上海2022年中考英语：非谓语动词的用法练习题

这是一份上海2022年中考英语：非谓语动词的用法练习题，共14页。试卷主要包含了 作主语， 作表语， 作宾语， 作宾语补足语，作定语， 作状语， “疑问词+不定式”结构，固定短语等内容，欢迎下载使用。

知识点梳理
基本概念
在英语中，不作句子谓语，但仍具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词分类
不定式（t d sth）；动名词（v-ing）；现在分词（ding）；过去分词（dne）；
初中阶段需要掌握的主要是动名词和不定式的固定搭配，及使动用法的词现在分词和过去分词的用法差别。
非谓语动词用法：
动词不定式（t d）的用法：
1. 作主语：
T learn English well is imprtant.
T eat vegetables can help us keep healthy.
△ 动词不定式作主语时，可以用动名词替换。
Learning English is imprtant.
Eating vegetables can help us keep healthy.
△ 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而把不定式放在后面。
It’s imprtant t learn English.
It can help us keep healthy t eat vegetables.
2. 作表语：
My jb is t teach English./His hbby is t cllect stamps.
3. 作宾语：
(1).动词不定式常用作及物动词的宾语，这些动词有：
want=wuld like(想要), learn, teach,make up ne’s mind=decide=determine(决定做),hpe, wish,agree, affrd(负担得起),try (d) ne’s best(尽力),take actins(采取行动),plan, expect, manage（设法）, fail, ffer(主动提出), prmise, refuse（拒绝）, pretend(假装),prepare,
fear,demand/need(要求，需要),arrange(安排),have ability(有能力)。
He wants t g hme at nce. I began t play the pian when I was fur.
4. 作宾语补足语：
(1).动词不定式还可用作双宾的形式，这些动词有
want=wuld like(想要),task / tell / teach/warn(警告) / wish / need=require=request(需要，要求)/expect /wish/ rder =instruct=cmand(命令，指示)/ encurage / allw =permit(允许)/ invite / enable / frce /advise(建议)/beg(求)/bear(忍受)/drive(驱使)/cause(致使，引起)/persuade(说服) sb. (nt)t d sth.
Lucy asked him t turn dwn the radi. Mther tld me nt t cme hme late.
I’d like yu t meet my family.
批注：advise sb. t d sth./suggest (that) sb.(shuld) d sth.(虚拟语气)
△使役动词make, let, have后的宾语补足语，其不定式的t要省略。而help 后的不定式可以带t，也可以不带t。但是改成被动语态时，要加“t”:
make/let/have sb. d sth. /help sb.(t) d sth.
Culd yu please help me (t) d sme husewrk?
I hear him sing every night. (变成被动语态)
→He is heard t sing by me every night.(变成被动语态)
We saw her play the pian last night.
→She was seen t play the pian by us last night.
It made me feel sad.(变成被动语态)
→I was made t feel sad by it.
注意：感官动词see, hear, watch, ntice等动词的用法：
see
Sb. hear sb. / sth. ding sth.
watch d
ntice
5.作定语：
(1)这种不定式与它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。
I have much wrk t d. D yu have anything t say?
Wuld yu like smething. t eat? It’s a gd place t have fun.
如果这个不定式是不及物动词，它后面就要有必要的介词。
There is nthing t wrry_________. / He has n rm t live _________.
The dg is easy t take care ________. / I’d like sme paper t write __________.
(2)说明所修辞名词的内容：
We had a plan t finish the wrk.
(3)被修辞名词是不定式逻辑主语：
He is the first t get there.
6. 作状语：
I came here t see yu. （目的）
I’m srry t hear that. （原因）
Tm is t yung t g t schl. （结果）
T get t wrk, he takes N.7 bus every day. （目的）
7. “疑问词+不定式”结构：
疑问词wh, what, when, where, hw, which等后接不定式，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语，宾语，表语等。
Where t live is a prblem. （主语）
D yu knw when t start? （宾语）
The prblem is hw t use the machine. （表语）
I dn’t knw t d it. （宾语） A.whatB. hw
8.固定短语.
can’t wait t d sth迫不及待做某事
get/have a chance t d sth.得到一个做某事的机会
It’s+ adj.+(fr sb) t d sth.做某事（对某人来说）怎么样
It’s+adj.+(f sb.) t d sth.
