2022常州教育学会高一下学期期中英语试题无答案

常州市教育学会学业水平监测

高一英语试题

2022年4月

第一部分  听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What might prevent the woman buying the table?

A. Its quality.          B. The price.          C. Its design.

2. What happened to the boy today?

A. He fought with someone at school.          B. He didn't go to school.          C. He lied to his teacher.

3. What will the woman do?

A. Charge the man's cell phone.          B. Visit her mother.          C. Make a call.

4. Who will throw a party for the woman next Sunday?

A. The woman herself.          B. Nancy.          C. The man.

5. How long is a day on Mars?

A. Less than 24 hours.          B. 24 hours and 37 minutes.          C. 37 hours.

第二节

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. How many times has the man made dumplings?

A. Twice.          B. Once.          C. Never.

7. What does it need to make good dumplings according to the woman?

A. Practice.          B. A secret recipe.          C. Talent.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. How does the man feel?

A. Tired.          B. Nervous.          C. Excited.

9. What does the man want to do next?

A. Continue talking with the woman.          B. Go to the bathroom.          C. Drink some water.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. What do we know about the woman's document?

A. It's about 30000 words long.          B. It's a textbook.          C. It's written in English.

11. Which language is the most difficult according to the man?

A. Arabic.          B. Spanish.          C. English.

12. What does the woman decide to do?

A. Translate the document herself.           B. Hire the man to do the translation.

C. Look for another translator.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. What is the main difference between an iPod and an iTouch?

A. An iTouch has more functions than an iPod.          B. An iPod can connect to the Internet.

C. An iPod is more expensive than an iTouch.

14. What do we know about apps?

A. Many of them are free.             B. There aren't very many of them.

C. You can use them on any kind of phone.

15. What kind of app did the man just read about?

A. An app that shows the cleanest restaurant.           B. An app that shows the nearest bathroom.

C. An app that shows the cheapest hotel.

16. Why does the woman call the man “Mr. Apple”?

A. He likes eating apples.               B. His family name is Apple.

C. He seems to know a lot about Apple products.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. Where did Whitney Houston first start singing?

A. In nightclubs.           B. In church.           C. In a school.

18. Who is Clive Davis?

A. Whitney Houston's agent.           B. The movie producer who made The Bodyguard.

C. The man who signed Whitney Houston to a long-term recording deal.

19. Which of the following is a Whitney Houston song?

A. Saving All My Love for You.          B. Greatest Emotion of All.          C. I Will Always Be with You.

20. What do we know about Whitney Houston's death?

A. The reason why she died was not clear then.       B. She died soon after winning a Grammy Award.

C. She died at the age of 45.

第二部分  阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

21. What feature do all of the above places have in common?

A. Sleeping in a tent.        B. Providing E-guide.        C. Being eco-friendly.        D. Exploring the sea.

22. If you are a wildlife lover with a busy work schedule, which company would you choose?

A. Rainbow Tours          B. Much Better Adventures          C. Wildnis          D. Wild Discovery

23. What can this article be taken from?

A. A travel brochure.         B. A science magazine.         C. An animal poster.         D. A biology book.

B

The Amazon rainforest is nearing a tipping point（临界点）, according to researchers from the University of Exeter, UK.

Previous studies have warned that the world's largest rainforest, which acts as the lung of the Earth, is approaching a critical threshold（限度）. But most past research has depended on projections using models, not real-world observations.

Now, Tim Lenton and his colleagues have used two sets of satellite data covering between 1996 and 2016 to measure the greenness of the Amazon over time, watching for how it recovered after impacts such as drought and fires.

They found that since the early 2000s, 76 per cent of the region had become less resilient. Importantly, says Lenton, the signal of this growing trouble was picked up without immediately obvious changes such as huge drops in the forest's biomass（生物量）or tree cover.

“Why do we care about it? It's worth reminding ourselves that if it gets to that tipping point and we lose the Amazon rainforest then we get a significant feedback to global climate change,” says Lenton. He says a change into savannah（稀树草原）would unlock about 90 billion tons of carbon dioxide stored in the trees and soil.

Lenton says he cannot put an exact date on how far off the rainforest's tipping point might be, but he expects it to be a process that would take in a few years. Other Amazon experts say the research adds to a growing body of evidence（证据）that the rainforest is approaching a tipping point.

