2021-2022学年安徽省六安市第一中学高一上学期期末考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2021-2022学年安徽省六安市第一中学高一上学期期末考试英语试题含解析，共27页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2021-2022学年安徽省六安市第一中学高一上学期期末考试英语试题
时间：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman want to do?
A.Have a rest. B. Go to the movies. C.Visit Jeff with the man.
2. How much does the woman want for the watch?
A. $200. B. $150. C. $50.
3. When does the conversation take place?
A. During a vacation. B. At the end of a term. C.At the beginning of a term.
4. What happened to the woman?
A. She couldn't find Mr. Beringer.
B. She was late for an interview.
C She failed to get a job.
5. What does the woman mean?
A. Only 10% of American mothers work.
B. Her mother is a housewife.
C. Most American mothers work.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答第6至第7小题。
6. Why does the man want to buy a new TV?
A. The old TV is broken.
B. He moved to a new house.
C. The new TV is cheap now.
7. What will the man probably buy?
A.A cheap TV. B. A small TV. C.A big TV.
听下面一段较长对话，回答第8至第9小题。
8. Where do the speakers prefer to go?
A. Hawaii. B. Europe. C.The Bahamas.
9. What will the speakers probably do next?
C Book their flight.
B. Call their friends.
A.Check the travel fees.
听下面一段较长对话，回答第10至第12小题。
10. Why is Harrods so famous?
A. It's the biggest department store in the UK.
B. It's the biggest building in the UK.
C. It's the biggest museum in the U K.
11. What is Food Hall famous for?
A. Its own electricity. B.Egyptian buildings. C. Different kinds of food.
12. How many customers are there in Harrods on an average day?
A. Sixty thousand. B.Seventy thousand. C.Thirty thousand.
听下面一段较长对话，回答第13至第16小题。
13. Why is the woman moving to London?
A. To find a nicer place to live in.
B. To find a better job in a new place.
C. To live together with her parents.
14. What does the woman hope to live in?
A.A hotel. B.A flat. C.A dormitory.
15. Who will take care of the woman's dog?
A. The woman's parents. B.The man. C.The woman.
16. Where did the woman live before?
A. In a small village. B. In a big city. C. In a nearby country.
听下面一段独白，回答以第17至第20题。
17. How many rooms are there in the speaker's house?
A.8. B.9. C.10.
18. What does the speaker's family usually do on Saturday afternoon in summer?
A. They water flowers in the garden.
B.They walk in the garden.
C.They have a barbecue.
19. What can we learn fro m what the speaker said?
A. He likes to stay outdoors.
B. There are only two seasons in California.
C.It's very hot in summer in California.
20. What does the speaker's youngest son often play in summer?
A. Baseball. B.Football. C.Basketball.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Exercising regularly not only helps you keep slim, but also improves your overall health and well-being. Different exercises produce different results, as they focus on alternate parts of the body.There are four broad exercise categories: endurance, strength, flexibility, and balance. Many people often only focus on one exercise type, but including all four in your workout will produce better results and reduce your risk of injury.
Endurance
Endurance exercises increase your breathing and heart rate. By doing endurance exercises, you are working to keep your heart, lungs, and blood-flow system healthy while improving your total fitness.Over time these activities will make everyday activities seem easier.
Strength
If you want to build up your muscles, then strength exercises, which are also known as "resistance training", are right for you. Even the slightest increase in strength can make a huge difference in your ability to carry out daily tasks. Developing strong muscles also reduces your risk of weak bones.
Flexibility
Flexibility exercises help stretch your body's muscles. This allows for more freedom of movement for other exercises and can also improve your range of motion, posture,ability to breathe deeply, and blood flow. Also, it reduces the muscle tension caused by stress.
Balance
Balance exercises help prevent falls and are especially important to older adults, helping them stay independent. Most good balance exercises are ones that keep you constantly moving with your feet on the ground. Heel-to-toe walking and standing on one foot are simple ways to improve balance.
1. How can a person benefit most from their exercise routine?
A. By combining different exercise types together.
B. By having sufficient rest between their workouts
C. By concentrating on one training aspect at a time.
D. By increasing the frequency of their training gradually.
2. Which exercise types are most useful to improve a person's breathing function?
A. Strength and Balance. B. Flexibility and Balance.
C. Endurance and Strength. D. Endurance and Flexibility.
3. Which part of the body plays the most important role in balance-related exercises?
A. Arms. B. Legs. C. Waist. D. Neck.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了可以产生更好的效果并减少受伤风险的四种锻炼。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“ Many people often only focus on one exercise type, but including all four in your workout will produce better results and reduce your risk of injury.”（许多人通常只专注于一种锻炼类型，但是将所有四种锻炼都包括在内会产生更好的效果并减少受伤的风险）可知，通过将不同的运动类型组合在一起，可以让一个人从日常锻炼中受益最大。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Endurance exercises increase your breathing and heart rate.”（耐力运动可提高你的呼吸和心率）以及第四段中“This allows for more freedom of movement for other exercises and can also improve your range of motion, posture,ability to breathe deeply, and blood flow.”（这样可以为其他运动提供更大的运动自由度，还可以改善你的运动范围，姿势，深呼吸能力和血液流动）可知，耐力和柔韧性锻炼对改善呼吸功能最有用。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Most good balance exercises are ones that keep you constantly moving with your feet on the ground.”（大多数好的平衡练习都是让你脚踩在地上不停地运动）可知，腿在平衡锻炼中起主要作用。故选B项。
【点睛】
B
Look at the keyboard of any standard typewriter or computer. “Q,”“W,”“E,”“R,”“T” and “Y” are the first six letters. Who decided on this arrangement of the letters? And why?
