2022年中考英语一轮复习之中考题型单项选择

中考题型一　单项选择
§1.基础语法

(一)名词


近两年河北及全国对名词的测试，重点考查名词的词义辨析和语义识别。名词所有格形式一直是中考热点。名词在中考中所占分数不多，一般为2—4分，占全卷分数的2%左右，题型多为填空题、选择题。随着“淡化语法，注重语言运用和交际”这个理念被广泛认同，预计2015年中考对名词的考查仍会呈上升趋势。
2011—2014年河北中考试题分析表
名词



年份
题号
题型
分值
2011
30，52，82
单项选择，完形填空，

词语运用
3


2012
30，53，55，85
单项选择，完形填空，

词语运用
4


2013
29，49，50，51
单项选择，完形填空，

词语应用
4


2014
30，50，55，81
单项选择，完形填空，

词语应用
4





可数名词
不可数名词

分单、复数两种形式
desk→desks；

bus→buses
没有复数形式
tea；
meat


前面可用基数词、不定冠词修饰
three boys；

an orange
不可以被基数词或不定冠词直接修饰，若表示数量可用“单位词＋不可数名词”
a piece of paper；
two cups of tea


可数名词的复数前可用many，some，any修饰
many

teachers；


some friends
可用much，

some，any修饰
much

bread；some


milk


【特例清单】
有些名词既是可数名词，又是不可数名词，但意义有所不同。如：
work(工作)—a work(著作)
glass(玻璃)—a glass(玻璃杯)
paper(纸)—a paper(报纸；文件；试卷)
wood(木头)—a wood(小树林)
room(空间)—a room(房间)
chicken(鸡肉)—a chicken(小鸡)
fish(鱼肉)—fishes(各种各样的鱼)
orange(橘子汁)—an orange(橘子)
【经典再现】
1．The student didn't find much __C__ about the topic on that website.(2014，河北邢台市一模)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．report B．article
C．information D．story
2．If you go to visit London，don't forget your __D__ because it rains a lot.(2014，唐山路南区一模)
A．passport B．money
C．map D．umbrella
3．—Can I help you，sir?
—I'd like to have 100 __B__．I want my students to draw pictures.(2014，河北初中毕业升学模拟二)
A．piece of paper B．pieces of paper
C．pieces of papers D．pieces paper
4．—Could you please move over a little and make some __C__ for me?
—Sure，please.(2014，滦南县一模)
A．place B．seat
C．room D．ground
5．The old man can't hear us well because there's something wrong with his __A__．(2014，淮安)
A．ears B．nose C．mouth D．eyes
6．The boy didn't sleep well last night because of the __B__from the factory.(2014，平凉)
A．voice B．noise C．music D．song
7．—Could you tell me something about the boy who helped you just now？(2014，秦皇岛二模)
—Sorry，I know nothing about him.We are __D__．
A．friends B．neighbors
C．classmates D．strangers
8．—How many __C__ would you like?
—Two，please.I have a friend here.(2014，河北预测卷(二))
A．cup of tea B．cup of teas
C．cups of tea D．cups of teas
9．Lee is new in China，a __D__ will be helpful for his tour.(2014，保定市毕业考试)
A．notebook B. ticket
C．watch D．map
10．—Oh, a nice photo! Is this your uncle's child?
—Yes, it is my __D__．(2014，陕西)
A．sister B．brother C．daughter D．cousin

情况
构成方法
例词
一般情况
加­s
cap→caps；dog→dogs；
driver→drivers


以字母s，sh，ch，x等结尾
加­es
bus→buses；wish→wishes；watch→watches；box→boxes
以辅音字母＋y结尾
变y为i再加­es
lady→ladies；
family→families；


story→stories


以f或fe结尾
变f/fe为v，再加­es
leaf→leaves；life→lives；
knife→knives


以o结尾
o前为辅音音素加­es；o前为元音音素加­s
tomato→tomatoes；hero→heroes；radio→radios；zoo→zoos；photo→photos；piano→pianos
复合名词


将后一个词变为复数
tooth­brush→tooth­brushes

两部分都变复数
man doctor→men doctors

特殊名词


改变内部元音
foot→feet；tooth→teeth；

man→men；mouse→mice


词尾加­ren
child→children

单复数同形
Chinese→Chinese；

sheep→sheep；deer→deer


【特例清单】
1．“数词＋名词＋形容词”构成的复合形容词，中间的名词须用单数形式。如：
a ten­story­high building一幢10层高的楼房
a 100­meter race一场百米赛跑
2．以­s结尾的名词，有的作单数使用，有的作复数使用。
(1)以­s结尾的学科类名词，一般是不可数名词。如：maths，physics，politics等。
(2)表示由两部分构成的物体的名词，形式上可数，若表达具体数目时，要借助数量词pair来表示，其单复数形式取决于pair的单复数形式。如：a pair of trousers。
(3)以复数形式出现的书名、剧名、报纸、杂志名词，看作单数名词。如：the New York Times(《纽约时报》)；the Arabian Nights(《一千零一夜》)。
(4)以­s结尾的表示国家、组织或公司名称的专有名词，通常被看做单数。如：the United States(美利坚合众国)；the United Nations(联合国)。
(5)以­s结尾的表示群岛、山脉、瀑布等自然景观的专有名词，通常被看做复数。如：the Olympic Games(奥林匹克运动会)。
【经典在现】
11．Little Mike's mother was proud of him because he drew plenty of __D__ and one of them won the top prize last year.(2014，哈尔滨)
A．paint B．painting
C．paintinges D．paintings
12．—Would you like some __C__？
—Oh，yes，just a little.(2014，张家口市一模)
A．pears B．oranges
C．milk D．grape
13．Living in the city has many __A__ such as good schools，big shopping centres and so on.(2014，河北预测卷一)
A．advantages B．activities
C．difficulties D．communication
14．The students of Grade 7 visited Mike's farm and saw many __C__ there.(2014，河北预测卷二)
A．bird B．duck C．sheep D．rabbit
15．—We know that African wild elephants are in __D__now.(2014，河北预测卷七)
—So we must take actions to protect them.
A．safety B．mystery
C．secret D．danger
16．—Lily, let's make vegetable salad.
—How many __A__do we need？(2014，贵阳)
A．tomatoes B．oranges
C．potato D．tomatos
17．Could you teach me how to use these __B__ to cut the food，Uncle？(2013，唐山路北区二模)
A．glass B．knives C．pens D．fruit
18．Now people pay more attention to the safety of __A__.Everyone wants to eat healthily.(2013，石家庄初中毕业质检题)
A．food B．clothes
C．buildings D．travels
19．Waiter，I just would like several __B__．Please be in a hurry.(2013，河北初中毕业升学押题卷)
A．orange B．apples C．bread D．milk
20．There are fifty __D__ in our school. They are all friendly to us.(2014，安顺)
A．woman teachers B．women teacher
C．woman teacher D．women teachers

类型
构成方法
例子
有生命的名词(人或动物)


在词尾加's
Tom's book；

the dog's ears


以s，es结尾的复数名词只加'
the students' desks；

the teachers' office


不以(e)s结尾的复数名词加's
men's clothes；Children's Day；Women's Day

无生命的名词


时间、世界、国家、城市等
一般在词尾加's
China's capital；the world's population；today's news
其他
一般用of结构
the door of the room；a map of the world
【特例清单】
1．用and连接两个并列名词的所有格：
(1)当and连接的两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系时，只在最后一个名词后加's。如：
Mary and her sister's bedroom玛丽和她姐姐共有的卧室
(2)当and连接的两个并列名词表示分别拥有各自的物品时，两个名词都在词尾加's表示所有关系。如：
Tom's and Mary's bags 汤姆和玛丽他们各自的包
2．表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时，常在表示职业的名词或姓氏后加上's代表场所。如：
a tailor's裁缝铺；a doctor's诊所；my sister's我姐姐的家；Chaplin's卓别林的家
【经典在现】
21．__B__ brother is at the top of the mountain.He is waving his hand.(2014，张家口市一模)
A．Lucy and lily B．Lucy and Lily's
C．Lucy's and Lily D．Lucy's and Lily's
22．I'll pay a __B__ visit to London this summer vacation.How about you？(2014，唐山路北区)
A．five days B．five­day
C．five­day's D．five­days'
23．My house is about 25 __C__ drive from the airport.(2014，石家庄长安区质检)
A．minutes B．minute
C．minutes' D．minute's
24．The prices of __D__ shoes run from $30 to $90.(2013，石家庄)
A．man B．man's
C．men D．men's
25．—Dave，is this your English textbook?
—No，it isn't mine.Maybe it's __A__．(2013，邢台市一模)
A．Jim's B．he
C．him D．Jim
26．In a few __B__ time，the whole mountain will be covered with green grass.(2013，廊坊广阳二模)
A．year B．years' C．year's D．years
27．I will have a __D__ trip next week.(2013，唐山丰南区二模)
A．five days B．five­day's
C．five day's D．five­day
28．I don't think cooking is just __C__ work.(2013，沧州一模)
A．mother's B．mothers's
C．mothers' D．mothers
29．Everyone __C__ have at least eight ______ sleep at night.(2013，衡水五校联考二模)
A．need；hour's B．need to；hours'
C．needs to；hours' D．needs；hours'
30．__C__ mothers both work in the same hospital.(2013，唐山市路南区一模)
A．Tim and Peter's B．Tim's and Peter
C．Tim's and Peter's D．Tim and Peter
(二)冠词

纵观近五年的河北中考，每一年在单项选择题中都有至少一题考查的是冠词的用法。其考查重点集中在表示特指和表示类别的定冠词和不定冠词的用法上。对零冠词的考查主要以固定短语的形式出现。预计2015年河北中考对冠词的考查与往年区别不大。
2011—2014年河北中考试题分析表
冠词



年份
题号
题型
分值
2011
26
单项选择
1
2012
26
单项选择
1
2013
26
单项选择
1
2014
26
单项选择
1


用法
例子
1.a用在辅音音素前，an用在元音音素前。
This is a useful book.
He is an honest boy.

2.用于第一次提到的、表示人或物的可数单数名词前，表示“一个”，相当于one。
Here is a map of the United States.
续表：
3.用在可数的、单数形式的普通名词前，表示价格、速度、时间、频率等度量上的“每一”等。
An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
We take computer lessons once a week.
4.抽象名词在某些情况下可以与不定冠词连用，表示“一种、一场”等。
It's a pleasure to have a chat with you.
5.用在单数名词前，表示一类人或物中的任何一个。
A knife is used for cutting.
6.用在序数词前表示“又一、再一”等。
He copied the article a third time.
7.用于固定短语中。
have a look，a lot of，have a good time，a few
【特例清单】
1．有些单词虽然是以辅音字母开头，但使用不定冠词an。如：hour和honest以辅音字母h开头，但h并不发音，因此用an。
2．有些单词虽然是以元音字母开头，但使用不定冠词a。如：useful和university以元音字母u开头，但u发/ju/音，故使用a。
3．表示成套的东西时，两个并列的名词前只能用一个不定冠词。如：
a knife and fork一套刀叉
a table and chair一套桌椅
【经典再现】
1．__C__ old man in front of Tom is ______ artist.(2014，滦县一模)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．An；an B．A；the C．The；an D．The；a
2．There is __B__ new magazine on the desk.(2014，唐山路北区一模)
A．the B．a C．an D．/
3．He's such __B__ honest boy that everyone likes him.(2014，定兴县一模)
A．a B．an C．the D．/
4．—How was your weekend in Baoding?
—The restaurants in Baoding are really nice.I had __A__ wonderful time.(2014，保定市毕业试题)
A．a B．an C．the D．/
5．There is __C__ apple tree in my garden.It's over 20 years old.(2014，石家庄十八县市联考)
A．the B．a C．an D．/
6．My mother is good at cooking and she is __A__ wonderful cook.(2014，邯郸市二模)
A．a B．an C．the D．/
7．How many minutes are there in __B__ hour？(2014，定州市一模)
A．a B．an C．the D．/
8．The old woman with __A__ orange hat is my grandmother.(2014，河北初中毕业预测卷二)
A．an B．the C．a D．/
9．We judge __B__ person not by what he says but by what he does.(2014，河北初中毕业预测)
A．an B．a C．/ D．the
10．Lee Min­ho is __C__ actor from South Korea. He sang ______ Chinese pop song on the 2014 CCTV New Year's Gala.(2014，连云港)
A．the；an B．/; the C．an；a D．a; /


用法
例子
1.用于谈话双方都清楚的名词前，表示特指。
Tom，come to the blackboard，please.
2.用于再次被提到的名词前。
There is a book on the desk.
The book is Tom's.
3.和一些名词连用，表示类别。
The light bulb was invented by Edison.
4.用于被形容词、介词短语或定语从句修饰的名词前。
Hand me the new book，please.
5.用于形容词的最高级或序数词前。
Tom is the tallest in our class.
6.用在世界上独一无二的事物或乐器前。
the sun，the moon，
play the piano
7.用于姓氏的复数前表示“一家人”或“夫妇”。
The Greens are at breakfast table.
8.与某些形容词连用表示一类人或事物。
The young should help the old.
9.用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
the Great Wall，the United States
10.用于一些固定短语中。
by the way，in the end
【经典再现】
11．This novel can make you laugh and cry at __C__ same time.(唐山路南一模)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．a B．an C．the D．/
12．This is __D__ way I've told you.(2014，邢台市一模)
A．an B．a C．/ D．the
13．I like the picture very much because __C__ colors match well.(2014，石家庄新华区质检)
A．a B．an C．the D．/
14．—How do you feel about __A__ book with green cover?
—It's interesting.(2014，张家口市一模)
A．the B．a C．an D．/
15．Few students raised their hands when the teacher asked __C__ question “Who likes grammar？”．(2014，石家庄长安区质检)
A．a B．an C．the D．/
16．Jack bought __B__ useful book. ______ book is also very interesting.(2014，大城县三模)
A．an；The B．a；The C．the；/ D．a；A
17．—Do you know __C__ girl in green?
—She is our monitor.(2013，河北)
A．a B．an C．the D．/
18．My cousin went abroad at __C__age of eighteen.(2014，杭州)
A．a B．an C．the D．/
19．He began to play __C__ violin at the age of five.(2013，河北初中毕业升学押题卷)
A．a B．an C．the D．/
20．__B__ man riding a motorbike is ______ university teacher.(2013，唐山市路南区一模)
A．A；an B．The；a C．The；an D．A；the


用法
例子
1.在专有名词或不可数名词前。
Paper is made of wood.
2.名词前有指示代词、物主代词或不定代词作定语。
Go along this road.
Every student likes English in our class.
3.复数名词表示一类人或事物时。
My parents are teachers.
4.在节日、日期、月份、季节前。
Today is Children's Day.
It's hot in summer.
5.在一日三餐、球类运动、学科的名词前。
He went to school without breakfast.
Let's play football after school.
6.在某些固定短语中。
in bed，in hospital，on foot
【特例清单】
1．如果三餐名词之前有定语修饰时，可加不定冠词。如：
We had a wonderful lunch.
2．如果季节、月份或日期名词被一个限定词修饰时，前面可加定冠词。如：
He came to Beijing in the winter of 1999.
3．由festival组成的中国特有的节日前要加定冠词the。如：
the Spring Festival春节
the Lantern Festival元宵节
4．某些短语中有无冠词the，意义会大不相同。如：
(1)go to school去上学；go to the school到(所指的)学校去
(2)at table用餐，在吃饭；at the table在桌边
(3)in hospital生病住院；in the hospital在医院里(并非生病住院)
(4)in front of在……前面(范围之外)；in the front of在……前部(范围之内)
(5)by sea(＝by ship)乘船，走水路；by the sea在海边
(6)in class在上课；in the class在班上
(7)in place of替代；in the place of在……地方
【经典再现】
21．—What __B__ cold weather!
—Yes.But it's ______ unusual experience for us who always live in a hot place.(2014，秦皇岛市海港区二模)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．/；a B．/；an C．an；/ D．a；an
22．My cousin was good at playing __D__ chess.(2014，石家庄28中质检)
A．a B．an C．the D．/
23．We all like to go swimming in __D__ summer.(2013，廊坊广阳二模)
A．a B．an C．the D．/
24．__B__ children in our neighborhood have ______ good time on ______ Children's Day.(2014，河北方舟预测卷一)
A．/；a；the B．The；a；/
C．a；the；/ D．/；/；the
25．The Whites often go to __A__ church on Saturdays and go to ______ cinema on Sundays.(2014，河北预测卷五)
A．/；the B．the；the C．the；/ D．/；/
26．Hurry up！If we miss __C__ last bus，we'll have to go home by ______ taxi.(2014，河北预测卷三)
A．the；the B．the；a C．the；/ D．a；/
27．—Let's play __A__ soccer.
—I don't have ______ soccer ball.(2013，宜宾)
A．/；a B．the；a C．a；the D．/；the
28．—What do you usually have for __D__ breakfast?
—A piece of bread and ______ egg.(2013，天津)
A．a；an B．/；the C．a；the D．/；an
29．I think it's really __D__ hard work for me to finish the job in twenty minutes.(2013，杭州)
A．a B．an C．the D．/
30．—Would you like to come to my party this afternoon?
—I'd like to, but my mother is ill in __D__ hospital, I will go to ______ hospital to see her.
A．/；a B．a；the C．the；the D．/；the
(三)代词