The changes aren't the same throughout the rainforest. The south-eastern part of the Amazon has already changed to the point at which it is now a carbon emitter（释放者）rather than a carbon sink.

Matt Finer at the Amazon Conservation non-profit organization says the research could help decide which remaining parts of the forest to prioritize（优先）for protection. “The western and north-east Amazon appear the most resilient, showing the need to protect these areas now and in the future from any more damages,” he says.

24. How does Lenton conduct his research?

A. By using previous models.              B. By collecting data from the locals.

C. By observing drought and fires.          D. By using data from satellites.

25. What can we learn about the changes in the forest?

A. They are not very noticeable at present.          B. They have little effect on climate.

C. People needn't worry about them.               D. People have prepared for them.

26. What does the underlined word “resilient” in the 4 paragraph mean?

A. able to produce carbon.         B. able to recover        C. easy to extinct         D. easy to be observed

27. What does the author intend to do with the last paragraph?

A. To list the threats facing the rainforest.        B. To show the differences of the changes.

C. To list the results of the research.             D. To show the significance of the research.

C

The development of the mRNA vaccine（疫苗）—a breakthrough in its field, instructing cells（细胞）to produce their own protection without the risk of giving someone the virus—was fast and effective, made possible through rapid genome sequencing（基因组测序）.

So how does it work? Once mRNA is injected（注l），the vaccine attaches to a cell，instructing it to produce a harmless copy of the spike protein—the significant marker of the coronavirus, which allows COVID-19 to inject itself into human cells—causing an immune response. Because mRNA does not enter the cell nucleus（细胞核）, it does not change human DNA.

Different from the time it takes to produce traditional vaccines，which are time-wasting and expensive, mRNA can be produced almost instantly.

It's been a “game changer,” says Tom Kenyon, a former director of global health at the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “These are vaccines that give very strong immunity, which we never had in previous attempts.” Besides, its potential to treat cancer, which it can do by causing the immune system to target cancer cells, is especially exciting. Most traditional immune treatment for cancer uses “passive immunity,” where a drug doesn't always last long. But active immunity, achieved with mRNA, means the body can remember how to create the response on its own. “That's what gives everybody in the public health community hope,” Kenyon says.

The biggest drawback is production ability. Many parts of the world would need help setting up the ability to produce these vaccines. “The mRNA story is by far the greatest story of this pandemic（流行病）, and it's an amazing scientific achievement, but we haven't translated that yet into programmatic results, and that's what matters,” Kenyon said.

28. Which of the following can describe this new mRNA vaccine?

A. Rapid and risky.                   B. Passive and efficient.

C. Effective and long-lasting.           D. Harmless and expensive.

29. It can be learned from the passage that _______.

A. mRNA can cause a problem to human's DNA

B. realizing mass-production in the mRNA vaccine is the key

C. mRNA can work very well without entering human bodies

D. the mRNA vaccine has been used in cancer treatment

30. Which of the following about the vaccine are mentioned in this passage?

a. experiment data           b. working process         c. history and origin

d. potential application       e. current limitation         f. people's doubts

A. acf         B. bde         C. bdf         D. ade

31. What is Tom Kenyon attitude towards the vaccine?

A. Negative.          B. Supportive.         C. Unclear.          D. Worried.

D

As the family of 16 Asian elephants started moving north, no one knew where they were heading, or why. Elephants sometimes go beyond their nature reserves, but they always return.

Not this time.

Over the course of 16 months, they crop-attacked and road-tripped 300 miles north to Kunming. They were causing a great deal of economic loss, and there was the ever-present risk of an elephant attacking a curious onlooker.

The simple answer would be to tranquilize（使镇定）the giant mammals and transport them back to the reserve. But that would be risky for this group, especially the three young elephants. Instead, officials launched an emergency task force to keep everyone，elephants and humans alike，safe. Tons of pineapples and bananas were used to attract them away from towns. Electric walls and road barriers（障碍物）drove them toward safer routes. These measures involved tens of thousands of people at a cost equal to hundreds of thousands of dollars.

In a year torn by climate change, struggle, and COVID-19, some might be doubtful about this practice. They might say the same about searching for an undiscovered species of frog on never before climbed mountains，or building new museums, or protecting the Great Wall.