People tried for centuries to invent the typewriter. In 1714 in England, Henry Mill applied for a patent (专利) for a machine called An Artificial Machine or Method for the Impressing or Transcribing of Letters Singly or Progressively One After Another. That machine probably didn’t sell because no one could remember its name.
The first practical typewriter was patented in the United States in 1868 by Christopher Latham Sholes. His machine was known as the typewriter. It had a keyboard on which the letters were arranged in alphabetical order (按字母顺序).
But on the first model, his “ABC” key arrangement caused the keys to jam (拥堵) when the typist worked quickly. To solve the problem, he just kept the typist from typing too fast. Sholes asked his brother-in-law to rearrange the keyboard so that the letters used often were not so close together and the type bars (打字杆) would come from opposite directions. Thus they would not hit together and jam the machine. The new arrangement was QWERTY arrangement that typists use today. Of course, Sholes claimed that the new arrangement was scientific and would add speed and efficiency. But the only efficiency it added was to slow the typist down, since almost any word in the English language required the typist’s fingers to cover more distance on the keyboard.
The advantage of the typewriter outweighed (超过) the disadvantages of the typewriter keyboard, however. Typists memorized the crazy letter arrangement, and the typewriter became a huge success. By the time typists had memorized the new arrangement of letters and built up their speed, typewriter technology had improved, and the keys didn’t stick as badly as they had at first.
4. Who was the inventor of the first practical typewriter?
A. Henry Mill. B. Sholes’ brother-in-law.
C. Christopher Latham Sholes. D. Henry Milts brother-in-law.
5. Why could the machine invented by Henry Hill not be sold?
A. The keyboard had great disadvantages.
B. Perhaps the name of the machine was too long.
C. It was difficult for people to use it.
D. It hadn’t been patented by its inventor.
6. Why did Sholes decide on the QWERTY arrangement of the keyboard?
A. To solve the problem of the keys jamming.
B. To compete with the “ABC” key arrangement.
C. To arrange the letters in alphabetical order.
D. To cause the keys to jam when the typist worked quickly.
7. What can be inferred from the QWERTY arrangement of the keyboard?
A. It was easy for typists to memorize.
B. It could make the type bars move faster.
C. It kept the typist from typing too fast.
D. It could let the typist cover less distance on the keyboard.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了电脑键盘的发展历程。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The first practical typewriter was patented in the United States in 1868 by Christopher Latham Sholes.”（第一台实用打字机于1868年，在美国获得专利，由Christopher Latham Sholes 发明。）可知， Christopher Latham Sholes发明了第一台实用打字机。选项C符合文意，故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Henry Mill applied for a patent (专利) for a machine called An Artificial Machine or Method for the Impressing or Transcribing of Letters Singly or Progressively One After Another. That machine probably didn’t sell because no one could remember its name.”（亨利·穆勒为一种叫做人造机器或者用于单独或逐步地压印或抄写字母的方法的机器申请专利。那台机器可能卖不出去，因为没人记得它的名字。）可知，亨利·穆勒发明的机器因为没人记得它的名字，所以可能卖不出去。选项B与文意相符，故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“But on the first model, his “ABC” key arrangement ..arrangement was QWERTY arrangement that typists use today. ”（但是在第一个模型上，他的“ABC”键排列，在打字员快速工作时造成键盘拥堵。为了解决这个问题，他只是不让打字员打得太快。肖尔斯要求他的妹夫重新排列键盘，以便经常使用的字母往往不是那么接近，而且打字条将来自相反的方向。这样他们就不会撞在一起堵塞机器。新的编排是打字员现在使用的QWERTY编排。）可知，肖尔斯设置QWERTY编排的键盘是为了解决键盘工作是造成拥堵的问题。选项A与文意相符，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Sholes claimed that the new arrangement was scientific and would add speed and efficiency. But the only efficiency it added was to slow the typist down, since almost any word in the English language required the typist’s fingers to cover more distance on the keyboard.”（肖尔斯声称，新的安排是科学的，将增加速度和效率。但它唯一增加的效率是减缓打字员的速度，因为几乎英语中的任何单词都要求打字员的手指在键盘上移动更长的距离。）可知，使用这种新的编排的键盘，可以增加键入速度和提高效率。而增加的效率是减缓打字员的速度。可推知，通过使用这种QWERTY编排的键盘，可以防止打字员打得太快。选项C与文意相符，故选C。
C
BEIJING --Terry Crossman has spent 20 years in the city of Beijing he now calls home.
