还剩20页未读，
继续阅读
2022届重庆市巴蜀中学高三下学期适应性月考卷（七）英语含解析
展开
这是一份2022届重庆市巴蜀中学高三下学期适应性月考卷（七）英语含解析，共23页。
巴蜀中学2022届高考适应性月考卷（七）
英 语
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。
3. 考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where will the man spend his holiday this year?
A. America. B. Brazil. C. Canada.
2. What does the woman mean?
A. The man is a big eater.
B. The man loves doing sports.
C. The man was a world champion.
3. Who is the patient?
A. The woman herself. B. The woman’s daughter. C. The woman’s mother.
4. What does the woman probably do for a living?
A. She’s a saleswoman. B. She’s an accountant. C. She’s a bank clerk.
5. Why wasn’t the man accepted?
A. He had low grades.
B. He only focused on studying.
C. He had many other activities.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。
6. Why was the man scared by the news?
A. He ate the same thing.
B. He was feeling sick as well.
C. Those people were his friends.
7. What time is it now?
A. 11:00 a.m. B. 3:00 p.m. C. 4:00 p.m.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。
8. Why doesn’t Adam want to take the test?
A. He wasn’t well-prepared.
B. He has to go to the bathroom.
C. He has to make it to the bus stop.
9. What will Adam do after class?
A. Take the test again. B. Go home immediately. C. Review with the teacher.
10. How does the woman seem to feel in the end?
A. Happy and excited. B. Mad and frustrated. C. Sad and confused.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。
11. What is the man interested in buying?
A. Just a new sofa. B. New bedroom furniture. C. A new living room set.
12. How did the woman first learn about Mancini’s?
A. She saw its ad in a newspaper.
B. She drove by it one day.
C. A friend told her about it.
13. What is true about Mancini’s?
A. It has low prices.
B. It has many different choices.
C. It is next to a supermarket.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16题。
14. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Some interesting phrases.
B. How to choose clothes.
C. Not judging other people.
15. What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. Buy some good clothes. B. Speak his mind openly. C. Have his hair cut.
16. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Friends. B. Brother and sister. C. Saleswoman and customer.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20题。
17. Where will people drive the mini cars?
A. On the racetrack. B. In a park. C. On the streets.
18 What will happen if drivers drive too aggressively?
A. They will be kicked out.
B. They will sit out for one race.
C. They will get a warning.
19. What are drivers expected to do if there is an accident?
A. Help the victims right away.
B. Use the safety features properly.
C. Fill out an insurance form.
20. What can we learn about Fast ‘n’ Furious Mini Cars?
A. A deposit is required.
B. Food is allowed in cars.
C Drivers can’t rest between races.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
How to Apply for Columbia University
Application Requirements
Application Options
Columbia accepts either the Coalition Application or the Common Application. These applications include:
·Autobiographical information
·Lists and descriptions of a student’s achievements, activities, employment and summer activities Secondary School Report
·An official high school transcript (成绩单) from all high schools attended
·One high school counselor’s recommendation and school profile
·The completed Mid-Year Report
Standardized Tests
We ask applicants to submit:
·SAT or ACT
·Applicants may self-report their scores
·English proficiency examination score (if necessary)
Teacher Recommendations
·These recommendations must come from teachers who taught you in academic disciplines.
·For engineering applicants, one must come from a math teacher.
Application Fee
An $85 nonrefundable application fee is required as part of an application to Columbia University. We are unable to refund the application fee under any circumstances. Submit payment online using an electronic check or Visa, MasterCard, Discover or American Express credit card. Payment is due at the time that you submit your application.
Dates & Deadlines
November 1
·Deadline for Early Decision applications
November 15
·Deadline for Early Decision financial aid applications
Mid-December
·Admissions and financial aid decisions released online to Early Decision candidates
January 1
·Deadline for Regular Decision applications
Early January
·Early Decision response deadline
February 15
·Deadline for Regular Decision financial aid applications
Early April
·Admissions and financial aid decisions released online to Regular Decision candidates
May 2
·Regular Decision response deadline
Late June
·Final transcript due for incoming students
Contact
For questions about undergraduate admission and the application process, please visit our online FAQs. If you still can’t find your answer, please contact us.
1. What must an application to Columbia University include?
A. The result of SAT or ACT.
B. An official college transcript.
C. Descriptions of the schools attended.
D. A recommendation from a math teacher.
2. What can we know about the application fee?
A. It can be paid either in cash or by check.
B. It will be refunded if an applicant is rejected.
C. It must be paid once the application is submitted.
D. It may vary with the major that an applicant applies for.
3. When will Regular Decision applicants know their admission results?
A. Mid-December. B. January 1.
C. Early April. D. Late June.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是如何申请哥伦比亚大学。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Standardized Tests部分的“SAT or ACT”可知，申请哥伦比亚大学必须包括SAT或ACT成绩。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Application Fee部分的“Payment is due at the time that you submit your application.（付款在您提交申请时就应支付。）”可知，申请提交后必须立即支付申请费。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Dates & Deadlines部分的Early April中的“ Admissions and financial aid decisions released online to Regular Decision candidates”（4月初，录取和经济援助决定在网上向Regular Decision申请人发布结果）”可知，Regular Decisio申请人在四月初可得知他们的录取结果，故选C。
B
The film Don’t Look Up, from director Adam McKay and writer David Sirota, tells the story of Kate Dibiasky (Jennifer Lawrence) and Dr Randall Mindy (Leonardo DiCaprio), two astronomers who discover a comet that will impact the Earth in just over six months. The certainty of impact is 99.7%, as certain as just about anything in science.
The two astronomers are given a 20-minute audience with the president, who is glad to hear that impact isn’t technically 100% certain. Weighing election strategy above the fate of the planet, she decides to “sit tight and assess”. Desperate, they then go on a national morning show, but the TV hosts make light of their warning.
By now, the approaching collision with comet Dibiasky is confirmed by scientists around the world. After political winds shift, the president initiates a mission to divert (使转向) the comet, but changes her mind at the last moment when urged to do so by a billionaire donor with his own plan to guide it to a safe landing, using unproven technology, in order to claim its precious metals.
We live in a society in which, despite extraordinarily clear climate danger, more than half of Republican members of Congress still say climate change is a trick and many more wish to block action. Given all this, dismissing Don’t Look Up as too obvious might say more about the critic than the film. It’s funny and terrifying because it conveys a certain cold truth that climate scientists and others who understand the full depth of the climate emergency are living every day.
I hope that this movie, comically describing how hard it is to break through general norms, actually helps break through those norms in real life. I also hope Hollywood is learning how to tell climate stories that highlight the many absurdities that arise from collectively knowing what’s coming while collectively failing to act, instead of stories that create comforting distance from the grave danger we are in via unrealistic technology fixes for unrealistic disaster scenarios (设想). More and better facts will not catalyze (催化) this sociocultural tipping point, but more and better stories might.
