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人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 3 The internet教案设计
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这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 3 The internet教案设计，共10页。
教材分析
Warming Up prvides tw activities t spark students' interest in the tpic.Of curse，befre the class，the students must have gathered sme infrmatin t make preparatins fr this class.Many kinds f their favrite sea animals are presented in their vivid pictures.Students are encuraged t intrduce them using sme new expressins such as at an aquarium，n a snrkelling trip.
Pre－reading is designed t further stimulate their interest in the tpic f the unit.Meanwhile，students may have sme basic infrmatin abut the text.
The reading passage Old Tm the Killer Whale tells abut tw anecdtes witnessed by the writer himself.The teacher can first get students t skim the text fr the characters in the tw anecdtes and get the main idea f each anecdte.Then let them scan fr further understanding.In rder t let students pay attentin t the writer's vivid descriptin，the teacher can ask them t d a blank－filling exercise in pairs t find ut sme key verbs and verb phrases.Having dne this，students must have had a very clear understanding f the whle hunting and saving prcess.T make their understanding easier，the teacher shuld deal with any language prblems while they are reading.And then underline sme useful wrds and expressins.
Fr further thinking，students are expected t wrk in pairs r grups.They will discuss the prblems and wrk ut the answers cperatively，chsing a reprter in their grup.Students will think actively，s varius answers are pssible.
T cnslidate the cntents f the reading passage，students shuld be required t retell the passage in the name f Old Tm r the baleen whale r James with as many key wrds as pssible.
At the end f the class，by hlding a debate，the teacher can aruse students' interest further as well as make them aware f the relatinship between man and animals and the imprtance f banning whaling.
三维目标
知识目标
1．Get students t learn the useful new wrds and expressins in this part：anecdte，annual，witness，accmmdatin，shre，ppsite，yell，pause，telescpe，teamwrk，dive，depth，lip，urge，abandn，shark，relatinship，
2．Let students learn abut several different types f whales，especially the killer whales.
能力目标
1．Enable the students t learn t talk abut their favrite sea animals.
2．Develp students' reading ability by learning t read abut the killer whales and let them learn different learning skills.
3．Develp their creative thinking ability.
情感目标
1．Aruse students' great interest in sea animals.
2．Make them aware f the relatinship between man and animals and the imprtance f banning whaling.
3．Develp students' sense f cperative learning.
教学重点
1．Reading cmprehensin t the text.
2．Learning mre abut the killer whales and understanding the relatinship between the killer whales and the whalers.
3．Imprtant wrds and expressins.
教学难点
1．The relatinship between the killer whales and the whalers.
2．Develp students' reading ability.
教学方法
1．Individual，pair and grup wrk.
2．Task－based teaching and learning.
3．Quiz，discussin，blank－filling，retelling，debate.
教学工具
A cmputer and a prjectr.
教学过程
Step 1 Warming up
1．Ask sme students t shw sme pictures f their favrite sea animals and intrduce them t the class.The intrductin shuld cver these aspects：
·The English and Chinese name f yur favrite sea animal.
·Where did yu find it?
·Sme features f it，its distributin，r living cnditin.Anything abut it is welcme.
·Why d yu like it?
Sample intrductin：
①My favrite sea animal is dlphins(海豚)．I fund them at an aquarium this summer hliday.Dlphins are very meek(温顺的)．Neither as timid animals in virgin frests wh run away immediately they discver a stranger，nr as beasts in remte muntains wh bare fangs and brandish claws the mment they encunter a persn，dlphins are always friendly with peple.Dlphins and human beings have been n friendly terms all alng.
I like dlphins，because dlphins are truly intellectual.They can even imitate sme peple's vice after a perid f training.Yet，dlphins have intelligence different frm cmmn animals.The vlume and mass f their brain are amng the mst cnsiderable in the animal wrld.Up t the present mment，scientists have tw different views n animals' intelligence：ne is that f all animals，chimps are the mst intellectual and capable；anther is that chimps are n mre capable f studying than dlphins，and it is prbable that dlphins are mre intellectual than chimps.Therefre，sme peple cnsider dlphins as “wizards in the sea”．
When mentining dlphins，peple will prbably speak highly f their supernrmal intelligence and ability.In that aquarium，it is cmmn that dlphins are giving a wnderful perfrmance by fllwing the trainer's instructins.They seem t be capable f understanding what mankind expresses and taking actins accrding t the instructins.At present，the majrity f peple marvel at dlphins' supernrmal intelligence as a kind f sea animal.But t what extent can dlphins' intelligence and ability achieve？It remains t be prbed and researched.
[来源:Z。xx。k.Cm]
②My favrite sea animal is trpical fish(热带鱼)．I fund them n a snrkelling trip.I was attracted by its clrful appearance.In the half an hur's trip frm the shre，I fund cral reefs，trpical fish and ther marine life.Excitedly，I bught sme fishes hme.It was my first time t raise trpical fish.One mnth ag my friend tld me that trpical fish are easier t raise than the glden fish.Her wrds let me think f anther friend f mine.He is raising trpical fish.I am feeding fur categries f trpical fish.Tw black marry，eight peaccks，anther tw fishes，althugh I dn't knw their names，are the mst beautiful.The peacck is the smallest and isn't clrful as I have seen in ther places befre.My friend tld me they will be beautiful when they grw up.S I put the eight peacck fish int a small fish jar.I bserves them every day and is expecting them t be bigger and mre clrful.Tw f the fur big trpical fishes have died including the beautiful ne.Perhaps the beautiful fish's life is fragile.If it is true，then I dn't expect the small peaccks t turn beautiful.I shuldn't be s greedy t want bth.That they just have strng life is enugh fr me.
2．The teacher shw the picture f a killer whale and d a small quiz abut it.
(1)What's the Chinese and English name f this whale?