Wearing his bright red armband and speaking fluent Chinese, from a distance 62-year-old Gao Tianrui could be taken for any regular Chinese man. But on closer inspection, things are not quite what they seem: Gao’s real name is Terry and he is from the United States. Having lived in Beijing for more than 20 years, Terry Crossman has finally realized his Chinese dream: becoming a public security volunteer. Life as a “Xicheng Dama”has even made hi m an online celebrity.
Xicheng Dama are volunteers, usually women in late middle-age, who wander around the streets of downtown Beijing’s Xicheng district. And now Crossman has joined their club.In the video footage(片段)that recently went viral(疯传),Crossman said that at first he saw the group as busybodies, but his opinion changed once he was on the inside. “Gradually I saw that it is a good thing for retired seniors to come out and help others,” he said. In the footage, he is seen giving tourists directions, getting water for a baby and even helping a neighbor sell yogurt. “I like helping others,” he said.”I live in the hutong and my neighborsand I usually help each other...This is where I live, where my friends are and where I call home.”
Crossman became interested in Chinese culture as a teenager when he read the Tao Te Ching by Laozi. At 18, he took a ship to Taiwan to learn Chinese. On the ship the captain suggested that he should have a Chinese name. “He named me Gao Tianrui, based on the pronunciation of my English name,” he said. After Taiwan he worked in several places including New York, Singapore and a 12-year period in Hong Kong.
Crossman first came to the Chinese mainland in 1981, when he went to Shanghai and Suzhou in Jiangsu province. “ Wherever I went, I had at least 30 people following me, asking about Hong Kong,how much I earned, what my hobbies were and how I felt about the victory of the Chinese women’’s volleyball team.” he said. His first visit to Beijing was six years later on business.”There were few cars and lots of bicycles on the roads.”
Crossman and his family moved to Beijing in 1997, when the traffic was heavier and the city busier. “There were only two subway lines, with no air conditioning,” he said. Since then he has lived and worked in Beijing.
8. What does the underlined word “busybody” in the third paragraph mean?
A. A person who is too interested in what other people are doing.
B. A person who works in a government office
C. A person who does a job with a high pay.
D. A person who takes part in a sport or other activities for enjoyment.
9. What is the right order of what Crossman did?
a. He read the Tuo Te Ching by Laozib. He worked in New York and Singapore.
c. He moved to Beijing in 1997 with his family.
d. He became a member of the club of Xicheng Dama.
e. He went to Shanghai and Suzhou in Jiangsu province.
A. e, d.b,c,a B. a.b.e.c.d
C. a,e,c,d.b D. c,a,c,b,d
10. How were the people who followed Crossman wherever he went in Para. 5?
A. They were satisfied with him. B. They were worried about him
C. They were patient with him. D. They were curious about him.
11. What can be the best title for the news report?
A. American in Being lives his Chinese dream
B. American in Beijing speaks fluent Chinese
C. Terry, an American who works in Beijing
D. Terry, an American who likes Chinese culture
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了一个名叫克罗斯曼的美国人在中国生活和工作了20年，最近他成功实现了自己的中国梦：成为一名公安志愿者。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Xicheng Dama are volunteers. usually women in late middle-age.who wander around the streets of dowatown Beijing's Xicheng district”(西城大妈是志愿者，通常是中年后期的女性，她们在北京西城区闹市区的街道上游荡。）和“but his opinion changed once he was on the inside”(但一旦他进入内部，他的看法就改变了。）可推出，起初他把这个群体看做是好事的人，故busybody是“好事的人；管闲事的人”的意思。因此，第三段中带下划线的单词“busybody”意思是A项“A person who is too interested in what other people are doing.(对别人正在做的事情太感兴趣的人)”符合题意，故选A项。
【9题详解】
细 节 理 解题。根据第四段中 的“Crossman became interested in Chinese culture as a teenager when he read the Tao Te Ching by Laozi. At 18, he took a shup to Taiwan to learn Chinese."(克罗 斯曼十几岁时读了老子的《道德经》，对中国文化产生了兴趣。18岁时，他乘船去台湾学中文。）”可知，a最先发生，和“After Taiwan he worked in several places including New York, Singapore and a 12-year period in Hong Kong.(台湾之后，他在纽约、新加坡等地工作，并在香港工作了12年。）”可知b排在a之后。在根据第五段的“Crossman first came to the Chinese mainland in 1981,when he went to Shanghai and Suzhou in Jiangsu province.(克罗斯曼第一次来到中国大陆是在1981年，当时他去了该省的上海和江苏省的苏州）结合上文的“62-yecar-old Gao Tanru”可知，e排在b的前面，正确的顺序为a.b.e.c.d。因此，克罗斯曼所做的正确顺序是B项“a.b.e.c.d”符合题意，故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“asking about Hong Kong.how much I earned,what my hobbles were and how I felt about the victory of the Chinese women’s velleyball team (问我香港的情况，挣多少钱，爱好是什么，对中国女排的胜利有什么感受）”可知，人们对他很好奇。因此，无论克罗斯曼在帕拉走到哪里，跟随他的人都D项“They were curious about him.(他们对他很好奇)”符合题意，故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。 通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“Having lived in Bejing for more than 20 years, Tery Crossman has finally realized his Chinese dream: becoming a public security volunteer. Life as a“Xicheng Dama” has even made him an online celebrity.(在北京生活了20多年的 克罗斯曼终于实现了自己的中国梦：成为一名公安志愿者）”可知，A项“北京的美国人实现了他的中国梦”最能概括文意。因此，新闻报道的最佳标题是A项“American in Being lives his Chinese dream(身为美国人实现了他的中国梦)”符合题意，故选A项。
D
A study shows that the more eco-conscious way to shop is going to a physical store rather than by making purchases online from companies that don’t have physical stores. Researchers estimated that shopping at physical stores for frequently bought items such as toilet paper, shampoo and toothpaste, often results in less greenhouse gas emissions than ordering the products from a company that only sells through the Internet.