近几年河北及全国中考对代词的考查重点是不定代词、物主代词、反身代词和关系代词。代词在中考中所占的分数不多，一般为2—4分，占全卷总分数的2%左右。题型多为单项选择、词语运用和完形填空等。预计2015年河北中考对代词的考查仍以不定代词和人称代词为主，继续贯彻“交际性原则”，语境将会变得复杂，从而考查学生对语言的使用能力。
2011—2014年河北中考试题分析表

代词



年份
题号
题型
分值
2011
27，43，81
单项选择，词语运用
3
2012
27，34
单项选择
2
2013
27，30，54
单项选择，完形填空
3
2014
27，29，53
单项选择，完形填空
3



人称




单数
复数



主格
宾格
主格
宾格

第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
第三人称
he，she，it
him，her，it
they
them
【特例清单】
1．人称代词的排列顺序分三种情况：
复数人称按照we→you→they；单数人称按照you→he/she→I；第三人称男女并用时按照he→she。
2．在包含双宾语的句子中，如果直接宾语是人称代词it或them，间接宾语要放在直接宾语的后面。如：
Please pass it to me.(不能说Please pass me it.)
3．Let's和let us用法不完全相同：
Let's是let us的缩写形式，多用来表示劝告或建议，包括谈话的双方；而let us则不包括对方。另外，let's的反意疑问句用shall we来反问，let us的反意疑问句则用will you来反问。
4．代词it的用法
(1)用来代替上文中提到的特定事物，可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词。如：
Your father has bought you a new computer.Do you like it?
(2)当说话人对所涉及的人的身份、姓名不清楚或看不出来、听不出来时，常用it来代替和当时某一事物、某动作有关的那个人。如：
There was a knock at the door.“Who is it？”Mother came to the door and asked.
(3)为了保持句子的平衡，可以用it来代替动词不定式，在句子中作形式主语或形式宾语。如：
It's very interesting to swim in the river.
【经典再现】
1．I'm talking to you，Jack.Please listen to __A__ carefully.(2014，唐山路南区一模)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．me B．mine
C．you D．yours
2．Aunt Tina will visit us soon. __B__ is arriving tomorrow morning.(2014，重庆)
A．He B．She C．His D．Her
3．I hear Mr Smith will teach __D__ English next term.(2014，秦皇岛市二模)
A．we B．our C．ours D．us
4．Danny will invite my friends and __C__ to his birthday party next Sunday.(2014，邯郸市二模)
A．I B．my C．me D．mine
5．I have some news for __C__．______ is good news.(2014，河北中考预测卷三)
A．your；It B．your；They
C．you；It D．you；They
6．—Susan, go and join your sister in cleaning the yard.
—Why __C__？ John is sitting there doing nothing at all.(2014，黄冈)
A．I B．myself C．me D．mine
7．My parents give __B__ some old pictures that brought back sweet memories.(2014，河北省教研实模拟卷一)
A．I B．me C．my D．mine
8．This morning Diana invited __C__ to ______ birthday party.(2014，河北省教研室模拟)
A．I；her B．I；hers C．me；her D．me；hers
9．The best and most beautiful things cannot be seen.__B__ must be felt with heart.(2013，唐山路北区二模)
A．You B．They C．It D．I
10．You look like your twin sister.I can't tell the difference between you and __C__．(2014，河北初中毕业升学押题卷〈蓝〉)
A．she B．him C．her D．herself


种类






单数
复数





第一
人称
第二
人称
第三
人称
第一
人称
第二
人称
第三
人称

形容
词性
my
your
his/her
/its
our
your
their
名词性
mine
yours
his/hers
/its
ours
yours
theirs
【特例清单】
1．his和its既可以作形容词性物主代词，又可以作名词性物主代词。如：
My computer is new and his is old.
2．名词性物主代词常与介词of连用，构成名词所有格。如：
some friends of mine我的一些朋友
【经典再现】
11．Her room is beautiful.But I don't think her room is bigger than __A__．(2014，滦南县一模)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．mine B．me C．I D．my
12．Our school library is a lot better than __D__．(2014，张家口市二模)
A．they B．their C．them D．theirs
13．I know __A__ favourite subject is physics.(2014，石家庄长安区质检)
A．his B．he C．he's D．him
14．Are there any differences between your ideas and __D__？(2014，石家庄十八县市大联考)
A．he B．him C．her D．his
15．—Who taught __C__ Chinese，Ferry?
—______ classmates.They helped me a lot.(2014，河北中考预测卷一)
A．your；My B．you；Mine
C．you；My D．your；I
16．Can I borrow your pen？I can't find __D__．(2014，河北中考预测卷)
A．my B．me C．myself D．mine
17．—Mike，is that new bike __C__？
—Yes.My mother bought it for me yesterday.(2014，河北省教研室模拟卷五)
A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself
18．It is a good habit of __D__ to read a few lines before going to bed.(2013，河北)
A．I B．me C．my D．mine
19．This is not Mary's book. __C__ is over there.(2013，邯郸一模)
A．She B．Her C．Hers D．Herself
20．—How do you like their school?
—It's really beautiful.But I don't think it is as big as __D__．(2013，石家庄十八县大联考)
A．us B．we C．our D．ours


人称
单数
复数
第一人称
myself
ourselves
第二人称
yourself
yourselves
第三人称
himself/herself/itself
themselves
【特例清单】
by oneself(亲自)　　　for oneself(为自己)
call oneself(称自己) teach oneself(自学)
help oneself to sth(随便吃)
lose oneself(迷路) enjoy oneself(自得其乐)
【经典再现】
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

21．Henry is old enough to think for __D__．Don't worry about him.(2013，石家庄十八县联考二)
A．myself B．yourself
C．herself D．himself
22．I hope you and your sister Jane will enjoy __D__ at the dancing party.(2014，保定毕业)
A．myself B．yourself
C．herself D．yourselves
23．The man called his professor for help because he couldn't solve the problem by __B__．(2014，河北省教研室模拟卷三)
A．herself B．himself
C．yourself D．themselves
24．—I'll have a tennis game tomorrow.I'm a little bit nervous.(2014，随州)
—Believe in __C__．You're the best in our club.
A．herself B．myself
C．yourself D．himself
25．—Jim，please help __B__ to some bread.
—Thank you.(2013，聊城)
A．you B．yourself C．him D．herself
26.It's very important for us to learn how to learn by __A__．(2013，陕西)
A．ourselves B．itself
C．myself D．themselves
27.Don't worry. We are old enough to look after __D__．(2014，陕西)
A．myself B．me
C．us D．ourselves
28．—My mother and I will have a picnic next Sunday.
—Enjoy __D__．(2012，唐山市丰南区一模)
A．himself B．themselves
C．yourself D．yourselves
29．Don't worry about me.I'm old enough to think for __D__．(2012，河北)
A．himself B．herself
C．yourself D．myself
30．—How was their last weekend?
—Great.They had a picnic in the park and enjoyed __D__．(2012，藁城一模)
A．them B．they
C．their D．themselves


格
指人
指物
指人或物






主格
who谁



宾格
whom谁

what什么
which
哪个，哪些
所有格
whose谁的
whose谁的
whose谁的

【特例清单】
1．疑问代词who作主语时，即使被问者是复数，其谓语动词也通常用单数形式。如：
—Who is coming to have dinner tonight?
—Susan，Linda and Tom.
2．疑问代词what作定语时，意为“什么”，不限制范围；which作定语时，意为“哪(几)个”，指在一定数目中进行选择，限制在一定范围内。如：
What girls do you like best?
Which girls do you like best?
【经典再现】
31．—__A__ is the population of the USA?
—296 million.(2013，石家庄3区联考)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．What B．How many
C．How much D．Which
32．—__C__ model plane is this？(2013，徐州)
—I think it's Jim's.Look，his name is on it.
A．Who B．What
C．Whose D．Where
33．—Can you write to me if you are free?
—No problem.But __C__ is your e­mail address？(2014，廊坊市大城县升学考试)
A．where B．which C．what D．how
34.__D__ are they talking about over there？(2014，唐山路北区一模)
A．Whose B．Where C．Which D．What
35．—__C__ does your new friend look like?
—He is tall with short blond hair and big blue eyes.(2014，河北省教研室模拟卷六)
A．How B．Who C．What D．Where









单数
this
这，这个
that
那，那个




复数
these
这些
those
那些


such这样的人或物
same同样的人或物
【特例清单】
1．在打电话的语境中，常用this和that代替I和you。如：
—Hello！Is that Mrs.White?
—Sorry，Mrs.White isn't here.This is Kate，her daughter.
2．指上文的事情，可以用this，也可以用that替代；指下文的事情，则要用this替代。如：
My bike broke down.This/That is why I was late.
This is my idea.We should start out at once.
【经典再现】
36．—A latest English newspaper，please!
—Only one copy left.Would you like to have __A__，sir？(2014，唐山路北区一模)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．it B．one
C．this D．that
37．—How far is the natural park?
—Oh，__B__ will take over one hour for the car to go there.(2014，石家庄28中三模)
A．this B．it
C．we D．that
38．Cars made in Germany are better than __B__ made in Japan.(2014，邢台市一模)
A．that B．those
C．them D．it
39．What lovely teddy bears！I want to buy __B__．(2013，唐山路北区一模)
A．it B．one
C．this D．that
40．—Bob, can you see the boys over there?
—__A__ are my cousins. Let's go and say hello to them.(2014，兰州)
A．Those B．This
C．That D．These


序号
不定
代词
用法
例句
1



some
用于肯定句或表示请求的疑问句中。
Tom has some story books.
Would you like some milk？

any
一般用于疑问句或否定句中。
Are there any apples on the tree?
There aren't any buses.

2



both
表示“两者都”。
Tom's parents are both doctors.

all
表示“三者或三者以上都”。
All of the books are very interesting.

either
表示“两者中的任何一个”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。
Either of the books is interesting.

neither
表示“两者都不”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。
Neither of his friends has come yet.

3



no one
指人，不能接of短语。
No one would like to go with her.

none
表示否定，可以指人或物，常接of短语。
None of them has been to Beijing.

4



every
表整体概念，只能作定语。不能与of短语连用。表示“每一”。
Every time I go to see him，he is very busy.

each
强调个体，可作主语、宾语和定语等，可以指人或物。可以与of短语连用。表示“每一个”。
Each of you can try twice.

5



many
修饰可数名词复数。
There are many books on the desk.

much
修饰不可数名词。
I have much homework to do.


续表：

序号
不定
代词
用法
例句
6



few
表“否定”，是“几乎没有”的意思，修饰可数名词。
He has few friends here.

a few
表“肯定”，是“有一点”的意思，修饰可数名词。
There are a few apples in the basket.

little
表“否定”，是“几乎没有”的意思，修饰不可数名词。
There is little water in the bottle.

a little
表“肯定”，是“有一点”的意思，修饰不可数名词。
Don't worry.There is a little time left.

7



other
泛指其他的，修饰复数名词。
Do you have any other ideas？

the
other
指“两者中的另一个”。
I have two books.One is Chinese，the other is English.

another
指“三者或以上中的另一个”。
Would you like another cup of tea？

others
泛指其他的人或物。
Some went to the park，others visited the museum.

the
others
特指其余的所有人或物。
Five students in our class are English，the others are Chinese.

【特例清单】
1．不定代词all和not连用时表示部分否定，要译成“不是全部”，不能译成“全都不”、“都不”；表示全部否定要用none。如：
Not all the balls are round.
None of the bread is fresh.
2．both与not连用也表示部分否定，译为“并非两者都”，不可译为“两者都不”；表示全部否定用neither。如：
Both of us are not doctors.
Neither of us is a doctor.
【经典再现】
41．When the girl is happy，she __D__ sings or dances.(2014，石家庄长安区质检)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．any B．neither C．both D．either
42．—Which basketball player do you like best，Kobe，James or Jordan?
—__B__ of them.Lin Shuhao is my favorite.(2014，唐山市路南区一模)
A．All B．None C．Either D．Neither
43．The teachers in that school speak either English or French，or even __B__．(2013，河北定州一模)
A．all B．both C．neither D．none
44．On __B__ sides of the street there are a lot of colorful flowers.(2014，石家庄十八县市大联考)
A．each B．both C．either D．all
45．There are lots of English books here，and __D__ of them is easy to understand.(2014，石家庄28中三模)
A．both B．all C．every D．each
46．The man has collected stamps for several years.He has __B__ stamps from different countries.(2013，保定二模)
A．few B．many C．much D．little
47．—What are you doing here?
—I want to know if there is __C__ sheep eating grass at the foot of the hill.(2013，唐山路北一模)
A．few B．little C．a few D．a little
48．— The cars made in Germany are more expensive than__A__ made in Japan.(2014，呼和浩特)
— Yes, you are right.But they're much better.
A．those B．that C．ones D．it
49．I turned to bookshops and libraries looking for information and found __A__．(2014，武汉)
A．none B．both C．one D．neither
50．—We have coffee and tea.Which do you want to drink?
—I'm afraid __B__．I think apple juice will be OK.(2013，邯郸一模)
A．none B．neither C．either D．both


somebody
某人
anybody
任何人
nobody
没有人
everybody
每个人
someone
某人
anyone
任何人
no one
没有人
everyone
每人
something
某事
anything
任何事
nothing
没有事
everything
每件事
【特例清单】
1．作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
2．当主句的主语是指人的复合不定代词everybody，nobody，anyone等时，其反意疑问句主语通常用代词they；当主句中的主语是指物的复合不定代词everything，anything，nothing，something等时，其反意疑问句的主语通常用代词it。如：
Everybody is here，aren't they?
Everything is ready，isn't it?
3．当形容词或else(另外)修饰复合不定代词something，everything，everyone等时，形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面。如：
Xiao Ming，I have something important to tell you.
We need one more helper.Can you find anyone else?
4．everyone＝everybody，anyone＝anybody，只指人，不能与of短语连用；every one，any one可指人也可指物，一定要与of连用才可以。如：
Is anybody here?
You can take any one of these.
【经典再现】
51．Is there __C__ today's newspaper？(2014，廊坊市大城县升学考试)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．something important on
B．important something on
C．anything important in
D．important anything in
52．The leader is too strict and never praises __D__．(2014，石家庄新华区5月质检)
A．somebody B．someone
C．nobody D．anyone
53．Haze(雾霾) appears around us.Let's do __B__ helpful to protect the environment.(2014，定兴县一模)
A．nothing B．something
C．anything D．a thing
54．You don't have a drink.Can I get you __A__？(2013，河北)
A．something B．anything
C．nothing D．everything
55．Not __C__ online is cheap and good.Sometimes you may be cheated.(2013，保定初中毕业调研)
A．something B．anything
C．everything D．nothing
56．Don't worry about that.__D__ will be OK.(2013，河北初中毕业押题卷〈红〉)
A．Nothing B．Anything
C．Something D．Everything
57．I was looking for a birthday gift for my mother, but I couldn't find __A__ suitable.(2014，南京)
A．anything B．something
C．nothing D．everything
58．—Who helped you clean the bedroom yesterday，Kitty?
—__A__．I cleaned it all by myself.(2013，泰安)
A．Nobody B．Everybody
C．Somebody D．Anybody
59．__A__ is waiting for you at the gate.He wants to say thanks to you.(2014，河北省教研室模拟卷一)
A．Somebody B．Anybody
C．Everybody D．Nobody
60．He thinks himself somebody，but we think him __A__.(2014，河北省教研室模拟四)
A．nobody B．anybody
C．somebody D．everybody
(四)数词

近几年河北及全国对基数词和序数词的考查重点是：序数词的词形变化以及运用的语境。数词在中考中所占分数不多，一般为1—2分，占全卷总分数的1%左右，题型多为词语运用题。预计2015年河北中考将继续把数词的基本用法及拼写作为考查重点。
2011—2014年河北中考试题分析表