But reserving our natural and human heritage（遗产）is about encouraging good in the world. We need wildlife and ancient heritage, just as we need health and peace. They're the background against which our lives take place, and they help us make sense of our own stories. They provide the context for our existence. They're our past, present, and future. It's not a zero-sum game, anyway. We can protect elephants and develop vaccines at the same time. The year 2021 is proof of that.

Although it's still not clear why the elephants left in the first place, one theory is that as their numbers in Yunnan Province have increased, the animals have needed to expand their space. That could be considered good news for this endangered species. But the story of the elephants' long walk proves something else too: that the world we created and the world nature created are certainly connected, for better or for worse.

32. What might be the possible factor for the elephants heading north?

A. Seeking larger homeland.          B. Destroyed and polluted living area.

C. Searching for more food.          D. The risk of being attacked by human.

33. The officers can't just tranquilize and transport elephants back home mainly because ________.

A. it is time-wasting                   B. it requires skilled workforce

C. it puts elephants at risk              D. it involves hundreds of thousands of dollars

34. In paragraph 5, the example of frogs is used to illustrate some people's idea that ________.

A. keeping elephants safe is not as valuable as protecting human heritages

B. searching for undiscovered frogs is not as important as keeping elephants safe

C. it is still under discussion whether we should search for undiscovered frogs

D. it is wasteful to spend time and energy reserving natural and human heritages

35. What is the best title of this passage?

A. Asian elephants' journey—an alarming warning         B. Keeping natural heritage-a zero—sum game

C. Protecting wildlife—the cause of great loss             D. Human and nature—a connected community

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

If 2021 was the wake up call, then 2022 is the year of taking the urgent action needed to deal with climate change.    36    They have brought immediate action to the top of the world's schedule.

Activists and campaigners everywhere continue to be frustrated（使... 沮丧）by the lack of action from world leaders and corporations.    37    To help make tackling climate change our top priority in 2022, here are some unique ways we can help defend the planet this year—and we can start right now!

1. Support Sustainable（可持续的）Fashion

The fashion industry is one of the biggest contributors to pollution, making up 20% of global industrial water pollution, as well as being a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）—according to the World Economic Forum, it produces 10% of all humanity's carbon emissions, as well as being the second-largest user of the world's water supply.

Sustainable fashion, meanwhile, is clothing that is made from environmentally-friendly materials.    38    Supporting sustainable fashion can seem like the more costly option, but the environmental cost of fast fashion is vast-and there are lots of affordable ways to support sustainable fashion.

2. Make an Event Out of Planting Trees

A fully-grown tree absorbs 48 pounds of carbon dioxide per year. Trees contribute much to cleaning the air.     39    Whether it's putting “plant a tree” on your wish list for 2022, or planting trees for your birthday celebration, go for it. Get your friends and family involved; it will be fun. Normalizing planting trees as part of our human activity is a great way to fight climate change.

3. Follow a More Plant-Based Diet

Going plant-based is a fashion that has really picked up over the last few years, and one of the simplest ways you can help deal with climate change this year is by following a more plant-based diet, or making plant-based choices. Research shows that a global shift to a more plant-based diet could reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases by 70% by 2050.    40    

A. They are also a great way to prevent flooding.

B. These trees form a natural protection from the sun.

C. Besides, it is also a healthier alternative for your body.

D. As a result, meat and milk products demand more resources.

E. We can do our part in daily life to cut our own carbon footprints, though.

F. It is harmless in the making process, and uses natural resources responsibly.

G. The past year has witnessed extreme weather events and rapidly changing weather pattern

第三部分  语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

It took humans thousands of years to understand our own planet, and centuries   41   our neighboring planets. Nowadays, new worlds are being   42   every week.

Up to the present time, astronomers have   43   more than 370 “exoplanets”—planets orbiting（绕...运动）outer space stars（恒星）other than our sun. There is a “hot Saturn（土星）” 260 light-years from Earth that orbits its parent star so   44   that a year there lasts less than three days.   45   another star 150 light-years out is a burning “hot Jupiter（木星）,” where upper atmosphere（大气层）is being burning to form a huge comet-like tail. Astronomers have found another three   46   orbiting a pulsar（脉冲星）—the remains of a once huge star shrinking（收缩）into a small atomic nucleus the   47   of a city. Some planets have obviously fallen into their suns. Others have been thrown out of their   48   to become “floaters” that float in the darkness of the universe.

