专题07-非谓语动词（原卷版）-备战2022年新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过


考点07 非谓语动词（原卷版）
【命题趋势】
非谓语动词是动词的变体，是为了满足动词作除了谓语之外的其他成分而产生的。从该意义上来说，非谓语动词是动词的升级版本，弥补了动词的先天不足。在语法填空和短文改 错题中，这是必考考点之一，非常重要。根据非谓语动词类 别及功能，在单项填空题中以考查非谓语动词作状语和定语 为主，作主语和表语也是考查重点之一。 2017年高考在单项填空题中会继续加强对非谓语动词的考查，而且分词作状语和定语仍是考查的重点，对于不定式考查热度仍然不减，尤其是不定式作状语和定语的用法。

【重要考向】
一、非谓语动词作状语；
二、非谓语动词作定语；
三、非谓语动词作宾语；
四、非谓语动词作宾补；
五、非谓语动词作主语和表语；

考向一
非谓语动词作状语
【典例】
【2021全国乙卷语法填空】
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. Activities there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim ______ (have) a low impact on the natural environment.

【非谓语动词作状语提分秘籍】
1．不定式作状语表示结果、目的(可与so as to/in order to替 换，但是so as to不可置于句首)或原因(表示原因只用在表示 喜、怒、哀、乐等表语形容词后)。
2．分词作状语：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常要与句子的主语保持一致。现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表 示 的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。过去分词 作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑 上的被动关系。现在分词作结果状语时表示自然而然的结果;不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，其前常加only。
3．部分过去分词源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动，也不表完成，而表示一种状态。常见的有：lost(迷路的)，seated(坐着的)，hidden(躲着的)，lost/absorbed/buried in(沉溺于)，dressed in(穿着)，tired of(厌烦的)，faced with(面对着)。
【特别提醒】动词不定式也可以跟在一些作表语用的形容词easy，hard，difficult，pleasant，good，fit，comfortable等后面作状语，构成“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，在该结构中构成不定式的动词和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义。另外需注意的是在该结构中，不定式中的动词必须是及物动词，若为不及物动词，则要在其后加上适当的介词，使之构成及物动词短语。

考向二
非谓语动词作定语
【典例】
【2019全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award, proud Irene declared she had no plans ______（retire） from her 36-year-old business.

【非谓语动词作定语提分秘籍】
1．现在分词作定语
现在分词的主动式作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在逻辑上 的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。现在分词的被动式 作定语与所修饰名词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，表示该动 作被动和进行。
2．过去分词作定语
过去分词作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上存在被动关系,并表示该动作的被动或完成。
3．不定式作定语
(1)不定式作定语通常放在所修饰词之后，表示将来的动作。不定式与其所修饰的词之间往往是动宾关系，若该不定式 是不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。
(2)被修饰的名词是抽象名词时用不定式作定语，常见的抽 象名词：ability，chance，idea，fact，excuse，promise，reply，attempt，belief，way，reason，moment，time等。
(3) the first，the second，the last，the next，the only等作名词或者它们作形容词用来修饰名词或代词时，常用不定式作定语。
The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.表达思想的能力和思想本身一样重要。
We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday.
我们被邀请参加下周五在我们俱乐部举办的晚会。
【方法技巧】
非谓语动词作定语是一个非常重要的考点，考生在做此类 试题时要从动作发生的时间、动作与主语的主谓或动
宾关系上着手去判断.要解答好这类题目可按下列步骤进行:
第一步：判断该动词与被修饰的名词之间的关系。
若是动宾关系就要用表示被动的非谓语动词(过去分词、动词v.－ing形式的被动式、不定式的被动式)，若是主谓关系则用动词v.－ing形式的主动式或动词不定式的主动式。
第二步：看动作发生的时间。
若表示将来，用不定式；若表示动作正在进行用现在分词;若表示动作已经完成或结束，用过去分词。

考向三
非谓语动词作宾语
【典例】
【2021全国甲卷语法填空】
After ______ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!

【非谓语动词作宾语提分秘籍】
1．只接不定式作宾语的动词：agree，intend，plan，demand，promise，help，prepare，decide，refuse，choose，wish，hope，want，expect，fail，pretend，manage，determine，beg，arrange，threaten，claim，hesitate， happen等。
2．只接v.－ing形式作宾语的动词：admit，avoid，consider，escape，imagine，mind，miss，practise，suggest，feel like，give up，put off，object to，look forward to等。
3．接不定式与接v.－ing形式有显著区别的动词：(1)try to do 尽力做……；try doing 试着去 做……；(2) mean to do 打 算做……；mean doing 意味着……；(3) regret to do 遗憾 要 去做……；regret doing后悔做过……；(4) remember to do 记得去做……；remember doing记得做过……；(5) forget to do忘记做过……；forget doing 忘记做了……。
4．动词want，need，require作“需要”讲时，其后要用v.－ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动语态作宾语。与此用法 相同的动词还有deserve(值得)。
5．介词后一般要接v.－ing形式作宾语，但介词but/except后接不定式作宾语，若前有实义动词do，不定式要省略to。
We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.
我们约好在此地见面，但是她到现在还没有露面。
What a poor memory！I forgot borrowing money from him
yesterday.But today I forgot to return the money to him.
多么差的记忆力！昨天我忘了向他借过钱，但今天我又忘了把钱还给他。


考向四
非谓语动词作宾补
【典例】
【2020全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
They make great gift and you see them many times ______ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.