数词



年份
题号
题型
分值
2011
55
完形填空
1
2012
81
词语运用
1
2013
85
词语应用
1
2014
82
词语应用
1



one1
two2
three3
four4
five5
six6
seven7
eight8
eleven11
twelve12
thirteen13
fourteen14
fifteen15
sixteen16
seventeen17
eighteen18
twenty­one21
twenty­two22
thirty30
forty40
fifty50
sixty60
seventy70
eighty80
【特例清单】
1．1000以上的基数词的表示方法是：从右向左用分节号“，”分节，每三个数字为一个节，第一个分节号前用thousand，第二个分节号前用million，第三个分节号前用billion。如：2，418，000，000 two billion，four hundred and eighteen million
2．hundred，thousand，million，billion等用在具体的数字后面时不能加­s或of；hundred，thousand，million，billion等前面没有具体的数字时通常加­s或of。如：eight thousand people八千人；
fifty thousand trees五万棵树；
thousands of成千上万的；
millions of数百万
3．“基数词＋单数名词”相当于复合形容词，作名词的定语，用于表示时间、距离等。如：
the 100­metre race 100米赛跑
a ten­minute walk 10分钟的路程
4．“基数词＋more”或“another＋基数词”表示“在原来的基础上增加的数量”。如：
My grandmother will stay in Shanghai for two more weeks.＝My grandmother will stay in Shanghai for another two weeks.我的奶奶将在上海再待两周。
【经典再现】
1．More than two __A__ students in this university were chosen as volunteers.(2014，邯郸市二模)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．thousand B．thousands
C．thousand of D．thousands of
2．Last year，Jimmy had his __C__ vacation in Sanya.
A．ten day B．ten day's
C．ten­day D．ten­days
3．When he arrived at the airport, Lee Minho found that __B__ fans were waiting for him there.(2014，东营)
A．hundred B．hundreds of
C．hundreds D．hundred of
4．__D__ people went to watch the final of Australia open between Li Na and Cibulkova(齐布尔科娃) ______ the night of January 25th, 2014.(2014，河北中考方舟预测卷四)
A．Thousands of；in B．Thousand；on
C．Many thousand；in D．Thousands of；on
5．—Our school is going to hold the __C__ Culture Festival.(2014，河北中考方舟预测卷五)
—Yes！And we can take part in ______ activities.
A．Fifth；fifth B．Five；fifth
C．Fifth；five D．Five；five
6．A __A__ girl named Dong Xinyi looked after her disabled father.(2014，河北省教研室模拟卷二)
A．three­year­old B．three­years­old
C．three­year­olds D．three yeas old
7．In order to finish the project，we will have to work __B__ hours a day.(2014，河北省教研室模拟卷三)
A．more two B．two more
C．two another D．two other
8．I'm 13 years old and my sister is 15 years old.So my sister is __B__ years older than me.(2014，济南)
A．one B．two C．three D．four
9．Please turn to page __D__ and look at the ______ picture in this unit.(2014，聊城)
A．twentieth；one B．twenty；one
C．twentieth；first D．twenty；first
10．It's never too old to learn. Karl Max began to learn English in his __D__．(2014，广东)
A．the fiftieth B．fiftieth
C．fifty D．fifties
　　

first　　 1st　 第1
second 2nd 第2
third 3rd 第3
fourth 4th 第4
fifth 5th 第5
sixth 6th 第6
seventh 7th 第7
eighth 8th 第8
ninth 9th 第9
tenth 10th 第10
eleventh 11th 第11
twelfth 12th 第12
twentieth 20th 第20
twenty­first　　21st　第21
thirtieth 30th 第30
thirty­ninth 39th 第39
fortieth 40th 第40
fiftieth 50th 第50
sixtieth 60th 第60
seventieth 70th 第70
eightieth 80th 第80
ninetieth 90th 第90
hundredth 100th 第100
one hundred
and first 101st 第101

【特例清单】
1．序数词在使用时，通常前面要加定冠词the；但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时，则表示“再一”，“又一”。如：
We've tried it three times.Must we try it a fourth time?
2．基数词也可以表示顺序。只需将基数词放在它所修饰的名词之后即可，不需要添加定冠词。
the first lesson——Lesson One
the fifth page——Page 5(five)
the twenty­first room——Room 21(twenty­one)
【经典再现】
11．__D__ month of the year is May.(2014，天津)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．Two B．The second
C．Five D．The fifth
12．He wrote his __D__ novel when he was in his ______.(2014，秦皇岛二模)
A．five；fifty B．fifth；fifty
C．five；fifties D．fifth；fifties
13．Tom's cousin lives on the __D__ floor.
A．two B．twice C．twos D．second
14．The boy got a nice present on his __B__ birthday.
A．nine B．ninth
C．the nine D．the ninth
15．Please turn to Page __B__ and read the ______story.(2014，兰州)
A．Ten；two B．Ten；second
C．Tenth；second D．Tenth；two
16．—How was your weekend?
—Great！It was my grandfather's __B__ birthday.We enjoyed ourselves.(2012，广东)
A．seventy B．seventieth
C．the seventieth D．seventeenth
17．—I hear your friend is visiting Sanya again.Is it the second time for him?
—Yes，and he will come for __A__ time next spring.(2012，自贡)
A．a third B．a second
C．the third D．the second
18．Jim has been to Shanghai twice，and he wants to go there for a __B__ time.(2013，张家口一模)
A．second B．third C．other D．another
19．During __B__ century，great changes took place in China.(2013，廊坊广阳二模)
A．twenty B．the twentieth
C．twentieth D．the twenty
20．Christmas Day is on __D__ of December.(2014，聊城)
A．twenty­five B．twenty­fifth
C．the twenty­five D．the twenty­fifth


用法
例子
句法功能

主语
It is said that thirteen is an unlucky number.
宾语
It is worth three hundred.
He was among the first to arrive.
定语
There are only three boys in the class.
May is the fifth month of a year.
表示事
物编号
the No. Ten Middle School，Lesson One
表示年代
in the 1890s
表示
年、月、日
On May 1st，2008
表示时间

整点
Tom often gets up at six in the morning.
与汉语
顺序
相同
4：25　four twenty­five
6：30　six thirty
几点
过几分
at twenty past six
差几分
到几点
at five to six
【经典再现】
21．He wrote his __D__ novel when he was in his ______.(2013，海港区初中毕业模拟二)
A．five；fifty B．fifth；fifty
C．five；fifties D．fifth；fifties
22．Qingdao is becoming a tour city.__B__ people come here during the holidays every year.(2013，石家庄二十八中质检题)
A．Thousand of B．Thousands of
C．Five thousands D．Five thousands of
23．—Which is the smallest number of the four?
—__C__．(2014，黔南)
A．A half B．One third
C．A quarter D．Two thirds
24．__B__ of the students in our class are from the countryside.
A．Two third B．Two thirds
C．Two three D．Second three
25．The machine was invented in __B__ century.
A．18th B．the 18th
C．18 D．the 18
26．—Were Jack and Jerry born in the __C__？
—Yes，they were both born in ______．
A．1995；1990s B．1995；1995
C．1990s；1995 D．1990s；1990s
27．—Excuse me，sir.There's a package for Lin Tao.Which room does he live in?
—__B__．(2014，河北省教研室模拟一)
A．808 Room B．Room 808
C．The Room 808 D．The 808 Room
28．—How to read “6：10” in English?
—It's __C__．(2014，河北中考方舟预测卷一)
A．six past ten B．ten to six
C．six ten D．ten six
29．It's said that __D__ of the water around the world ______ polluted.(2014，衡水五校联考二模)
A．two third；has B．two thirds；have
C．two third；are D．two thirds；is
(五)介词

近几年的河北中考中，常常通过设置一定的情景来考查与介词有关的短语和句型，其中重点是考查时间介词、方位介词和介词短语。介词在河北中考中所占的分数不多，一般为1—2分，占全卷分数的1%左右，题型多为单项选择题、词语运用等。预计2015年河北中考对介词的考查将会围绕介词短语的搭配、辨析及拼写等方面进行。
2011—2014年河北中考试题分析表

介词



年份
题号
题型
分值
2011
29，49
单项选择，完形填空
2
2012
28，54
单项选择，完形填空
2
2013
28
单项选择
1
2014
28
单项选择
1



分类
例词
表示时间
in，at，on，between，since，for，during，until，till，by，from…to，behind，by，before，past
表示方位
in，at，on，around，before，in front of，between，behind，beside，near，under，above，below，next to，among
表示往返
的方向
to，towards，round，around，through，across，from…to，into，out of，off，along
其他
by，to，like，unlike，of，except，about，against，with，but，as，without
【特例清单】
1．in通常用在世纪、年份、季节、月份、上午、下午、晚上等词前，但后面接时间段，意为“在……之后”，用于将来时态；而after意为“在……之后”，要用于一般过去时。如：
We are going to Beijing in two weeks.
He went to America in 2003，after one year，he came back.
2．for和since在表示时间时，一般用于完成时，for与时间段连用，since与时间点连用。如：
We haven't seen each other for years.
His father has taught in this school since 1985.
3．表示位置时，in表示某一小地点在另一大地点之内；on表示两个地点相互接壤；to则表示两个地点互不接壤，并有一定的距离。如：
Taiwan is in the southeast of China.
Shandong is on the north of Henan.
Japan lies to the east of China.
4．between表示“在两者之间”，而among表示“在三者或三者以上之中”。但当between用于三者或三者以上时，强调“两两之间”，侧重指人或物各自独立；而among强调彼此不分离。如：
We have too many desks in our class.There is hardly any room to move between them.
This village is among the hills.
5．表示方位时，on表示一个物体的位置在另一个物体之上，两者的表面相接触；above表示一个物体比另一个物体所处的位置高，通常两个物体表面不接触；over表示“在……的正上方”，强调在垂直的上方。如：
There is a map on the wall.
The lights are above our heads.
Some birds are flying over the sea.
6．besides和except都可译为“除……之外”，但含义不同：besides表示“除……以外，还有”，指“在整体中加入一部分”，含义是肯定的；except表示“从整体中除去一部分”，含义是否定的。如：
We all went besides him.(他去了)
We all went except him.(他没有去)
7．across和through均可译为“从这一边到另一边”，但用法不同：across的含义与on有关，表示动作是在某一物体的表面进行的；而through的含义与in有关，表示动作是在三维空间进行的。如：
The dog ran across the grass.
They walked through the forest.
时间介词
【经典再现】
1．__B__ age 7，Bruce won second prize in the piano competition.(2013，河北)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．In B．At C．On D．For
2．—Oh，so many people in the park!
—Nobody likes to stay at home __B__ such a fine day.(2013，邯郸初中毕业模拟二)
A．in B．on C．at D．for
3．__D__ the morning of April 20th，2013，a terrible earthquake took place in Ya'an，Sichuan.(2013，河北初中毕业升学考试押题〈蓝〉)
A．In B．At C．For D．On
4.—When does your mother go shopping?
—Usually __A__ Sunday morning.(2013，唐山路北模拟一)
A．on B．in C．at D．for
5.The story happened __B__ a cold winter morning.(2013，唐山丰南区一模)
A．in B．on C．at D．for
6．Neil Armstrong was interested in flying __D__ a very young age.He received his student pilot's license when he was 16.(2013，衡水五校联考二模)
A．from B．in C．on D．at
7．He went to Shanghai __C__ a rainy morning.(2013，廊坊广阳二模)
A．in B．at C．on D．with
8．We can be thankful every day，not just __B__ Thanksgiving Day.(2012，河北)
A．in B．on C．to D．by
9．I hear our English teacher will be back __B__ three weeks' time.(2014，定州市一模)
A．at B．in C．for D．after
10．I still remember the first time I met you.It was __C__ the middle of a hot July afternoon.(2014，唐山路北区一模)
A．at B．on C．in D．until
方位介词
【经典再现】
11．Oh！Lily is coming back and she is __B__ the plane from London now.(2013，河北初中毕业升学考试押题)
A．to B．on C．in D．at
12．—Is your father at home？(2013，保定二模)
—No，he's working late __D__ the office.
A．for B．to C．of D．at
13．Look！Tina is waiting __B__ the bus stop.(2014，保定市定兴县一模)
A．for B．at C．in D．to
14．You must drive your car __C__ the left side of the road in England.(2013，张家口一模)
A．in B．at C．on D．for
15．Look！The dress __A__ the shop window is beautiful.I want to have it.(2014，石家庄新华区5月质检)
A．in B．for C．of D．at
16．—Why are you standing，Alice?
—I can't see the blackboard clearly.Two tall boys are sitting __D__ me.(2014，唐山市路南区一模)
A．behind B．next to
C．between D．in front of
17．The workers will build a new railroad __B__ the two cities.(2014，河北省教研室模拟卷二)
A．since B．between C．as D．during
18．—Mary，does your brother get __C__ work by bus？(2014，河北省教研室模拟卷六)
—No，he rides a bike.Sometimes he walks.
A．in B．on C．to D．for
19．Cambridge is a small city __A__ the east of England.(2014，天津)
A．in B．with C．between D．under
20．—Excuse me，where's the west Hill Farm，please?
—Go __B__ the forest and ______ the foot of the mountain，you will find it.(2014，河北省方舟中考预测卷十)
A．past；under B．through；at
C．across；at D．through；under
表示往返的介词
【经典再现】
21．Before the bridge was built __C__ the river，the villagers had to take a boat to the other side.(2013，丽水)
A．in B．beside C．across D．along
22．Tony and I are good friends.We usually learn a lot __B__ each other.(2013，南充)
A．of B．from C．across D．at
23．Sandy is a real book lover and she often brings home many books to read __D__ the library.(2013，苏州)
A．in B．for C．by D．from
24．The Xiamen­Shenzhen high speed railroad will run __B__ eight cities.(2013，佛山)
A．across B．through C．over
25．—I left my keys in the room yesterday.I had to get in __B__ the window.
—It's dangerous to do that.(2012，河南)
A．in B．through C．over D．to
26．Sam likes trekking __D__ the jungle，because he thinks it's exciting.(2012，济宁)
A．over B．under C．across D．through
27．Don't drive so fast！We must slow down when we drive __D__ the tunnel.(2012，无锡)
A．past B．across C．over D．through
28．—What can I do for you？(2014，潍坊)
—I hope I have a nice house __D__ a big garden.
A．of B．from C．about D．with
29．—Would you please tell me the way to the Pacific Hotel？(2014，烟台)
—Go __A__ the post office, and you'll find it on the left.
A．past B．pass C．passed D．over
30.—Can a plane fly __A__ the Atlantic Ocean?
—Yes，but it needs to go ______ the clouds for hours.(2014，烟台)
A．across；through B．through；across
C．across；across D．through；through
其他介词
【经典再现】
31．__D__ us three，Peter studies the hardest.(2014，张家口市一模)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．In B．From C．For D．Of
32．I don't know how to start a talk with Betty.She can sit all day long __C__ a word！(2014，石家庄十八校联考)
A．by B．with C．without D．in
33．I'm making progress this term，so I am very proud __D__ myself.(2014，邯郸二模)
A．about B．in C．for D．of
34．—Vegetables are good __A__ our health.
—Yes.I agree ______ you.(2014，滦南县一模)
A．for；with B．at；with
C．for；to D．at；to
35．Some of us study for a test __D__ working with a group.(2014，石家庄长安区质检)
A．at B．for C．of D．by
36．Oh，it's you.Peter！Your voice sounds very different __C__ the phone.What's happening？(2014，保定毕业)
A．from B．in C．on D．of
37．He played a joke __D__ me ______ pretending he had lost his passport.(2014，河北方舟中考预测卷一)
A．at；for B．in；about
C．to；with D．on；by
38．Don't forget to spend more time __B__ your parents.They care for you and love you.(2014，河北方舟中考预测卷三)
A．from B．with C．in D．on
39．—Jim，is physics difficult to learn in high school?
—Sure.No subject can be learned well __A__ hard work.(2014，河北方舟中考预测卷四)
A．without B．from C．through D．for
40．Most people are __C__ building a paper factory near here. They are worried the river will get polluted.(2014，广东)
A．for B．with C．against D．beyond