虎鲸Killer whales
(2)Can yu match these whales with their Chinese and English names？(Shw students sme pictures f different whales.)
baleen whale 须鲸 sperm whale抹香鲸
blue whale 蓝鲸 white whale白鲸
(3)Which f these kinds f whales can grw t be the largest?
Blue whales 蓝鲸(abut 21－27m in length,100－120tns in weight)
(4)Humans have been hunting whales fr mre than __A__ years.
A．2000 B．1000 C．500
(5)Will the killer whales attack peple and eat them？ N.
(6)Des a female killer whale give birth t a baby whale r lay eggs？ Give birth t a baby whale.
(7)What des a newly－brn baby killer whale feed n？__C__
A．Small sea animals. B．Sea plants. C．Its mther's milk.
(8)D the killers belng t the family f dlphins r whales？ Dlphins.
(9)Male killer whales have a life expectancy f __B__ years，while females can live as lng as __D__ years.
A．40－50 B．50－60 C．60－70 D．80－90
(10)Killers are highly scial animals that travel in grups called pds(群)．Pds usually cnsist f __A__ whales.
A．2－50 B．20－50 C．30－60
(11)Hw many sunds can a killer whale make？ 62 sunds.
(12)Are killers endangered species and in need f cnservatin？ N.
(13)The killer whales are smetimes called the “__A__ f the sea” because they are bth very fierce.
A．wlf B．dg C．tiger[来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K]
Step 2 Pre－reading
1．Read the wrds in Pre－reading n Page 19 quickly and fill in the frm.
Step 3 Skimming
1．Glance thrugh the tw anecdtes and use ne sentence t get the main idea f each anecdte.
Main ideas：
Anecdte ne：The killer whales helped the whalers t catch a baleen whale.
Anecdte tw：Old Tm saved a whaler James.
2．Fill in the blanks with the names f the rles in the text.
(1)______was 16 years f age when he went t wrk at the whaling statin.
(2)______rderd Clancy t g t the bat as there was a whale ut there in the bay.
(3)______was swimming by the bat shwing the whalers the way.
(4)______tld Clancy that they wuld return the next day t bring in the bdy f the whale.
(5)______was carried by the waves further and further away frm the whalers.
(6)______knew that Old Tm wuld prtect James.
Suggested answers：(1)Clancy (2)Gerge (3)Old Tm (4)Jack (5)James (6)Red
Step 4 Scanning
1．Read these tw anecdtes carefully and find ut sme verbs r verb phrases t d the blank－filling wrksheet.
Anecdte ne：
There was perfect cperatin between the whalers and the killer whales.
Befre the hunt
The killers' actin：Threw_itself ut_f the water and then crashed_dwn again.
Swam_by the bat，shwing the whalers the way.
Circled back t the bat, leading the whalers t the hunt.
The whalers' reactin：A whaler yelled ut. Gerge ran ahead_f_ clancy.Clancy raced_after him.
They jumped_int_the bat with the ther whalers and headed_ut int the bay.
During and after the hunt
The killers' actin：A pack f killers are thrwing_themselves n tp f the whale's blw－hle t_stp it breathing；sme thers are stpping it fleeing_ut t sea.
The killers started racing_between the whalers' bat and the whale，just like a pack f excited dgs.
Within a mment r tw，the whale's bdy was dragged_dwn_int the depths f the sea.
The whalers' reactin：The man in the bw f the bat aimed a harpn at the whale and let it g t hit the spt.
Started turning the bat arund t g hme.
Anecdte tw：
The dangers facing James：
(1)He was washed_ff_the bat and was carried_away_by rugh waves.
(2)There was a shark ut there.
The help ffered by Old Tm：
(1)Old Tm wuldn't_let_the shark near.
(2)Old Tm firmly held James up in the water.
2．Reading alud and underlining expressins.
Students read the text alud t the tape and underline all the expressins in the text.Put them dwn int their ntebks after class as hmewrk.
Suggested answers：
Cllectins：at the time，witness sth.with ne's wn eyes many times，srt ut my accmmdatin，in time t d sth.，crash dwn，yell ut，ahead f，flee ut t sea，aim at，let sth.g，be dragged swiftly dwn int the depths f the sea，in the meantime，have a gd feed n sth.，be carried further and further away，be firmly held up in the water
3．Reading，identifying and settling.
Students skim the text nce again and identify the difficult sentences.Let them try analyzing the structures f the difficult sentences and discuss them amng their grup members.They may als turn t the teacher fr help.
· didn't like being kept waiting...
· culd see a whale being attacked by a pack f abut six ther killers.
·Being badly wunded，the whale sn died.
· culd see he was terrified f being abandned by us.
Step 5 Discussin
After the students read the passage，ask them t discuss the fllwing questins in grups and then reprt t the class.
1．Why has the killer whale gt the name Old Tm?
2．D yu like killer whales？Why r why nt?
Suggested answers：
1．Old Tm is a persn's name.In my pinin，the reasns why the killer in the text is called s may be tw.Fr ne thing，the killer that shwed the whalers the way t the hunt and saved James must be a male killer whale because Tm is a man's name.Fr anther，the whalers called it Old Tm，just as they were calling a man.That is t say，the whalers treated it as their dear friend.In the meantime，the killer itself must be very friendly t the whalers and helped them a lt in hunting in the sea.In return，the killer can get part f the baleen whale as its fd.S t sme extent，the whalers and killers are depending n each ther.They cperated well and lived in harmny with ne anther.
2．I like killer whales because when James fell ff the bat，the killer whale nt nly prtected him frm being drwned but als wuldn't let the shark near.They are s clever and friendly t human beings.What's mre，they wrked as a team，which shuld be learned by us when we are wrking.
I dn't like them.Thugh they are clever and friendly t us，they are t fierce.T my great surprise，they shuld eat the flesh f anther whale.I culd hardly believe it.I have never heard f ne animal killing his families and even eating their meat.Hw pitiful it is!
Step 6 Further－thinking
1．What else d yu think is amazing in the stry？Shw yur evidence.