4. Why does the president cancel the mission to divert the comet?
A. The diverting technology is unproven.
B. The impact isn’t technically 100% certain.
C. The media make light of the impact warning.
D. The mission is opposed by her election sponsor.
5. What is Don’t Look Up mainly about?
A. How political ills affect Americans.
B. How politicians block scientists’ action.
C. How two astronomers try to solve a crisis.
D. How a crisis becomes increasingly serious.
6. Which words best describe Don’t Look Up, according to the author?
A. Romantic and critical. B. Ironic and enlightening.
C. Realistic and light-hearted. D. Entertaining and historical.
7. What message does the author want to convey through the text?
A. Sci-fi films should focus more on reality than fantasy.
B. More and better stories may help break ill social norms.
C. American politicians give priority to their own benefits.
D. The truth about the climate crisis is hidden from the public.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是电影《不要抬头》。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“After political winds shift, the president initiates a mission to divert the comet, but changes her mind at the last moment when urged to do so by a billionaire donor with his own plan to guide it to a safe landing, using unproven technology, in order to claim its precious metals.（政治风向转变后，总统启动了一项改变彗星方向的任务，但在最后一刻，她改变了主意，因为一位亿万富翁捐赠者敦促她这么做，他自己的计划是引导它安全着陆，使用未经验证的技术，以获得其贵金属）”可知，总统取消改变彗星方向的任务是因为这一任务遭到她的竞选赞助商的反对，故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“The film Don’t Look Up, from director Adam McKay and writer David Sirota, tells the story of Kate Dibiasky (Jennifer Lawrence) and Dr Randall Mindy (Leonardo DiCaprio), two astronomers who discover a comet that will impact the Earth in just over six months. The certainty of impact is 99.7%, as certain as just about anything in science.（由亚当·麦凯导演和大卫·西罗塔编剧的电影《不要抬头》讲述了两位天文学家凯特·迪比阿斯基(詹妮弗·劳伦斯饰)和兰德尔·明迪博士(莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥饰)发现了一颗将在六个多月后撞击地球的彗星的故事。撞击的确定性是99.7%，和科学上的任何事情一样确定。）”可知，这部电影主要是关于两位天文学家如何解决危机。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“It’s funny and terrifying because it conveys a certain cold truth that climate scientists and others who understand the full depth of the climate emergency are living every day.（它既有趣又可怕，因为它传达了一个冷酷的事实，气候科学家和其他完全了解气候紧急状况深度的人每天都在生活。）”和最后一段的“I hope that this movie, comically describing how hard it is to break through general norms, actually helps break through those norms in real life.（这部电影滑稽地描述了打破常规是多么困难，我希望这部电影能够帮助人们在现实生活中打破常规。）”可推断出，这部电影既讽刺又带有启发性，即Ironic and enlightening，故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I hope that this movie, comically describing how hard it is to break through general norms, actually helps break through those norms in real life.（这部电影滑稽地描述了打破常规是多么困难，我希望这部电影能够帮助人们在现实生活中打破常规。）”及“More and better facts will not catalyze (催化) this sociocultural tipping point, but more and better stories might.（更多更好的事实不会催化这个社会文化转折点，但更多更好的故事可能会。）”可知，作者想通过这篇文章传达的信息是更多更好的故事可能有助于打破不良的社会规范，故选B。
C
Sending rockets into space requires sacrificing expensive equipment, burning massive amounts of fuel, and risking potential catastrophe. So in the space race of the 21st century, some engineers are abandoning rockets for something much more exciting: elevators.
Imagine hopping on a fast-spinning carousel (旋转木马) while holding a rope attached to a rock. As long as the carousel keeps spinning, the rock and rope will remain horizontal, kept in the air by centrifugal force (离心力). If we replace the carousel with the Earth, the rope with a long cable, and the rock with a counterweight, we can imagine the modern space elevator—a cable pulled into space by the physics of our spinning planet. For this to work, the counterweight would need to be far enough away that the centrifugal force generated by the Earth’s spin is greater than the planet’s gravity. These forces balance out at roughly 36,000 kilometers above the surface, so the counterweight should be beyond this height. The resultant force on objects at this specific distance is evidently zero, leaving the objects in geostationary orbit, which means they revolve around the Earth at the same rate the planet spins, thus appearing motionless in the sky.
The counterweight itself could be anything. From here, the cable could be released down through the atmosphere and connected to a base station on the planet’s surface. To maximize centrifugal acceleration, this anchor point should be close to the Equator. And by making the loading station a mobile ocean base, the entire system could be moved at will, allowing it to perform around extreme weather, and avoid satellites in space. Once established, cargo could be loaded onto devices called climbers, which would pull packages along the cable and into orbit.
But the main problem lies in the cable itself. In addition to supporting a massive amount of weight, the cable’s material would have to be strong enough to stand the counterweight’s pull. And because this tension and the force of gravity would vary at different points, its strength and thickness would need to vary as well. But so far, we’ve only been able to manufacture very small nanotube (纳米碳管) chains.