介词
＋
名词
at home在家里；at school在学校；at noon在中午；at night在晚上；at work在工作；at sea在大海上；at the same time同时；at times有时；at breakfast早餐时；at midnight在午夜 at the moment在此刻；after a while过了一会
by bus乘公共汽车；by the way顺便说；by the time到……时候；by turns轮流；by mistake错误地；by the door在门口
in hospital住院；in the hospital在医院；in the end最后；in order整整齐齐；in order to以便；in the daytime在白天；in turn轮流
in time及时；in front在前方；in English用英语；in the future将来的某个时刻；in future(整个)将来；in fact事实上
on the way在路上；on Sunday在星期天；on show展出；on display陈列；on fire着火；on duty值日；on the other hand另一方面
on foot步行；on business出差；on board在船(飞机)上；on holiday在休假；on the telephone在接(打)电话；on time准时；on the left/right在左边/右边；on sale在出售；on watch在值班；on the earth在地球上
with pleasure很乐意；with one's help在某人的帮助下
be
＋
形容词
＋
介词
be amazed at对……感到惊讶；be angry with生(某人的)气；be afraid of害怕；be busy with忙于做……；be good at擅长于；be full of充满
be excited about对……感到兴奋；be kind to对……和善；be interested in对……感兴趣
be famous for因……而著名；be late for迟到；be popular with受……欢迎
be pleased with对……感到满意；be proud of对……感到骄傲；be ready for为……准备好
be satisfied with对……满意；be worried about为……担心
动词
＋
介词
agree with同意；ask for请求；begin with以……开始；come from出生，来自
die of死于；get on/off上车/下车；
fill… with用……装；fall off从……落下
hear from收到(某人)的信；hear of听说；look at看；go to bed去睡觉；go to school去上学；look for寻找；look after照顾
listen to听……讲话；pay for付钱；point to指向；send for派人去叫；run across碰到；talk about谈论；think about考虑；wait for等候；write to写信给……；worry about担心；
laugh at嘲笑；fall behind落在……后面；knock at敲
介词
＋
名词
＋
介词
at the foot of在……脚下；
on the top of在……顶端；
in the middle of在……中间；in the front of在……前面；in the east of在……东部
at the beginning of起初；
by the end of到……为止；
at the age of在……岁时；
at the head of在……前头
【经典再现】
41．Yao Ming is a great basketball player.We are proud __A__ him.(2014，石家庄十八县市大联考)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．of B．to C．for D．at
42．Ann helps me __B__ math after school.(2014，河北省教研模拟卷八)
A．for B．with C．on D．by
43．Zhou Yang is __A__ skating.She won a gold medal at the 2010 Olympic Winter Game.(2014，秦皇岛区二模)
A．good at B．weak in
C．tired of D．angry with
44．Jimmy can't buy any new books because he has __B__ his money.(2014，滦南县一模)
A．sold on B．run out of
C．come out D．come over
45．Sunshine Sports is very popular at our school.Exercise is good __B__ our health.(2013，河北初中毕业升学考试〈绿〉)
A．at B．for C．with D．to
46．—Could you please provide us __D__ some information about your hometown?
—Certainly.(2013，石家庄桥东区毕业模拟检测)
A．to B．of C．from D．with
47．—What would you like __C__ your afternoon tea?
—Just a cup of coffee ______ some sugar and milk.(2014，呼和浩特)
A．of；with B．of；without
C．for；with D．for；without
48．Trees can stop the wind __D__ blowing the earth away.(2013，石家庄3区联考)
A．to B．on C．with D．from
49．It's time __D__ the weather report.Turn on the radio，please.(2013，唐山路南区二模)
A．to B．in C．at D．for
50．This school is different __B__ others.It has many out­of­class activities.(2011，河北)
A．off B．from C．of D．for (六)连词

河北中考对连词的考查重点是并列连词、从属连词，以及一些易混淆的连词。历年中考试题对连词考查的比重也不大，一般为1—2分左右，题型多为单项选择题和词语运用题。预计2015年中考对连词的考查重点基本和2014年相同。
2011—2014年河北中考试题分析表

连词



年份
题号
题型
分值
2011
33，41
单项选择
2
2012
36，47
单项选择，完形填空
2
2013
40，48
单项选择，完形填空
2
2014
32，38
单项选择
2



并列连词
实例

and
和，又，及
He is laughing and talking.
but
但是，可是(表转折)
He is poor，but honest.
or
或者(表选择)
Would you like tea or coffee？
so
因此，所以(表结果)
He was ill，so he couldn't go to school yesterday.
both…
and…
两者都
Both you and she are right.
not only…
but also…
不但……
而且……
Not only you but also everyone here likes watching football match.
either…
or…
或者……
或者……
Either he or I am right.
neither…
nor…
既不……
也不……
Neither the twins nor Li Lei has been to Shanghai.
【特例清单】
1．“祈使句＋or＋结果句”与“If you don't… ，you'll… ”同义，其中or意为“否则”。如：
Hurry up，or you will be late.＝If you hurry up，you won't be late.＝If you don't hurry up，you will be late.
2．but意为“但是”，用来表示转折关系，注意它不能与though，although连用。如：
I want to help you，but I really don't know what to do.
3．so意为“所以，因此”用来表示因果关系，注意它不能与because，since，as连用。如：
The rain began to fall，so we had to find a place to stay in.
4．for意为“因为”，表示原因，主要用来进行补充说明，没有因果关系。如：
I must be off now，for it's rather cold outside.
I soon fell asleep，for I was tired.
5．not only… but also，neither… nor… 和either… or… 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致；both… and… 连接两个主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式；而as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词同前面的主语在人称和数上要保持一致。如：
Not only I but also my mother is going to the museum.
Neither you nor I am right.
Both Li Ping and her father take exercise every morning.
【经典再现】
1．Follow your teacher's advice，__B__ you'll make great progress in your English.(2014，定兴县一模)
　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　

A．or B．and C．but D．so
2．Tom，keep away from the fire，__C__ you will get burnt.(2014，石家庄十八县市联考)
A．and B．so C．or D．but
3．He failed in the English speech contest，__A__ he did his best to prepare for it.(2014，滦南县一模)
A．though B．but
C．because D．so
4．Which do you prefer to use to keep in touch with your friends，QQ __A__ MSN？(2014，保定毕业)
A．or B．so C．and D．but
5．Jenny，put on your coat __C__ you will catch a cold.(2011，河北)
A．but B．and C．or D．so
6．Diana isn't here, __A__ leave a message on her desk.(2014，河北)
A．so B．and C．but D．or
7．The beginning of the movie was boring，__A__ the end was amazing！(2013，河北)
A．but B．and C．so D．or
8．—Excuse me，could you help me take this chair to my office?
—I'm sorry，__A__ I can't help you right now.I'm too busy.(2013，石家庄42中一模)
A．and B．but
C．so D．because
9．__B__ my cousin ______ I know something about the story you told us，because we haven't heard of it.(2013，唐山路北一模)
A．Both；and B．Neither；nor
C．Either；or D．Not only；but also
10．—How do you like the two pairs of shorts?
—They don't fit me well.They are __D__ too long ______ too short.(2014，滨州)
A．not only；but also B．both；and
C．neither；nor D．either；or


表
示
时
间



when
当……时
The students were talking when the teacher came in.

while
当……时
I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV.

after
在……之
后　　　
I'll go to play football after I finish my homework.

before
在……之
前　　　
Please turn off the light before you leave the room.

till，until



直到……
为止　　
I'll wait till (until) he arrives.


不到……
不　　　
She won't get home till (until)it gets dark.


as soon as
一……就
I'll call you as soon as I get to Beijing.

since
自从……
He has lived here since 1980.

表
示
条
件



if
如果
We'll go for a picnic if it doesn't rain.

unless
除非，如
果不　
They will have a picnic unless it rains next Sunday.

表
示
原
因



because
因为
He didn't come because he was ill.

since
既然
Since we have got ready for it，let's set off.

as
因为
As I'm not at home，please leave a message.

表
示
目
的



so that
以便于
He got up early so that he could get there in time.

in order
that
为了
He works harder in order that he can go to a good college.

表
示
结
果



so… that
如此……
以至于　
……　　
The box is so heavy that we can't carry it.

such…
that
如此……
以至于　
……　　
It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it away.

表
示
让
步
though/
although
虽然
He would be happy though he should have to live alone.
He often helps others although he is not rich.
表
示
比
较



as
像……
一样
Do as you like.

as…
as…
和……
一样
He ran as fast as Mike.

not as…
as
不及……
It isn't as easy as you think.

than
比……
She jumped higher than Rose.

【特例清单】
1．if意为“是否”时，引导宾语从句；意为“如果”时，引导条件状语从句。如：
Could you tell me if they'll come tomorrow?
You can go out to play if your homework is finished.
2．从属连词so… that… 和such… that… 都表示“如此……以至于……”，但用法不同：so… that… 结构中的so为副词，后面跟形容词或副词；such… that… 中的such为形容词，后面接名词(名词前可以有形容词或副词修饰)。试比较：
He was such a clever boy that he thought out a very good idea.＝He was so clever a boy that he thought out a very good idea.
【经典再现】
11．Susan will not arrive at the airport on time __D__ she hurries up.(2008，河北)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．once B．if C．when D．unless
12．Eric arrived on time, __A__ it was the rush hour.(2014，河北)
A．though B．because C．while D．unless
13．Peter likes reading a newspaper __B__ he is having breakfast.(2010，河北)
A．until B．while C．because D．though
14.They will lose the game __A__ they try their best.(2011，河北)
A．unless B．once C．since D．after
15．Studying in groups is necessary __A__ you want to do well in school.(2012，河北)
A．if B．until C．unless D．though
16．Don't cross the road __D__ the lights turn green.(2014，廊坊大城县模一)
A．as B．when C．while D．until
17．He's not a perfect boy. He sometimes talks back __C__ his parents talk with him.(2014，济南)
A．if B．before C．when D．until
18．You will miss the bus __D__ you hurry up.(2014，张家口市一模)
A．because B．though C．until D．unless
19．I'll give all the facts __B__ you can tell by yourself.(2014，新华区5月质检)
A．or B．so that C．though D．but
20．—Will you please give the dictionary to Jane?
—Sure，I'll give it to her __D__ she arrives here.(2014，唐山路南区一模)(2014，赤峰)
A．before B．until
C．because D．as soon as
(七)形容词和副词

近几年河北中考对形容词和副词的考查重点是：形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法，形容词的位置，意思相近或相同的形容词和副词之间的辨析和使用。近两年来中考加大了对这部分内容的考查，约占全卷总分的6%左右。形容词和副词常出现在以下题型中：单项选择，完形填空和词语运用等。预计2015年中考将继续考查形容词和副词用法的区别及它们比较级的用法。
2011—2014年河北中考试题分析表

形容词和副词



年份
题号
题型
分值
2011
31，34，51，
54，83
单项选择，完形填空，
词语运用
5
2012
31，33，42，
49，51，52，83
单项选择，完形填空，
词语运用
7
2013
31，42，47，52，82
单项选择，完形填空，
词语应用
5
2014
31，41，47，54，83
单项选择，完形填空，
词语应用
5


形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置：

修饰some，any，every，no和body，thing，one等构成的复合不定代词时
nobody absent，
everything possible
alive，alike，awake，aware，asleep等可以后置
the only person awake
表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词
a bridge 50 meters long
形容词短语一般后置
a man difficult to get on with
else修饰疑问词和不定代词时
what else，
something else
【特例清单】
1．有些形容词只能作定语。如：
little(小的)，only(唯一的)，wooden(木质的)，elder(年长的)，woolen(羊毛质的)等及复合形容词man­made(人造的)，kind­hearted(好心的)，English­speaking(说英语的)，take­away(可以带走的)等。
2．有些形容词只能作表语。如：
alone(孤独的)，asleep(睡着的)，awake(醒着的)，alive(活着的)，well(健康的)，ill(病的)，frightened(害怕的)等。
3．有些形容词貌似副词。如：
friendly(友好的)，lively(生动的)，lonely(孤独的)等。
4．有些形容词和定冠词the连用，表示一类人或物。如：
We should respect the old and love the young.
It's not polite to laugh at the blind or the deaf.
5．enough修饰名词时既可以放在名词的前面，也可以放在其后面；然而，enough作状语修饰形容词或副词时，应该放在形容词或副词之后。如：
We have enough time(＝time enough) to finish the work.
He ran fast enough to catch the bus.
【经典再现】
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

1．—Bruce，how did you like the movie you saw last night?
—It was __C__．I left the cinema halfway through it.(2014，廊坊市大城县模拟)
A．original B．special C．boring D．creative
2．The flower smells __B__ and I like it very much.(2014，定州市一模)
A．terrible B．good C．well D．beautiful
3．—I'll not be Jack's friend any more.
—Don't be angry. He's just so __A__， but in fact he's good to us, you know.(2014，荆州)
A．direct B．helpful C．polite D．brave
4．—Can you tell the differences between these two pictures？(2014，保定毕业考试)
—Differences？Oh，no.They look quite __B__．
A．single B．similar C．silent D．simple
5．The air in the countryside is __C__．So many people from the city go there on weekends.(2008，河北)
A．soft B．pretty C．fresh D．delicious
6．Martha is a __B__ girl.She always smiles and says hello to others.(2012，河北)
A．shy B．friendly C．crazy D．healthy
7．The light railways and subways make it __C__ for people to travel around Chongqing.(2014，河北中考方舟预测二)
A．easily B．difficult C．easy D．hard
8．—Some films made at home aren't interesting，are they?
—No.But I don't think every film from Hollywood is worth seeing，and some of them are as __D__ as ours.(2014，河北省方舟中考预测卷四)
A．popular B．attractive
C．enjoyable D．boring
9．We all hope that we can live in a __C__ world and say goodbye to wars forever.(2014，河北省方舟中考预测卷五)
A．beautiful B．meaningful
C．peaceful D．natural
10．—What can I do for you，sir?
—Have you still had any rooms __B__ in the hotel？I need a double room.(2014，河北省方舟中考预测卷七)
A．necessary B．available
C．impossible D．successful


时间
副词
soon，now，early，finally，once，recently
频度
副词
always，often，hardly，sometimes，never
地点
副词
here，nearby，outside，upwards，above
疑问
副词
how，where，when，why
方式
副词
hard，well，fast，slowly，excitedly，really
连接
副词
how，when，where，why，whether，however
程度
副词
almost，nearly，very，fairly，quite，rather
关系
副词
when，where，why
　　【注意】
地点副词、时间副词和方式副词放在句尾，它们同时出现时的顺序是：方式副词→地点副词→时间副词。如：
The students are doing the experiments carefully in the lab now.
【经典再现】
11．We can hardly believe that you learn to dance so __B__.(2013，河北)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．quick B．quickly C．useful D．usefully
12．—Did you find the small village yesterday?
—Yes，without any difficulty，for it has __A__ changed over years.(2013，海港区毕业升学模拟二)
A．hardly B．greatly C．clearly D．nearly
13．Some animals can even see things __D__ in the dark.(2012，河北)
A．bad B．badly C．clear D．clearly
14．The basketball match was really fantastic, __A__ when Shu­How Lin scored in the last second.(2014，德州)
A．especially B．probably
C．exactly D．mostly
15．—Don't worry.My mother will look after your baby __C__．
—Thanks a lot.(2013，石家庄42中一模)
A．careful enough B．enough careful
C．carefully enough D．enough carefully
16．The tired young man sat __D__ in the chair and had a cup of coffee.(2014，新华区5月质检)
A．strong B．heavy C．hardly D．heavily
17．The article is __D__ more difficult than that one，so I think I can understand it with the help of a dictionary.(2014，滦南县一模)
A．much B．quite C．very D．a little
18．—How's Lucy's English？(2014，随州)
—She always does very well in her English exams.But she can __C__ understand English radio programs.
A．always B．already C．hardly D．easily
19．Work __C__ and you will do it very well.(2014，唐山路南区一模)
A．careful B．careless
C．carefully D．carelessly
20．—Mr.Smith，would you please speak a little more __D__？(2014，河北省方舟中考预测卷四)
—Sorry！I thought you could follow me.
A．clearly B．politely C．seriously D．slowly
考点三　规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和
最高级

构成方法
原级
比较级
最高级
一般单音节词末尾加­er，­est。
small
fast
quick
smaller
faster
quicker
smallest
fastest
quickest
以不发音的字母e结尾的单音节词加­r，­st。
nice
fine
nicer
finer
nicest
finest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节单词，先把y变为i，再加­er，­est。
early
happy
earlier
happier
earliest
happiest
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加­er，­est。
red
big
thin
redder
bigger
thinner
reddest
biggest
thinnest
部分双音节词或多音节词在原级前加more，most。
interesting
important
more
interesting
more
important
most
interesting
most
important
【经典再现】
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

21．The train has just left，we should get here 10 minutes __A__．(2014，张家口市一模)
A．earlier B．the earliest
C．the earlier D．early
22．—John，who is that boy?
—Which one？The __B__ one of the two？(2013，邯郸初中毕业摸底二)
A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．/
23．Of all the subjects，chemistry seems to be __D__ for me.(2011，河北)
A．difficult B．too difficult
C．more difficult D．the most difficult
24．Lin Fang comes home __B__ than before this term. She doesn't have so many classes in the afternoon.(2014，重庆)
A．early B．earlier C．late D．later
25．We lost the match because they had __A__ players.(2014，唐山路南区一模)
A．more B．stronger C．fewer D．younger
26．Water is the cheapest drink. And it is also __D__．(2014，河北)
A．healthier B．healthiest
C．the healthier D．the healthiest
27．—Excuse me，Sir.The shoes are a bit small for me.(2014，秦皇岛海港区一模)
—Don't worry.I'll change them for a __C__ size.
A．large B．very large
C．larger D．largest
28．I am surprised that John is only 25.I thought he was __B__，for he seems to be in his thirties.(2014，承德一模)
A．old B．older C．young D．younger
29．Write __C__ and try not to make any mistakes.(2014，石家庄十八县市大联考)
A．as careful as possible
B．more careful
C．as carefully as you can
D．the most careful
30．Would you please say it __C__？I still can't follow you.(2014，河北方舟中考预测卷一)
A．more slow B．much slow
C．more slowly D．much slowly
考点四　不规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级
和最高级