2．What is an anecdte?
Suggested answers：
1．I think it is s amazing that we human beings shuld use ne animal t attack r hunt anther animal even his wn family members，just like dgs that help hunters hunt animals.
I think that the killer will return the bdy f the baleen whale instead f keeping it r eating it up is very amazing.But I guess the killer whales are just fnd f the taste f the baleen whale's lips and tngue.Or they just want t share it with the whalers in return fr their cperatin.
2．Accrding t the text，as far as I am cncerned，an anecdte must be an exciting r amazing stry.
Step 7 Cnslidatin
Ask students t retell the passage with the help f their wrksheet.
1．Please retell either f the tw anecdtes in the name f Old Tm，the baleen whale r James.Yur anecdte shuld at least cnsist f tw paragraphs：
Paragraph ne：abut the writer，time，place and what happened
Paragraph tw：detailed infrmatin abut the anecdte
Fr reference：
In the name f Old Tm
I am Old Tm，a killer whale.I live in the sutheastern cean f Australia.Enrmus as I am，I never harm r attack peple.Instead，I always help the whalers catch baleen whales.At the beginning f the 20th century，it was I and my cmpanins wh assisted the whalers in hunting a huge baleen whale.And later，I did save James frm being drwned.
On that day，when I fund a baleen whale nearby，I quickly threw myself ut f the water and crashed dwn again.As sn as they saw this and headed ut t the hunt，I swam by the bat，shwing them the way.Usually we wrk as a team—a pack f abut six f us killers.Sme threw urselves n tp f the whale's blw－hle t stp it breathing.And thse thers stpped it fleeing ut t sea.At last，we succeeded in catching it.In the meantime，we enjyed the lips and tngue f the baleen whale，leaving the rest f it t the whalers the next day.
One day，James was washed ff the bat.The sea was rugh.The waves were carrying him further and further away.Wrse still，I saw a shark swimming arund.Frm James's face，I culd see he was terrified f being abandned by thers and attacked by the shark.But I wuldn't let the shark near.When they apprached him，I had been hlding him up in the water fr half an hur.
I d hpe yu culd witness them with yur eyes.And mst imprtantly，yu shuld learn frm us—“wrk as a team”！
In the name f the baleen whale
I was a pitiful baleen whale. I nce lived in the sutheastern cean f Australia. At the beginning f the 20th century，a misfrtune did fall upn me.T my great srrw，I was crnered and killed by the whalers with the help f anther kind f whale called killer whales.
On that day，I was fund by a killer whale called Old Tm nearby.He quickly threw himself ut f the water and crashed dwn again.As sn as the whalers saw this and headed ut t the hunt，he swam by the bat，shwing them the way.Usually the killers wrk as a team—a pack f abut six f them.Sme threw themselves n tp f my blw－hle t stp me breathing.And thse thers stpped me fleeing ut t sea.At last，I was wrn ut and had n luck.I was badly wunded by a harpn.I did nthing wrng.Why did they want t kill me？Later，I was dragged dwn int the depths f the sea，having had my lips and tngue eaten.I was sent back t the whalers the next day.I really hated the killers.If they hadn't helped the whalers，I culd have fled ut t sea t enjy my rest life.
In the name f James
I am James，a whaler.I live n the sutheastern cast f Australia.At the beginning f the 20th century，I was saved by Old Tm，a killer whale.
Believe it r nt，the killer whales can nt nly help us hunt but als save peple when they are in danger.One day，Old Tm fund a baleen whale nearby，it quickly threw itself ut f the water and crashed dwn again.As sn as we saw this and headed ut t the hunt，it swam by the bat，shwing us the way.Usually the killers wrk as a team—a pack f abut six f them.Sme threw themselves n tp f the baleen whale's blw－hle t stp it breathing.And thse thers stpped it fleeing ut t sea.At last，we succeeded in catching it.In the meantime，the killers enjyed the lips and tngue f the baleen whale，leaving the rest f it t us the next day.
Anther day，I was washed ff the bat.The sea was rugh.The waves were carrying me further and further away.T make matters wrse，I saw a shark swimming arund.I was terrified f being abandned by thers and attacked by the shark.But t my surprise，Old Tm wuldn't let the shark near.When my cmpanins apprached me，I had been held up in the water by Old Tm fr half an hur.
This experience left a deep impressin n me.I really appreciated Old Tm.It was it that gave me a secnd life.
Step 8 Debate
The last whaling statin in Australia clsed in 1978.Whales are nw an endangered species and prtected by an internatinal ban，but sme cuntries ppse the ban.In grups discuss the reasns fr and against banning whaling.
Step 9 Hmewrk
1．Write dwn the useful new wrds and expressins，then learn them by heart.
2．Write dwn an anecdte in the name f Old Tm，the baleen whale r James.
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Physical Descriptin
The killer whale，r rca，is the largest member f the dlphin family.Killer whales are large and rbust with a blunt head and reduced beak.With their striking pigmentatin，they are nt ften cnfused with ther species in their natural setting.Orcas are jet black with a white patch behind and abve the eyes.The lwer jaw and thrat are als white，cntiguus with a white belly patch that extends back t the genital regin.The undersides f the flukes are white and white lbes extend upwards frm the white belly t behind the drsal fin.A grey saddle patch is fund behind the drsal fin，the shape f which is unique t individual whales.The tall drsal fin f mature animals，especially males，can reach up t 1.8 meters(5.9 feet)．Males reach 8.5 meters(28 feet)in length，while females reach 6.7 meters(22 feet)．
Natural Histry
Killer whales are ne f the mst csmplitan species f whales，with a distributin that spans trpical ceans and arctic seas.They are highly scial and frm strng and persistent scial bnds with their pd members.Pds are made up f extended family members and 2 r mre pds may cme tgether fr shrt perids t mate.The wrld's killer whale ppulatin seems t cnsist f subppulatins adapted t live within the specialized niche f their envirnment.A pd's mvements tends t fllw thse f their intended prey which，depending n lcatin，may include salmn herring，baleen whales，penguins and seals.