8. Why does the author mention the carousel experience in Paragraph 2?
A. To illustrate a theory. B. To make a prediction.
C. To introduce the topic. D. To provide the background.
9. What makes objects revolve around the Earth at the same rate the planet spins?
A. The resultant force. B. The counterweight’s pull.
C. The centrifugal force. D. The planet’s gravity.
10. Which of the following statements about the space elevator is correct?
A. The loading position would be a fixed base.
B. The climbers would pull the cable into orbit.
C. The cargo could be sent into orbit from the sea.
D. The cable could connect the base station to the Equator.
11. How might scientists solve the cable problem?
A. By operating the elevator with more cables.
B. By making the cable flexible and strengthened.
C. By reducing the counterweight’s pull on the cable.
D. By building the elevator somewhere with no gravity.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是现代太空升降机——一根通过我们旋转的星球的物理机制拉入太空的缆绳。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“As long as the carousel keeps spinning, the rock and rope will remain horizontal, kept in the air by centrifugal force (离心力). If we replace the carousel with the Earth, the rope with a long cable, and the rock with a counterweight, we can imagine the modern space elevator—a cable pulled into space by the physics of our spinning planet.（只要旋转木马继续旋转，岩石和绳索就会保持水平，并通过离心力保持在空中。如果我们用地球代替旋转木马，用长缆绳代替绳索，用配重代替岩石，我们可以想象现代太空升降机——一根通过我们旋转的星球的物理机制拉入太空的缆绳。）”可知，作者在第2段中提到旋转木马的经历目的是来说明一个理论，故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The resultant force on objects at this specific distance is evidently zero, leaving the objects in geostationary orbit, which means they revolve around the Earth at the same rate the planet spins, thus appearing motionless in the sky.（在这个特定距离上物体的合力显然为零，使物体处于地球静止轨道，这意味着它们以与行星相同的旋转速度绕地球旋转，因此在天空中看起来是静止的。）”可知，让物体以与地球相同的速度围绕地球旋转的是合力，即The resultant force，故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“And by making the loading station a mobile ocean base, the entire system could be moved at will, allowing it to perform around extreme weather, and avoid satellites in space.（通过使装载站成为一个移动的海洋基地，整个系统可以随意移动，允许它在极端天气下运行，并避开太空中的卫星。）”可知，这些货物可以从海上送入轨道。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“In addition to supporting a massive amount of weight, the cable’s material would have to be strong enough to stand the counterweight’s pull. And because this tension and the force of gravity would vary at different points, its strength and thickness would need to vary as well.（除了支撑大量重量外，电缆的材料还必须足够坚固，以承受配重的拉力。因为这种张力和重力在不同的点会不同，所以它的强度和厚度也需要不同。）”可知，科学家通过使电缆灵活和加强来解决电缆问题，故选B。
D
About a million years ago a small mutation (突变) might have unlocked a big advantage for ancient humans. A recent study in Science Advances suggests that a variant of a critical stretch of DNA called the growth hormone receptor (激素受体) gene protected against starvation—in part by limiting individuals’ body size during periods of resource scarcity.
Previous research had linked the variant, called GHRd3, to characteristics such as smaller birth size and earlier sexual maturity, as well as other qualities that can benefit organisms when food is scarce, says the study’s lead author Omer Gokcumen from the University at Buffalo. Still, researchers wanted to know more precisely what role the mutation played in human evolution.
To dig deeper, Gokcumen and his colleagues turned to mice. Or rather they turned some mice into analogues (类似物) of early humans. Using the genetic editing tool CRISPR-Cas9, the team deleted a section of mice’s growth hormone receptor gene so it resembled the GHRd3 variant. The modified mice were not especially different from ordinary ones when fed a regular diet. But when fed very little, the male carriers grew up to be smaller than their unmodified counterparts. Gokcumen’s team also found that among a group of 176 modern human children who survived malnutrition, symptoms were less severe in boys and girls with GHRd3.
These findings could help explain why GHRd3 has persisted for so long. Perhaps it paid to be small in times of scarcity, the researchers suppose—but in times of abundance large size won out. Changes in available resources could then have balanced the costs and benefits of different variants within a population. “It’s a trade-off,” Gokcumen says. “I would probably fare better than Arnold Schwarzenegger if we each had 1,000 calories a day.”
The team’s explanation is “plausible”, says Megan Dennis, a geneticist at the University of California, who was not part of the study. She praises the functional experiments in mice but notes that the affected gene is involved in so many fundamental processes that it is difficult to pin down GHRd3’s most adaptive effects. “I was like, ‘Wow, there’s so much that could be happening here,’” Dennis says.
12. What can we learn about GHRd3?
A. It may decline as a result of resource limitations.
B. It performs its function when animals’ size is small.
C. It can be modified to limit animals’ size to fight starvation.
D. It is a shortened version of the growth hormone receptor gene.
13. Which of the following statements might Gokcumen’s team agree with?
A. When there is little food, it pays to be small.
B. When food is insufficient, GHRd3 won’t work.
C. When you go on a diet, GHRd3 can be harmful.
D. When humans fight for resources, their size matters.
14. What does the underlined word “plausible” mean in the last paragraph?
A. Statistically incredible. B. Relatively conventional.
C. Technically adequate. D. Seemingly reasonable.
15. Which of the following could be the best title of this text?
A. How Ancient Humans Survived Starvation
B. Gene Variant Saves Humans from Starvation
C. What Role GHRd3 Plays in Human Evolution
D. The Influence of Resource Shortage on GHRd3
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是最近发表在《科学进展》杂志上的一项研究表明，一种被称为生长激素受体基因的DNA关键片段的变体能够保护人体免受饥饿。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“A recent study in Science Advances suggests that a variant of a critical stretch of DNA called the growth hormone receptor (激素受体) gene protected against starvation—in part by limiting individuals’ body size during periods of resource scarcity.（最近发表在《科学进展》杂志上的一项研究表明，一种被称为生长激素受体基因的DNA关键片段的变体能够保护人体免受饥饿——在资源匮乏时期，这种基因的部分作用在于限制个体的体型。）”和第二段的“Previous research had linked the variant, called GHRd3（此前的研究已经将这种名为GHRd3的变异与之联系）”可知，GHRd3是生长激素受体基因的缩写版本。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Previous research had linked the variant, called GHRd3, to characteristics such as smaller birth size and earlier sexual maturity, as well as other qualities that can benefit organisms when food is scarce, says the study’s lead author Omer Gokcumen from the University at Buffalo.（该研究的主要作者、布法罗大学的Omer Gokcumen说，此前的研究将这种被称为GHRd3的变异与一些特征联系在一起，比如出生时体型更小、性成熟时间更早，以及其他在食物匮乏时有利于生物体的品质。）”可知，Gokcumen的团队可能会同意的观点是当食物很少的时候，规模小是有好处的，故选A。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“She praises the functional experiments in mice but notes that the affected gene is involved in so many fundamental processes that it is difficult to pin down GHRd3’s most adaptive effects.（她赞扬了在老鼠身上进行的功能实验，但指出受影响的基因参与了如此多的基本过程，因此很难确定GHRd3的最适应效应。）”可知，Megan Dennis认为这个团队的解释似乎是可信的，因此划线词plausible的意思是“看似合理的”，即Seemingly reasonable，故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“A recent study in Science Advances suggests that a variant of a critical stretch of DNA called the growth hormone receptor (激素受体) gene protected against starvation（最近发表在《科学进展》(Science Advances)杂志上的一项研究表明，一种被称为生长激素受体基因的关键DNA片段的变体能够保护人体免受饥饿）”可知，本文主要介绍的是一种使人免于饥饿的基因变体，因此最好的题目是B选项“Gene Variant Saves Humans from Starvation（基因变体使人类免于饥饿）”。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Accepting a job offer can be exciting. ___16___ If we feel like we are settling, then it can also bring about a sense of frustration, anxiety, or even sadness.
I have felt the sting (刺痛) of settling many times in my life. Years ago, I took a freelance (自由职业的) role that at first, second, and third glance led to feelings of depression. What was once an expanding universe of potential in my career suddenly contracted. ___17___ “This is not why I studied mathematics or worked so hard,” I complained. I felt stuck. But the job came with a bonus: business trips to a fascinating city. And once I realized that the job wasn’t entirely gloomy, I started to notice other pluses I hadn’t previously considered.