原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
bad/ill/badly
worse
worst
little
less
least
many/much
more
most
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
old
older/elder
oldest/eldest
【经典再现】
31．—Yummy！This kind of soup tastes good.
—Yes.It will taste __B__ with some pepper.(2013，保定毕业生摸底考试)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．good B．better C．best D．the best
32．He was the one who did __A__ of the work and got the most of the money.That was unfair.(2013，唐山路北二模)
A．the least B．less
C．fewer D．the fewest
33．Now the air in our city is __D__ than it used to be.Something must be done to stop it.(2014，保定市一模)
A．very good B．much better
C．rather bad D．even worse
34．—Helen，can I wear jeans and a T­shirt to the evening party？(2014，邢台市一模)
—OK.But a dress might be __A__．
A．better B．good C．bad D．worse
35．David jumped __B__ in the long jump.He won the game！(2008，河北)
A．longest B．farthest C．fastest D．highest
36．In the piano contest，my brother didn't do very well and I did __D__．(2014，密州一模)
A．very well B．much better
C．very good D．even worse
37．We work harder than before for a __D__ result.(2014，石家庄新华区5月质检)
A．nice B．best C．good D．better
38．You are doing great！I've never had __C__ answer before.(2012，河北)
A．better B．best
C．a better D．the best
39．Don't just believe the advertisement.That kind of camera is __B__ it said.(2011，河北)
A．as good as B．not as good as
C．as well as D．not as well as
40．His parents offered lots of money to him，but it's __A__ than he needed.(2013，河北初中毕业押解)
A．far less B．far more
C．more less D．much more
考点五　形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法

句型
意义
例句
as＋形容词/副词原级＋as
两者比较，程度相同。“as… as”结构前可以带表示程度的状语，像quite，almost，half，twice，nearly等。
This book is almost/nearly as thick as that one.
His ability is not half as high as yours.
not as(so)＋形容词/副词原级＋as
两者相比，一方不及另一方。
This village isn't as(so) big as that one.
I didn't do my homework as carefully as you.
形容词/副词比较级＋than
两者进行比较。
The sun is bigger than the earth.
She usually gets up earlier than others.
比较级＋and＋比较级
“越来越……”，多音节词用more and more＋形容词或副词原级。
She is growing fatter and fatter.
Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.
续表：
句型
意义
例句
the＋比较级，the＋比较级
“越……，越……”，如果“the＋比较级”修饰名词作定语，名词要紧跟在比较级之后。
The busier the old man is，the happier he feels.
The more money he gets，the more he wants.
具体数字(如倍数)＋as… as…
是……的……倍。
The city is two times as big as my hometown.
具体数字、实物、倍数等＋比较级＋than
形容词与具体倍数等的比较。
He is a head taller than I.
This city is three times larger than that one.
形容词最高级＋介词短语(比较范围)
(三者或三者以上)最……的。
He is the tallest boy in our class.
副词最高级＋介词短语(比较范围)
(三者或三者以上)最……的。
He works hardest in his class.
【特例清单】
1．“A＋谓语动词＋the＋比较级＋of the two＋……”，表示“两者中较……的”。如：
Wang Fei is the taller one of the two brothers.
2．“A＋谓语动词＋one of the＋最高级＋复数名词＋in/of短语”表示“……是最……的之一”。如：
Miss Li is one of the most popular teachers in our school.
The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world.
3．“A＋谓语动词＋the＋序数词＋最高级＋名词＋in/of短语”表示“……是第……最……的”。如：
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
【经典再现】
41．It's not as __A__ as yesterday so there are ______ children playing with their parents in the People's Square.(2014，滦南县一模)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．warm；fewer B．warm；less
C．warmer；fewer D．warmer；less
42. Lucy is a(n) __D__ student, she answers the teachers' questions ______ in her class.(2014，陕西)
A．more active；more actively
B．active; more actively
C．more active；the most actively
D．active; the most actively
43.I'm surprised that John is only 25.I thought he was __B__，for he seems to be in his thirties.(2014，保定毕业考试)
A．old B．older C．young D．younger
44．—Which do you prefer，music or sports?
—Both.Music is __A__ sports among us.(2014，长安区5月质检)
A．as popular as B．not as popular as
C．more popular than D．less popular than
45．Lucy is a __A__ person I know.No one is ______ than her.(2014，廊坊市大城县一模)
A．lazy；lazier B．lazier；lazier
C．laziest；lazier D．the laziest；lazier
46．She always does her homework __C__ than her brother.(2009，河北)
A．more careful B．careful
C．more carefully D．carefully
47．This time he did much __C__．We are all proud of him.(2014，石家庄长安区5月质检)
A．good B．well C．better D．best
48．Nowadays，Chinese parents think __C__ education their children get，______ job they will find.(2014，河北省初中毕业预测卷一)
A．the further；the worse
B．the farther；the better
C．the further；the better
D．the farther；the worse
49．Lanzhou is the only capital city that the Yellow River，the second __B__ river in China，passes through.(2013，兰州)
A．long B．longest C．longer D．length
50．I think Zibo is becoming __C__．(2013，淄博)
A．more beautiful and more beautiful
B．more and more cleaner
C．more and more beautiful
D．clean and clean
(八)动词的分类

河北中考在动词的分类方面着重考查情态动词的用法和动词短语的辨析以及连系动词在语境中的正确运用。各类动词的用法在河北中考历年的试题中的比重都不小，几乎所有的题型中都会见到。同时也毫无疑问地表明对各类动词或动词短语的掌握和运用是同学们复习的重点内容。
2011—2014年河北中考试题分析表

名词



年份
题号
题型
分值
2011
28，35，36，
47，50，84，85
单项选择，完形填空，
词语运用
7
2012
35，38，46，
48，50，82
单项选择，完形填空，
词语运用
6
2013
34，41，46，
53，55，83
单项选择，完形填空，
词语运用
6
2014
34，35，36，
48，49，52，84
单项选择，完形填空，
词语运用
7

　　

类别
功能及用法
例子
行为
动词


及物动词vt.


不及物动词vi.
本身含有实在意义，表示动作或状态，在句中能独立作谓语。

可以接宾语


不可以直接接宾语


afford，buy，enjoy，keep


arrive，cry，die，fall


连系
动词
本身有一定的词义，但词义不完整，不能单独作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语。
be，smell，
look，taste
助
动
词
本身没有词义，不能独立作谓语，只能和实义动词一起构成谓语，表示时态、语态、否定、疑问等。
do，does，
will，shall
情态
动词
本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和实义动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态，没有人称和数的变化。
may，must，
can，need
【特例清单】
1．不及物动词要接宾语，必须在不及物动词后加上适当的介词。如：
He died of hunger.
Please listen to the teacher carefully.
2．双宾语动词后面接两个宾语，直接宾语为动词直接涉及的事物；间接宾语往往指涉及的人。间接宾语有时可放在后面，由介词to或for引导，变成介词短语。
◆以to引导的间接宾语的动词常见的有：bring，give，leave，lend，offer，pass，play，read，send，show，take，teach，tell，write等。如：
Could you lend your dictionary to me?
She passed the salt to him.
◆以for引导的间接宾语的动词常见的有：bring，build，buy，cook，cut，fetch，find，get，keep，make，order，save，pick，take，等。如：
Mother cooks breakfast for us every day.
I'll fetch a chair for you.
【经典再现】
1.—Excuse me.How much does the model plane __D__？(2013，邯郸初中毕业二模)
—It's not expensive.It's only thirty dollars.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．spend B．take C．pay D．cost
2．—Why don't you buy the Ipad 4？(2013，邯郸一模)
—It's too expensive.I can't __A__ it.
A．afford B．borrow C．keep D．sell
3．You can __B__ the book for two weeks，but you must return it on time.(2013，唐山路北区二模)
A．borrow B．keep C．lend D．write
4．I'm sorry I haven't got any money.I've __B__ my handbag at home.(2013，河北初中毕业押题〈蓝〉)
A．missed B．left C．put D．forgotten
5．—Is supper ready？(2013，石家庄28中模拟)
—No，mother is __D__ it ready now.
A．doing B．cooking C．burning D．getting
6．—How was the concert last night?
—It was so good. Though it __D__ nearly four hours, few people left early.(2014，荆州)
A．covered B．reached
C．played D．lasted
7．The Chinese national, women's badminton team __A__ the Japanese team by 3∶1 in India on May 24.(2014，陕西)
A．beat B．lost C．won D．missed
8．I __D__ with you.This movie is really boring.Let's change the channel.(2014，邢台市一模)
A．watch B．learn C．join D．agree
9．After the students __A__ their exams，they celebrated by having a party.(2014，定州市一模)
A．passed B．failed C．joined D．gave
10．She said she returned the book to the library.I'm sure she __B__．(2014，保定市二模)
A．does B．did C．is D．was


常用连
系动词
词义
例句
be
是
I'm a girl with short hair.
become
成为，变得
Mike becomes interested in Chinese.
turn
变得
Mr. White's face turned red.
续表：
常用连
系动词
词义
例句
get
变得
The weather is getting bad.
smell
闻起来
The flowers smell nice.
sound
听起来
The plan sounds good.
taste
尝起来
The soup tastes delicious.
stay
保持
The shop stays open till 8 pm.
grow
成长，变得
Her hair is growing white.
keep
保持
The girl keeps silent all the time.
feel
感觉，摸起来
The coat feels very soft.
look
看起来
My mother looks very young.
注意
1.连系动词不能单独作谓语，其后必须接形容词、名词或介词短语作表语。
2．含连系动词(be除外)的句子变疑问句时一定要借助助动词do，does，did等。

【经典再现】
11.The new T­shirt __C__ soft.(2013，石家庄18县联考)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．sounds B．goes C．feels D．tastes
12．Though it is rainy and windy，people in Lushan __A__ warm inside the tents.(2013，石家庄毕业班质检题)
A．feel B．look C．seem D．get
13．—How do you like the fish I cooked for you?
—I haven't had it yet. However, it __D__ good.(2014，菏泽)
A．sounds B．feels C．tastes D．smells
14．—Look at the postcard.It's from my pen pal in New York.(2014，邯郸市二模)
—Hmm… It __D__ so beautiful.
A．smells B．sounds C．feels D．looks
15．I don't like his story because it __D__ terrible.(2014，长安区5月质检)
A．tastes B．smells C．feels D．sounds
16．This kind of bananas __D__ nice.I want to taste one.(2014，滦南县一模)
A．sound B．smell C．looks D．tastes
17．This silk dress __D__ so smooth.It's made in China.(2009，河北)
A．tastes B．smells C．sounds D．feels
18．This sentence __B__ right.Please write it down.(2011，河北)
A．feels B．sounds C．tastes D．smells
19．—Where would you like to spend your holidays?
—At home.I __B__ good when I stay with my family.(2013，保定二模)
A．smell B．feel C．taste D．sound
20．Children like to play with toys which __D__ colorful.(2013，唐山路北一模)
A．taste B．smell C．sound D．look


情态
动词
意义及用法
例子
may


表示“请求许可”，意思是“可以，可能”，其一般疑问句的否定回答为mustn't。
—May I go out and play football?
—No，you mustn't.

表推测，意思是“可能”。
Mr. Li may be at home.

can
(could)


表示“能力”，意思是“能，会”，否定形式为can't，couldn't。
Mike can speak a little Chinese.
I could ride the bike when I was 6 years old.

用在疑问句中，表示“征求意见”，could比can的语气更委婉、客气。
Could you tell me something about your school？

表推测，常用在否定句和疑问句中。
He can't be at home.He has gone to Japan.

can用于一般现在时及一般过去时两种时态，be able to可以用于各种时态。
He can spell these words.
He has been able to draw pictures already.

must


表示义务、命令或要求，意思是“必须，应该”，否定形式为mustn't，意思是“不应该，不允许”，表示警告。
You must be careful next time.
You mustn't take photos here.

表示推测，意为“必定”。
He must be in the room.

表示说话人的主观看法。
I must go home now.

must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must，have to；否定回答用needn't或don't have to。
—Must I finish the homework today?
—No，you needn't/you don't have to.

续表：
情态
动词
意义及用法
例子
need


表示“需要”，多用于否定句。
He needn't worry about it.

作实义动词，后接动词不定式。
I'm very tired and I need to have a rest.

【经典再现】
21．—Listen！Is that Kate playing the piano in the room？(2006，河北)
—No.It __D__ be Kate.She has gone to London.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．may not B．needn't
C．mustn't D．can't
22．—__D__ you come with me to Lang Lang's piano concert this evening?
— I'd love to, but I have to study for my math test.(2014，广东)
A．Should B．May
C．Must D．Can
23．Thomas，please be quiet.The others __A__ hear very well.(2008，河北)
A．can't B．mustn't
C．shouldn't D．needn't
24．—Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon?
—Yes，you __A__．(2010，河北)
A．must B．can C．may D．need
25．You __C__ eat the soup if you don't like it.(2011，河北)
A．shouldn't B．mustn't
C．needn't D．can't
26．—Whose is the pencil box?
—It __C__ be Tom's.Look at his name on the cover！(2012，河北)
A．can B．may C．must D．need
27．__A__ I see your ID card，sir？We have to check your information.(2013，河北)
A．May B．Must C．Should D．Need
28．—Shall I tell Jenny about her success in the competition?
—No，you __D__．(2014，保定毕业升学试题)
A．shouldn't B．mustn't
C．couldn't D．needn't
29．In order to speak English better，we __B__ be afraid of making mistakes.(2014，唐山市路北区一模)
A．should B．shouldn't
C．have to D．must
30．You needn't write letters to your American pal.You __A__ chat with her online.(2014，石家庄长安区5月质检)
A．can B．must C．need D．have to


类别
实例
汉意
动
词
＋
副
词


add up
加起来

break out
爆发

carry on
坚持下去；继续下去

change into
转换成；变成

clean up
清除；收拾干净

clear up
整理，收拾；(天气)放晴

come back
回来；想起来

come down
落下

come in
进入，进来

cut down
砍倒

cut off
切断

cut up
切碎

eat up
吃光，吃完

fall behind
落在……后面；输给别人

find out
发现；查明

get along
取得进展

get together
聚会，联欢

get up
起床

give away
分发；赠送

give back
归还，送回

give in
屈服

give out
分发；用完；耗尽

give up
放弃

go ahead
继续

go away
走开，离去

go on
继续

grow up
长大成人，成长

hand in
上交；交纳

hand out
分发

hold on
坚持；(打电话)别挂断

续表：

类别
实例
汉意
动
词
＋
副
词


keep on
继续(进行)

let in
让……进来，放进

look ahead
向前看

look up
查找

pay back
偿还(借款等)

pick up
拾起，捡起；开车接

point out
指出，标明

put off
推迟

put on
穿；戴上；上演

put up
举起；张贴

start off
出发

stay up
熬夜

take off
脱下；起飞

turn down/up
声音调小/大

turn off/on
关闭/打开

wake up
唤醒，醒来

watch out
当心

work out
计算出

动
词
＋
介
词


agree with
赞同，同意(某人的看法)

arrive at/in
到达

ask for
请求；询问

break down
出毛病；损坏

belong to
属于

break into
破门而入

call for
需要；呼吁

care for
在乎，关心

come from
来自……

deal with
处理；对付

depend on/upon
依靠；相信；依赖

get over
克服

续表：

类别
实例
汉意
动
词
＋
介
词


get to
到达……

go by
走过，经过

go over
仔细检查；复习

knock at
敲

laugh at
嘲笑……

learn from
向……学习

look after
照顾

look at
看……，观看……

look for
寻找

look like
看起来像

pass by
经过

point to
指向……

quarrel with
(和某人)争吵

stand for
代表(某事物)；支持

stick to
坚持

talk about
谈论，议论

think about
考虑

think of
想起，想出；认为

wait for
等待

动
词
＋
副
词
＋
介
词


add up to
总计达

catch up with
赶上

come up with
想出

get along with
相处

go on with
继续进行

keep away from
远离

keep up with
跟上；和……保持联系

look down on/upon
看不起

look forward to
盼望

look out of
朝……外看

make up of
由……组成，构成

run out of
耗尽

【特例清单】
对于“动词＋副词”类的短语，如果是名词作宾语，那么这个名词既可以放在短语之间也可以放在短语的后面，但是如果是代词作宾语，则代词一定要放在短语之间。如：
He turned off all the lights when he left.
He picked it up and gave it to me.
【经典再现】
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

31．Steven, we should __D__ the bus at the next stop.(2014，河北)
A．get up B．get to
C．get in D．get off
32．He __A__ a piece of waste paper，and put it into the rubbish bag.(2007，河北)
A．picked up B．threw away
C．looked for D．handed in
33．—Have you seen the film Coming Home directed by Zhang Yimou?
—Not yet. I'm __C__ seeing it. It's said the film is great.(2014，潍坊)
A．looking down on B．looking out of
C．looking forward to D．looking up to
34．Sally，__A__ your sunglasses.The sun is so bright.(2009，河北)
A．put on B．put up
C．put away D．put down
35．Mike __A__ his computer and checked his e­mail .(2010，河北)
A．turned on B．turned off
C．turned up D．turned down
36．Would you please __B__ my baby brother while I am cooking？(2011，河北)
A．take out of B．take care of
C．take part in D．take away from
37．__D__ your name on the paper and you can get a magazine.(2012，河北)
A．Cut down B．Look down
C．Turn down D．Write down
38．Please __D__ the water when you brush your teeth.(2013，河北)
A．take down B．turn up
C．take away D．turn off
39．He has failed several times，but he won't __D__．(2014，石家庄十八县市大联考)
A．go on B．come on
C．get up D．give up
40．I love this song by Fenghuangchuanqi.Would you __B__ the TV a bit，please？I can't hear it clearly.(2014，定州一模)
A．turn on B．turn up
C．turn down D．turn off
(九)动词的时态和语态