The main reason is because of how people shop online. Many buy items online frequently—but they only buy a few items per purchase. Frequent online purchases produce more packaging waste, and online items tend to come from different distribution centers. Both factors result in higher greenhouse gas emissions per item.
The team modeled their research on the movement of goods from the factory all the way through to the end consumer. They analyzed the carbon footprint of the “last mile delivery” for the three most popular types of shopping channels in the United Kingdom—physical stores, “brick & clicks”(when people order online and a physical store delivers the items to them), and “pure players”(strictly online sellers). Included in the three models were greenhouse gas emissions estimates from the number of products bought, transportation,warehouse storage, delivery and packaging activities.
The analysis showed that total greenhouse gas footprints per item purchased were higher from physical stores than those from bricks & clicks purchases in 63% of the shopping events but lower than those of pure players in 81% of shopping events in the United Kingdom. In the United States, greenhouse gas emissions from shopping at physical stores were also estimated to be higher than from the brick & click channel, and lower than the pure player channel, on average.
This pattern holds true in countries where people mostly drive. It really depends on the country and consumer behavior there.
12. What is the function of the first paragraph?
A. To persuade the readers to shop online. B. To state the reason for this study.
C. To compare two shopping ways. D. To show the research conclusion.
13. Which is one of the disadvantages of frequent online shopping?
A. It causes packaging waste. B. It is a waste of money.
C. It is not convenient. D. It results in green gas emission.
14. How is this research conducted?
A. By giving an explanation. B. By doing experiments.
C. By making comparison. D. By making a survey.
15. Which way of shopping might the author advocate?
A. Shopping by car. B. Purchasing from “brick&click”.
C. Dealing with “pure players”. D. Buying in physical stores.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。研究发现，到实体店买东西比从网上买东西更环保。短文介绍了研究的过程，倡导线上加线下购物的模式。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“A study shows that the more eco-conscious way to shop is going to a physical store rather than by making purchases online from companies that don’t have physical stores. Researchers estimated that shopping at physical stores for frequently bought items such as toilet paper, shampoo and toothpaste, often results in less greenhouse gas emissions than ordering the products from a company that only sells through the Internet.(一项研究表明，更环保的购物方式是去实体店，而不是在没有实体店的公司网上购物。研究人员估计，在实体店购买经常购买的产品，如卫生纸、洗发水和牙膏，通常比从只通过互联网销售的公司订购产品产生的温室气体更少)”可推知，第一段的目的是阐述了一个研究的结论。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Frequent online purchases produce more packaging waste, and online items tend to come from different distribution centers.(频繁的网上购物会产生更多的包装垃圾，而网上商品往往来自不同的配送中心)”可知，频繁的网购会产生更多的包装垃圾。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“They analyzed the carbon footprint of the “last mile delivery” for the three most popular types of shopping channels in the United Kingdom—physical stores, “brick & clicks”(when people order online and a physical store delivers the items to them), and “pure players”(strictly online sellers).(他们分析了英国最受欢迎的三种购物渠道的“最后一英里配送”的碳足迹——实体店、“线上加线下”（人们在网上订购，实体店将商品送到他们手中）和“纯玩家”（严格意义上的在线卖家）)”可推知，这个研究通过对比进行的。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The analysis showed that total greenhouse gas footprints per item purchased were higher from physical stores than those from bricks & clicks purchases in 63% of the shopping events but lower than those of pure players in 81% of shopping events in the United Kingdom. In the United States, greenhouse gas emissions from shopping at physical stores were also estimated to be higher than from the brick & click channel, and lower than the pure player channel, on average.(分析显示，在英国，63%的购物活动中，实体店的每件商品的温室气体排放量高于“线上加线下”商店，但在81%的购物活动中低于“纯玩家”。在美国，实体店的温室气体排放量平均也高于“线上加线下”渠道，低于纯玩家渠道)”可知，相比之下线上加线下的购物方式产生的温室气体最少。由此推知，作者可能提倡的购物方式是线上加线下模式。故选B。
第二节七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Make a Chinese Hot Pot
Eating a Chinese hot pot is a very common experience. People gather around the pot, dipping their food, waiting for it to cook, mixing their own seasonings (调味品) and enjoying each other's company. ____16____
Firstly, prepare a large pot of soup. There is no right or wrong way to prepare a soup, so feel free to make your own. A simple soup can be made by boiling water with the addition of meat bones or fish heads and a mixture of herbs, seasonings and vegetables.