It takes sb. Sme time/mney t d sth.花费某人多长时间做某事（常考）
It’s best fr sb. t d sth对某人来说做某事是最好的
It’s time fr sb t d sth.是某人做某事的时候了
t…(fr sb.)t 太以致不能…enugh t d=(否定)
动名词(V-ing)的用法：

1. 作主语：
2. 作表语：Her favrite is reading.
3.作宾语：
4. 作定语：It’s a reading rm.
△ running star, living rm, eating habit, English-speaking cuntry, Tree-planting Day
5. 有些动词后只能跟动名词而不能跟不定式，这些动词有：
①enjy/like/lve(喜欢)/hate=dislike(讨厌) ding sth.
②stp sb. frm ding sth. =(prevent/keep)（阻止某人做某事）
③feel like ding sth. 想要做某事
④. succeed in ding sth.=manage t d sth.设法成功做某事
⑤spend…(in) ding 花费……做某事=It take sb. time t d sth.
⑥thanks fr ding sth. 因某事感谢某人
⑦have fun (in) ding sth. 做某事很有趣/高兴
⑧practice ding sth. 练习做某事
⑨finish ding sth. 完成做某事
⑩mind ding sth. 介意做某事
(11) be busy ding sth.=be busy with sth忙于做某事
(12) give up ding sth. 放弃做某事
(13) can’t help ding sth. 情不自禁做某事
(14) have truble/prblem/a hard time / difficulty ding sth. 做某事有困难
(15) put ff /delay ding sth. 推迟做某事
(16). keep sb. ding / keep ding sth.使某人保持做某事
(17) prefer ding t (介词) ding… 比起…更喜欢…
=wuld rather d than d=prefer t d rather than d
=like ding better than ding.
(18)admit(承认) ding sth./deny（否认）ding sth.
(19)be afraid f ding sth/ t d sth (害怕做)
(20)sth be wrth ding 值得做...
(21)waste time(mney) ding sth.
(22)be prud f ding sth. 骄傲做...
(23)be interested in ding sth. 对...感兴趣
(24)be gd at=d well in ding sth 擅长做...
(25)be keen n=be fnd f ding sth. 沉迷做...
(26)It’s n use/gd ding sth. 做...没用
(27)hw abut=what abut ding sth (...怎么样？)
(28)advise=suggest(建议) ding sth
(29)allw =permit(允许) ding sth
(30) get/be used t ding sth 习惯做某事
比较：used t d sth 过去常常做某事/be used t d sth/be used fr ding sth.被用来做某事
(31).imagine/avid(避免)/think f(认为)/dream f(梦想)/burst ut(爆发，突然发生)/lk frward t(期待)/insist n(坚持)/get tired f(厌倦)/cnsider/cncentrate n (集中注意力)=pay attentin t ding 注意做某事/instead f(代替)/take charge f=be respnsible fr=be in charge f(负责做)
6. 有些动词后所带的宾语既可以是不定式，又可以是动名词，但所表达的意义不同。
（1）stp
She stpped (talk) with me when she saw me.
It’s time fr class. Please stp (talk).
（2）g n=cntinue（继续）
He didn’t have a rest and went n (wrk).
After cleaning the rm, we went n (ck).
（3）frget /remember
I usually frgt (clse) the dr, but I remembered (clse) it just nw.
（4）try
Why nt try (d) it in anther way?
He always tries ________( finish)his wrk befre dinner.
（5）regret ding sth. / t d sth. (后悔，遗憾)
（6）sb. mean t d sth.(打算做) / Sth. mean ding sth.(意味着)
begin/start, like/lve ding sth/ t d sth.
某些固定句型用原形：
1．Will(Wud)/Can(culd) yu please (nt) d sth…?请（不要）做某事好吗？
2．had better d sth最好做某事
3．Let’s=Why nt d sth…?=why dn’t +动词原形 为何不做某事
4．wuld rather(nt) d sth…宁可（不）；宁愿（不）
此句型也可以扩展成：wuld rather d sth than d sth=wuld d rather than d
5.在祈使语气（或口语）中。
巩固练习
Emily’s mther felt it necessary t let her daughter _____ her wn decisin this time.
A. t make B. makes C. make D. making
考点：make/have/let sb d sth 让某人做某事
参考答案：C
After being questined by the plice, he admitted ______ lies abut his real name.