【非谓语动词作宾补提分秘籍】
1．现在分词作宾补
现在分词作宾补时，句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语，该 动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系，并且现在分词作宾补强调正 在进行的主动动作。可接现在分词作宾补的常见动词：感官 动词(see，watch，observe，look，notice，hear，listen，feel)，使役动词(have，get)，find，leave，keep，catch等。
I looked up and noticed a snake winding its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.
我抬头注意到一条蛇蜿蜒着爬上树去捕捉它的早餐。
He had the light burning all night，which made his parents
very angry.
他让灯亮了整晚，这使他父母很生气。
It’s wrong to leave the computer working.
让电脑一直开着是不对的。
I am sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.
对不起让你久等了。
I found a number of people already working there.
我发现很多人已经在那儿工作了。
2．过去分词作宾补
过去分词作宾补时，句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语，该动 词与宾语之间存在动宾关系。可接过去分词作宾补的常见动 词：感官动词(see，watch，observe，look，notice，hear， listen，feel)，使役动词(have，make，let，get)，find， leave，keep等。
When we saw the road blocked with snow，we decided to spend the holiday at home.
当我们看到道路被雪封住后，我们决定在家过假期。
You should keep me informed of his whereabouts.
你应该让我了解他的行踪。
The old found his hometown much changed.
这位老人发现他的家乡变化很大。
He left much work unfinished because he was ill.
因为生病，他留下许多工作未做。
3．不定式作宾补
(1)常带to的不定式作宾补的动词(短语)：advise，allow， ask，cause，command，encourage，expect，forbid， force，get，invite，leave，order，permit，persuade，prefer，request，warn，wish，call on，depend upon等。
(2)常接不带to的不定式作宾补的动词(短语)：help，使役动词(make，have，let)，感官动词。如果这些动词或短语用 于 被动语态，则to不可省略。动词help后的不定式符 号to 可 以 省略，也可以保留。
We hurriedly ended the meeting，leaving many problems to be settled.
我们匆忙结束了会议，留下很多问题要解决。
4．with＋宾语＋宾补
(1)with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动且进行)
(2)with＋宾语＋done(表示被动且完成)
(3)with＋宾语＋to do(表示将来)
The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with
their pet dog following them.
这老两口常常在晚饭后到公园里散步，他们的宠物狗则在后
面跟着。
John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work finished，he gladly accepted it.约翰收到一份宴请函而且他的
工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀请。
With a lot of difficult problems to settle，the newly elected
president is having a hard time.
因为有很多难题要解决，这位新任总统的日子不好过。

考向五
非谓语动词作主语和表语
【典例】
【2021全国甲卷语法填空】
It is possible ______ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.

【非谓语动词作主语和表语提分秘籍】
1．非谓语动词作主语
不定式作主语表示某一具体的、尤其是未发生的动作 ；v. －ing形式作主语表示抽象的、泛指的动作，尤其是一般行为倾向。两者可位于句首，也可用it作形式主语，而把不定式或v.－ing形式后置。下列句型常用v.－ing形式作主语：It is/was no use/no good/of little use (good) doing sth.。
Hearing how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.
聆听别人对你刚才所读的书的反应会增加额外的乐趣。
It is no good learning without practice. xk+w
只学习不实践没有好处。
It’s not easy to learn English well.Reading as much as possible is necessary.
学好英语不容易，广泛阅读是有必要的。
2．非谓语动词作表语
v．－ing形式作表语时，说明主语的性质或特征；不定 式 作表语时，说明主语尚未发生的动作，或表示将来的动作。
What she likes is watching children play.
她喜欢的事情就是看孩子们玩耍。
His ambition is to go Harvard University.
他的梦想就是上哈佛大学。




1.【2020浙江卷7月语法填空】
The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large ______ (compare) to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes older than before.

2.【2021浙江卷语法填空】
In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries ______ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.

3.【2021浙江卷语法填空】
This may be due to some disadvantages for people ______ (live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.

4.【2020全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 ______ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.

5.【2018全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
China’s approach to protecting its environment while ______ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide.

6.【2020全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
They represent the earth ______ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.

7.【2020全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
They are easy ______ (care) for and make great presents.

8.【2020全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
The next morning he hired a boat and set out ______ (find) the well-known painter.

9.【2020全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds ______(surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.

10.【2020新高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations（模拟）and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or______（walk）through a rainforest.

11.【2020浙江卷7月语法填空】
Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology ______（change）lives.

12.【2020浙江卷7月语法填空】
Later, they learned to work with the seasons , planting at the right time and, in dry areas, ______（make）use of annual floods to irrigate（灌溉）their fields.

13.【2020浙江卷7月语法填空】
Something significant is happening to the world population — it is aging. The median (中位数的) age of an American in 1950 was 30 — today it is 41 and is expected ______ (increase) to 42 by 2050.

14.【2019全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ______ (perform) consistently over a large area.

15. 【2019全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
Scientists have responded by ______ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are.

16.【2019全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
A 90-year-old has been awarded "Woman Of The Year" for______be）Britain's oldest full-time employee — still working 40 hours a week.

17.【2019全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
When we got a call ______（say） she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.

18.【2019全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ______（get）there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.

19.【2019全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
On the last day of our week-long stay，we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，______（listen）to musicians and meeting interesting locals.

20.【2019浙江卷6月语法填空】
When the children are walking or ______ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them.

21.【2019浙江卷6月语法填空】
But some students didn't want ______ (wear) the uniform.

22.【2018全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
You don’t have to run fast or for long ______ (see) the benefit.

23.【2018全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ______ (die) early by running.

24.【2018全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to ______ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes.

25.【2018全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ______ (improve) water quality.

26.【2018全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64.______ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel 65.______ (challenge).