Status
In Canada，killer whales are listed as threatened by the Cmmittee n the Status f Endangered Wildlife(COSEWIC)and are prtected under the new federal Species at Risk Act(SARA)．Other ppulatins wrldwide may be prtected under specific natinal legislatin.
Threats t the Species
Althugh the glbal ppulatin f killer whales is nt endangered，different reginal ppulatins are depleted.Resident and transient ppulatins ff the cast f Vancuver，Canada and Washingtn State，U.S.，were depleted by the live capture fishery fr aquaria that ccurred befre scientists knew hw many killer whales existed in the ppulatin.Tday these ppulatins number nly a few hundred whales and are threatened by pllutin，heavy ship traffic，and pssibly reduced prey.Because f the killer whales' ppularity，there are cncerns that intensive whale watching peratins may drive whales frm their preferred habitat.As well，nise－making devices attached t salmn cages t scare ff predatrs may als frce whales ut f their preferred habitat，affecting their ability t feed.Sme rca ppulatins are als hunted in Japan，Indnesia，Greenland and the West Indies.
外形特征
虎鲸是一种大型齿鲸，身长为8～10米，体重9吨左右，背呈黑色，腹为灰白色，有一个尖尖的背鳍，背鳍弯曲长达1米，嘴巴细长，牙齿锋利，性情凶猛，食肉动物，善于进攻猎物，是企鹅、海豹等动物的天敌。有时它们还袭击其他鲸类，甚至是大白鲨，可称得上是海上霸王。
寿命：雄性：50～60年；雌性：80～90年，甚至100年
雌雄虎鲸外观区别(上雄下雌)
虎鲸的体型极为粗壮，是海豚科中体型最大的物种。头部呈圆锥状，没有突出的嘴喙。大而高耸的背鳍位于背部中央，其形状有高度变异性，雌鲸与未成年虎鲸的背鳍呈镰刀形，而成年雄鲸则多半如棘刺般直立，高度约1至1.8米。胸鳍大而宽阔，大致呈圆形，这点与大多数海豚科成员的典型镰刀状背鳍不同。上、下颚各有10至14对大而尖锐的牙齿作为武器，每颗牙大概有8厘米。在海湾的浅水地带，它还喜欢用尾巴去钩拉海藻，发出“呼呼”的声音，不久，浑身就披满了半透明的海草。
虎鲸的体色图样主要由黑与白这两种对比分明的色彩组成，位于身体腹面的白色区域自下颚往后延伸至肛门处，在全黑的胸鳍之间变得狭窄，到了肚脐后方产生分歧，尾鳍腹面亦为白色。背部与体侧皆为黑色，但在生殖裂附近的侧腹处有白色斑块，眼睛斜后方亦有明显的椭圆形白斑。在背鳍后方有呈灰至白色的马鞍状斑纹。
习性
虎鲸时常会有跃身击浪、浮窥等行为，或是以尾鳍或胸鳍拍击水面。虎鲸的泳速最快可达时速55千米，可闭气17分钟左右。当周遭空气凉爽时，通常可看见它们低矮而呈树枝状的喷气。它们对船只的反应多样，冷漠忽视或是充满好奇心都有可能。偶尔会集体搁浅，群体有时会被困在潮池或海湾中。在北极与南极海域，因为风吹而快速产生的浮冰对虎鲸而言是一大麻烦，有时会因此迫使它们停留于水面开阔的小水域里相当长的时间。
虎鲸喜欢群居的生活，有2～3只的小群，也有40～50只的大群，每天总有2～3个小时静静地待在水的表层，因为肺部充满了足够的空气，所以能够安然地漂浮在海面上，露出巨大的背鳍。群体成员间的胸鳍经常保持接触，显得亲热和团结。如果群体中有成员受伤，或者发生意外失去了知觉，其他成员就会前来帮助，用身体或头部连顶带托，使其能够继续漂浮在海面上，就是在睡觉时也扎成一堆，这是为了互相照应，并保持一定程度的清醒。 它们在一起旅行，用食，以种群为社会组织，在广大的家庭中休息，互相依靠着生存长大。
食性
虽然它的牙齿非常坚硬，但却不如鲨鱼的牙齿那样锋利，因此主要用于摄取而不是咀嚼，而被它叼住的食物都是整个吞下的。虎鲸的食物多样，由小型结群鱼类、鱿鱼(枪乌贼)，一直到大型须鲸与抹香鲸都有可能成为它们的猎物；其他的如海豹等鳍脚类动物、海龟、海豚、海狗、海獭、海牛、儒艮、鲨鱼、魟等，甚至还有鹿与麋鹿，似乎是趁它们游泳横渡水道时伺机捕食。甚至会利用涨潮冲到海岸边，捕捉来不及逃走的海豹、企鹅。各群似乎有自己偏好的食物种类，例如某些族群主要以鲑鱼、鲔鱼、或鲱鱼等鱼类为主要食物，某些群则会巡视鳍脚类的登陆地寻找猎物，或跟随迁徙中的鲸群，有如狼群追踪北美驯鹿的情景。虎鲸显然需要合作以袭击并制服大型猎物，但它们也会合力将鱼群集中成一个大球，然后轮流钻入取食。虎鲸也会偷吃延绳钓渔船上钩的鱼获，或吃食渔民丢弃的下杂鱼等。它们似乎会选择性的咬食须鲸的舌头。其猎物可能深受对虎鲸的恐惧所影响，当虎鲸出现时鳍脚类会逃往陆地或冰上，鲸豚则会游入浅水域或藏匿于浮冰的裂隙间。
Writer
An ld man called Clancy
Occupatin
·A whaler
Style
·Anecdtes
Time
·At the beginning f the 20th century
Place
·Australia
What happened
·The killer whales helped the whalers catch a baleen whale.
