中考英语被动语态精讲课件

这是一份中考英语被动语态精讲课件，共25页。PPT课件主要包含了被动语态，被动语态的结构，用被动语态的情况，被动语态练习真题，were put，主动语态变被动语态，被动语态特殊情况，被动语态专项练习，被动语态思维导图，“主+谓+宾”结构等内容，欢迎下载使用。

定义：表示主语是动作的承受者。（当句子的主语是动作的执行者时,谓语的形式是主动语态。 ）
We make a cake.主语 谓语 宾语A cake is made by us.主语 谓语 宾语
注意：不及物动词没有被动语态，如happen、die、disappear等。
被动语态的结构：be + dne（过去分词）
was/were dne
are/am/is dne
will/shall be dne
was/were being dne
had been dne
wuld be dne
have/has been dne
情态动词+be dne
一、动作的施行者是谁没有必要告知。
翻译。我的自行车昨晚被人偷了。
My bike was stlen last night.
二、只强调动作的承受者，而不知或不强调动作的执行者。
翻译。我们不知道谁将被送往那里。
We dn’t knw wh will be sent there.
按要求改写句子，每空一词。1. Jenny put her clthes in the suitcase yesterday evening. (改为被动语态) Her clthes ________ ________ in the suitcase yesterday evening.2. Mm pened the windw just nw. (改为被动语态) The windw ________ ________ ________ Mm just nw.3. They have given a lt f help t the hmeless in the earthquake. (改为被动语态) A lt f help ________ ________ ________ t the hmeless in the earthquake by them.
was pened by
has been given
完成句子，每空一词。你认为学生们应该被允许做出自己的决定吗? D yu think students ________ ________ ________ t make their wn decisins?2.这些书籍将捐赠给山区的孩子们。The bks ________ ________ ________ t the children in the muntains.
shuld be allwed
will be dnated
将主动语态变为被动语态时，按以下步骤：以：My mther is cleaning the windw. 为例。把主动语态的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语。 The windw…2. 观察主动语态句子的时态，把主动语态的谓语动词变成“be+过去分词”形式。 is cleaning ----is/are/am being cleaned3. 判断被动语态的主语单复数，再对谓语be dne形式进行相应的变形。 主语The windw是单数，所以用is being cleaned。4. 把主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，注意人称变为宾格形式。（可省略） The windw is being cleaning by my mther.
It’s yur turn.
They will invent sme famus actrs.My father is mending my bike nw.We must finish ur hmewrk first.My mther cked sme delicius fd yesterday.Ms. Li waters the flwers every day.
Sme famus actrs will be invented by them.
My bike is being mended by my father nw.
Our hmewrk must be finished first.
Sme delicius fd was cked by my mther yesterday.
The flwers are watered by Ms. Li every day.
除了不及物动词没有被动语态外，有一些及物动词（如cst、leave、have、hld容纳、cntain包含、lk like看起来像等）表示状态时，也不用被动语态。 This rm can hld 20 peple.含有双宾语的主动句变为被动语态时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动。 (一般变间接宾语为主语的情况较多） My father made me a plane n my birthday. I was made a plane n my birthday. 当直接宾语（物）变为主语时，间接宾语（人）前根据需要加上t，fr等介词。 A plane was made fr me n my birthday.
直接宾语变为主语时，需在间接宾语前加介词t的常用动词：bring、give、hand、lend、ffer、pass、pay、prmise、sell、shw、take、teach、tell等。My bk was lent t my desk mate.A famus picture will be shwn t the children next Sunday.
直接宾语变为主语时，需在间接宾语前加介词fr的常用动词：buy、build、ck、chse、d、fetch、find、fix、get、keep、make、rder、play、sing等。The dishes were cked fr us.This dress was chsen fr me.
3. 含有复合宾语（主谓+宾语+宾补）的主动句变为被动句时，将主动句中的宾语变为主语，宾语补足语保留在谓语动词的后面。The classrm is always kept clean by the students.We were asked t d the hmewrk by ur teachers.