27.【2018全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
He was just saying: "I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ______ (stay)and watch.

28.【2018浙江卷6月语法填空】
I still remember ______ (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 　

29.【2018浙江卷11月语法填空】
Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem ______ (call) caffeinism. You get very nervous and you can’t sleep.

30.【2018浙江卷11月语法填空】
One study showed that women who drank a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups per day, while they were pregnant were more likely______ (have) children with birth defects.

31.【2017全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
They are required ______ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.

32.【2017全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
This included digging up the road, ______ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 　the top.

33.【2017全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term ______ (rest).
34.【2017全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants ______ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.

35.【2017浙江卷11月语法填空】
This isn't as hard as it sounds., and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while ______ (read) an interesting piece of literature.

36.【2017浙江卷11月语法填空】
Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and their use unconsciously, meaning that you will tend to use the words ______ (learn) this way in conversations almost automatically.

37.【2017浙江卷语法填空】
Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring ______ (cook) a meal.


1.【重庆市南开中学2021届高三仿真】A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 36.______ (be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee — still 37.______ (work) 40 hours a week.
【参考答案】
36.考查非谓语动词。句意：一位90岁的老人被授予“年度女性”称号，因为她是英国年龄最大的全职员工，每周工作40小时。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“has been awarded”且句中无连词，故应用be的非谓语动词形式，句中for为介词，后应接动名词作宾语，应用be的动名词being。故填being。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：一位90岁的老人被授予“年度女性”称号，因为她是英国年龄最大的全职员工，每周工作40小时。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“has been awarded”且句中无连词，故应用work的非谓语动词形式，work意为“工作”，动词词性，句子主语“A 90-year-old”与work之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用work的现在分词working。故填working。
2.【重庆市南开中学2021届高三仿真】I don’t see any reason ______ (give) up work.40．考查非【参考答案】
非谓语动词。句意：艾琳说：“我看不出有什么理由放弃工作。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“see”且句中无连词，故应用give的非谓语动词，reason意为“原因，理由”，为抽象名词，后接动词不定式作后置定语，“the reason to do sth.”意为“做某事的理由”，不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填to give。
3.【重庆市一中2021届高三适应性考试】In early 2020,a disease ______ (call)COVID-19 hit Wuhan.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知call在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且与逻辑主语disease构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填called。
4.【重庆市一中2021届高三适应性考试】Zhong's team took many measures ______ (cure)the patients with COVID-19.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。take measures to do sth “采取措施做某事”为固定短语。故填to cure。
5.【重庆市第八中学2021届高三二诊】People in China have used an ancient counting tool ______ (perform) mathematical operations.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国人使用古老的计数工具进行数学运算。短语use sth. to do sth.“使用……做……”，故填to perform。
6.【重庆市第八中学2021届高三二诊】The Chinese calculator’s name is “suanpan”, but it is known as “abacus” in English. Invented by Liu Hong, abacus is one of the symbols of Chinese people’s wisdom ______ (date) back to the 12th century.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：算盘能追溯到12世纪，是刘洪发明的，算盘是中国人智慧的象征之一。分析句子可知，空格前句子完整，date用非谓语动词形式，且与逻辑主语abacus构成主动关系，应用现在分词，故填dating。
7.【辽宁省沈阳市2021届高三教学质量监测】The air flow sends the sand at the foot back to the top of the sand mountain, ______ (save) the Crescent Spring from being destroyed by quicksand.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：气流把脚下的沙子送回了沙山的山顶，使月牙泉免遭流沙的破坏。分析句子可知，设空后及其之后内容在句中作状语，应用非谓语动词，逻辑主语The air flow和动词save为主谓关系，所以save用现在分词。故填saving。
8.【辽宁百校联盟2021届高三质监】It's reported that the materials can generate about 5.8 million kilowatt- hours of electricity for the station, ______ (save) about 1,800 tonnes of coal.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，这些材料可以为该电站发电580万千瓦时，节省约1800吨煤。分析句子结构可知save在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与上文整个句子构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故填saving。
9.【湖南师范大学附中2021届高三模拟】On March 2, when the 27-year-old Chinese striker (前锋) helped his team to a 3-1 win over Real Valladolid, Wu became the first player from an Asian country______ (score) a goal in Spain's top league.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。当动词修饰的中心词前有序数词时，应用不定式做后置定语。故填to score。
10.【湖南师范大学附中2021届高三模拟】And ______ (give) that he's already opened a new chapter for Chinese soccer in Europe, the chances are that Wu has even more surprises in store for us.
【参考答案】
考查固定搭配。句意：鉴于他已经为中国足球在欧洲开启了新篇章，吴磊很可能还会给我们带来更多惊喜。根据句意可知，此处是固定搭配given that表示“鉴于”。故填given。