近几年河北中考对动词时态的考查主要有以下八种时态，即一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、一般将来时和过去将来时，其中尤以一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时和现在进行时更为重要，是考查的重点。对动词语态的考查则主要是一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态。预计2015年河北中考对动词时态的考查仍将以这四种时态为重点。对动词语态的考查则仍将以一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态为重点。另外含有情态动词的被动语态也应引起我们的重视。
2011—2014年河北中考试题分析表

动词的时态和语态



年份
题号
题型
分值
2011
38，40，42，44
单项选择
4
2012
38，40，41，
43，44，84
单项选择，词语运用
6
2013
33，35，36，37，
38，43，45，84
单项选择，词语应用
8
2014
37，39，40，42，
43，44，85
单项选择，词语应用
7



种类
谓语形式
用法
一般现
在时
1.动词原形
2．主语是单数第三人称，谓语加­s，­es
1.表示经常性或习惯性发生的动作或状态。
2．描述客观真理、客观存在或科学事实等。
3．在时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来。
一般过
去时
动词的过去式
1.表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
2．表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
3．用于虚拟语气中，表示与现在事实相反的情况。
现在完
成时


have/has＋动词的过去分词
1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。
2．表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，并有可能继续下去，常与“for＋时间段”或“since＋表示过去的时间点或时间段”连用。

续表：

种类
谓语形式
用法
一般将
来时
1.will/shall＋动词原形
2．be going to＋动词原形
1.be going to和will表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。主语一般是人。
2．be going to表示根据主观判断将来肯定要发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。主语可以是人也可以是物。
3．在含有时间、条件状语从句的复合句中，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时来代替将来时。
4．一些表示位移的动词，如go，come，leave，arrive，fly，start，move等，常用现在进行时表将来。
现在进
行时
am/is/are＋动词的现在分词
1.表示说话时或目前正在进行的动作。
2．与always，usually等词连用，表示赞扬、厌恶或不满的情绪。
过去进
行时
was/were＋动词的现在分词
表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。
【特例清单】
1．在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，如果主句谓语动词是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。如：
We'll have a picnic if it is fine next Sunday.
I'll call you as soon as I get to Beijing tomorrow.
2．某些表示起始、往返、出发、到达之意的动词，可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排将要发生的动作(此时一般都有一个表示未来时间的状语)。这类动词有：begin，come，go，leave，start，arrive，end，stop，open，close等。如：
The meeting begins at 2：00 p. m. tomorrow.
The next train leaves at 7 o'clock this evening.
3．现在完成时中表示短暂动作的动词不能与for，since等引导的时间状语连用。如与一段时间连用，则要把瞬间动词转化为意思相近的延续性动词。常见的变化有：

非延续性动词
延续性动词
buy
have
borrow
keep
open
be open
close
be closed
begin/start
be on
come
be here
go
be there
finish
be over
die
be dead
catch a cold
have a cold
续表：
非延续性动词
延续性动词
put on
wear
wake up
awake
fall asleep
be asleep
join
be in
leave
be away
如：
误：I've left this school for ten years.
正：I've been away from this school for ten years.
一般现在时与一般过去时
【经典再现】
1．—You look very nice in your new skirt.
—Oh，really？I __B__ it when it was on sale.(2014，石家庄十八县市大联考)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．buy B．bought
C．have bought D．will buy
2．—Could you please tell Peter that I want to talk to him？(2014，石家庄十八县市大联考)
—Sure.I will let him know when he __A__ back.
A．comes B．came
C．has come D．will come
3．My family __A__ supper together every day.It's really a happy time for all of us.(2014，邯郸市二模)
A．have B．had
C．are having D．will have
4．—Haven't I told you that you should be home earlier?
—Yes，but I __B__ home earlier than I usually do.(2014，唐山市路南区一模)
A．was coming B．came
C．will come D．had come
5.Please tell him to call me as soon as he __B__ home.(2014，定兴县一模)
A．get B．gets C．got D．will get
6．Nancy quickly __B__ the door and put down her school things.(2014，定兴县一模)
A．opens B．opened
C．has opened D．is opening
7．As we all know, the Silk Road __C__ China to the west in ancient times.(2014，安徽)
A．connects B．will connect
C．connected D．is connecting
8．—What do you often do at weekends?
—I often __A__ my grandparents.(2014，北京)
A．visit B．visited
C．have visited D．will visit
9．Lucy，come and have a look at my new pictures.I __B__ them in Europe.(2014，张家口一模)
A．draw B．drew
C．was drawing D．have draw
10．—Have you visited any European countries?
—Yes，I __A__ Spain and Italy two years ago.(2014，邢台市一模)
A．visited B．have visited
C．had visited D．were visited
现在进行时与过去进行时
【经典再现】
11．—Excuse me.Where is Lily？(2014，丰南区一模)
—Oh，she __D__ the volleyball match on the playground when I saw her just now.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．watches B．will watch
C．is watching D．was watching
12．—I can't find David.Where is he?
—He __B__ for tomorrow's competition at home.(2014，石家庄十八县市大联考)
A．prepares B．is preparing
C．has prepared D．prepared
13．While she __D__ TV in the sitting room，the bell rang.(2014，石家庄十八县市大联考)
A．watches B．is watching
C．watched D．was watching
14．We __B__ soccer yesterday afternoon when it began to rain.(2014，长安区5月质检)
A．were play B．were playing
C．are playing D．played
15．—You are in a hurry. Where are you going?
—To the cinema. Sue __C__ for me outside.(2014，江西)
A．waits B．waited
C．is waiting D．was waiting
16.—Sandy，I called you at 9：30 last night，but nobody answered the phone.
—I'm sorry.We __B__ a birthday party ______ Jerry.(2014，唐山路南区一模)
A．had；with B．were having；for
C．are having；for D．had；for
17．—What are you busy doing these days, Mrs Zhao?
—I __B__ my newborn baby. You can't imagine how busy I am.(2014，山西)
A．look after B．am looking after
C．looked after D．will look after
18．When you come back from your trip，we __C__ to discuss the problem.(2014，邢台市一模)
A．meets B．meet
C．were meeting D．will meet
19．— What were you doing when we were playing basketball yesterday afternoon?
— I __A__ the classroom.(2014，北京)
A．was cleaning B．have cleaned
C．will clean D．clean
20．—I called you yesterday evening，but nobody answered the phone.
—Oh，I __B__ a walk with my parents at that time.(2014，张家口一模)
A．took B．was taking
C．am taking D．take
一般将来时
【经典再现】
21．—Is that Jack speaking?
—Sorry，he __A__ in.He ______ back in half an hour.(2014，滦南县一模)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．isn't；will be B．wasn't；will
C．isn't；is D．wasn't；was
22．In five years，I __A__ a doctor.(2014，承德一模)
A．will be B．was C．am D．be
23．Teenagers like saying，“Leave me alone，I __C__．”(2014，石家庄新华区5月质检)
A．have grown up B．am growing up
C．will grow up D．grew up
24．Attention，please！There __D__ a football game between Class 1 and Class 2 next Monday.(2014，石家庄十八县市大联考)
A．is going to have B．has been
C．has D．will be
25．Soon you __B__ a senior high school student. Isn't it exciting？(2014，定兴县一模)
A．become B．will become
C．became D．have become
26.Don't drink any beer，for you __D__ home after the party.(2014，张家口市一模)
A．drive B．drove
C．are driving D．will drive
27．My computer is broken.I __B__ it in a minute.(2013，保定二模)
A．repair B．will repair
C．repaired D．am repairing
28．The exchange students from England __D__ in China in a week.(2013，石家庄42中一模)
A．arrive B．have arrived
C．are arriving D．will arrive
29．—Jim，have you turned off the light?
—Oh，sorry.I __A__ to turn it off right now.(2013，唐山路北二模)
A．will go B．go
C．have gone D．went
30．I'm sorry I left the book at home.I __B__ it to you by post，I promise.(2013，保定一模)
A．send B．will send
C．sent D．have sent
现在完成时
【经典再现】
31．Teresea isn't at home.I think she __A__ to the supermarket.(2014，邢台市一模)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．has gone B．has been
C．went D．goes
32．—I'd like to introduce my best friend to you，Peter.(2014，唐山路南区一模)
—Thank you，Lucy.But we __D__ already.
A．meet B．met
C．will meet D．have met
33．My father __D__ on business for two weeks.He'll return next week.(2014，承德一模)
A．left B．has left
C．has gone D．has been away
34．As the road to the airport is under repair, we will have to __D__ early to get there in time.
A．turn off B．take off
C．put off D．set off
35．—I won't go to see the film tonight，because I __C__ my ticket.
—Oh，what a pity！Maybe you have to buy another one.(2014，滦南县一模)
A．lost B．will lose
C．have lost D．didn't lose
36．With people's living standard improving，great changes in daily life __B__ recently.(2014，河北省方舟中考预测卷二)
A．took place B．have taken place
C．has taken place D．have been taken place
37．—Where __B__ John ______？
—To the library.He ______ there for an hour.(2014，河北省方舟中考预测卷六)
A．has，been；has gone B．has，gone；has been
C．did，go；went D．did，be；went
38．My cousin is a secretary.She __C__ in that country for over six years.(2014，河北省方舟中考预测卷八)
A．will work B．is working
C．has worked D．work
39．Don't return the video to Peter，I __C__ it.(2013，河北)
A．don't watch B．won't watch
C．haven't watched D．wasn't watching
40．Both his parents look sad，maybe they __C__ what happened to him.(2013，唐山路南区二模)
A．know B．knew
C．have known D．will know


时态
被动语态
例句
一般
现在时
am/is/are＋动词的过去分词
The flowers are often watered by her.
一般
过去时
was/were＋动词的过去分词
A farm was visited yesterday by us.
一般
将来时
will/shall＋be＋动词的过去分词
Some trees will be planted this week by her.
现在
进行时
am/is/are＋being＋动词的过去分词
A novel is being read by him.
续表：
时态
被动语态
例句
现在
完成时
have/has been＋动词的过去分词
His rooms have been cleaned by him.
过去
进行时
was/were being＋动词的过去分词
His rooms were being cleaned by him then.
过去
完成时
had been＋动词的过去分词
His rooms had been cleaned by him then.
过去
将来时
would/should be＋动词的过去分词
His rooms would be cleaned by him the next day.
含情态
动词
情态动词＋be＋动词的过去分词
Your homework must be finished in time.
【特例清单】
1．open，lock，write，read，sell，clean，wash，cut，drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表示被动意义。如：
This kind of shirt sells well here.
2．look，sound，taste，smell等系动词用主动形式表示被动意义。如：
School uniforms look good on us.
The cake smells delicious.
【经典再现】
41．Annie __C__ to the party.She had a wonderful time with us.(2013，河北)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．invites B．is invited
C．was invited D．has invited
42．The children __B__ to swim last month and they can swim very well now.(2006，河北)
A．are taught B．were taught
C．have taught D．taught
43．We __D__ to close the windows before we left the lab.(2007，河北)
A．tell B．told
C．are told D．were told
44．The pet dog is warm and loving. It __D__ as a daughter of my family.(2014，河北)
A．treats B．treated
C．was treated D．is treated
45．Don't put off today's work for tomorrow.I mean，today's work __D__ today.(2009，河北)
A．may do B．must do
C．may be done D．must be done
46．—Tell me one thing you've proud of in your junior high school, Tony.
—I __C__ as a captain of the school football team.(2014，嘉兴)
A．choose B．chose
C．was chosen D．am chosen
47．The Spring Festival __B__ in January or February.(2011，河北)
A．celebrates B．is celebrated
C．celebrated D．was celebrated
48．More money __D__ when we use both sides of paper.(2012，河北)
A．will save B．was saved
C．has saved D．will be saved
49．Anyone under 18 __C__ to drive when I was in that country.(2014，路北区一模)
A．doesn't allow B．haven't allowed
C．isn't allowed D．wasn't allowed
50.Last month, many trees __D__ along the streets to make our city more beautiful.(2014，淮安)
A．plant B．planted
C．are planted D．were planted


种类
构成
例句
主动语态中省去to的动词
变为被动语态时，省去的to要加上。
The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.
含双宾语的动词
把指人的宾语变为主语时，指物的宾语仍保留在谓语之后；指物的宾语变为主语时，指人的宾语前要加相应的介词。
I was given a present.
A present was given to me.
含短语的动词
短语是“动词＋介词”或“动词＋副词”时，变被动语态时，介词、副词不能丢。
The young man was sent away from school.
【经典再现】
51．Tom is often made __C__ for twelve hours a day by the boss.(2014，石家庄十八县市大联考)
A．work B．working
C．to work D．to be working
52．—Hey，Molly.You __C__ on the phone just now.But you weren't here and the man left a phone number.(2014，唐山市路南区一模)
—Oh？I was in the library.
A．wanted B．are wanted
C．were wanted D．have wanted
53．—Mary was heard __D__ just now. What happened?
—Joe was telling her some jokes.(2014，随州)
A．cry B．laugh C．to cry D．to laugh
54．The students in this school are made __B__ school uniforms on Monday.(2014，内江)
A．wearing B．to wear
C．wear D．worn
55．The old over 90 __B__ not only by their family but also by the government in many places.(2012，阜康、米泉)
A．is looked at B．are taken good care of
C．are taken good care D．is looking after
(十)非谓语动词

河北中考对非谓语动词的考查主要包括以下几个方面：1.动词不定式作宾语；2.动词不定式作目的状语；3.动名词作主语、宾语、宾语补足语等；4.不带to的动词不定式；5.动词不定式作宾语补足语。非谓语动词的用法灵活多变，系统性、综合性较强，要认真领悟它们的内涵，需要有句子结构方面的语法知识以及扎实的动词知识。预计2015年河北中考对非谓语动词的考查，不定式仍是考查热点。考生应该牢固掌握一些动词固定搭配的用法。
2011—2014年河北中考试题分析表

非谓语动词



年份
题号
题型
分值
2011
32
单项选择
1
2012
37
单项选择
1
2013
39
单项选择
1
2014
33
单项选择
1



功能
例句
主语
To speak English well isn't an easy job.
宾语
They decided to change their mind.
宾语补足语
He helps the little girl to finish her homework every day.
定语
He is always the first to come and the last to leave.
表语
Our plan is to set up another middle school for the children.
状语

目的
Every morning he gets up very early to exercise.
结果
He returned home to get his schoolbag.
【特例清单】
1．不定式作宾语
(1)一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：would like，want，wish，hope，decide，plan，expect等。如：
Would you like to see a film this evening?
(2)在find，think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。如：
I find it easy to read English every day.
(3)常见的一些不带to的动词不定式，如：why not do… ，had better(not) do… ，would rather do，could/would/will you please (not) do… 等。如：
I would rather stay at home.
2．不定式作宾语补足语
(a)不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如：
Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.
(b)tell，ask，want，allow，get，would like，encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：
My mother encourages me to learn Japanese.
【注意】　还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感(feel)、一帮(help)、二听(hear，listen to)、三让(let，make，have)、四看(look at，see，watch，notice)。但变被动语态时，必须加上to。
3．不定式作定语
(1)不定式作定语时，应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。
(2)如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。如：
There is nothing to worry about.
【经典再现】
1．The children decide __B__ their school yard this Friday afternoon.(2013，河北)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．clean B．to clean
C．cleaning D．cleaned
2．__A__ a book in the library，enter a key word into the computer.(2012，河北)
A．To find B．Find
C．To write D．Write
3．We are going for a picnic tomorrow.I'll call Wendy to make sure __B__．(2008，河北)
A．why to start B．when to start
C．what to start D．which to start
4．More and more young people are trying to do something __B__ the old.(2009，河北)
A．served B．to serve
C．serve D．serves
5．Whenever you have a chance __B__ English，you should take it.(2011，河北)
A．speak B．to speak
C．spoke D．speaks
6．Jenny, you should practice as often as you can __A__ the piano competition.(2014，宁波)
A．to win B．win
C．fail D．to fail
7．Nobody understood him so he stopped __A__ in another way.(2014，廊坊市大城县模拟卷)
A．to explain B．complaining
C．and explain D．explained
8．Sometimes，some students refuse __C__ exercises or homework.(2014，石家庄新华区二模)
A．finish B．finishing
C．to finish D．have finished
9．We don't know __C__ next.Let's go and ask Mr. Li.(2014，定兴县一模)
A．whether to do B．how to do
C．what to do D．where to do
10．How kind you are！You always do what you can __C__ me.(2014，定兴县一模)
A．help B．helping
C．to help D．helps