Among all these, scientists are eager to find a clue of the   49   : planets like the Earth. That is, planets orbiting their stars at just the right distance—neither too hot nor too cold—to   50   life as we know it. We have not yet found planets that are quite like our own,   51   because they' re inconspicuous（不起眼的）. To see a planet as   52   and slim as ours among the brightness of its star is like trying to see a firefly in a fireworks display.    53   by pushing technology to the   54   , astronomers are rapidly approaching the day when they can find another Earth. And when they do, they can examine it for   55   of life.

41. A. explore            B. separate            C. forget             D. defend

42. A. revised            B. discovered          C. saved              D. created

43. A. travelled           B. damaged           C. recognized          D. ignored

44. A. slowly             B. easily             C. wrongly            D. rapidly

45. A. Removing          B. Circling           C. Lighting             D. Showing

46. A. stars               B. moons            C. planets              D. satellites

47. A. type               B. distance           C. power               D. size

48. A. authorities          B. species            C. systems             D. facilities

49. A. familiar            B. previous           C. unknown            D. distant

50. A. hide               B. discover           C. injure               D. support

51. A. luckily             B. instantly           C. probably            D. officially

52. A. small              B. bright             C. blue                D. clear

53. A. And               B. Yet               C. So                  D. Thus

54. A. limits              B. ends              C. opposites            D. beginnings

55. A. examples           B. designs            C. means              D. Signs

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Late last night 38-year-old David Klein was sent to prison for cybercrime. Over the course of a few months, Klein had cheated dozens of   56   （youth）out of their money over the Internet.

One of the victims was 15-year-old Todd Jones of Washington, DC. In a chat room, Todd started talking to someone   57   （say） he was a 13-year-old middle school student in Texas named Josh. For several weeks, they chatted online about their hobbies and schools. “He seemed   58   a great guy,” said Todd.

Then Josh started telling Todd about his family. He said that his father had lost his job and his grandmother was very ill and there was no money   59   （pay） for the treatment and medicine she needed. He was worried that he would have to get a part-time job to help his family pay bills. He wondered if Todd could help. “I felt really sorry for him,” explained Todd. “   60   （want） to help my new friend, I agreed to send him some money. I really thought I was doing a good thing.” Josh gave Todd his account and Todd sent him $50.

Two weeks later, Josh requested Todd   61   （help） pay $100 for a new bicycle. Josh said that he really needed it to go to school. Again, Todd gave him   62   money. Over the next month, Josh asked Todd for money five times, for a total of $300. “I wanted to help him as much as I could,” said Todd. “But I was starting to think   63   was a bit strange that a friend I had met in a chat room would ask me for so much money.”

Todd   64   （final） told his parents about what was happening. When his family heard, they decided to talk to Bob Howard, a cybercrime specialist at the police department. After days of investigation, Howard discovered that Todd's chat room friend was not 13-year-old Josh from Texas   65   38-year-old David Klein from New York. “I was shocked,” said Todd. “I thought I knew who I had been talking to.”

第四部分  翻译（满分20分）

阅读下面短文，将汉语部分翻译为英文。

We can try our best to reduce the damage of Natural disasters to the slightest degree. As a dad, we can        66        （移动餐桌来抵住门，以防洪水把门撞开）. As a teacher, we can signal to our students to exit at the best time in an orderly line in an earthquake. However, many a time,        67        （面对自然灾害，我们没有办法确保自身安然无恙）. Just as what happened to Pompeii when the terrible volcano erupted.

All of a sudden,        68        （人们感觉大地在自己的脚下颤抖）. Beyond in the distance, they heard the crash of falling roofs. A moment later, the mountain-cloud seemed to roll towards them, dark and rapid, like a river; at the same time,        69        （那致命的火山喷射出阵阵火山灰和块块燃烧着的岩石）!

Each turned to fly—each running, pressing, pushing against the other. Each hurried blindly and fearfully on.        70        （就这样地震爆发了，就这样庞贝城里所有的生命也终结了）

Respect nature, protect nature and cherish nature. This is the very attitude we should have towards nature!

第五部分  写作（满分20分）

假如你是高一（4）班学生李华，你班疫情期间举行了主题是“健康居家”的班会活动。请你为校英文网站写一篇报道，内容包括：

1. 活动目的；

2. 具体内容；

3. 活动反响。

注意：

1. 词数80左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。