11.【湖南省永州市2021届高三二模】At the delivery ceremony in Beijing last Saturday morning, the sample ______ (bring) back by China's Chang'e 5 was handed over to the president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
【参考答案】
考查过去分词。句意：上周六早上在北京举行的交付仪式上，中国嫦娥五号带回的样品被移交给了中国科学院院长。分析句子可知，bring back by做主语the sample的后置定语，且和主语形成动宾关系，即被带回。故填brought。
12.【湖南省永州市2021届高三二模】The delivery marked the start of research into the sample, the administration said in a statement, ______ (add) that it will not merely publish guidelines on the sample's distribution and use, but will also encourage scientists from around the world to participate.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：美国政府在一份声明中说，交付标志着对样品研究的开始，并补充说，这不仅将发布有关样品分布和使用的指南，还将鼓励世界各地的科学家参加。分析句子可知，主谓宾结构完整，add所以是非谓语动词，且主语和add之间是主动关系，故填adding。
13.【湖北省武汉市2021届高三质量检测】It is agreed that hanzi began as simple pictures, images that the ancient Chinese people drew, painted, and carved ______ (describe) nature and their lives.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题。句子谓语动词为began，所以动词describe要以非谓语的形式出现。根据句意可知，此处表达“用来描述自然和他们的生活的图像”，所以用不定式表目的。故填to describe。
14.【湖北省九师联盟2021届高三质量检测】While ______ (watch) her beauty, many a star fell for her.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她会穿上闪亮的连衣裙，跳舞到晚上。 当看到她的美丽时，许多星星爱上了她。分析句子可知，while后非谓语动词作状语，watch与逻辑主语many a star，是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填watching。
15.【湖北省八市2021届高三联考】I felt ______ (protect) and safe during the crisis.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在危机期间，我感到受到保护和安全。感官动词feel后跟形容词，表示主语的状态。protected意为“受保护的”，符合句意。故填protected。
16.【湖北省八市2021届高三联考】What I like the most are the traditional wet markets, restaurants ______ (offer) various dishes and the numerous cultural activities that are available there.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我最喜欢的是传统的菜市场，提供各种各样菜肴的餐馆和众多的文化活动。分析可知，此处offer用非谓语动词做定语，修饰restaurants，且两者之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填offering。
17.【湖北省2021届高三联考】China launched a large robotic spacecraft early Tuesday morning at the Wenchang Space Launch Center in south China’s Hainan province, ______ (task) it with landing on the moon and bringing back lunar samples, 44 years after such extraterrestrial substances (外星物质) were brought back to earth the last time.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：周二凌晨，中国在海南省文昌航天发射中心发射了一艘大型机器人宇宙飞船，任务是登陆月球并带回月球样本，这是距上次将此类外星物质带回地球已有44年了。固定搭配task sb. with (doing) sth.“交给某人做某事的任务”，task与主语是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填tasking
18.【湖北省2021届高三联考】The return capsule of China’s Chang’e 5 probe touched down on its preset landing site in Siziwang banner of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region at 1:59 am on Thursday, bringing back the country’s first samples______ (collect) from the moon, according to the China National Space Administration (CNSA).
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，collect与samples 是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动、完成。故填collected。
19.【河北省张家口市2021届高三一模】Derlin Newey was in disbelief. “I don't know what ______ (say), except thank you,” said Newey as he held back tears of joy.
【参考答案】
考查不定式。句意：除了感谢你，我不知道说什么，”Newey忍住喜悦的泪水说。此处用“疑问词+不定式”作宾语，故填to say。
20.【河北省张家口市2021届高三一模】The Valdez family said they always asked for him when ______ (order) pizzas and started recording his deliveries.
【参考答案】
考查省略。句意：瓦尔迪兹的家人说，他们在订披萨时总是问他，并开始记录他的送货情况。主从句主语一致，省略从句主语，order与逻辑主语The Valdes family是主动关系，故用现在分词，此处“when+动词-ing形式”是省略结构。故填ordering。
21.【河北省保定市2021届高三模拟】In the past two decades, the Chinese government has strengthened ecological protection of wetlands along the Yellow River, 57.______ (make) various species of wild birds take shelter in the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve, 58.______ (locate) at the river’s estuary in East China’s Shandong province.
【参考答案】
57考查现在分词。句意：在过去的20年里，中国政府加强了黄河沿岸湿地的生态保护，使各种野生鸟类在黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区得到保护，该保护区位于黄河河口，位于中国东部的山东省。中国政府加强了黄河沿岸湿地的生态保护的结果是使各种野生鸟类在黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区得到保护，所以此处应用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。
58．考查过去分词。句意：在过去的20年里，中国政府加强了黄河沿岸湿地的生态保护，使各种野生鸟类在黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区得到保护，该保护区位于黄河河口，位于中国东部的山东省。be located at意为“位于”，为固定搭配。所以用过去分词作状语。故填located。
22.【河北省保定市2021届高三模拟】Further efforts should be made ______ (ensure) the long-term stability of the Yellow River
【参考答案】
考查to do不定式。句意：要进一步努力确保黄河的长期稳定。做出更多努力的目的是为了确保黄河的长期稳定。所以此处应用to do不定式表目的。故填to ensure。
23.【广东湛江一中2021届高三模拟】A research ______ (conduct) by the World Health Organization finds that nearly 50% of teens have fallen into the habit of exposing themselves to unsafe levels of sound so far.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：世界卫生组织做的一份调查发现接近一半的青少年已经养成了把自己暴露在过大音量的环境中。分析句子可知，conduct作定语修饰research，与其为动宾关系，故填过去分词形式conducted。