结构
例句
too… to结构
She is too young to go to school.
not＋不定式
The teacher told the students not to play soccer on the road.
疑问词＋不定式

主语
How to solve the problem is very important.
宾语
He didn't know what to say.
表语
The question is where to find the water.
for＋名词(代词的宾格)＋不定式
It is necessary for us to learn from each other.
of＋名词(代词的宾格)＋不定式
It is very kind of you to help me with my English.
【特例清单】
1．动词不定式作主语
动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末，其结构为：It＋be＋adj.＋(for/of sb.)＋动词不定式。如：
To learn English well is useful.
→It is useful to learn English well.
It's important for us to protect the environment.
【注意】　在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。如：
It's very kind of you to help me.
It's very clever of you to do like that.
2．不定式常和疑问词what，which，when，where，how连用，相当于一个宾语从句。如：
He didn't know where to go.
【经典再现】
11．—I'd like to take a trip to Beijing.Can you give me any ideas about __B__？
—I can tell you about the places I've visited.(2013，唐山路北区二模)
A．where go B．where to go
C．when to go D．when go
12．We have two rooms __C__，but I don't decide ______.(2013，唐山路南区一模)
A．to live；which one to choose
B．lived；choose which one
C．to live in；which one to choose
D．live；which one
13．We should do everything we can __B__ the environment.(2013，河北初中毕业基础与能力评价)
A．protect B．to protect
C．protecting D．protected
14．I find it useful __D__ along the Silk Road.It is about history and culture.(2013，保定摸底)
A．travels B．traveling
C．travelled D．to travel
15．So many kinds of sweets！I really can't decide __B__.(2014，保定定兴县毕业升学)
A．what to buy B．which to buy
C．to buy which D．to buy what
16．—I haven't seen my grandparents for long. I'm too busy __A__ them these days.(2014，凉山)
—Why not call them instead?
A．to visit B．visit
C．visiting D．visits
17．Girl students in our school are not allowed __B__ long hair.(2014，唐山路南区一模)
A．having B．to have
C．had D．have
18．They hoped __D__ the secret forever.(2014，邯郸市二模)
A．keep B．kept
C．keeping D．to keep
19．Cathy，Tony's granddaughter，an eight­year­old girl，advised him __C__ smoking.(2014，张家口一模)
A．give up B．gave up
C．to give up D．giving up
20．It's dangerous __D__ a close look at the tiger in the zoo.(2013，宿迁)
A．for us taking B．of us to take
C．of us taking D．for us to take


功能
例句
主语
Skating on the thin ice is dangerous.
宾语
I finished doing my homework.
表语
The nurse's job is looking after the patients.
定语
She is reading in the reading room.
宾语补足语
He kept the machine running for ten hours.
状语
They went out of the classroom，talking and laughing.
【特例清单】
1．英语中一些词后常跟动名词作宾语，初中阶段这类词有：finish(完成)，mind(介意)，be worth(值得)，be busy(忙于)，practice(练习)，have fun(玩得高兴)，feel like(想要)，be used to(习惯于)，consider(考虑)，enjoy(喜欢)等。
2．几组动词接不定式及动名词辨析：
(1)stop doing/stop to do
stop doing sth.停止做某事
stop to do sth.停止、中断做某事后去做另一件事
(2)forget doing/forget to do
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(事情已做)
forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事(事情没做)
(3)remember doing/remember to do
remember doing sth.记得做过某事(事情已做)
remember to do sth.记得要去做某事(事情没做)
(4)try doing/try to do
try doing sth.尝试着去做某事
try to do sth.设法或努力去做某事
(5)go on doing/go on to do
go on doing sth.继续不停地做同一件事情
go on to do sth.做完一件事，接着去做另外一件事
(6)allow doing sth./allow sb. to do sth.
allow doing sth.允许做某事
allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
(7)regret doing/regret to do
regret doing sth.对做过的事情感到遗憾、后悔(已做)
regret to do sth.对要做的事感到遗憾(未做)
【经典再现】
21．I know it's not important，but I can't help __C__ about it.(2013，石家庄28中质检题)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．to think B．and think
C．thinking D．think
22．—How can I improve my spoken English?
—You have to practice __B__ as much as you can.(2014，长安区毕业考试)
A．writing B．speaking
C．to read D．to listen
23．—Would you mind __B__ in the dining hall?
—Of course not.(2013，宜宾)
A．not to smoke B．not smoking
C．smoke D．not smoke
24．I spent $ 5 __C__ this book.(2013，雅安)
A．in B．to buy
C．buying D．buy
25．—Grandpa has changed a lot.(2014，黄冈)
—So he has. He spends more time than he used to __C__ games with the children.
A．play B．played
C．playing D．plays
26．—What do you usually have for breakfast?
—I used to __A__ dumplings, but these days, I'm used to ______ bread and milk.(2014，随州)
A．eat；having B．eating；having
C．eating；have D．eat；have
27．—Can you finish __D__ these books before 10 o'clock?
—Yes，I can.(2013，雅安)
A．to read B．read C．reads D．reading
28．—Who's the boy in white T­shirt __D__ under the tree?
—My friend.(2013，安顺)
A．stand B．to stand
C．stood D．standing
29．Paul looks forward to __B__ his pen pal as soon as possible.(2014，梅州)
A．meet B．meeting C．meets D．met
30．—Would you like __B__ camping with me?
—I'd like to. But I'm busy ______ my homework.(2013，滨州)
A．to go；to do B．to go；doing
C．going；to do D．going；doing
(十一)简单句和并列句

近几年对简单句的考查主要体现在对陈述句、感叹句、疑问句和祈使句上，对并列句的考查主要是并列句的构成、并列连词和从属连词。预计2015年对简单句的考查仍以感叹句、反意疑问句为主，对并列句的考查以并列连词和从属连词为主。
2011—2014年河北中考试题分析表

名词



年份
题号
题型
分值
2011
39
单项选择
1
2012
29，32
单项选择
2
2013
32，40
单项选择
2
2014
32
单项选择
1



构成
类型
例句
由一个主语(含并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成


1.S＋Vi
An accident happened yesterday.

2.S＋V＋P
Your idea sounds good.

3.S＋Vt＋O
We want to see him.

4.S＋Vt＋O＋O
My father made me a kite.

5.S＋Vt＋O＋C
He made us stand here.

考点二　陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句

分类
用途
例句
陈
述
句


肯定
肯定的陈述，表示“是如此”
They usually go to school by bike.
I get up at six o'clock in the morning.
否定
否定的陈述，表示“不是如此”
They won't go to the park tomorrow.
I can't speak a little Chinese.
疑
问
句


一般
疑问
句
询问一件事或情况是否属实
Is this your schoolbag?
Have you been to Shanghai？
特殊
疑问
句
针对句子某一具体成分提问
What does your father do?
Where is Mike from？
选择
疑问
句
提供两种或两种以上的情况供对方选择
—Is your friend a boy or a girl?
—He is a boy.
反意
疑问
句
由陈述句＋简短问句组成，问话者欲对陈述句部分的内容做进一步证实
—There is a book on the desk，isn't there?
—Yes，there is./No，there isn't.
祈使句
表示命令、请求、建议、劝告等
Come in，please.
Let's go to school.
感叹句
表示惊讶、喜悦、愤怒等感情，常用what或how引导
What beautiful flowers!
How clever the girl is！
【特例清单】
1．否定的一般疑问句通常以be动词、情态动词或助动词与not的缩略形式开头，往往表示惊讶、赞叹、怀疑等语气。作简略回答时也要用yes或no，但其汉语翻译与其原意正好相反。如：
—Don't you hear of that？你没有听说过吗？
—Yes，I do.不，我听说过。
—No，I don't.是的，我没有听说过。
2．特殊的反意疑问句
(1)当陈述部分含有否定意义的词如hardly，few，little，no，nobody，no one，nothing等时，附加疑问部分须用肯定形式。但若陈述部分含有带否定前缀如im­，un­，in­，dis­等的派生词，仍作为肯定结构，附加疑问句部分用否定句。
(2)I am… 反意疑问句附加疑问句部分应为aren't。
(3)如果陈述部分是肯定或否定的祈使句，疑问部分须用will you。
(4)当陈述部分是let's do sth.时，疑问部分须用shall we来反问；而当陈述部分是let sb. do sth.等时，疑问部分仍然用will you来反问。
(5)当陈述部分主语是不定代词nobody，somebody，no one等时，疑问部分须用复数代词they，也可以用he；当陈述部分主语是不定代词nothing，something时，疑问部分须用代词it。
(6)若陈述部分为there be句型，附加疑问部分仍用there。
3．不能出现在同一个句子里的连词
(1)because(因为)，so(所以)不能出现在同一个句子里，只能用其一。
(2)(al)though(虽然)，but(但是)不能出现在同一个句子里，只能用其一。但though可以与still或yet连用。如：
Though he was tired，he still worked hard.
陈述句和疑问句
【经典再现】
1．—What's your uncle?
—__A__．(2014，长安区质检)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．A worker B．He is nice
C．She is a nurse D．Working
2．—__C__ does your brother play tennis after work?
—Every Saturday.(2014，张家口市一模)
A．How long B．How soon
C．How often D．How far
3．He's flown to Qingdao for summer holidays，__C__ he？(2006，河北)
A．isn't B．wasn't C．hasn't D．doesn't
4．You bought a new computer last week，__C__ you？(2007，河北)
A．aren't B．don't
C．didn't D．haven't
5．—__B__ will you graduate from your middle school?
—In about one month.(2014，邯郸市二模)
A．How far B．How soon
C．How often D．How long
6．—When will you finish your homework，Jack?
—__D__．(2014，石家庄长安质检)
A．For half an hour B．After an hour
C．By the half hour D．In an hour
7．—__A__ will the meeting begin?
—In five minutes.(2014，唐山市路南区二模)
A．How soon B．How often
C．How long D．How fast
8．—__B__ did you pay for the CD?
—Only nine dollars.(2012，河北)
A．How many B．How much
C．How long D．How often
9．—__B__ does Mrs.Li wash her car?
—Once a week.(2014，定州一模)
A．How long B．How often
C．How for D．How soon
10．—Haven't you heard from your sister?
—__A__．She wrote a letter to me last week.(2014，河北省方舟中考预测卷二)
A．Yes，I have B．No，I haven't
C．Yes，I did D．No，I didn't
祈使句
【经典再现】
11．__A__ hard，or you can't pass the English exam.(2014，河北省方舟中考预测卷五)
A．Work B．To work
C．Working D．Worked
12．Mike，__C__ throw it on the floor，put it into the litter basket.(2013，邯郸一模)
A．not B．doesn't C．don't D．can't
13．__A__ play with fire. ______ with fire is dangerous.(2014，梅州)
A．Don't；Playing B．Not；Playing
C．Don't；Play D．Not to；To play
14．—Don't forget to give my best wishes to your uncle.
—__B__．(2013，烟台)
A．No，I don't B．No，I won't
C．Yes，I do D．Yes，I would
15．—Be sure to calm down and read every sentence carefully!
—__A__．(2013，白银)
A．OK，I'll do it B．Never mind
C．It's OK D．Not at all
16．Tell me the way to the cinema，__A__ you？(2013，泸洲)
A．will B．need C．shall D．may
17．—Please don't throw paper on the ground.
—__C__，I won't.(2013，徐州)
A．Excuse me B．That's all right
C．Sorry D．It doesn't matter
18．__A__ wake up your sister, Ben. She needs a good sleep.(2014，重庆)
A．Don't B．Doesn't C．Aren't D．Can't
19．—__C__ keep water running when you are brushing your teeth.
—OK.I know we must save every drop of water.
A．Why not B．Please
C．Don't D．Stop
20．—What can we do to deal with the problem?
—Let's discuss it after the meeting，__D__？
A．will you B．don't we
C．won't you D．shall we
感叹句
【经典再现】
21．__A__ pretty your dress is！Where did you get it？(2007，河北)
A．How B．How a C．What D．What a
22．__B__ wonderful movie！We like it very much.(2008，河北)
A．What B．What a C．How D．How a
23．Mary got good grades in school.__C__ excited she is！(2009，河北)
A．What B．What a C．How D．How a
24．Look at the photo of the Smiths.__A__ happy they are！(2011，河北)
A．How B．What C．How a D．What a
25．__D__ great picture！Who painted it？(2013，河北)
A．How B．What C．How a D．What a
26．__B__ nice flowers！Where did you pick them？(2014，廊坊市大城县)
A．How B．What C．What a D．How a
27．__C__ hard the farmers are working in the field！(2014，保定毕业考试)
A．What B．What a C．How D．How a
28．__B__ interesting news report he gave us！(2014，张家口一模)
A．What a B．What C．What an D．How
29．__C__ fat sheep they are！(2014，唐山路北区一模)
A．How B．How a C．What D．What a
30．__B__ he is speaking！I can't follow him.
A．How slow B．How fast
C．How soon D．What slowly


构成
意义
常用连词
简单句＋并列连词＋简单句


表示引申
和并列
and，not only… but also，as well as，neither… nor

表示选择
or，either… or

表示转折
but，while，only

表示缘由
for，so…

【特例清单】
and和or用于否定句中
(1)当列举成分是主语，又在否定词前时，用and连接，而当列举成分在否定词之后时，用or构成完全否定。如：
Lucy and Lily can't speak Chinese.
I can't sing or dance.
(2)在否定句中，如果所连接的两部分都有否定词，那么用and不用or连接。如：
There is no water and no air on the moon.
【经典再现】
31．Jenny has left for Beijing，__B__ nobody knows when she left.(2013，石家庄18县模拟联考)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．and B．but C．so D．or
32．Nancy looked around，__D__ didn't see anybody.(2014，承德市兴隆县一模)
A．so B．and C．or D．but
33．She went to the shops __A__ couldn't find anything that could fit her needs.(2014，邢台市一模)
A．but B．or C．so that D．since
34．Carry on，__B__ you won't reach the top.(2014，河北省中考方舟预测卷三)
A．and B．or C．but D．so
35．Tony wanted to take some good photos，__C__ he lost his camera.(2014，河北省中考方舟预测卷四)
A．and B．or C．but D．so
(十二)复合句

近几年对复合句的考查主要包括宾语从句(包括直接引语与间接引语的互换)、状语从句和定语从句。预计2015年对宾语从句的考查仍然会是宾语从句的语序和时态，状语从句中连词的选择和时态；对定语从句的考查重点是关系代词的选用。
2011—2014年河北中考试题分析表

名词



年份
题号
题型
分值
2011
43，45
单项选择
2
2012
36，45
单项选择
2
2013
35，44，48
单项选择，完形填空
3
2014
38，45
单项选择
2


在句子中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。学习宾语从句要注意三个方面：连接词、语序和时态。
1．连接词
宾语从句的连接词及其作用和例句见下表：

连接词
作用
例句
that
本身无意义，在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用，常常可以省略。
Kim said(that) he would go to Canada the next month.
if，whether
意为“是否”，在从句中不充当句子成分，但不能省略。
He asked me if/whether Jane was good at swimming.
what，who，
whose，
whom，
which
在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、定语等，不能省略。
I wonder what they are going to do this weekend.
when，
where，
why，how
在从句中作状语，不能省略。
Do you know how they found the museum？
2.语序
宾语从句必须是陈述句语序。当把两个独立的句子连成一个含有宾语从句的复合句时，要特别注意宾语从句的语序。如：
When will Mr Black come back？Do you know？→
Do you know when Mr Black will come back?
3．时态
宾语从句的时态一般与主句的时态保持一致：如果主句是现在的某种时态，则宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定；如果主句是过去的某种时态，则宾语从句一般要用相应的过去的某种时态。如：
I remember he bought a bag yesterday.
My brother told me that he would join a chess club.
【注意】　如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时，不管主句的谓语动词是什么时态，宾语从句的谓语动词一律使用一般现在时。如：
He told me that the earth is round.
【经典再现】
1．The policeman wanted to take the little girl home，so he wondered __D__．(2014，保定毕业试题)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．how she came here B．why she came here
C．who she lives with D．where she lived
2.I didn't understand __C__，so I raised my hand to ask.(2007，河北)
A．what my teacher says
B．what does my teacher say
C．what my teacher said
D．what did my teacher say
3．You are growing so fast.Can you tell me __D__ now？(2008，河北)
A．how fast are you B．how fast you are
C．how tall are you D．how tall you are
4．The new­designed car is on show now.I wonder __C__.(2009，河北)
A．how much it cost B．how much did it cost
C．how much it costs D．how much does it cost
5．Your T­shirt is so cool.Could you tell me __C__？(2010，河北)
A．where you buy it B．where do you buy it
C．where you bought it D．where did you buy it
6．Jenny is on holiday now.I wonder __A__．(2011，河北)
A．when she will come back
B．when she came back
C．when will she come back
D．when did she came back
7．Our teachers always give us good advice.We should follow __B__．(2012，河北)
A．what they say B．what they said
C．which they say D．which they said
8．If you can't find the place，I will show you __C__．(2013，河北)
A．what it is B．what it was
C．where it is D．where it was
9．—Do you know __C__？
—Paris.He went there yesterday to take part in an important meeting.(2014，唐山路北区)
A．where did John go B．what did John do
C．where John is D．where John is going
10．They wanted to know __D__ the sports meeting.(2014，丰南区一模)
A．when will they have
B．when they will have
C．when would they have
D．when they would have