A. tells B. tld C. t tell D. telling
考点：admit ding sth 承认做过某事
参考答案：D
The pp singer was busy ___fr his cncert. He didn't have enugh time t take a rest.
t prepare B) preparing C) prepare D) prepared
考点：be busy ding sth 忙于做某事
参考答案：B
The careless driver failed_____the ther car in time, which caused a terrible accident.
t see B) seeing C) see D) saw
考点：fail t d sth 失败做某事
参考答案：A
Anyne is required_______ in the passwrds when he wants t use the WiFi.
put B) t put C) putting D) puts
考点：require sb t d sth，be required t d sth 被要求去做某事
参考答案：B
The naughty by denied _______ the expensive vase when his parents asked him.
A. breaking B. brken C. t break D. break
考点：deny ding sth 否认做过某事
参考答案：A
Cmmunity service wrkers help thers and make everyne ________ better.
A. feel B. t feel C. feeling D. felt
考点：make/have/let sb d sth 让某人做某事
参考答案：A
Tm, have yu ever read the bk A Tale f Tw Cities written by Charles Dickens?
-- Yes, I finished ________ it last summer vacatin.
A. read B. reading C. t read D. reads
考点：finish ding sth 结束做某事
参考答案：B
They are lking frward t having an pprtunity _______ sciety fr real - life experience.
A. explre B. t explre C. explring D. explred
考点：have an pprtunity t d sth/have a chance t d sth有机会做某事
参考答案：B
She had t practise ____ in varius weather cnditins befre she passed the test.
A. drive B. t drive C. driving D. t driving
考点：practise ding sth练习做某事
参考答案：C
Wuld yu mind _________ me wh is ging t make the pening speech at the ceremny?
A. tell B. tells C. t tell D. telling
考点：mind ding sth 介意做某事
参考答案：D
I tried t call t aplgize t Mary, but she refused ________ the phne.
A. answer B. answering C. t answer D. answered
考点：refuse t d sth 拒绝做某事
参考答案：C
When talking t ladies, we shuld avid ________ their ages.
A. mentining B. t mentin C. mentin D. mentined
考点：avid ding sth 避免做某事
参考答案：A
While drawing cmic strips, yu can make characters burst ut _______ by shwing the teeth.
A. laugh B. laughing C. laughed D. t laugh
考点：burst ut laughing大笑起来
参考答案：B
The captain culdn’t prmise _______ anywhere because f the pr weather.
A. sail B. t sail C. sailing D. sailed
考点：prmise t d sth 承诺做某事
参考答案：B
If yu keep ________ five sentences a day, yu will be able t speak nice English.
A. learn B. t learn C. learning D. learned
考点：keep ding sth 一直/继续做某事
参考答案：C
The perfrmance by the funny man made the audience ________ fr a lng time.
A. laugh B. t laugh C. laughing D. laughed
考点：make/have/let sb d sth 让某人做某事
参考答案：A
Dn’t frget ____ sme spare batteries when yu take phts f these amazing animals.
A. take B. taking C. t take D. taken
考点：remember/frget t d sth 记得/忘记要去做某事
remember/frget ding sth 记得/忘记做过某事
参考答案：C
The gvernment prmised____ sme schls fr the children in muntain areas.
build B) t build C) building D) built
考点：prmise t d sth 承诺做某事
参考答案：B
The sldiers tried many ways t prevent the fld frm___ the rads and fields.
destry B) t destry C) destrying D) destryed
考点：prevent…frm ding sth使….避免做某事/免受…的危害
参考答案：C
He denied ____ dwn the ld man althugh sme witnesses said s.
knck B. t knck C. kncking D. kncked
考点：deny ding sth 否认做过某事
参考答案：C
The ty cmpany has prmised ________ all the mdels frm nn-plastic materials.
makeB. makingC. t makeD. made
考点：prmise t d sth 承诺做某事
参考答案：C
After receiving an e-mail f aplgy, the client felt better and stpped________any mre.
cmplainB. t cmplainC. cmplainingD. cmplained
考点：stp ding sth 停止做某事
拓展 stp t d sth 停下来去做某事
参考答案：C
My purchases were three weeks late. I had expected the gds _________ n time.
A. arrive B. arriving C. arrived D. t arrive
考点：expect sb t d sth期望某人去做某事
参考答案：D
Alan’s mther advised him _________ bks instead f cpying wrds again and again.
A. read B. t read C. reading D. reads
考点：advise sb t sth 建议某人做某事
参考答案：B
The bss made his wrkers _________ ver 10 hurs a day. That was against the law.
A. wrked B. wrking C. t wrk D. wrk
考点：make/have/let sb d sth 让某人做某事
参考答案：D
“Mr. Lin, yu’d better t much meat. It’s nt gd fr yur health.”said the dctr.