We will all take roles at various times in our careers that do not tick all our goal boxes. We have a good reason for accepting the job offer, such as the need for a job in a certain location to keep family members together. ___18___ If we’re currently in this situation, we need to shift our concept of settling. Instead of taking a role with a sense of desperation, we can think about the new skills we’ll develop or the connections we’ll make.
We alone get to decide how to perceive an opportunity. A job is not a destiny. It is simply a step toward a destination. We must be aware of how individual roles, even the most boring, are still useful, relevant, and beneficial. ___19___ Something is not happening to us; on the contrary, we are making something happen for us.
___20___ I expect there will be other jobs that at first glance will seem like I am settling. But I will serve myself even better if I see the situation for what it is: a temporary station on the way to a fascinating and fun career.
A. I need the money, so I settle.
B. Oh, how I hungered for more!
C. But what if the job doesn’t tick all our boxes?
D. And when we make this mental move, we feel stronger.
E. Yet we may feel that it presents too many new challenges.
F. The freelance role that I settled on years ago won’t be my last.
G. But we may also have a sense of unease that we are giving up the ability to dream.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. G 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是对工作的看法。
【16题详解】
空格后说“If we feel like we are settling, then it can also bring about a sense of frustration, anxiety, or even sadness.（如果我们觉得自己正在安定下来，那么它也会带来挫败感、焦虑甚至悲伤）”，C选项“But what if the job doesn’t tick all our boxes?（但如果这份工作没有满足我们所有的标准呢？）”的But表转折，前面的“exciting”和后面的“ doesn’t tick all our boxes”构成转折，因此C选项承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
【17题详解】
空格后说““This is not why I studied mathematics or worked so hard,” I complained. I felt stuck.（“这不是我学习数学或如此努力工作的原因，”我抱怨道。我觉得卡住了）”可知，工作没有让作者满足，他/她想要更多，B选项“Oh, how I hungered for more!（哦，我多么渴望得到更多！）”符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文“We have a good reason for accepting the job offer, such as the need for a job in a certain location to keep family members together. （我们有充分的理由接受这份工作，比如需要在某个地方找到一份工作，让家人团聚）”和后文“If we’re currently in this situation, we need to shift our concept of settling. Instead of taking a role with a sense of desperation, we can think about the new skills we’ll develop or the connections we’ll make.（如果我们目前处于这种情况，我们需要改变我们安定的观念。与其带着绝望的心情扮演一个角色，我们可以考虑我们将要发展的新技能或我们将建立的关系）”可知，即使有一个很好的借口或理由安顿下来工作，我们也有感到不安的时刻，觉得自己好像放弃了什么，这时我们需要转变自己的观念，G选项“But we may also have a sense of unease that we are giving up the ability to dream.（但我们也可能会感到不安，因为我们正在放弃做梦的能力）”符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
上文“We must be aware of how individual roles, even the most boring, are still useful, relevant, and beneficial.（我们必须意识到，个人角色，即使是最无聊的角色，仍然是有用的、相关的和有益的）”与D选项“And when we make this mental move, we feel stronger.（当我们做出这种精神上的转变时，我们会感到更强大）”承接自然，选项中的“mental move”指的是前面的“be aware of how individual roles, even the most boring, are still useful, relevant, and beneficial”，故选D。
【20题详解】
空格后说“I expect there will be other jobs that at first glance will seem like I am settling.（我希望还有其他乍一看，我似乎已经安定下来的工作）”，由此可知，作者之前那份工作不是作者的最后一份工作，F选项“The freelance role that I settled on years ago won’t be my last.（我多年前确定的自由职业者角色不会是我的最后一个）”说明了自由职业的工作不是作者的最后一份工作，因此F选项引起下文，符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节、满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Anger isn’t a pleasant feeling. Some of us bottle up the emotion, while others ___21___ in a wild anger. Both habits have bad effects on our bodies, our minds, and our relationships.
Anger may feel uncomfortable, but it’s also normal and healthy. “A lot of people think they have to ___22___ their anger,” says Patrick Keelan, a registered psychologist. “But anger is an emotion built into us to signal that something needs to be ___23___.” When we take notice of that signal and actually ___24___ the problem instead of ignoring it, we’re usually much better for it. ___25___, many of us have been conditioned to keep our emotions hidden. Increasingly, research is suggesting that this can have ___26___ effects on our health. Investigators noticed that people who make greater efforts to ___27___ their emotions tend to have shorter life spans. They’re more likely to die earlier from cancer, ___28___. When we’re angry, stress hormones (激素) are released, which can ___29___ a wide range of diseases, including diabetes and depression, and abnormal immune conditions.
Is it better, then, to scream and cry whenever something makes you ___30___? That’s the fundamental behind the “rage rooms” that have appeared in many American cities, where folks are ___31___ to let off their anger by violently smashing stuff in a safe environment. “The ___32___ is that you get the anger out of your system through ___33___ actions,” says Keelan. “But the research indicates that when we display our anger sharply, it can actually increase the intensity of the anger and increase the ___34___ of aggressive actions in the future.” It doesn’t take much imagination to predict how they can ___35___ your relationships with your family members, or your coworkers.