注意：在使役动词（let、make、have）、感官动词（ see, watch, hear, ntice, lk at, hear、listen t, feel ）等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带 t，但改成被动语态后需还原t，这时不定式为主语补足语。(还原t）My mum make me clean the rm---I was made t clean the rm.I saw a man enter the rm.--A man was sawn t enter the rm.
See/hear sb. ding sth.或have sth. dne结构中，变为被动句时，ding形式或dne不变。
4. 由动词+介词或副词构成的短语动词，变为被动句时，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。The dctr is perating n the patient. The patient is being perated n.Yu shuld hand in yur hmewrk. Yur hmewrk shuld be handed in.
常用的“不及物动词+介词”的短语：agree t、ask fr、laugh at、perated n、listen t、lk after、think f、talk abut等。
常用的“不及物动词+副词”的短语：bring abut、find ut、give up、hand in、lk up、pass n、put away、put ff、turn dwn、wrk ut、turn ut 等。
5. 含有“动词+名词+介词”结构的谓语，变为被动句时，动词后的名词和介词后的名词都可作主语。 We paid attentin t the disease. （改为被动语态） Attentin was paid t the disease. The disease was paid attentin t by us.
常用的类似词组：pay attentin t、keep an eye n、take care f、make use f等。
5. 以 wh 为主语开头的疑问句，变被动语态时，用by whm放在句首。Wh tk the ckie frm the ckie jar?By whm was the ckie taken frm the ckie jar?
6. 主动形式表示被动意义。1）感官动词（feel、seem、sund、taste、lk）和一些系动词构成的系表结构。The silk feels sft.The flwers smell nice.
2）某些即是及物动词，也是不及物动词的行为动词后加副词，表示物品的品质或性能时，也可以主动形式表示被动意义。This kind f clth sells well.
6. 主动形式表示被动意义。
3）在want、need、require、deserve、stand、wn’t bear、wrth等词的后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。This nvel is wrth reading. 这本小说值得一读。My bike needs repairing. 我的自行车需要修理一下。
若动名词是不及物动词，应加上适当的介词。The pr children need taking care f.这些可怜的孩子需要照顾。
7. 一些常见的不出现主语的被动语态句型。It is said that … 据说……lt is reprted that … 据报道……lt is suppsed that … 据推测……It is hped that ... （人们）希望……It is well knwn that ... 众所周知……lt is generally cnsidered that … 普遍认为……lt is suggested that … （人们）建议……
1. The bks ____ fr tw weeks.A. may be keptB. may keepC. brrw D. are brrwed
2. Susan, d yur hmewrk quickly. We'll g fr a picnic as sn as yur hmewrk ____.A. finishes B. will finishC. is finishedD. will be finished
3. This kind f bk sells well and ____ ut in this bkshp.A. is sldB. sellsC. sldD. are sld4. The cmputer needs ____. I think I need ____ t ask Mr. Zhang fr help.A. fixing; gingB. t fix; gingC. fixing; t gD. t fix; t g
5. -The wrk ____ in tw hurs. -N prblem. Let's d it nw.A. shuld have finished B. must be finishedC. must finish6. -What's wrng with yur grandpa's flwer? -Mst plants require regularly ____.A. t waterB. wateringC. t be water
7. Mr Jacksn has n idea ____.A. when was telephne inventedB. when telephne inventedC. when telephne was inventedD. when telephne is invented8. An imprtant reprt abut English study ____ in the Wrker's Palace next week. Wuld yu like t jin us?A. will be givenB. will giveC. wuld be givenD. wuld give
9. I fund that the wrds we shuld pay attentin t ____ dwn.A. writingB. writeC. were writtenD. being written10. The English Festival ____ every tw years in ur schl.A. is taken placeB. is taking placeC. takes placeD. hlds
“主+谓+间宾+直宾”结构
“主+谓+宾+宾补”结构
主动语态变被动语态的注意事项
直接宾语变为主语时，需在间接宾语前加t、fr等介词
宾语补足语保留在谓语动词的后面还原不定式符号t
常见时态和含情态动词的被动语态结构
常见的不出现主语的被动语态句型