24.【广东湛江一中2021届高三模拟】In an effort to help teens better protect their hearing, we suggest ______ (set) volume limits on personal audio devices. It is also good to limit the amount of time exposed to noise and to take listening breaks to give the ears a rest.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了更好保护青少年的听力，我建议对播放设备进行音量限制。本句为suggest的用法suggest doing sth 建议做某事，故填setting。
25.【广东实验中学2021届高三模拟】It is also a good time for people to enjoy fun outdoors, especially for people living in the city. ______ (drive) to the suburbs, fishing in a lake or enjoying the singing bird will make for a perfect weekend in spring.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句中缺少主语，故用动名词作主语。句意：开车去郊区，在湖里钓鱼，或者欣赏鸟儿唱歌，这些都是春天完美的周末。故填Driving。
26.【广东省深圳市2021届高三调研】With a big smile on her face, Gan Youqin chats with her followers in her live-stream every night, trying______ (promote) sales of oranges from her hometown, a small village in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：甘有琴面带微笑，每晚都在直播中与粉丝聊天，努力推销来自广西壮族自治区一个小村庄的橘子。结合句意表示“努力做某事”可知短语为try to do sth.。故填to promote。
27.【广东省深圳市2021届高三调研】She was initially encouraged by her nephew, who asked Gan to be the main character in his short videos______ (feature) country life.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：甘起初是在侄子的鼓励下，让她在他的以乡村生活为主题的短视频中担任主角。分析句子结构可知feature在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语short videos构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作定语。故填featuring。
28.【广东省六校2021届高三联考】There are many affordable pedometers which can be worn like a watch and used ______ (track) your steps, heart rate, sleeping patterns and even your blood oxygenation levels.
【参考答案】
考查to do不定式。句意：有很多价格实惠的计步器，可以像手表一样戴在身上，用来记录你的步数、心率、睡眠模式，甚至你的血液氧合水平。此处表示“被用来做某事”，用to do不定式表目的。故填to track。
29.【广州2021届高三一模】______ (locate)in Hangzhou, the museum occupies a parklike setting. Inside, various halls demonstrate the story of tea, its ceremonies and its tools.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该博物馆位于杭州，拥有公园般的环境。结合句意表示“位于……”可知短语为be located in，此处省略be动词，用过去分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Located。
30.【广州2021届高三一模】Today visitors can observe a tea ceremony that might be enough ______ (change) even the most passionate coffee drinker.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，游客们可以观摩到一场足以改变最热衷喝咖啡的人的茶道。结合句意表示“足以做某事”可知短语为be enough to do sth.。故填to change。
31.【广东省佛山市2021届高三质检】Putting off the Olympics will have many effects. For example, many sporting events which are already scheduled ______ (hold) in 2021 may have to be put off, too.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，许多原定于2021年举行的体育赛事也可能不得不推迟。根据短语be scheduled to do sth.“计划做某事”可知，此处应用不定式，提示词hold和主语many sporting events之间为逻辑被动关系，故用不定式的被动形式to be done。综上，故填to be held。
32.【广东省佛山市2021届高三质检】The virus has already caused many important events to be put off. For athletes everywhere, it was getting much harder to carry on ______ (train) in the way they needed to.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：对世界各地的运动员来说，以他们需要的方式进行训练变得越来越困难。分析句意，此处的提示词放在介词on后，所以需用动名词。综上，故填training。
33.【福建省厦门市2021届高三质检】For example, if a Japanese woman avoids ______ (look) someone in the eye, she is not showing a lack of interest nor is she showing a lack of confidence.
【参考答案】
考查固定短语。句意：例如，如果一个日本女性避免直视某人的眼睛，这既不表示她不感兴趣，也不表示她缺乏自信。此处为固定短语avoid doing“避免做某事”，应用动名词作宾语。故填looking。
34.【福建省厦门市2021届高三质检】As you can see, it is vital for you______ (know) what eye contact communicates before you visit a new culture.
【参考答案】
考查不定式。句意：正如你所见，在你访问一个新的文化之前，了解眼神交流所传达的信息是至关重要的。分析可知，此处为固定句型it is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.“对于某人来说做某事是......”，其中it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填to know。
35.【福建省龙岩市2021届高三质检】In Aug 2019, Liang won the gold medal at the 45th World Skills Competition in Electronics in Kazan, Russia, which is the biggest vocational education and skills excellence event in the world, organized every second year by the World Skills International with an aim______ (show) the skills and promote career of youth .
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2019年8月，在俄罗斯喀山举行的第45届世界技能大赛电子类比赛中，梁获得金奖，该赛事是世界技能国际组织每两年举办一次的全球最大的职业教育和技能精品赛事，旨在展示青少年的技能和促进职业发展。结合句意表示“旨在……”可知短语为with an aim to do sth.。故填to show。
36.【福建省龙岩市2021届高三质检】In August 2016, he got the first chance to compete in the national selection competition of the 44th WSC held in Shanghai, ______ (win) the third place.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2016年8月，他第一次有机会参加在上海举行的第44届WSC全国选拔赛，获得第三名。分析句子结构可知win在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语he构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故填winning。
37.【福建省福州市2021届高三一模】The ox has a significant place in Chinese culture. Centuries ago, most people earned their living through farming and the ox was used ______ (help) farm and carry heavy goods.
【参考答案】
考查动词不定式。句意：几个世纪前，大多数人靠务农谋生，牛被用来帮助耕种和搬运重物。固定搭配be used to do sth.（被用来做某事），用动词不定式（to do）形式，故填to help。
38.【福建省福州市2021届高三一模】When it comes to someone who gains a great achievement through hard work, people often use “niu”, ______ (mean) “awesome”, to describe him or her.