21. A. worry B. explode C. quit D. escape
22. A. get rid of B. get away with C. get down to D. get used to
23. A. added B. removed C. bought D. addressed
24. A. improve B. polish C. correct D. prevent
25. A. Generally B. Incredibly C. Unfortunately D. Consequently
26. A. long-term B. positive C. magical D. little
27. A. control B. release C. arouse D. strengthen
28. A. on the contrary B. in short C. as usual D. for example
29. A. cure B. cause C. spread D. carry
30. A. sad B. upset C. mad D. guilty
31. A. invited B. forced C. forbidden D. commanded
32. A. truth B. problem C. challenge D. theory
33. A. temporary B. quick C. defensive D. aggressive
34. A. possibility B. demand C. understanding D. awareness
35. A. build B. develop C. affect D. improve
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。对于愤怒情绪，无论是压抑还是在狂怒中爆发，都会对我们的身体、思想和人际关系产生不良影响。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人压抑自己的情绪，而另一些人则在狂怒中爆发。A.worry担心；B.explode爆发；C.quit停止，戒掉；D.escape逃跑。根据while可知，此处和前文中的“bottle up the emotion”形成对比，所以是指在狂怒中爆发。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：很多人认为他们必须摆脱他们的愤怒。A.get rid of摆脱，除去；B.get away with侥幸成功，侥幸逃脱；C.get down to开始认真考虑；D.get used to习惯于。根据后文“instead of ignoring it”(而不是忽略它)可知，此处是指很多人认为他们必须摆脱他们的愤怒。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但愤怒是我们内在的一种情绪，它是一种有事情需要解决的信号。A.added添加；B.removed移开，拿开；C.bought购买；D.addressed处理，解决。根据后文中的“the problem”可知，此处是指有事情需要解决。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们注意到这个信号并真正纠正问题而不是忽略它时，我们通常会变得更好。A.improve改善；B.polish擦亮，磨光；C.correct纠正；D.prevent阻止。根据“instead of ignoring it”可知，此处是指纠正问题。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我们很多人都习惯于隐藏自己的情感。A.Generally笼统地，大概；B.Incredibly难以置信地；C.Unfortunately不幸地，遗憾地；D.Consequently因此，结果。根据前文“When we take notice of that signal and actually correct the problem instead of ignoring it, we’re usually much better for it”可知，很多人都习惯于隐藏自己的情感这件事是不幸的。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的研究表明，这会对我们的健康产生长期影响。A.long-term长期的；B.positive积极的；C.magical魔法的，魔术的；D.little年幼的。根据后文“They’re more likely to die earlier from cancer”(他们更有可能早死于癌症)可知，此处是指这会对我们的健康产生长期影响。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员注意到，努力控制情绪的人往往寿命较短。A.control控制；B.release缓解；C.arouse引起，激起；D.strengthen加强。根据前文“many of us have been conditioned to keep our emotions hidden”可知，此处是指努力控制情绪的人。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：例如，他们更有可能早死于癌症。A.on the contrary正相反；B.in short总之；C.as usual像往常一样；D.for example例如。根据前文“tend to have shorter life spans”可知，此处是对努力控制情绪的人往往寿命较短进行举例。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们生气的时候，会释放出应激激素，这会导致一系列疾病，包括糖尿病和抑郁症，以及异常的免疫状况。A.cure治愈（病人），治好（疾病）；B.cause造成，引起；C.spread展开，打开；D.carry携带。根据后文“a wide range of diseases”和前文“They’re more likely to die earlier from cancer”可知，此处是指应激激素会导致一系列疾病。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那么，当有什么事让你生气的时候，尖叫和哭泣是不是更好呢？A.sad悲伤的；B.upset失落的；C.mad生气的，气愤的；D.guilty内疚的，羞愧的。根据前文“to scream and cry”可知，此处是指当有什么事让你生气的时候。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是在美国许多城市出现的“愤怒屋”背后的基本原理，人们被邀请在一个安全的环境中通过暴力砸东西来发泄他们的愤怒。A.invited邀请；B.forced强迫；C.forbidden禁止；D.commanded命令，下令。根据“rage rooms”可知，此处是指人们被邀请在一个安全的环境中通过暴力砸东西来发泄他们的愤怒。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个理论认为，你可以通过攻击性的行为将愤怒从你的身体系统中释放出来。A.truth真相；B.problem问题；C.challenge挑战；D.theory理论。根据前文“the fundamental”可知，此处是指这个理论。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个理论认为，你可以通过攻击性的行为将愤怒从你的身体系统中释放出来。A.temporary临时的；B.quick快速的；C.defensive防御的，戒备的；D.aggressive攻击性的。根据前文“by violently smashing stuff”可知，此处是指攻击性的行为。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但研究表明，当我们强烈地表现出愤怒时，实际上会增加愤怒的强度，并增加未来采取攻击性行动的可能性。A.possibility可能性；B.demand要求；C.understanding了解，认识；D.awareness认识，意识。根据“in the future”可知，此处是指增加未来采取攻击性行动的可能性。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不难想象，它们会如何影响你与家人或同事的关系。A.build建造；B.develop开发；C.affect影响；D.improve改善。根据前文“it can actually increase the intensity of the anger and increase the possibility of aggressive actions in the future”可知，此处是指强烈的愤怒和攻击性行为会如何影响你与家人或同事的关系。故选C。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tomb-Sweeping Day is one of the eight most important traditional festivals in China. The actual day usually occurs around April 5 of the Gregorian calendar but the festival lasts ___36___ (long). Traditionally,10 days before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day can be counted as the festival. The festival is said to originate ___37___ the funerals of emperors, generals and ministers in ancient times. The rituals (仪式) ___38___ (perform) at these funerals later became popular among ordinary people. Over time the tradition of offering sacrifices to the ancestors and sweeping tombs has been passed down from generation to generation and evolved into ___39___ custom widely observed by the Chinese nation. Despite the festival ___40___ (have) no official status, the overseas Chinese communities take this festival seriously and observe its traditions faithfully.
Tomb-Sweeping Day is also known as the Qingming Festival, ___41___ spring is in the air, the earth looks clearer and brighter with increasing rainfall, and everything in the natural world waves goodbye to the unpleasant memory of winter. This ___42___ (consider) as a shift from yin to yang. During this beautiful season, flowers blossom in the ___43___ (warm) and everything is full of vitality. The tradition of spring outings ___44___ (date) back to the Tang Dynasty. Apart from enjoying glorious natural scenery, outings involve other ___45___ (activity) which serve to bring out the best of the festival.
【答案】36. longer
37. from 38. performed
39. a 40. having
41. when 42. is considered
43. warmth 44. dates
45. activities
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国传统节日之一——清明节。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：清明节是中国八个最重要的传统节日之一。实际的一天通常发生在公历的4月5日左右，但节日持续时间更长。由后文“Traditionally, 10 days before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day can be counted as the festival.”可知，传统清明节比现在更长，故空处应用所给词的比较级作状语。故填longer。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：据说这个节日起源于古代皇帝、将军和大臣的葬礼。originate from表“起源于”，为固定短语搭配，符合语境。故填from。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：在这些葬礼上举行的仪式后来在普通人中流行起来。分析可知，此句中谓语为became，所以perform在本句中应作非谓语，且The rituals和perform为逻辑被动关系应填过去，分词作定语，修饰前面主语。故填performed。
39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：随着时间的推移，祭祖扫墓的传统代代相传，并演变成中华民族广泛遵守的习俗。custom 为可数名词，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，custom的发音为辅音音素开头，此空应填不定冠词a。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：尽管这个节日没有官方身份，但海外华人社区非常重视这个节日，并忠实地遵守它的传统。根据句型分析和句意可知，Despite为介词，所以have应变成动名词结构形式，与the festival为动名词的主语构成动名词的复合结构，作despite的宾语。故填having。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：清明节也被称为清明节，那时春天在空气中，随着降雨量的增加，地球看起来更清晰、更明亮，自然界的一切都在挥手告别冬天的不愉快记忆。根据句型分析和句意可知，此句考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Qingming Festival, ，在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
【42题详解】
考查被动和时态。句意：这被认为是从阴向阳的转变。根据句型分析和句意可知，consider应充当本句的谓语，主语This 与consider为被动关系，结合语境，时态应用一般现在时。故填is considered。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：在这个美丽的季节，鲜花在温暖中绽放，一切都充满活力。根据句型分析和句意可知，冠词the后应加名词，warmth“温暖”抽象名词，不可数。故填warmth。
【44题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：春游的传统可以追溯到唐代。根据句型分析和句意可知，date在本句中充当谓语，与主语The tradition为主动关系，陈述客观事实用一般现在时。故填dates。
【45题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：除了欣赏壮丽的自然风光外，郊游还包括其他活动，这些活动有助于发挥节日的最佳效果。根据句型分析和句意可知，other表“其它的”时，后面应加复数。故填activities。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是橙子、你的英国网友Fudao参加中国围棋网络挑战赛（The Chinese Go Network Competition）获得了一等奖。请根据以下提示写一封英文电子邮件向他表示祝贺：
1. 祝贺他获奖；
2. 赞扬他的付出和努力；
3. 表达向他学习的意愿。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I heard that you won the first prize in The Chinese Go Network Competition, for which I sincerely congratulate you.