Then, cut a variety of meats and fish into thin slices.____17____. Choose any food that you enjoy. Some common choices for Chinese hot pot include thin pieces of beef, pork, lamb and so on. You can make your hot pot using the more traditional method of using the meats and seafood that are local to you. Meanwhile, select, wash and prepare some vegetables. ____18____ Mushrooms of all kinds are also common to Chinese hot pot preparations.
____19____At home, a single hot pot would work well up to 4-8 people depending on the size of the pot. Make sure everyone is sitting in a circle and has easy access to everything on the table. Prepare a separate small dish for each guest to mix their seasonings. ____20____!
A. Finally, arrange the seating reasonably
B. Now comes the turn to enjoy your hot pot
C. It will guarantee that the items will cook quickly and fully
D. Here are some easy steps to make a Chinese hot pot at home
E. For more variety, consider dumplings, rice cakes and tangyuan
F. Popular choices include: cabbage, pea leaves, winter melon and tomato
G. It usually lasts a couple of hours because you are cooking and eating in small parts
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. F 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文属于记叙文阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了在家中做火锅的一些步骤。
【16题详解】
根据后文Firstly，prepare a large pot of soup；Then，cut a variety of meats and fish into thin slices可知此处介绍的是在家中做火锅的一些步骤，故选D。
【17题详解】
根据前文Then，cut a variety of meats and fish into thin slices可知要把鱼，肉切成薄片，这样可以快速而充分的烹饪，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据前文Meanwhile，select，wash and prepare some vegetables．可知同时还要准备一些蔬菜，因此推断F项最受欢迎的选择包括：卷心菜、豌豆叶、冬瓜和番茄。符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
根据后文At home，a single hot pot would work well up to 8people depending on the size of the pot.在家里，根据火锅的大小，一个火锅最多可以供4-8人使用。因此推断本段介绍了要合理安排座位，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据前文Prepare a separate small dish for each guest to mix their seasonings．可知要给每人准备一个单独小盘子，接下来就可以享用火锅了，故选B。
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s 6:15 a.m. on a school day, and Jocelyn Murzycki has two kids and she needs to get out the door in an hour. As the sky begins to ___21___, Murzycki doesn’t manage a few more minutes of sleep. ___22___, she’s heading out in the freezing cold on her daily plog —a run to___23___ litter.
First, the___24___ are: a litter grabber(垃圾夹具) and a reusable shopping bag, one side for landfill(废物填的填埋) and the other for ___25___. Covering herself up, Murzycki jogs ___26___ down Main Street, stopping briefly to pick up a plastic cup. She usually needs to stop halfway through her 20-minute run to ___27___ her bag. Within a few hours the street will look littered again. But she isn’t___28___—it just adds fuel to her plogging fire.
The word “plogging” comes from plogga, a ___29___ of two Swedish words that mean to pick up and to jog. The activity was ____30____by Erik Ahlstrom. When he moved to Stockholm, he felt____31____ at the amount of litter in the streets and began gathering friends to clean up the neighborhood while out for runs. Now Mr. Ahlstrom is traveling the world, making the ____32____ of plogging known to the public. In the U.S., social media and running groups are ____33____ people to get out and plog: the “plogging” tag (标签) alone has more than 40,000 posts.
Murzycki has been doing this for a few years even before the trend hit the U.S. “It really is super____34____ if you go out every single day and just pick up litter,” she says. But she’s figured out how to make it fun by jogging with friends and adding the ____35____ and she adds one push-up(俯卧撑), finding a tiny glass bottle.