【参考答案】
考查现在分词。句意：当谈到一个通过努力工作取得巨大成就的人时，人们常常用“牛”来形容他或她，意思是“棒极了”。“people often use “niu”, ____7____（mean） “awesome”, to describe him or her”本句已有谓语use且无连词，mean用非谓语形式，主语people和动词mean是逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词（doing）表主动，作状语。故填meaning。
39.【重庆市育才中学2021届高三模拟】If you take it as a way of life, only ______ (expect)to find ways to feel a little better, one day you’ll notice you have changed your thinking.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知expect在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语you构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填expecting。
40.【重庆市南开中学2021届高三模拟】A 56-year-old enthusiastic backyard bird watcher named Stuart Dahlquist spent years______ (leave) out food for a family of crows and was left shocked when he found a gift from the crows back in March 2019.He first became acquainted with the bird family after he rescued two chicks that had fallen off their nest in his front yard five years ago.
【参考答案】
考查动名词。句意：现年56岁的斯图尔特·达奎斯特是一位热心的后院观鸟者，他多年来一直在为一群乌鸦准备食物。2019年3月，当他发现一份来自乌鸦的礼物时，他惊呆了。spend+时间+(in)+doing，固定短语，意为“花费多少时间做某事”，动名词作宾语，介词in可省略。故填leaving。
41.【重庆市南开中学2021届高三模拟】One day when Dahlquist was preparing for his daily feeding routine,he was surprised______ (find)a fir sprig(枝)that had been decorated with a soda can tab.
【参考答案】
考查动词不定式。句意：一天，当达尔奎斯特准备他每天的喂食时，他惊讶地发现一根装饰有苏打罐头标签的冷杉树枝。分析可知，本句应是“主语+be+形容词+to do 不定式”句式结构，其中动词不定式to do表原因。故填to find。
42.【山东省青岛市2021届高三质检】The inventors of Tai Chi were inspired by this book and invented Tai Chi Chuan with the continuous movements of drawing circles in the air by ______ (guide) the breath with the willpower.
【参考答案】
考查动名词。句意：太极拳的发明者受到这本书的启发，用意志力引导呼吸，不断在空中画圈的动作，发明了太极拳。根据介词by，意为“通过”，可知此处要用动名词形式。故填guiding
43.【山东省菏泽市2021届高三模拟】we are so used to our outstanding cultural heritage in Europe that we tend ______（forget） that it needs constant care and attention.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们对欧洲的杰出文化遗产太习以为常，以至于我们忘了它也需要时不时的修复。tend to do sth“倾向于做某事；常常做某事”，接不定式作宾语，故填to forget。
44.【山东省菏泽市2021届高三模拟】In 2015, the German engineering company Siemens found that Scotland had about ten 40.______（damage） fires a year, while England lost at least a dozen 41.______（list） buildings a year.
【参考答案】
40.考查非谓语动词。句意：2015年，德国工程公司西门子发现苏格兰每年大约发生10起破坏性火灾，而英国每年至少损失了12座登记在册建筑。分析句子成分可知，damage作定语修饰fires，且二者之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语，故填damaging。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：2015年，德国工程公司西门子发现苏格兰每年大约发生10起破坏性火灾，而英国每年至少损失了12座登记在册建筑。分析句子成分可知，list作定语修饰buildings，二者之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，故填listed。
45.【辽宁省辽阳市2021届高三模拟】You know that Grandparents Day, ______ (take) place on the Sunday after Labor Day every year, is a holiday for celebrating your parents' parents.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：你知道每年劳动节后的星期天是祖父母节，是一个庆祝你父母的父母的节日。分析句子结构，已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词形式，take place为固定短语，没有被动语态，需填现在分词形式。故填taking。
46.【辽宁省辽阳市2021届高三模拟】So she set out______ (choose) a day to honor and appreciate grandparents.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：所以她决定选择一个日子来表达对祖父母的敬意和感激。set out to do sth.为固定用法，意为“开始着手做某事”。故填to choose。
47.【辽宁省辽西地区2021届高三大联考】Its aim is______ (promote) the bicycle as a serious choice of getting to and from work.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：其目的是推广自行车作为上下班的重要选择。空格所在句为“主语+系动词+表语”结构，空格处单词在句中作表语，根据句子主语aim可知，空格处应用不定式作表语，表示“目的”的具体内容，promote意为“促进，推动”，动词词性，不定式符号后接动词原形。故填to promote。
48.【辽宁省辽西地区2021届高三大联考】Cycling to work is a healthy alternative to______ (drive) to work.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：骑自行车上班比开车上班更健康。句中涉及固定短语“an alternative to doing sth.”，意为“替代做某事”，to为介词，后接动名词形式作宾语，drive意为“开车”，动词词性，动名词形式为driving。故填driving。
49.【辽宁省辽西地区2021届高三大联考】We use bicycles today for recreation, fitness and so on. Without the bicycle, much of the world might stop______ (work)!
【参考答案】
考查固定短语。句意：如果没有自行车，世界上很多地方可能会停止工作！根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“stop doing sth.”，意为“停止做某事”，work意为“工作”，动词词性，动词ing形式为working，句中表示“停止工作”。故填working。
50.【辽宁省葫芦岛市2021届高三模拟】It has a______ (pre-program) path of about 600 meters at Tokyo's Haneda International Airport.
【参考答案】
考查过去分词作定语。句意：在东京羽田国际机场，它的预规划路径约为600米。pre-program表示“为……预编程序”，它的过去分词pre-programed表示“被预编程序的”，修饰名词path，故填pre-programed。
51.【辽宁省葫芦岛市2021届高三模拟】The technology uses sensors and cameras to, see a clear path and avoid______ (hit) those walking toward it.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语。句意：该技术使用传感器和摄像头，看到一条清晰的道路，避免撞到走向它的人。avoid doing sth.表示“避免做某事”，故填hitting。
52.【江苏省如皋市2021届高三调研】Paper and plastic toys were the items ______ (come) next.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：接下来是纸和塑料玩具。分析句子结构可知come在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语items构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故填coming。
53.【江苏省如皋市2021届高三调研】Children have an impulse ______ (explore) their noses and ears.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们有一种想要探索自己的鼻子和耳朵冲动。结合句意表示“有做某事的冲动”短语为have an impulse to do sth.。故填to explore。