I believe this is not an accident, but the inevitable result of your persistence and efforts. Besides , I believe your achievements will not be achieved overnight. During this period, you must have made great efforts and persistence. Your persistence and efforts for 20 years have finally paid off. Congratulations again.
You are my example. Your actions tell me that where there is a will, there is a way.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国网友Fudao写封信，祝贺他获得中国围棋网络挑战赛的一等奖。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
真诚地：sincerely→genuinely
必然发生的：inevitable→unavoidable
此外：besides→moreover
榜样：example→model
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：During this period, you must have made great efforts and persistence. Your persistence and efforts for 20 years have finally paid off.
拓展句：During this period, you must have made great efforts and persistence, which have finally paid off.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I heard that you won the first prize in The Chinese Go Network Competition, for which I sincerely congratulate you.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]Your actions tell me that where there is a will, there is a way.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My 14-year-old son, John, and I spotted the coat at the same time. It was hanging on a rack (架子) at a secondhand clothing store in Northampton Mass.
While the other coats drooped (下垂), this one looked as if it were holding itself up. The thick, black wool of the double-breasted coat was soft and unworn, as though it had been preserved in good hands for many years. The coat had a black velvet (天鹅绒) collar, beautiful tailoring, a Fifth Avenue label and an unbelievable price of $28. We looked at each other, saying nothing, but John’s eyes gleamed. Dark, woolen topcoats were popular just then with teenage boys, but could cost several hundred dollars new. This coat was even better, bearing that touch of classic elegance.
John slid his arms down into the perfect lining of the sleeves and buttoned the coat. He turned from side to side, eyeing himself in the mirror with a serious, studied expression that soon changed into a smile. The fit was perfect.
John wore the coat to school the next day and came home wearing a big smile. “Did the kids like your coat?” I asked. “They loved it,” he said, carefully folding it over the back of a chair and smoothing it flat.
Over the next few weeks, a change came over John. Agreement replaced contrariness, quiet, reasoned discussion replaced argument. He became more sensible, more mannerly, more thoughtful, eager to please. “Good dinner, Mom,” he would say every evening.
He would generously lend his younger brother his toys and lecture him on importance of good behavior; without a word of objection, he would carry in wood for the stove. One day when I suggested that he might start on homework before dinner, John—a veteran procrastinator (拖延者)—said, “You’re right. I guess I will.”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was a bit confused and mentioned this incident to his teachers.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
John and I both know we should never mistake a person's clothes for the real person within them.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】①The teachers joked, “that dress must be so magical that it made him make so many changes, not even like himself.” I nodded. “It seems that John has become polite. Unlike himself, he is very considerate to his family and very polite to his classmates. Now he is a gentleman.” This dress seems to be really magical, which makes him change from an ordinary child. But deep down, I’m very happy about it. John has really grown up.
②But there is something to be said for wearing a standard of excellence for the world to see for practising standards of excellence in thought speech and behaviour and for matching what is on the inside to what is on the outside. I am sincerely pleased with this.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者给儿子在二手店买了一件大衣，儿子很喜欢，而且有了这件外套后儿子变得更理智、更有礼貌、更体贴、更渴望取悦他人，而且写家庭作业也不再拖了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我有点困惑，向他的老师们提到了这件事。”可知，第一段可描写老师和作者的对话。
②由第二段首句内容“约翰和我都知道我们不能把一个人的衣服和真实的人混为一谈。”可知，第二段可描写作者对外在的衣服和言行之间的关系的看法。
2.续写线索：老师回答——约翰的变化——感悟——高兴
3.词汇激活
行为类
①开玩笑：joke/kid
②长大成人：grow up/grow to manhood
③践行：practise/fulfill
情绪类
①高兴的：happy/delighted
②满意：pleased/satisfied
【点睛】[高分句型1]This dress seems to be really magical, which makes him change from an ordinary child.（由关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]But there is something to be said for wearing a standard of excellence for the world to see for practising standards of excellence in thought speech and behaviour and for matching what is on the inside to what is on the outside. （由what引导的宾语从句）
听力答案：1-5 CABCB 6-10 ABACB 11-15 CABCC 16-20 AACBA
巴蜀中学2022届高考适应性月考卷（七）
英 语
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。
3. 考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where will the man spend his holiday this year?
A. America. B. Brazil. C. Canada.
2. What does the woman mean?
A. The man is a big eater.
B. The man loves doing sports.
C. The man was a world champion.
3. Who is the patient?
A. The woman herself. B. The woman’s daughter. C. The woman’s mother.
4. What does the woman probably do for a living?
A. She’s a saleswoman. B. She’s an accountant. C. She’s a bank clerk.
5. Why wasn’t the man accepted?
A. He had low grades.
B. He only focused on studying.
C. He had many other activities.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。
6. Why was the man scared by the news?
A. He ate the same thing.
B. He was feeling sick as well.
C. Those people were his friends.
7. What time is it now?
A. 11:00 a.m. B. 3:00 p.m. C. 4:00 p.m.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。
8. Why doesn’t Adam want to take the test?
A. He wasn’t well-prepared.
B. He has to go to the bathroom.
C. He has to make it to the bus stop.
9. What will Adam do after class?
A. Take the test again. B. Go home immediately. C. Review with the teacher.
10. How does the woman seem to feel in the end?
A. Happy and excited. B. Mad and frustrated. C. Sad and confused.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。
11. What is the man interested in buying?
A. Just a new sofa. B. New bedroom furniture. C. A new living room set.
12. How did the woman first learn about Mancini’s?
A. She saw its ad in a newspaper.
B. She drove by it one day.
C. A friend told her about it.
13. What is true about Mancini’s?
A. It has low prices.
B. It has many different choices.
C. It is next to a supermarket.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16题。
14. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Some interesting phrases.