　　

状
语
从
句


时间
状语
从句
when/while/
as，before，
after，since，
until ，
as soon as
She was cooking when someone knocked at the door.
He often went to the concert while he stayed in Berlin.
I didn't go to bed until she came back.
条件
状语
从句
if，
as long as，
unless
I'll go to see you if I have time.
They will have a picnic unless it rains next Sunday.
原因
状语
从句
because，since，as，for
He didn't catch the first bus because he got up too late.
We should study hard since we are students.
状
语
从
句


目的
状语
从句
so that，
in order that
Please say it in a loud voice so that everyone can hear it.
结果
状语
从句
so that，so… that/such… that
It's so hot that we want to go swimming.
It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it away.
让步
状语
从句
though/
although，
even，if
He would not be happy though he should have to live alone.
比较
状语
从句
than，
as… as，
not as/so… as
He ran as fast as Mike.
【经典再现】
11．The manager __D__ nothing about the matter ______ he read his secretary's report.(2014，河北省中考方舟预测卷一)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．had known；when B．has known；before
C．will know；after D．knew；until
12．If she __D__ take enough exercise she will be fatter and fatter.(2014，廊坊市大城县)
A．isn't B．don't C．won't D．doesn't
13．Many students didn't realize the importance of study __B__ they left school.(2014，滦南县一模)
A．when B．until C．after D．unless
14．I was watching TV __C__ my brother was writing an e­mail at home at this time last night.(2014，梅州)
A．as soon as B．after
C．while D．until
15．—Will you please give the dictionary to Jane?
—Sure，I'll give it to her as soon as she __D__ here.(2014，定州一模)
A．is arriving B．has arrived
C．will arrive D．arrives
16．We __C__ shopping unless it ______ tomorrow.(2014，丰南区一模)
A．will go；will rain B．go；will rain
C．will go；rains D．go；rains
17．I'm going to take him to some famous hutongs __C__ he can learn more about China.(2014，盐城)
A．because B．when
C．so that D．as if
18．The city park will be cleaner __B__ people stop dropping litter here and there.(2014，河北省中考方舟预测卷二)
A．while B．if C．unless D．before
19．I really enjoyed your lecture，__C__ there were some parts I didn't understand.(2014，河北省中考方舟预测卷三)
A．because B．unless C．though D．after
20．Susan won't arrive at the airport on time __D__ she hurries up.(2014，河北省中考方舟预测卷四)
A．once B．if C．or D．unless


关系代词/
关系副词
作用
先行词
例句
that，who，whom
that，who在从句中作主语或宾语；whom在从句中作宾语。作宾语时常可省略。
人
Do you know the boy who/that has got an A in the exam?
The girl(that/who/whom) you just talked to is Linda.
that，which
主语或宾语。作宾语时常可省略。
物
The story (that/which) my grandma told me was very exciting.
　　定语从句中引导词只能用that的情况：
1．当先行词为anything，everything，nothing等不定代词时，只能使用“that”。如：
Is there anything that I can do for you?
2．当先行词为all，any，much，many等词时，只能使用“that”。如：
Tom told her mother all that had happened.
3．当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，只能使用“that”。如：
This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.
4．当先行词被序数词修饰时，只能使用“that”。如：He was the first person that passed the exam.
5．当先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last修饰时，只能使用“that”。如：
This will be the last chance that he can get.
He is the only person that can help you out.
6．先行词里同时含有人和物时，只能使用“that”。
如：They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.
【经典再现】
21．I'll never forget the days __A__ we spent together in the country.(2014，丰南区一模)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．which B．on which C．when D．on that
22．I like the stamps __A__ Nancy sent me.(2014，石家庄长安区一模)
A．which B．what C．where D．who
23．The man __C__ came to our party with a gift is my good friend.(2014，定州一模)
A．when B．which C．who D．whose
24．It's difficult to catch the people __B__ put up small ads at night.(2014，唐山市路北区一模)
A．which B．who C．where D．/
25．Do you know the girl __B__ is reading under the tree？(2014，滦南县一模)
A．which B．who C．what D．whom
26．—Which is your new neighbour, Liu hua?
—The man __C__ T­shirt is red.(2014，泰安)
A．that B．who C．whose D．which
27．This is the dictionary __A__ Mum gave me for my birthday.(2008，河北)
A．which B．what C．whose D．whom
28．Sorry，we don't have the coat __D__ you need.(2009，河北)
A．what B．who C．whom D．which
29．There are lots of things __B__ I need to prepare before the trip.(2010，河北)
A．who B．that C．whom D．whose
30．The teachers __A__ came for a visit are foreigners.(2011，河北)
A．who B．whom C．whose D．which
(十三)主谓一致

主谓一致是初中阶段的重要语法项目之一，经常出现在近几年的中考试卷中。考查重点是主谓一致的语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则，其中主谓一致原则和就近一致原则是历年的考查热点。从命题形式来看，主要以单项选择为主，在完形填空、句型转换和翻译句子中有时也会涉及此考点。
2011—2014年河北中考试题分析表

主谓一致



年份
题号
题型
分值
2011
28
单项选择
1
2012
29
单项选择
1
2013
/
/
/
2014
/
/
/



“不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、从句”等用作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
The girl is fond of singing.
Reading in the sun is bad for our eyes.
表示复数的名词、代词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。
The students are having their math class.
and连接主语时，如果该并列主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或事物，谓语动词用复数形式；如果该并列主语指的是“同一个人或事物”(即and后面的名词前面没有冠词)，则谓语动词要用单数形式。
The writer and teacher is coming.
The writer and the teacher are coming.
both… and… 连接主语，谓语动词用复数形式。
Both Peter and Mike come from England.
有些只有复数形式的名词(如glasses，shorts，trousers，jeans，shoes，clothes，gloves等)作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Jack's glasses are broken.
Linda's shoes are black and blue.
“a number of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
A number of trees have been planted.
The number of the men teachers in our school is more than 120.
不定代词another，each one，either，neither somebody，someone，something，nobody，everyone，everything，nothing，anybody等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Is everyone here?
Something is wrong with my computer.
I called last night，but nobody was in.
主语后面跟with，along with，like，except，besides，as well as，together with，including，no less than，rather than，as much as等词或短语时，谓语动词的数与主语保持一致。
Meimei，with her parents，often goes to the park on Sunday.
A teacher，together with some students，is standing at the gate.
主语前面有表示“单位、度量”的短语如“a kind(form/pair/cup/glass/piece/box/ton/metre… )of”等时，表示“单位、度量”的这个名词的单复数决定谓语的单复数形式。
This kind of car is made in China.
Three pieces of paper are needed.
续表：
“分数或百分数＋名词”作主语或“a lot of/lots of，plenty of，most of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于名词。若名词是单数可数名词或者是不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数形式；若名词是可数名词复数，则谓语动词用复数形式。
Two thirds of the work has been finished.
Most of the books are written in English.
【特例清单】
1.what从句作主语时，如果表示的是单数意义，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果表示的是复数意义，则谓语动词用复数形式。如：
What we need is time.
What she needs are good books.
2．and连接并列主语，若前面有each，every，many，no等词修饰时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。如：
Each boy and each girl has got a present.
【经典再现】
1．The students as well as their teacher __A__ listening to music in their spare time.(2013，邯郸二模)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．like B．likes C．liked D．like to
2．It's no doubt that Diaoyu Islands，as well as Taiwan，__B__ to China since ancient times.(2013，石家庄桥东区模拟检测)
A．belongs B．have belonged
C．belong D．has belonged
3．Everyone __D__ I come from Sichuan.Actually，I come from Shandong.(2010，河北)
A．find B．think C．finds D．thinks
4.Lin Tao with Jim __B__ there when the meeting began.(2014，唐山路北区一模)
A．it B．was C．are D．were
5．All the food except the noodles __A__ delicious.(2014，石家庄长安区一模)
A．is B．are C．am D．was
6．Climbing hills __A__ good for our health.(2014，黔东南)
A．is B．are C．was D．were
7．The young trees along the road __C__ last week.(2014，长安区一模)
A．planted B．was planted
C．were planted D．are planted
8．There __B__ a number of volunteers in the club and the number of them ______ growing larger and larger.(2014，滦南县一模)
A．is；are B．are；is
C．have；is D．have；are
9．The child without parents __A__ good care of by his teachers in his school.(2013，梅州)
A．is taken B．are taken
C．take D．takes
10．This pair of shoes __D__ hand，and it ______ very comfortable.(2013，黄石)
A．is made with；is felt B．are made from；is felt
C．are made of；feels D．is made by；feels


有些集体名词如crowd，family，team，group，government，class，staff，public等，它们作主语时，谓语动词的数要根据具体语境而定：若它们表示一个集体单位，则动词用单数形式；若表示集体中的成员，则谓语用复数形式。
His family isn't large.
His family are fond of watching sports programs.
有些集体名词如people，police等，形式上是单数，而意义上却表示复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；有些名词如news，means，works，physics，politics，maths等，形式上是复数，而意义上却表示单数，因此谓语动词用单数形式。
The police are searching for the murder.
Physics is really difficult for me.
“the＋某些形容词”可以表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
The young are energetic.
表示重量、度量、时间、长度、价格、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，通常视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。
Two pounds isn't so heavy.
Two months is a long holiday.
Ten minus five is five.
【特例清单】
1．某些以­s结尾的地理名称，如果是国名，如the United States，the Netherlands等，谓语动词用单数形式；如果是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名称作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
The United States is a developed country.
The Niagara Falls are perhaps the most splendid waterfall in the world.
2．none如果指量，动词用单数；若用来指数目，与可数名词连用，谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可；none如果代指不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数。如：
None of the money belongs to me.
None of the students has/have been to Egypt in our class.
3．“all/most/half/the rest of＋名词”作主语，谓语动词与of后面的名词的数保持一致。如：
Most of her money is spent on clothes.
Half of the students watch TV twice a week.
【经典再现】
11．History proves Diaoyu Islands __C__ China's.(2013，石家庄初中毕业质检题)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．is B．was C．are D．were
12．—How much __A__ the pair of shoes?
—Twenty dollars ______ enough.(2013，唐山路南区一模)
A．is；is B．is；are C．are；is D．are；are
13．Physics __B__ more interesting than maths，I think.(2006，河北)
A．are B．is C．was D．were
14．The news __A__ very interesting！Tell me more！(2009，河北)
A．is B．are C．were D．was
15．I hear one third of the books in our library __B__ new.Let's borrow some.(2014，定州一模)
A．is B．are C．was D．were
16．—Maths __A__ my favourite subject，what about you？(2013，广安)
—Physics ______．I think it's very interesting.
A．is；is B．are；are C．are；is
17．—How soon can you finish this job?
—Two days __A__ enough for me to finish the work.I need a week.(2012，自贡)
A．isn't B．aren't C．is
18．The first day of school，my teacher says “I” __C__ a word in English.(2014，定兴县一模)
A．are B．am C．is D．be
19．Don't worry.There __C__ plenty of time for us to do it.(2014，河北省中考方舟预测卷一)
A．are B．have C．is D．has
20．—What do you think of the environment here?
—Wonderful！__D__ of the land ______ covered with trees and grass.(2014，随州)
A．Two fifth；are B．Two fifths；are
C．Two fifth；is D．Two fifths；is


由or，either… or… ，nor，neither… nor… ，whether… or… ，not… but… ，not only… but also… 等连词连接并列主语时，谓语动词必须与它相邻的主语保持一致。
Neither you nor he is wrong.
Not only Jim but also his friends are enjoying the film.
Here/There be句型中句子的主语在be之后，系动词必须与它相邻的主语保持一致。
Here are some books and paper for you.
There is an orange and two apples on the plate.
【经典再现】
21．Not only my friends but also my father __B__ interested in the new film.(2013，邯郸一模)
A．are B．is C．am D．were
22．There __A__ only one phrase and a few words in Lesson One.I think it is easy.(2013，石家庄18县模拟联考)
A．is B．are C．was D．were
23．There __B__ many new words in Lesson One.It is very easy.(2013，河北初中毕业押题卷〈蓝〉)
A．is B．aren't C．isn't D．are
24．—The environment here is better than before.
—I agree.There __B__ less pollution now.(2013，唐山路南区二模)
A．are B．is C．were D．was
25．—There __A__ several activities this weekend.
—Yeah.Exciting news！(2013，河北初中毕业基础与能力评价)
A．are going to be B．is going to be
C．is going to have D．will have
26．There __D__ lots of people at the restaurant when I got there.(2011，河北)
A．is B．was C．are D．were
27．__C__ something wrong with my bike.Can I use yours？(2012，河北)
A．It is B．It was
C．There is D．There was
28．—I'd like you to tell me something about Shen Nongjia.(2013，孝感)
—I'm sorry，but neither Jack nor I __A__ there.
A．have been B．has been
C．have gone D．has gone
29．Not only my friends but also I __B__ interested in football and Messi is our favorite star.(2013，梅州)
A．be B．am C．is D．are
30．—Why are you late，Jim?
—Because there __C__ a lot of traffic when I came here.(2012，泰州)
A．is B．are C．was D．were
§2.情景交际

情景交际是中考的高频考点之一。近年来，全国大部分省、市越来越注重对情景交际的考查，侧重对情景会话能力的测试，考查学生在特定的对话情景中运用日常交际用语的能力。内容上侧重考查以打电话、购物、看病、约会等为主题的对话，辅以考查问候、介绍、告别、感谢、祝愿、请求、允许、表示同意等话题。预计2015年中考命题会加大对交际用语的考查力度，特别是交际用语中有关表达祝愿、赞美、感谢、道歉、征询意见或看法等的知识点将是考查热点。

1．熟练记忆初中阶段教材中出现的各类情境交际的表达方式，对大纲中规定的常用交际话题如：打电话、看病、购物、问路、问候、介绍、就餐、祝愿、聚会、询问时间、过生日、请求和提供帮助、转告传递信息等要熟练掌握，融会贯通，并能够结合具体情境灵活运用。
2．了解西方国家的社会、历史背景知识及风土人情，掌握中、西方国家在语言、文化方面的差异。
3．根据具体情景，正确判断出对话涉及的内容，以便使用相应的表达方式。
4．问话或答语要遵循口语交际的特点，不能脱离具体的语境，不要照搬照套语法规则。英语中的情景交际回答时一般要遵循三个原则：礼貌原则、利他原则和英语文化习惯。
【经典再现】
1．—Did you have a good weekend?
—__D__．I enjoyed myself with my family on the beach.(2013，邯郸一模)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A．I am afraid not B．I hope so
C．I'm not sure D．Of course
2．—You are always talking about your pet cat.What does it look like?
—__C__．(2013，石家庄42中一模)
A．It likes fish B．It likes playing with me
C．It's small and white D．It likes everything
3．—What a heavy rain！Will it last long?
—__A__．We're getting into the rainy season now.(2013，邯郸二模)
A．I'm afraid so B．I'm afraid not
C．Of course not D．That's impossible
4．—Do you think it will be warm tomorrow?
—__D__．It has been too cold for many days.(2013，桥东区模拟)
A．I'm afraid so B．So it is
C．Of course not D．I hope so
5．—Will you join us for lunch?
—__B__．(2014，邯郸市二模)
A．No，I don't B．Yes，with pleasure
C．No，help yourself D．Yes，please
6．—__C__？(2014，河北省中考方舟预测卷一)
—Show me the latest scarf，please.
A．What should I do B．How to help you
C．Can I help you D．What do you want
7．—Are you sure you can do well in today's test?
—__B__．I've got everything ready.(2014，河北省中考方舟预测卷三)
A．I'm afraid not B．I think so
C．I hope not D．It's hard to say
8．—Mum，I've got the first prize in the photo competition.
—__D__！(2014，河北省中考方舟预测卷四)
A．Good luck B．Not at all
C．Good idea D．Congratulation
9．—Would you like to come to my house to watch the Voice of China together?
—__D__．(2014，河北省中考方舟预测卷五)
A．Great！I can't stand it
B．Yes，I'd love to，but I don't mind it
C．Good idea，but I'm not sure
D．No problem
10．—Would you like to go to the costume party with me?
—__D__．(2014，河北省中考方舟预测卷六)
A．Good luck to you
B．It doesn't matter
C．I'm sorry to hear that
D．Sorry，I'm afraid I can't