21. A. lighten B. snow C. clear D. darken
22. A. Thus B. Otherwise C. Nevertheless D. Instead
23. A. pay for B. seek for C. account for D. fight for
24. A. samples B. types C. possessions D. necessities
25. A. recycling B. updating C. sorting D. donating
26. A. appropriately B. purposefully C. personally D. flexibly
27. A. pack B. drop C. empty D. search
28. A. discovered B. accepted C. prevented D. persuaded
29. A. collection B. comparison C. connection D. combination
30. A. controlled B. challenged C. launched D. joined
31. A. confused B. amazed C. amused D. hopeless
32. A. benefits B. features C. rules D. consequences
33. A. requiring B. inspiring C. reminding D. warning
34. A. shameful B. relaxing C. depressing D. false
35. A. exercise B. value C. weight D. training
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Jocelyn Murzycki通过plogging一边跑以便捡垃圾，在享受乐趣的同时，为保护环境尽一份力。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着天空开始变亮，默兹基无法再多睡几分钟。A.lighten变亮、照亮；B.snow下雪；C.clear清理，清除；D.darken变暗。根据上文“It’s 6:15 a.m. on a school day”可知，早上的时候天会逐渐变亮（lighten）。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：相反，她每天都在寒冷的天气里跑出去寻找垃圾。A.Thus因此；B.Otherwise否则；C.Nevertheless然而；D.Instead相反。根据下文“she’s heading out in the freezing cold on her daily plog —a run to___3___ litter.”可知，没有多睡几分钟，而是（Instead）做了另一件事情替代。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：相反，她每天都在寒冷天气里跑出去寻找垃圾。A.pay for支付；B.seek for寻找；C.account for对…负有责任；D.fight for争取。根据下文“First, the___4___ are: a litter grabber(垃圾夹具) and a reusable shopping bag”可推知，她去街上寻找（seek for）垃圾、捡垃圾。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，必要工具是一个垃圾夹具和一个可重复利用的购物袋，一边用于装可填埋的垃圾，另一边装可回收的垃圾。A.samples样品；B.types类型；C.possessions财产；D.necessities必需品。根据下文“a litter grabber(垃圾夹具) and a reusable shopping bag”可知，一个垃圾夹具和一个可重复利用的购物袋是去街上捡垃圾需要一些必要（necessities）工具。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动名词词义辨析。句意：首先，必要工具是一个垃圾夹具和一个可重复利用的购物袋，一边用于装可填埋的垃圾，另一边装可回收的垃圾。A.recycling回收；B.updating更新；C.sorting分类；D.donating捐赠。根据“one side for landfill(废物填的填埋)”可知，此处是指口袋的另一边装可回收的垃圾。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Murzycki有目的地在主要街道上慢跑，短暂地停下来拾起一个塑料瓶。A.appropriately恰当地；B.purposefully有目的地；C.personally个人地；D.flexibly灵活地。根据上文“___2___, she’s heading out in the freezing cold on her daily plog —a run to___3___ litter.”可推知，Murzycki有目的地（purposefully）慢跑主要是为了捡垃圾。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她经常需要在20分钟的行程后，停下来清空她的袋子。A.pack收拾；B.drop滴落；C.empty清空；D.search搜索。根据上文“ a reusable shopping bag”可知，Murzycki只带了一个购物袋，跑步过程中不断回收垃圾，那么袋子自然而然会满，需要清空（empty）。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她并没有被阻碍——这只是给她的活动增加了助力。A.discovered发现；B.accepted认可的，接受；C.prevented阻碍；D.persuaded说服。根据下文“it just adds fuel to her plogging fire.”可知，街上又出现的垃圾并没有给她带来阻力，而是动力，推知她并没有因此而感到被阻碍（prevented）。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“Plogging”一词来自plogga，是两个瑞典单词的组合，意思是捡起和慢跑。A.collection收集；B.comparison比较；C.connection联系；D.combination组合。根据下文“…two Swedish words that mean to pick up and to jog”可知，“Plogging”是两个单词组合（combination）形成一个单词。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：活动是由埃里克·艾尔斯特伦发起。A.controlled受约束，控制；B.challenged挑战；C.launched发起，推出；D.joined加入。根据下文“When he moved to Stockholm, he felt___11___ at the amount of litter in the streets and began gathering friends to clean up the neighborhood while out for runs.”可知，当埃里克·艾尔斯特伦搬到斯德哥尔摩时，他对街上垃圾的数量感到震惊，并开始召集朋友在外出跑步时清理社区。推知，此处指这项活动由埃里克·艾尔斯特伦发起（launched）。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他搬到斯德哥尔摩时，他对街上的垃圾数量感到惊讶，并开始召集朋友在外出跑步时清理社区。A.confused困惑的；B.amazed震惊的，吃惊的；C.amused好笑的；D.hopeless绝望的。根据下文“…began gathering friends to clean up the neighborhood while out for runs”可知，埃里克召集朋友在外出跑步时清理社区，推知，他对街上的垃圾数量感到震惊（amazed）。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在Ahlstrom先生在世界各地旅行，让公众知道“plogging”这个活动的好处。A.benefits好处；B.features特征；C.rules规则；D.consequences后果。根据上文“…a ___9___ of two Swedish words that mean to pick up and to jog.”可知，plogging可以一边锻炼一边捡垃圾，即有利于健康也保护了环境，是有好处的（benefits）。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在美国，社交媒体和跑步团体正在鼓励人们走出去并且参与捡垃圾的活动。A.requiring要求；B.inspiring鼓励，启发；C.reminding提醒；D.warning警告。根据 “…people to get out and plog”可推知，在美国，人们被鼓励（inspiring）走出去参与这项活动。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“如果你每天都去到外面并且只是捡垃圾，这真的是太令人沮丧了”。A.shameful可耻的；B.relaxing令人放松的；C.depressing令人沮丧的；D.false错误的。根据下文“But she’s figured out how to make it fun..”可知，句意发生了转折，本空格应填入与fun相反意义的词，depressing“令人沮丧的”符合题意。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是她知道了如何通过与朋友们一起慢跑和增加锻炼，每找到一个小玻璃瓶就增加一个俯卧撑。A.exercise锻炼；B.value价值；C.weight重量；D.training训练。根据该句中“jogging，push-up”可知，慢跑和俯卧撑都是一种锻炼（exercise），故选A项。
第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhang Guimei, devoted to education in China’s southwestern borders for 40 years, is___36___”mother” for more than 170 children, motivating young girls from poor families in mountainous areas.She has lit up hopes of many for education.