教材分析
Warming Up prvides tw activities t spark students' interest in the tpic.Of curse，befre the class，the students must have gathered sme infrmatin t make preparatins fr this class.Many kinds f their favrite sea animals are presented in their vivid pictures.Students are encuraged t intrduce them using sme new expressins such as at an aquarium，n a snrkelling trip.
Pre－reading is designed t further stimulate their interest in the tpic f the unit.Meanwhile，students may have sme basic infrmatin abut the text.
The reading passage Old Tm the Killer Whale tells abut tw anecdtes witnessed by the writer himself.The teacher can first get students t skim the text fr the characters in the tw anecdtes and get the main idea f each anecdte.Then let them scan fr further understanding.In rder t let students pay attentin t the writer's vivid descriptin，the teacher can ask them t d a blank－filling exercise in pairs t find ut sme key verbs and verb phrases.Having dne this，students must have had a very clear understanding f the whle hunting and saving prcess.T make their understanding easier，the teacher shuld deal with any language prblems while they are reading.And then underline sme useful wrds and expressins.
Fr further thinking，students are expected t wrk in pairs r grups.They will discuss the prblems and wrk ut the answers cperatively，chsing a reprter in their grup.Students will think actively，s varius answers are pssible.
T cnslidate the cntents f the reading passage，students shuld be required t retell the passage in the name f Old Tm r the baleen whale r James with as many key wrds as pssible.
At the end f the class，by hlding a debate，the teacher can aruse students' interest further as well as make them aware f the relatinship between man and animals and the imprtance f banning whaling.
三维目标
知识目标
1．Get students t learn the useful new wrds and expressins in this part：anecdte，annual，witness，accmmdatin，shre，ppsite，yell，pause，telescpe，teamwrk，dive，depth，lip，urge，abandn，shark，relatinship，
2．Let students learn abut several different types f whales，especially the killer whales.
能力目标
1．Enable the students t learn t talk abut their favrite sea animals.
2．Develp students' reading ability by learning t read abut the killer whales and let them learn different learning skills.
3．Develp their creative thinking ability.
情感目标
1．Aruse students' great interest in sea animals.
2．Make them aware f the relatinship between man and animals and the imprtance f banning whaling.
3．Develp students' sense f cperative learning.
教学重点
1．Reading cmprehensin t the text.
2．Learning mre abut the killer whales and understanding the relatinship between the killer whales and the whalers.
3．Imprtant wrds and expressins.
教学难点
1．The relatinship between the killer whales and the whalers.
2．Develp students' reading ability.
教学方法
1．Individual，pair and grup wrk.
2．Task－based teaching and learning.
3．Quiz，discussin，blank－filling，retelling，debate.
教学工具
A cmputer and a prjectr.
教学过程
Step 1 Warming up
1．Ask sme students t shw sme pictures f their favrite sea animals and intrduce them t the class.The intrductin shuld cver these aspects：
·The English and Chinese name f yur favrite sea animal.
·Where did yu find it?
·Sme features f it，its distributin，r living cnditin.Anything abut it is welcme.
·Why d yu like it?
Sample intrductin：
①My favrite sea animal is dlphins(海豚)．I fund them at an aquarium this summer hliday.Dlphins are very meek(温顺的)．Neither as timid animals in virgin frests wh run away immediately they discver a stranger，nr as beasts in remte muntains wh bare fangs and brandish claws the mment they encunter a persn，dlphins are always friendly with peple.Dlphins and human beings have been n friendly terms all alng.
I like dlphins，because dlphins are truly intellectual.They can even imitate sme peple's vice after a perid f training.Yet，dlphins have intelligence different frm cmmn animals.The vlume and mass f their brain are amng the mst cnsiderable in the animal wrld.Up t the present mment，scientists have tw different views n animals' intelligence：ne is that f all animals，chimps are the mst intellectual and capable；anther is that chimps are n mre capable f studying than dlphins，and it is prbable that dlphins are mre intellectual than chimps.Therefre，sme peple cnsider dlphins as “wizards in the sea”．
When mentining dlphins，peple will prbably speak highly f their supernrmal intelligence and ability.In that aquarium，it is cmmn that dlphins are giving a wnderful perfrmance by fllwing the trainer's instructins.They seem t be capable f understanding what mankind expresses and taking actins accrding t the instructins.At present，the majrity f peple marvel at dlphins' supernrmal intelligence as a kind f sea animal.But t what extent can dlphins' intelligence and ability achieve？It remains t be prbed and researched.
[来源:Z。xx。k.Cm]
②My favrite sea animal is trpical fish(热带鱼)．I fund them n a snrkelling trip.I was attracted by its clrful appearance.In the half an hur's trip frm the shre，I fund cral reefs，trpical fish and ther marine life.Excitedly，I bught sme fishes hme.It was my first time t raise trpical fish.One mnth ag my friend tld me that trpical fish are easier t raise than the glden fish.Her wrds let me think f anther friend f mine.He is raising trpical fish.I am feeding fur categries f trpical fish.Tw black marry，eight peaccks，anther tw fishes，althugh I dn't knw their names，are the mst beautiful.The peacck is the smallest and isn't clrful as I have seen in ther places befre.My friend tld me they will be beautiful when they grw up.S I put the eight peacck fish int a small fish jar.I bserves them every day and is expecting them t be bigger and mre clrful.Tw f the fur big trpical fishes have died including the beautiful ne.Perhaps the beautiful fish's life is fragile.If it is true，then I dn't expect the small peaccks t turn beautiful.I shuldn't be s greedy t want bth.That they just have strng life is enugh fr me.
2．The teacher shw the picture f a killer whale and d a small quiz abut it.
(1)What's the Chinese and English name f this whale?
虎鲸Killer whales
(2)Can yu match these whales with their Chinese and English names？(Shw students sme pictures f different whales.)
baleen whale 须鲸 sperm whale抹香鲸
blue whale 蓝鲸 white whale白鲸
(3)Which f these kinds f whales can grw t be the largest?
