"But mommy...I don't want you to leave me.”
M:"Baby,mommy doesn't want to leave you either.Sweetie,do you know what"to be brave" means?To be brave is to do the right thing even if you are really scared.?
D:"Mommy,I'll be brave,too.I want to be a doctor when I grow up,and I will fight the monsters together with you.”
【写作内容】
1.用约30个单词概述上述对话内容；
2.谈谈你对“勇士”的理解；
3.写出谁是你心目中的“勇士”，并简要陈述理由（至少两点）。
【写作要求】
1.表明个人观点，同时提供理由或论据；
2.阐述观点或提供论据时，不得直接引用原文中的句子；
3. 文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
4.不必写标题。
【评分标准】
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A mother explains to her daughter why she leaves home to fight against the virus monsters like ordinary heroes, sparking her ambition to fight like a soldier. (27 words)
Personally, heroes refer to people from all walks of life who perform their duties faithfully whatever the situations. They play an irreplaceable role in any critical moment. Dangerous and urgent scenes can bring out their best, such as courage, responsibility and commitment.
Heroes in my heart are my teachers. After the outbreak of the virus, they rise to the challenge of live streaming lectures and grading assignments online. Not only do they have to adapt themselves to the new teaching model but they make enormous sacrifices as well. Besides, serving as the essential role of imparting knowledge to their students, they offer immediate assistance in terms of mental relief and comfort.
To conclude, those who do their own parts whole-heartedly deserve our credit and admiration.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达是读写任务，要求概述对话内容，并发表自己的看法。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求概述对话内容并发表自己的看法：1.用约30个单词概述上述对话内容；2.谈谈你对“勇士”的理解；3.写出谁是你心目中的“勇士”，并简要陈述理由（至少两点）。时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； faithfully（忠诚地），hero（勇士、英雄），critical（关键的），urgent（紧急的）， outbreak（爆发），sacrifice（牺牲），admiration （钦佩），deserve （值得），assistance（援助），irreplaceable（不可替代的）及enormous（巨大的）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。
【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有fight against（与……作斗争），from all walks of life（来自各行各业），perform one's duty (尽职)，serve as（充当、起……的作用），refer to（涉及），adapt oneself to（使自己适应），as well（还）以及in terms of（在……方面），而且还使用了定语从句“To conclude, those who do their own parts whole-heartedly deserve our credit and admiration.”，宾语从句“A mother explains to her daughter why she leaves home to fight against the virus monsters like ordinary heroes, sparking her ambition to fight like a soldier.”，倒装句“Not only do they have to adapt themselves to the new teaching model but they make enormous sacrifices as well.”，非谓语动词“Besides, serving as the essential role of imparting knowledge to their students, they offer immediate assistance in terms of mental relief and comfort.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。