Zhang was born in Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang province in 1957. She came to Yunnan province at 17 years old, ___37___(respond) to the call of the country to support the development of border areas. Teaching at a middle school there, she saw the low ___38___(admit) of girls to high school. It saddened her so much to find out that these girl ___39___(give) up their school work long before due to poverty. ___40___, Zhang decided to build a free all-girl high school in 2002, in hope of changing the destiny of the girls in the mountain.In 2007, Zhang went to Beijing as a deputy for the 17th CPC National Congress. Her speech”I Have a Dream”, ___41___(make) at the meeting, had her dream of building a free all-girl high school known ___42___us all. A year later, the school was completed as the first free all-girl high school in China.
On June 29, Zhang ___43___(award) July 1st Medal at a ceremony in Beijing, ___44___she said she did this out of her gratitude and love for the country, as well as her identity ____45____(original) as a CPC member. As long as she was still capable, she would stand in the classroom to give her all without regret.
【答案】36. a 37. responding
38. admission
39. had given
40. Therefore##Thus
41. made 42. to
43. was awarded
44. where 45. originally
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了张桂梅致力于中国西南偏远地区的女子教育的感人事迹。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：张桂梅致力于中国西南偏远地区的教育40年，她是170多位孩子的妈妈，激励着贫苦山区的女孩。根据句意，此处表示她是一位妈妈，空处应用不定冠词表示泛指，mother是辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用a。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：17岁时，响应祖国的号召支援偏远地区的教育，她来到云南。分析句子，空处作非谓语动词，respond与逻辑主语She之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填responding。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：在那里的中学教书时，她注意到女孩进入高中的机会很少。根据空格前的the low可知空处应用名词，作宾语，admission是名词，表示“准许进入”。故填admission。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：发现许多女孩很久以前由于贫困放弃学业，这让她感到很难过。根据句中saddened使用过去式形式可知，动作发生在过去，结合语意，“女孩放弃学业”发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had given。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：因此，在2002年，张桂梅决定建立一所免费女子高中，希望改变山区女孩的命运。结合语意，本句与前句之间是因果关系，空处应用副词therefore/thus，表示“因此”。故填Therefore/Thus。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她在大会上演讲——我有一个梦想，使她建立一所免费女子高中的梦想被大家知道。分析句子，空处作非谓语动词，make与被修饰词Her speech “I Have a Dream”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填made。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：她在大会上的演讲——我有一个梦想，使她建立一所免费女子高中的梦想被大家知道。known to us all表示“被大家所知”，为固定搭配，所以空处应填介词to。故填to。
【43题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：在6月29日，张桂梅在北京颁奖典礼上被授予七一勋章，在颁奖典礼上，她说她做这些是出于对祖国的感激和爱，也出于她最初作为党员的身份。根据时间状语On June 29可知，句子陈述过去的事实，应用一般过去时，且award与主语Zhang之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was awarded。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在6月29日，张桂梅在北京颁奖典礼上被授予七一勋章，在颁奖典礼上，她说她做这些是出于对祖国的感激和爱，也出于她最初作为党员的身份。分析句子，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a ceremony，先行词指地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用where引导从句。故填where。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：在6月29日，张桂梅在北京颁奖典礼上被授予七一勋章，在颁奖典礼上，她说她做这些是出于对祖国的感激和爱，也出于她最初作为党员的身份。分析句子，空处修饰as a CPC member，应用副词形式作状语，originally是副词，表示“起初，最初”。故填originally。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假设你是李华，作为一名高一学生你要去参加一次主题为“Learn to relax before an examination!”的英文演讲，因而你要写一份演讲稿。主要内容如下：1.考前焦虑的坏处；2.给考生们提出合理的建议。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以话当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头结尾已为你写好，不计入词数。
Learn to relax before an examination
Nowadays, as senior secondary students, we have to face many examinations.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Learn to relax before an examination!
Nowadays, as Senior Secondary students, we have to face many examinations. Many of us feel quite anxious before various examinations, not sleeping well in the night or feeling frightened and blank in the mind just before the examinations, which has a negative impact on our health as well as our performance during the examinations.
How to cope with the anxiety before an examination may vary from person to person. Generally, doing some light exercise is a good way to relieve our anxiety, which can help us to relax both physically and mentally. In addition, chatting with our good friends also works out well because a casual talk will help us move away from the examination for a moment. Last but not least, thinking about some happy things in our life may also contribute to our relaxation before an examination.