A. nt t eatB. nt eatingC. nt eatD. dn’t eat
考点：had better d sth 最好做某事
参考答案：C
After being questined by the detective several times, he still denied the jewellery.
stealsB. stleC. t stealD. stealing
考点：deny ding sth 否认做过某事
参考答案：D
The air utside is very dirty this mrning. Wuld yu mind _______ the windws?
A) clseB) t clseC) clsingD) clses
考点：mind ding sth 介意做某事
参考答案：C
These days dctrs ften advise citizens_______ hands mre ften than usual.
A) washB) washesC) washingD) t wash
考点：advise sb t sth 建议某人做某事
参考答案：D
mre trees can help t prtect the Earth and make it mre beautiful.
PlantedB. T plantC. PlantingD. Plant
考点：动名词做主语
参考答案：C
We'd better ______ the seven-step hand washing methd t keep healthy.
A) fllwing B) fllwed C) t fllw D) fllw
考点：had better d sth 最好做某事
参考答案：D
The little by admitted _____ the vase n the shelf at last.
A) t break B) break C) breaking D) brke
考点：admit ding sth 承认做过某事
参考答案：C
The sadness ver her father’s death made it difficult fr her________ schlwrk.
A) finishB) t finishC) finishingD)t finishing
考点： it is +形容词 +fr sb t d sth对某人来说做某事是怎样的
参考答案：B
Many students admitted________ games nce in a while when they tk nline curses.
A) playB) playedC) playingD) t play
考点：admit ding sth 承认做过某事
参考答案：C
When the detective interviewed the man, he denied ___________ the expensive earrings.
A. t steal B. stealing C. steals D. steal
考点：deny ding sth 否认做过某事
参考答案：B
Oh very funny! Yu expect me that?
A. believe B. t believe C. believed D. believing
考点：expect sb t d sth期望某人去做某事
参考答案：B
Nwadays students have mre time t practise English after class.
A. speak B. spke C. speaking D. t speak
考点：practise ding sth练习做某事
参考答案：C
When we’re under a lt f stress, we need smething that enables us____ relaxed.
A) feelB) t feelC) t feelingD) feeling
考点：enable sb t d sth 使某人能够做某事
参考答案：B
In rder t memrize the new wrds, yu’d better practise____ them again and again.
A) useB) t useC) t usingD) using
考点：practise ding sth练习做某事
参考答案：D
After wrk Mary decided________ new technlgies t enrich her teaching.
A) learnedB) t learnC) learningD) learn
考点：decide t d sth 决定做某事
参考答案：B
The husband denied________ his wife when the reprter first interviewed him.
A) killB) t killC) killingD) killed
考点：deny ding sth 否认做过某事
Nwadays all schls require students______ hands befre having meals.
wash B. t wash C. washing D. washed
考点：require sb t d sth，be required t d sth 被要求去做某事
参考答案：B
Tina lves sweets but her mum desn't let her _______them very ften.
A. haveB. hadC. t haveD. having
考点：make/have/let sb d sth 让某人做某事
参考答案：A
Bth Jhn and his brther denied ____________ the bkshelves.
A. messingB. t mess C. messD. messed
考点：deny ding sth 否认做过某事
参考答案：A
Emily called Alex fr help because she had truble_____ her wardrbe.
mved B. mving C. t mve D. mve
考点：have truble/difficulty （in）ding sth在做某事方面有困难
参考答案：B
30.Lisa prmised______harder in rder t win the next match against the same team.
A.t train B. t training C. training D. train
考点：prmise t d sth 承诺做某事
参考答案：A
It is nt a gd idea______ a picnic n windy days.
A) haveB) t haveC) havingD) had
考点： it is a gd idea t d sth做某事是个好主意
参考答案：B
At first Mr. Jnes denied______ his wn vase, but later he admitted his crime.
A) stealB) t stealC) stealingD) stlen
考点：deny ding sth 否认做过某事
参考答案：C
Tina lves sweets but her mum desn't let her _______them very ften.
A. haveB. hadC. t haveD. having
考点：make/have/let sb d sth 让某人做某事
参考答案：A
Bth Jhn and his brther denied ____________ the bkshelves.
A. messingB. t mess C. messD. messed
考点：deny ding sth 否认做过某事
参考答案：A
Many little bys hpe that they can have the ability thewrldlike
superheres.
saveB. t saveC. savingD. saved
have the ability t d sth有能力做某事
参考答案：B
I’ll take care f the puppy, and yu dn’t have t remind me things fr him.
dB) t dC) dingD) t ding
考点：remind sb t d sth提醒某人做某事
参考答案：B
. Lily prmised her sn ______ a trip abrad if he made sme prgress in study.