54.【江苏省如皋市2021届高三调研】Any ear, nose or throat surgeon has many unbelievable stories about wonderful objects ______ (detect) in the noses and ears of children and adults.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：任何耳鼻喉外科医生都有许多关于在儿童和成人的鼻子和耳朵中发现奇妙物体的令人难以置信的故事。分析句子结构可知detect在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语objects构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填detected。
55.【江苏省南通市通州区2021届高三质量监测】Another benefit of exercise is that it will improve your body's immune system, ______ (make)you better prepared to fight off infection.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：锻炼的另一个好处是它会提高你身体的免疫系统，让你更好地对抗感染。分析句子结构可知make在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语it will improve your body's immune system构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故填making。
56.【江苏省海门中学2021届高三阶段检测】Although Laughter Yoga definitely includes some yoga, don’t expect it to have much in common with the yoga classes______ (offer) at your local studio or gym.
【参考答案】
考查过去分词。句意：虽然笑声瑜伽肯定包括一些瑜伽，但不要期望它与你当地的工作室或健身房提供的瑜伽课程有太多的共同点。过去分词作定语和所修饰的内容有被动完成的关系，offer“提供”修饰the yoga classes“瑜伽课”，与之为被动关系，需用过去分词。故填offered。
57.【江苏省海安高级中学2021届高三五调】In 1995, Dr. Madan Kataria called on a group of students in a park______ (test) whether adding regular laughter to people’s lives would improve their well-being, Kataria also introduced deep breathing and simple yoga moves into the exercises.
【参考答案】
考查动词不定式。句意：1995年，马丹 · 卡塔里亚博士在一个公园里召集了一群学生，来测试在人们的生活中加入有规律的笑声是否会提高他们的幸福感……。call on somebody to do something“号召某人干某事”为动词加复合宾语结构，动词不定式在句中作宾补。故填to test。
58.【江苏省常州高级中学2021届高三调研】______ (inspire) by Chinese writing brushes, he uses bamboo branches as his brushes, which represents his latest attempt to create unpredictability in splatter effects.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：邓宇没有用铅笔，而是用“竹笔”来画他大部分的苦乐，“他受中国毛笔的启发，用竹枝作为毛笔，这是他最新的尝试，以飞溅的效果来创造不可预测的效果。”根据句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词draws，且空处没有连词，所以此空应填非谓语动词，he和inspire构成被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词作后置定语，位于句首，单词首字母需大写。故填Inspired。
59.【江苏省常州高级中学2021届高三调研】With the unpredictable painting effects of these tools, he also wants ______ (defend) the art field in the expansion of artificial intelligence.
【参考答案】
考查动词不定式。句意：凭借这些工具不可预知的绘画效果，他也想在人工智能的扩张中捍卫艺术领域。 want to do sth.想要做某事，固定搭配。故填to defend。
60.【江苏省常州高级中学2021届高三调研】His breakout video, where his process of painting Qi tian Dasheng (Monkey King) is shown，has won more than 408,000. likes，______ (make) him popular on the platform.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词has won，所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语，空处动词make与主句之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词短语作结果状语，表示顺承的结果。故填making。
61.【湖南省长沙一中2021届高三四调】The Northern Essex Community College (NECC) students and one of their teachers spent part of their spring break in New York City, helping repair an area ______ (destroy) by the hurricane.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知destroy在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且与逻辑主语area构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填destroyed。
62.【湖南省长沙一中2021届高三四调】Together, those volunteers and the NECC students worked ______ (clear) rubbish out of a three-story building.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些志愿者和NECC的学生一起工作，清理三层楼的垃圾。分析句子结构可知clear在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且本句中clear作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to clear。
63.【湖南省长沙一中2021届高三四调】Inside the building, the students saw nothing but broken walls and doors and pieces of the building ______ (lie) all over the place.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知lie在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语broken walls and doors and pieces of the building构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作定语。故填lying。
64.【湖南省长沙市一中2021届高三三调】Keeping him too busy ______ (think)about the past helps him see a positive light.
【参考答案】
考查固定搭配。too...to...为固定搭配，意为“太……而不能……”。句意：让他忙得无法想起往事，这有助于让他看到积极之光。故填to think。
65.【湖北省宜昌市2021届高三联考】As global travel restrictions are likely ______ (remain) for the coming months, Beijing 2022 organizers have decided to cancel a series of test events.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：由于未来几个月全球旅行限制可能仍将继续，北京2022年冬奥会组织者已决定取消一系列测试活动。固定短语be likely to do指的是“可能做某事”。故填to remain。
66.【湖北省宜昌市2021届高三联考】Additionally, huge thanks to the Chinese national athletes and their coaches for ______ (conduct) the test runs.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，非常感谢中国国家运动员和他们的教练进行试运行，”国际滑雪联合会主席伊沃·费里亚尼说。动名词做介词宾语，for后面用动名词。故填conducting。
67.【湖北省孝感高中2021届高三模拟】He says he gets so excited waiting for his pigeons ______ (arrive) at the end of a race that his heart starts beating fast.
【参考答案】
考查不定式。句意：他说等着他的信鸽达到比赛的终点让他非常兴奋，以至于他的心跳开始加速。此处为固定短语wait for sb. / sth. to do sth.“等着某人做某事”。故填to arrive。