All in all, don't let anxiety stand in your way. Take it easy and everything will be OK.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是李华，作为一名高一学生你要去参加一次主题为“Learn to relax before an examination!”的英文演讲，因而你要写一份演讲稿。
详解】1.词汇积累
害怕的：frightened→fearful
处理：cope with→deal with
此外：in addition→besides
有助于：contribute to→be conducive to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last but not least, thinking about some happy things in our life may also contribute to our relaxation before an examination.
拓展句：Last but not least, when we think about some happy things in our life, our relaxation before an examination also can be produced.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Many of us feel quite anxious before various examinations, not sleeping well in the night or feeling frightened and blank in the mind just before the examinations, which has a negative impact on our health as well as our performance during the examinations. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] How to cope with the anxiety before an examination may vary from person to person. (运用了“疑问词+不定式”结构作主语)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was doing some shopping in a toy store and decided to look at Barbie dolls for my nieces. A well-dressed little girl was excitedly looking through the Barbie dolls as well，with a roll of money tight in her little hand. When she came upon a Barbie she liked，she would turn and ask her father if she had enough money to buy it. Her father usually said“Yes”，but she kept asking，“Do I have enough…?
As she watched the Barbie dolls，a little boy came along and started searching the Pokemon toys. He was dressed neatly，but in clothes that were obviously rather worn，and he was wearing a jacket that was too small. He also had money in his hand，but it looked to be five dollars at most. He was with his father as well，and kept picking up the Pokemon video toys. Each time he picked one up and looked at his father，his father shook his head，saying“No”.
The little girl had apparently chosen her Barbie，a beautiful doll. However，she had stopped and was watching the interaction between the little boy and his father. Rather desperately，the boy had given up on the video games and had chosen what looked like a book of stickers instead.
The little girl put her Barbie back on the shelf，and ran over to the Pokemon toys. She excitedly picked up one that was lying on top of the other toys，and raced toward the check-out，after speaking with her father. I picked up my purchases and got in line behind them. Then，much to the little girl’s delight，the little boy and his father got in line as well. After the toy was paid and packed，the little girl handed it back to the cashier and whispered something in her ear. The cashier smiled and put the package under the counter.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was paying for my purchases when the little boy came up to the cashier.
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I heard the father ask his daughter why she had done that.
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【答案】I was paying for my purchases when the little boy came up to the cashier. The cashier said to him，“Congratulations，you are my hundredth customer today，and you win a prize!”She handed the Pokemon toy to the little boy，but he could only stare in disbelief. It was exactly what he had wanted!And meanwhile I witnessed the biggest and prettiest smile on the little girl. Then she and her father walked out of the door，and I followed close behind them to my car.
I heard the father ask his daughter why she had done that. I’ll never forget what the girl said to her father. “Daddy，didn’t you want me to buy something that would make me happy?”The father said，“Of course，I did，honey. ”The little girl added，“Well，I just did it with my pocket money!”He smiled and said，“Honey，what you did was right. Giving is the greatest joy. ”Hearing that，the girl started skipping toward their car happily.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了“我”在商店买礼物时看到的事情：生活富裕的小女孩给穿着整洁但是破旧的小男孩买口袋妖怪玩具，并通过收银员智慧地送给小男孩的故事。小女孩用自己的零用钱买礼物的事情告诉我们：给予是最大的快乐。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“当小男孩走到收银员跟前时，我正在付款。”可知，第一段可描写收银员如何在小女孩的要求下智慧地把玩具送给小男孩。
②由第二段首句内容“我听到父亲问他的女儿为什么要那样做。”可知第二段可描写女儿回答父亲的问题：为什么买了口袋妖怪玩具并且智慧地送给小男孩，使故事得到升华。
2.续写线索：“我”在商店挑选送给侄女们的芭比娃娃——穿着讲究的小女孩挑选芭比娃娃，通过父女互动发现小女孩的钱充裕——穿着整洁但是破旧的小男孩挑选口袋妖怪玩具，通过父子互动发现小男孩钱不够——小男孩因为钱不够绝望地选择了贴纸书——小女孩放弃芭比娃娃，拿了口袋袋妖怪玩具去收银台结账，并且和收银员耳语后把口袋妖怪玩具给收银员——收银员如何在小女孩的要求下智慧地送礼物—父亲问女儿送礼物缘由，故事得到升华
3.词汇激活
行为类
①获奖：receive an award/win a prize
②把某物交给某人：deliver sth. to sb./hand sth. to sb.
③走出：walk out of/go out of
④想要某人做某事：would like sb. to do/want sb. to do
情绪类
①难以置信地：beyond belief/in disbelief
②高兴的：pleased/glad/happy
【点睛】[高分句型1]

It was exactly what he had wanted! （运用了what引导的表语从句）
[高分句型2] I’ll never forget what the girl said to her father. （运用了what引导的宾语句）
[高分句型3]
Hearing that，the girl started skipping toward their car happily.（运用了非谓语动词作状语）
听力答案： 1-5AACBC 6-10 BBBAA 11-15CCBBA 16-20 ABCCA