B. How to choose clothes.
C. Not judging other people.
15. What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. Buy some good clothes. B. Speak his mind openly. C. Have his hair cut.
16. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Friends. B. Brother and sister. C. Saleswoman and customer.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20题。
17. Where will people drive the mini cars?
A. On the racetrack. B. In a park. C. On the streets.
18 What will happen if drivers drive too aggressively?
A. They will be kicked out.
B. They will sit out for one race.
C. They will get a warning.
19. What are drivers expected to do if there is an accident?
A. Help the victims right away.
B. Use the safety features properly.
C. Fill out an insurance form.
20. What can we learn about Fast ‘n’ Furious Mini Cars?
A. A deposit is required.
B. Food is allowed in cars.
C Drivers can’t rest between races.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
How to Apply for Columbia University
Application Requirements
Application Options
Columbia accepts either the Coalition Application or the Common Application. These applications include:
·Autobiographical information
·Lists and descriptions of a student’s achievements, activities, employment and summer activities Secondary School Report
·An official high school transcript (成绩单) from all high schools attended
·One high school counselor’s recommendation and school profile
·The completed Mid-Year Report
Standardized Tests
We ask applicants to submit:
·SAT or ACT
·Applicants may self-report their scores
·English proficiency examination score (if necessary)
Teacher Recommendations
·These recommendations must come from teachers who taught you in academic disciplines.
·For engineering applicants, one must come from a math teacher.
Application Fee
An $85 nonrefundable application fee is required as part of an application to Columbia University. We are unable to refund the application fee under any circumstances. Submit payment online using an electronic check or Visa, MasterCard, Discover or American Express credit card. Payment is due at the time that you submit your application.
Dates & Deadlines
November 1
·Deadline for Early Decision applications
November 15
·Deadline for Early Decision financial aid applications
Mid-December
·Admissions and financial aid decisions released online to Early Decision candidates
January 1
·Deadline for Regular Decision applications
Early January
·Early Decision response deadline
February 15
·Deadline for Regular Decision financial aid applications
Early April
·Admissions and financial aid decisions released online to Regular Decision candidates
May 2
·Regular Decision response deadline
Late June
·Final transcript due for incoming students
Contact
For questions about undergraduate admission and the application process, please visit our online FAQs. If you still can’t find your answer, please contact us.
1. What must an application to Columbia University include?
A. The result of SAT or ACT.
B. An official college transcript.
C. Descriptions of the schools attended.
D. A recommendation from a math teacher.
2. What can we know about the application fee?
A. It can be paid either in cash or by check.
B. It will be refunded if an applicant is rejected.
C. It must be paid once the application is submitted.
D. It may vary with the major that an applicant applies for.
3. When will Regular Decision applicants know their admission results?
A. Mid-December. B. January 1.
C. Early April. D. Late June.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是如何申请哥伦比亚大学。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Standardized Tests部分的“SAT or ACT”可知，申请哥伦比亚大学必须包括SAT或ACT成绩。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Application Fee部分的“Payment is due at the time that you submit your application.（付款在您提交申请时就应支付。）”可知，申请提交后必须立即支付申请费。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Dates & Deadlines部分的Early April中的“ Admissions and financial aid decisions released online to Regular Decision candidates”（4月初，录取和经济援助决定在网上向Regular Decision申请人发布结果）”可知，Regular Decisio申请人在四月初可得知他们的录取结果，故选C。
B
The film Don’t Look Up, from director Adam McKay and writer David Sirota, tells the story of Kate Dibiasky (Jennifer Lawrence) and Dr Randall Mindy (Leonardo DiCaprio), two astronomers who discover a comet that will impact the Earth in just over six months. The certainty of impact is 99.7%, as certain as just about anything in science.
The two astronomers are given a 20-minute audience with the president, who is glad to hear that impact isn’t technically 100% certain. Weighing election strategy above the fate of the planet, she decides to “sit tight and assess”. Desperate, they then go on a national morning show, but the TV hosts make light of their warning.
By now, the approaching collision with comet Dibiasky is confirmed by scientists around the world. After political winds shift, the president initiates a mission to divert (使转向) the comet, but changes her mind at the last moment when urged to do so by a billionaire donor with his own plan to guide it to a safe landing, using unproven technology, in order to claim its precious metals.
We live in a society in which, despite extraordinarily clear climate danger, more than half of Republican members of Congress still say climate change is a trick and many more wish to block action. Given all this, dismissing Don’t Look Up as too obvious might say more about the critic than the film. It’s funny and terrifying because it conveys a certain cold truth that climate scientists and others who understand the full depth of the climate emergency are living every day.
I hope that this movie, comically describing how hard it is to break through general norms, actually helps break through those norms in real life. I also hope Hollywood is learning how to tell climate stories that highlight the many absurdities that arise from collectively knowing what’s coming while collectively failing to act, instead of stories that create comforting distance from the grave danger we are in via unrealistic technology fixes for unrealistic disaster scenarios (设想). More and better facts will not catalyze (催化) this sociocultural tipping point, but more and better stories might.