68.【湖北省孝感高中2021届高三模拟】Yu told Reuters news agency Recently, his 7-month-old pigeon______ (name) "Link Ancestor" placed first in a Chinese Racing Pigeon Association race.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：最近Yu告诉路透社，他那只名叫“Link Ancestor”的信鸽在一场中国信鸽协会的比赛中取得了第一名。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语pigeon和name之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填named。
69.【湖北省孝感高级中学2021届高三调研】After all, there's so much for you______ ( learn) academically and socially, like getting along with classmates, and dealing with teachers.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：毕竟，你在学术和社交方面还有很多东西需要学习，比如和同学相处，和老师打交道。此句是there be句型，此处用所给动词的不定式作后置定语修饰much，动词不定式有将来的含义，其逻辑主语是you，本句中和所修饰的词有动宾关系。故填to learn。
70.【湖北省孝感高级中学2021届高三调研】______ (like) by a large group of people cannot take the place of building deep, supportive friendships.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动间。句意：被一大群人喜欢并不能取代建立深厚的、互相支持的友谊。分析句子可知，空格处为句子主语，应用名词类词汇，根据句意可知，所给动词like应是被动含义，表示“被很多人喜欢”，故用动名词的被动形式。故填Being liked。
71.【湖北省武汉外国语学校2021届高三调研】So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready______ (begin) his enquiry.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。be ready to do sth.“准备做某事”，故填to begin。
72.【湖北省武汉市武昌区2021届高三质检】She has composed several songs, including one called the “Little dog in Dream"， where she imagined her life with the company of a guide. ______ (bring) so much pleasure into her life, the piano empowers her with perseverance and accompanies her throughout her ups and downs in its own way.
【参考答案】
考查现在分词。句意：钢琴给她的生活带来了如此多的乐趣，钢琴赋予她毅力，并以自己的方式陪伴她度过人生的起起落落。动词bring和逻辑主语the piano构成主动关系，所以此处用现在分词的一般式的主动形式作伴随状语。置于句首首字母大写。故填Bringing。
73.【湖北省武汉市武昌区2021届高三质检】She hopes to ______ (admit) to a university in Beijing and major in music performance or music production.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她希望能考上北京的一所大学，主修音乐表演或音乐制作。动词admit意为“录取”，和主语she构成被动关系，此处为to do不定式。故填be admitted。
74.【河北省2021届高三模拟】Jupiter's atmosphere is covered with bands of clouds and filled with vast______ (spin) storms.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：木星的大气层被云带所覆盖，并充满了巨大的旋转风暴。分析句子结构可知spin在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语storms构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填spinning。
75.【广东省深圳外国语学校2021届高三四调】Gabi Rizea only discovered his talent for woodcarving three years ago, and put it to good use, saving dozens of old tree stumps from being removed by______ (turn) them into impressive works of art.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Gabi Rizea三年前才发现自己的木雕天赋，并好好利用了这一天赋，将数十根被砍伐的老树桩变成了令人印象深刻的艺术品。turn作介词by的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填turning。
76.【广东省深圳外国语学校2021届高三四调】He promised to honor their requests, but he will never repeat any of the artworks ______ (find) in his home city.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他承诺尊重他们的要求，但他永远不会重复在他家乡城市发现的任何艺术品。分析句子结构可知find在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语artworks构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填found。
77.【广东省深圳外国语学校2021届高三三调】While ______ (fly) through the wind, it produced sound like the music produced by gu – zheng, which is a traditional Chinese musical instrument.
【参考答案】
考查现在分词。句意：当它在风中飞的时候，会发出像古筝一样的声音，古筝是一种传统的中国乐器。风筝是自己飞，主动发出动作。故填flying。
78.【广东省深圳外国语学校2021届高三三调】When people look at those kites, they feel as if they are flying away with the kites ______ (escape) the noisy world and step into the nature with their body and soul.
【参考答案】
考查动词不定式。句意：当人们看到那些风筝的时候，他们感觉他们在和风筝一起飞，去躲避噪杂的世界，身心迈入大自然。不定式在这里做目的状语。故填to escape。
79.【广东省2021届高三四校联考】Nobu Okada, CEO of Astroscale, a company working on ways to clean up space junk, says “even a small paint fleck has enough power______ (blow) up other satellites.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：致力于清理太空垃圾的公司Astroscale的首席执行官Okada说：“即使很小的油漆斑点也有足够的力量炸毁其他卫星。”have enough power to do something“有足够的力量做某事”，不定式做后置定语。故填to blow。
80.【广东省2021届高三四校联考】______ (look) to the future, like any litter problem, we need to look at ways of creating less.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意：展望未来，就像其他垃圾问题一样，我们需要研究产生更少污染的方法。此处和主语we是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动，在句子中做状语。故填looking。
81.【福建省福州一中2021届高三调研】A pedestrian lane runs more than 4,000 meters through the tropical forest, ______ (ensure) close contact with nature.
【参考答案】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，空白处及之后内容在句中做状语，ensure与逻辑主语A pedestrian lane为主谓关系，所以用现在分词。故填ensuring。
82.【辽宁省朝阳市建平县2021届高三9月联考】After New York’s Met recently announced its change to entrance fees, 36.______ (make) the $25 charge required rather than 37.______ (suggest)—it has raised the question whether museums should be free of charge to the public.
【参考答案】
36.考查现在分词。本句已有谓语动词announced且无连词，此处用非谓语动词，主语New York’s Met和动词make是主谓关系，应用现在分词（doing）表主动，作状语。故填making。
37．考查过去分词。本句已有谓语动词announced且无连词，此处用非谓语动词，rather than在没有跟would搭配时，表“是而不是……”，它连接的是并列成分，所以要与前面的过去分词required保持一致，逻辑主语the $25 charge和动词suggest是动宾关系，应用过去分词表被动。故填suggested。