A. arrange B. arranges C. arranging D. t arrange
考点prmise sb t d sth承诺某人去做某事
参考答案：D
Peple wuld rather ______ gds nline than in the shp because there are mre chices.
buy B. t buy C. nt buy D. nt t buy
考点：wuld rather d sth 宁愿做某事
参考答案：A
The gvernment suggests peple ____ the Spring festival their wrking place this year.
A. t spendB. spendC. spendingD. will spend
考点：suggest sb t d sth 建议某人做某事
拓展 suggest ding sth 建议做某事
参考答案：A
High schl students are required ___ part in the vlunteer prject every term.
A. takeB. takingC. tkD. t take
考点：require sb t d sth，be required t d sth 被要求去做某事
参考答案：D
Martin denied ___ thers’ answers in the histry exam.
A. cpyB. t cpy C. cpying D. cpied
考点：deny ding sth 否认做过某事
参考答案：C
The crew spent three days in space _________ the Earth mre than 15 times each day.
A. circle B. t circle C. circling D. t circling
考点：spend time/mney n/ding sth 花费时间/金钱做某事
参考答案：C
At the meeting, all cuntries prmised _________ greenhuse effect by using less fssil fuel.
A. reduce B. t reduce C. reducing D. t reducing
考点：prmise t d sth 承诺做某事
参考答案：B
Lucy and her cusin decided _________ at that restaurant as there were s many peple in the queue.
A. nt eating B. nt t eat C. nt eat D. t nt eat
考点：decide t d sth决定去做某事
参考答案：B
Please stp _________, little man! I haven't even tuched yur tth yet.
A. cry B. cried C. t cry D. crying
考点：stp ding sth 停止做某事
拓展 stp t d sth 停下来去做某事
参考答案：D
Taba shp wners are busy _________ clthes fr their nline custmers.
A. pack B. t pack C. packing D. packed
考点：be busy ding sth 忙于做某事
参考答案：C
Bill ften pretends _________ in class, but actually he desn't at all.
A. understand B. understanding C. understd D. t understand
考点：pretend t d sth假装做某事
参考答案：D
I saw Tm ___ ftball with his classmates at three this afternn.
A. playsB. playedC. playingD. t play
考点：see sb d sth 看见某人做某事 see sb ding sth 看见某人做某事
参考答案：C
The African dctrs hpe _________ with the Chinese medical team nce again.
A. wrk B. t wrk C. wrking D. wrked
考点：hpe t d sth 希望做某事
参考答案：B
He is a man with strng will and nthing will make him _________ his mind.
A. t change B. change C. changing D. changed
考点：make/have/let sb d sth 让某人做某事
参考答案：B
I just had my tth pulled ut. I’d better ____ ndles fr dinner tnight.
A. ckB. t ck C. ckedD. cking
考点：had better d sth 最好做某事
My mst memrable ty is a scter. My sister and I practiced _________ with ne ft every day.
A. push B. pushed C. pushing D. t push
考点：practise ding sth练习做某事
参考答案：C
Jhn! Yu’re having such a high fever. Yu’d better ________ the dctr right nw.
A) t seeingB) seeing C) t seeD) see
考点：had better d sth 最好做某事
参考答案：D
The thief admitted ________ the precius bracelet frm Miss Black’s ffice.
A) stealB) t stealC) stealingD) t stealing
考点：admit ding sth 承认做过某事
参考答案：C
Amy turned ff her desktp after she finished _________ the reprt n the schl prject.
A. write B. t write C. writing D. wrte
考点：finish ding sth 结束做某事
参考答案：C
It's ging t rain this afternn. Yu'd better _________ the windws when yu g ut.
A. clse B. t clse C. clsed D. clsing
考点：had better d sth 最好做某事
参考答案：A
The gvernment advised all the citizens _________ at hme until the typhn passed away,
A) staying B) t stayC) stayedD) stay
考点：advise sb t d sth 建议某人去做某事
参考答案：B
Since yu've made a decisin _________ abrad, yu have t depend n yurself.
A. study B. t study C. studied D. studying
考点：make a decisin t d sth决定去做某事
参考答案：B
I can recgnize the singer because I remember _________ him smewhere.
A. interview B. interviewed C. t interview D. interviewing
考点：remember/frget t d sth 记得/忘记要去做某事
remember/frget ding sth 记得/忘记做过某事
参考答案：D