Blue whales 蓝鲸(abut 21－27m in length,100－120tns in weight)
(4)Humans have been hunting whales fr mre than __A__ years.
A．2000 B．1000 C．500
(5)Will the killer whales attack peple and eat them？ N.
(6)Des a female killer whale give birth t a baby whale r lay eggs？ Give birth t a baby whale.
(7)What des a newly－brn baby killer whale feed n？__C__
A．Small sea animals. B．Sea plants. C．Its mther's milk.
(8)D the killers belng t the family f dlphins r whales？ Dlphins.
(9)Male killer whales have a life expectancy f __B__ years，while females can live as lng as __D__ years.
A．40－50 B．50－60 C．60－70 D．80－90
(10)Killers are highly scial animals that travel in grups called pds(群)．Pds usually cnsist f __A__ whales.
A．2－50 B．20－50 C．30－60
(11)Hw many sunds can a killer whale make？ 62 sunds.
(12)Are killers endangered species and in need f cnservatin？ N.
(13)The killer whales are smetimes called the “__A__ f the sea” because they are bth very fierce.
A．wlf B．dg C．tiger[来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K]
Step 2 Pre－reading
1．Read the wrds in Pre－reading n Page 19 quickly and fill in the frm.
Step 3 Skimming
1．Glance thrugh the tw anecdtes and use ne sentence t get the main idea f each anecdte.
Main ideas：
Anecdte ne：The killer whales helped the whalers t catch a baleen whale.
Anecdte tw：Old Tm saved a whaler James.
2．Fill in the blanks with the names f the rles in the text.
(1)______was 16 years f age when he went t wrk at the whaling statin.
(2)______rderd Clancy t g t the bat as there was a whale ut there in the bay.
(3)______was swimming by the bat shwing the whalers the way.
(4)______tld Clancy that they wuld return the next day t bring in the bdy f the whale.
(5)______was carried by the waves further and further away frm the whalers.
(6)______knew that Old Tm wuld prtect James.
Suggested answers：(1)Clancy (2)Gerge (3)Old Tm (4)Jack (5)James (6)Red
Step 4 Scanning
1．Read these tw anecdtes carefully and find ut sme verbs r verb phrases t d the blank－filling wrksheet.
Anecdte ne：
There was perfect cperatin between the whalers and the killer whales.
Befre the hunt
The killers' actin：Threw_itself ut_f the water and then crashed_dwn again.
Swam_by the bat，shwing the whalers the way.
Circled back t the bat, leading the whalers t the hunt.
The whalers' reactin：A whaler yelled ut. Gerge ran ahead_f_ clancy.Clancy raced_after him.
They jumped_int_the bat with the ther whalers and headed_ut int the bay.
During and after the hunt
The killers' actin：A pack f killers are thrwing_themselves n tp f the whale's blw－hle t_stp it breathing；sme thers are stpping it fleeing_ut t sea.
The killers started racing_between the whalers' bat and the whale，just like a pack f excited dgs.
Within a mment r tw，the whale's bdy was dragged_dwn_int the depths f the sea.
The whalers' reactin：The man in the bw f the bat aimed a harpn at the whale and let it g t hit the spt.
Started turning the bat arund t g hme.
Anecdte tw：
The dangers facing James：
(1)He was washed_ff_the bat and was carried_away_by rugh waves.
(2)There was a shark ut there.
The help ffered by Old Tm：
(1)Old Tm wuldn't_let_the shark near.
(2)Old Tm firmly held James up in the water.
2．Reading alud and underlining expressins.
Students read the text alud t the tape and underline all the expressins in the text.Put them dwn int their ntebks after class as hmewrk.
Suggested answers：
Cllectins：at the time，witness sth.with ne's wn eyes many times，srt ut my accmmdatin，in time t d sth.，crash dwn，yell ut，ahead f，flee ut t sea，aim at，let sth.g，be dragged swiftly dwn int the depths f the sea，in the meantime，have a gd feed n sth.，be carried further and further away，be firmly held up in the water
3．Reading，identifying and settling.
Students skim the text nce again and identify the difficult sentences.Let them try analyzing the structures f the difficult sentences and discuss them amng their grup members.They may als turn t the teacher fr help.
· didn't like being kept waiting...
· culd see a whale being attacked by a pack f abut six ther killers.
·Being badly wunded，the whale sn died.
· culd see he was terrified f being abandned by us.
Step 5 Discussin
After the students read the passage，ask them t discuss the fllwing questins in grups and then reprt t the class.
1．Why has the killer whale gt the name Old Tm?
2．D yu like killer whales？Why r why nt?
Suggested answers：
1．Old Tm is a persn's name.In my pinin，the reasns why the killer in the text is called s may be tw.Fr ne thing，the killer that shwed the whalers the way t the hunt and saved James must be a male killer whale because Tm is a man's name.Fr anther，the whalers called it Old Tm，just as they were calling a man.That is t say，the whalers treated it as their dear friend.In the meantime，the killer itself must be very friendly t the whalers and helped them a lt in hunting in the sea.In return，the killer can get part f the baleen whale as its fd.S t sme extent，the whalers and killers are depending n each ther.They cperated well and lived in harmny with ne anther.
2．I like killer whales because when James fell ff the bat，the killer whale nt nly prtected him frm being drwned but als wuldn't let the shark near.They are s clever and friendly t human beings.What's mre，they wrked as a team，which shuld be learned by us when we are wrking.
I dn't like them.Thugh they are clever and friendly t us，they are t fierce.T my great surprise，they shuld eat the flesh f anther whale.I culd hardly believe it.I have never heard f ne animal killing his families and even eating their meat.Hw pitiful it is!
Step 6 Further－thinking
1．What else d yu think is amazing in the stry？Shw yur evidence.
2．What is an anecdte?
Suggested answers：
1．I think it is s amazing that we human beings shuld use ne animal t attack r hunt anther animal even his wn family members，just like dgs that help hunters hunt animals.
I think that the killer will return the bdy f the baleen whale instead f keeping it r eating it up is very amazing.But I guess the killer whales are just fnd f the taste f the baleen whale's lips and tngue.Or they just want t share it with the whalers in return fr their cperatin.
2．Accrding t the text，as far as I am cncerned，an anecdte must be an exciting r amazing stry.
Step 7 Cnslidatin
Ask students t retell the passage with the help f their wrksheet.
1．Please retell either f the tw anecdtes in the name f Old Tm，the baleen whale r James.Yur anecdte shuld at least cnsist f tw paragraphs：
Paragraph ne：abut the writer，time，place and what happened
Paragraph tw：detailed infrmatin abut the anecdte
Fr reference：
In the name f Old Tm
I am Old Tm，a killer whale.I live in the sutheastern cean f Australia.Enrmus as I am，I never harm r attack peple.Instead，I always help the whalers catch baleen whales.At the beginning f the 20th century，it was I and my cmpanins wh assisted the whalers in hunting a huge baleen whale.And later，I did save James frm being drwned.
On that day，when I fund a baleen whale nearby，I quickly threw myself ut f the water and crashed dwn again.As sn as they saw this and headed ut t the hunt，I swam by the bat，shwing them the way.Usually we wrk as a team—a pack f abut six f us killers.Sme threw urselves n tp f the whale's blw－hle t stp it breathing.And thse thers stpped it fleeing ut t sea.At last，we succeeded in catching it.In the meantime，we enjyed the lips and tngue f the baleen whale，leaving the rest f it t the whalers the next day.
One day，James was washed ff the bat.The sea was rugh.The waves were carrying him further and further away.Wrse still，I saw a shark swimming arund.Frm James's face，I culd see he was terrified f being abandned by thers and attacked by the shark.But I wuldn't let the shark near.When they apprached him，I had been hlding him up in the water fr half an hur.
I d hpe yu culd witness them with yur eyes.And mst imprtantly，yu shuld learn frm us—“wrk as a team”！
In the name f the baleen whale
I was a pitiful baleen whale. I nce lived in the sutheastern cean f Australia. At the beginning f the 20th century，a misfrtune did fall upn me.T my great srrw，I was crnered and killed by the whalers with the help f anther kind f whale called killer whales.
On that day，I was fund by a killer whale called Old Tm nearby.He quickly threw himself ut f the water and crashed dwn again.As sn as the whalers saw this and headed ut t the hunt，he swam by the bat，shwing them the way.Usually the killers wrk as a team—a pack f abut six f them.Sme threw themselves n tp f my blw－hle t stp me breathing.And thse thers stpped me fleeing ut t sea.At last，I was wrn ut and had n luck.I was badly wunded by a harpn.I did nthing wrng.Why did they want t kill me？Later，I was dragged dwn int the depths f the sea，having had my lips and tngue eaten.I was sent back t the whalers the next day.I really hated the killers.If they hadn't helped the whalers，I culd have fled ut t sea t enjy my rest life.
In the name f James
I am James，a whaler.I live n the sutheastern cast f Australia.At the beginning f the 20th century，I was saved by Old Tm，a killer whale.
Believe it r nt，the killer whales can nt nly help us hunt but als save peple when they are in danger.One day，Old Tm fund a baleen whale nearby，it quickly threw itself ut f the water and crashed dwn again.As sn as we saw this and headed ut t the hunt，it swam by the bat，shwing us the way.Usually the killers wrk as a team—a pack f abut six f them.Sme threw themselves n tp f the baleen whale's blw－hle t stp it breathing.And thse thers stpped it fleeing ut t sea.At last，we succeeded in catching it.In the meantime，the killers enjyed the lips and tngue f the baleen whale，leaving the rest f it t us the next day.
Anther day，I was washed ff the bat.The sea was rugh.The waves were carrying me further and further away.T make matters wrse，I saw a shark swimming arund.I was terrified f being abandned by thers and attacked by the shark.But t my surprise，Old Tm wuldn't let the shark near.When my cmpanins apprached me，I had been held up in the water by Old Tm fr half an hur.
This experience left a deep impressin n me.I really appreciated Old Tm.It was it that gave me a secnd life.
Step 8 Debate
The last whaling statin in Australia clsed in 1978.Whales are nw an endangered species and prtected by an internatinal ban，but sme cuntries ppse the ban.In grups discuss the reasns fr and against banning whaling.
Step 9 Hmewrk
1．Write dwn the useful new wrds and expressins，then learn them by heart.
2．Write dwn an anecdte in the name f Old Tm，the baleen whale r James.
eq \(\s\up7(),\s\d5(备课资料))
Physical Descriptin
The killer whale，r rca，is the largest member f the dlphin family.Killer whales are large and rbust with a blunt head and reduced beak.With their striking pigmentatin，they are nt ften cnfused with ther species in their natural setting.Orcas are jet black with a white patch behind and abve the eyes.The lwer jaw and thrat are als white，cntiguus with a white belly patch that extends back t the genital regin.The undersides f the flukes are white and white lbes extend upwards frm the white belly t behind the drsal fin.A grey saddle patch is fund behind the drsal fin，the shape f which is unique t individual whales.The tall drsal fin f mature animals，especially males，can reach up t 1.8 meters(5.9 feet)．Males reach 8.5 meters(28 feet)in length，while females reach 6.7 meters(22 feet)．
Natural Histry
Killer whales are ne f the mst csmplitan species f whales，with a distributin that spans trpical ceans and arctic seas.They are highly scial and frm strng and persistent scial bnds with their pd members.Pds are made up f extended family members and 2 r mre pds may cme tgether fr shrt perids t mate.The wrld's killer whale ppulatin seems t cnsist f subppulatins adapted t live within the specialized niche f their envirnment.A pd's mvements tends t fllw thse f their intended prey which，depending n lcatin，may include salmn herring，baleen whales，penguins and seals.
Status
In Canada，killer whales are listed as threatened by the Cmmittee n the Status f Endangered Wildlife(COSEWIC)and are prtected under the new federal Species at Risk Act(SARA)．Other ppulatins wrldwide may be prtected under specific natinal legislatin.
Threats t the Species
Althugh the glbal ppulatin f killer whales is nt endangered，different reginal ppulatins are depleted.Resident and transient ppulatins ff the cast f Vancuver，Canada and Washingtn State，U.S.，were depleted by the live capture fishery fr aquaria that ccurred befre scientists knew hw many killer whales existed in the ppulatin.Tday these ppulatins number nly a few hundred whales and are threatened by pllutin，heavy ship traffic，and pssibly reduced prey.Because f the killer whales' ppularity，there are cncerns that intensive whale watching peratins may drive whales frm their preferred habitat.As well，nise－making devices attached t salmn cages t scare ff predatrs may als frce whales ut f their preferred habitat，affecting their ability t feed.Sme rca ppulatins are als hunted in Japan，Indnesia，Greenland and the West Indies.
外形特征
虎鲸是一种大型齿鲸，身长为8～10米，体重9吨左右，背呈黑色，腹为灰白色，有一个尖尖的背鳍，背鳍弯曲长达1米，嘴巴细长，牙齿锋利，性情凶猛，食肉动物，善于进攻猎物，是企鹅、海豹等动物的天敌。有时它们还袭击其他鲸类，甚至是大白鲨，可称得上是海上霸王。
寿命：雄性：50～60年；雌性：80～90年，甚至100年
雌雄虎鲸外观区别(上雄下雌)
虎鲸的体型极为粗壮，是海豚科中体型最大的物种。头部呈圆锥状，没有突出的嘴喙。大而高耸的背鳍位于背部中央，其形状有高度变异性，雌鲸与未成年虎鲸的背鳍呈镰刀形，而成年雄鲸则多半如棘刺般直立，高度约1至1.8米。胸鳍大而宽阔，大致呈圆形，这点与大多数海豚科成员的典型镰刀状背鳍不同。上、下颚各有10至14对大而尖锐的牙齿作为武器，每颗牙大概有8厘米。在海湾的浅水地带，它还喜欢用尾巴去钩拉海藻，发出“呼呼”的声音，不久，浑身就披满了半透明的海草。
虎鲸的体色图样主要由黑与白这两种对比分明的色彩组成，位于身体腹面的白色区域自下颚往后延伸至肛门处，在全黑的胸鳍之间变得狭窄，到了肚脐后方产生分歧，尾鳍腹面亦为白色。背部与体侧皆为黑色，但在生殖裂附近的侧腹处有白色斑块，眼睛斜后方亦有明显的椭圆形白斑。在背鳍后方有呈灰至白色的马鞍状斑纹。
习性
虎鲸时常会有跃身击浪、浮窥等行为，或是以尾鳍或胸鳍拍击水面。虎鲸的泳速最快可达时速55千米，可闭气17分钟左右。当周遭空气凉爽时，通常可看见它们低矮而呈树枝状的喷气。它们对船只的反应多样，冷漠忽视或是充满好奇心都有可能。偶尔会集体搁浅，群体有时会被困在潮池或海湾中。在北极与南极海域，因为风吹而快速产生的浮冰对虎鲸而言是一大麻烦，有时会因此迫使它们停留于水面开阔的小水域里相当长的时间。
虎鲸喜欢群居的生活，有2～3只的小群，也有40～50只的大群，每天总有2～3个小时静静地待在水的表层，因为肺部充满了足够的空气，所以能够安然地漂浮在海面上，露出巨大的背鳍。群体成员间的胸鳍经常保持接触，显得亲热和团结。如果群体中有成员受伤，或者发生意外失去了知觉，其他成员就会前来帮助，用身体或头部连顶带托，使其能够继续漂浮在海面上，就是在睡觉时也扎成一堆，这是为了互相照应，并保持一定程度的清醒。 它们在一起旅行，用食，以种群为社会组织，在广大的家庭中休息，互相依靠着生存长大。
食性
虽然它的牙齿非常坚硬，但却不如鲨鱼的牙齿那样锋利，因此主要用于摄取而不是咀嚼，而被它叼住的食物都是整个吞下的。虎鲸的食物多样，由小型结群鱼类、鱿鱼(枪乌贼)，一直到大型须鲸与抹香鲸都有可能成为它们的猎物；其他的如海豹等鳍脚类动物、海龟、海豚、海狗、海獭、海牛、儒艮、鲨鱼、魟等，甚至还有鹿与麋鹿，似乎是趁它们游泳横渡水道时伺机捕食。甚至会利用涨潮冲到海岸边，捕捉来不及逃走的海豹、企鹅。各群似乎有自己偏好的食物种类，例如某些族群主要以鲑鱼、鲔鱼、或鲱鱼等鱼类为主要食物，某些群则会巡视鳍脚类的登陆地寻找猎物，或跟随迁徙中的鲸群，有如狼群追踪北美驯鹿的情景。虎鲸显然需要合作以袭击并制服大型猎物，但它们也会合力将鱼群集中成一个大球，然后轮流钻入取食。虎鲸也会偷吃延绳钓渔船上钩的鱼获，或吃食渔民丢弃的下杂鱼等。它们似乎会选择性的咬食须鲸的舌头。其猎物可能深受对虎鲸的恐惧所影响，当虎鲸出现时鳍脚类会逃往陆地或冰上，鲸豚则会游入浅水域或藏匿于浮冰的裂隙间。
Writer
An ld man called Clancy
Occupatin
·A whaler
Style
·Anecdtes
Time
·At the beginning f the 20th century
Place
·Australia
What happened
·The killer whales helped the whalers catch a baleen whale.
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