4. Why does the president cancel the mission to divert the comet?
A. The diverting technology is unproven.
B. The impact isn’t technically 100% certain.
C. The media make light of the impact warning.
D. The mission is opposed by her election sponsor.
5. What is Don’t Look Up mainly about?
A. How political ills affect Americans.
B. How politicians block scientists’ action.
C. How two astronomers try to solve a crisis.
D. How a crisis becomes increasingly serious.
6. Which words best describe Don’t Look Up, according to the author?
A. Romantic and critical. B. Ironic and enlightening.
C. Realistic and light-hearted. D. Entertaining and historical.
7. What message does the author want to convey through the text?
A. Sci-fi films should focus more on reality than fantasy.
B. More and better stories may help break ill social norms.
C. American politicians give priority to their own benefits.
D. The truth about the climate crisis is hidden from the public.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是电影《不要抬头》。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“After political winds shift, the president initiates a mission to divert the comet, but changes her mind at the last moment when urged to do so by a billionaire donor with his own plan to guide it to a safe landing, using unproven technology, in order to claim its precious metals.（政治风向转变后，总统启动了一项改变彗星方向的任务，但在最后一刻，她改变了主意，因为一位亿万富翁捐赠者敦促她这么做，他自己的计划是引导它安全着陆，使用未经验证的技术，以获得其贵金属）”可知，总统取消改变彗星方向的任务是因为这一任务遭到她的竞选赞助商的反对，故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“The film Don’t Look Up, from director Adam McKay and writer David Sirota, tells the story of Kate Dibiasky (Jennifer Lawrence) and Dr Randall Mindy (Leonardo DiCaprio), two astronomers who discover a comet that will impact the Earth in just over six months. The certainty of impact is 99.7%, as certain as just about anything in science.（由亚当·麦凯导演和大卫·西罗塔编剧的电影《不要抬头》讲述了两位天文学家凯特·迪比阿斯基(詹妮弗·劳伦斯饰)和兰德尔·明迪博士(莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥饰)发现了一颗将在六个多月后撞击地球的彗星的故事。撞击的确定性是99.7%，和科学上的任何事情一样确定。）”可知，这部电影主要是关于两位天文学家如何解决危机。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“It’s funny and terrifying because it conveys a certain cold truth that climate scientists and others who understand the full depth of the climate emergency are living every day.（它既有趣又可怕，因为它传达了一个冷酷的事实，气候科学家和其他完全了解气候紧急状况深度的人每天都在生活。）”和最后一段的“I hope that this movie, comically describing how hard it is to break through general norms, actually helps break through those norms in real life.（这部电影滑稽地描述了打破常规是多么困难，我希望这部电影能够帮助人们在现实生活中打破常规。）”可推断出，这部电影既讽刺又带有启发性，即Ironic and enlightening，故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I hope that this movie, comically describing how hard it is to break through general norms, actually helps break through those norms in real life.（这部电影滑稽地描述了打破常规是多么困难，我希望这部电影能够帮助人们在现实生活中打破常规。）”及“More and better facts will not catalyze (催化) this sociocultural tipping point, but more and better stories might.（更多更好的事实不会催化这个社会文化转折点，但更多更好的故事可能会。）”可知，作者想通过这篇文章传达的信息是更多更好的故事可能有助于打破不良的社会规范，故选B。
C
Sending rockets into space requires sacrificing expensive equipment, burning massive amounts of fuel, and risking potential catastrophe. So in the space race of the 21st century, some engineers are abandoning rockets for something much more exciting: elevators.
Imagine hopping on a fast-spinning carousel (旋转木马) while holding a rope attached to a rock. As long as the carousel keeps spinning, the rock and rope will remain horizontal, kept in the air by centrifugal force (离心力). If we replace the carousel with the Earth, the rope with a long cable, and the rock with a counterweight, we can imagine the modern space elevator—a cable pulled into space by the physics of our spinning planet. For this to work, the counterweight would need to be far enough away that the centrifugal force generated by the Earth’s spin is greater than the planet’s gravity. These forces balance out at roughly 36,000 kilometers above the surface, so the counterweight should be beyond this height. The resultant force on objects at this specific distance is evidently zero, leaving the objects in geostationary orbit, which means they revolve around the Earth at the same rate the planet spins, thus appearing motionless in the sky.
The counterweight itself could be anything. From here, the cable could be released down through the atmosphere and connected to a base station on the planet’s surface. To maximize centrifugal acceleration, this anchor point should be close to the Equator. And by making the loading station a mobile ocean base, the entire system could be moved at will, allowing it to perform around extreme weather, and avoid satellites in space. Once established, cargo could be loaded onto devices called climbers, which would pull packages along the cable and into orbit.
But the main problem lies in the cable itself. In addition to supporting a massive amount of weight, the cable’s material would have to be strong enough to stand the counterweight’s pull. And because this tension and the force of gravity would vary at different points, its strength and thickness would need to vary as well. But so far, we’ve only been able to manufacture very small nanotube (纳米碳管) chains.
8. Why does the author mention the carousel experience in Paragraph 2?
A. To illustrate a theory. B. To make a prediction.
C. To introduce the topic. D. To provide the background.
9. What makes objects revolve around the Earth at the same rate the planet spins?
A. The resultant force. B. The counterweight’s pull.
C. The centrifugal force. D. The planet’s gravity.
10. Which of the following statements about the space elevator is correct?
A. The loading position would be a fixed base.
B. The climbers would pull the cable into orbit.
C. The cargo could be sent into orbit from the sea.
D. The cable could connect the base station to the Equator.
11. How might scientists solve the cable problem?
A. By operating the elevator with more cables.
B. By making the cable flexible and strengthened.
C. By reducing the counterweight’s pull on the cable.
D. By building the elevator somewhere with no gravity.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是现代太空升降机——一根通过我们旋转的星球的物理机制拉入太空的缆绳。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“As long as the carousel keeps spinning, the rock and rope will remain horizontal, kept in the air by centrifugal force (离心力). If we replace the carousel with the Earth, the rope with a long cable, and the rock with a counterweight, we can imagine the modern space elevator—a cable pulled into space by the physics of our spinning planet.（只要旋转木马继续旋转，岩石和绳索就会保持水平，并通过离心力保持在空中。如果我们用地球代替旋转木马，用长缆绳代替绳索，用配重代替岩石，我们可以想象现代太空升降机——一根通过我们旋转的星球的物理机制拉入太空的缆绳。）”可知，作者在第2段中提到旋转木马的经历目的是来说明一个理论，故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The resultant force on objects at this specific distance is evidently zero, leaving the objects in geostationary orbit, which means they revolve around the Earth at the same rate the planet spins, thus appearing motionless in the sky.（在这个特定距离上物体的合力显然为零，使物体处于地球静止轨道，这意味着它们以与行星相同的旋转速度绕地球旋转，因此在天空中看起来是静止的。）”可知，让物体以与地球相同的速度围绕地球旋转的是合力，即The resultant force，故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“And by making the loading station a mobile ocean base, the entire system could be moved at will, allowing it to perform around extreme weather, and avoid satellites in space.（通过使装载站成为一个移动的海洋基地，整个系统可以随意移动，允许它在极端天气下运行，并避开太空中的卫星。）”可知，这些货物可以从海上送入轨道。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“In addition to supporting a massive amount of weight, the cable’s material would have to be strong enough to stand the counterweight’s pull. And because this tension and the force of gravity would vary at different points, its strength and thickness would need to vary as well.（除了支撑大量重量外，电缆的材料还必须足够坚固，以承受配重的拉力。因为这种张力和重力在不同的点会不同，所以它的强度和厚度也需要不同。）”可知，科学家通过使电缆灵活和加强来解决电缆问题，故选B。
D
About a million years ago a small mutation (突变) might have unlocked a big advantage for ancient humans. A recent study in Science Advances suggests that a variant of a critical stretch of DNA called the growth hormone receptor (激素受体) gene protected against starvation—in part by limiting individuals’ body size during periods of resource scarcity.
Previous research had linked the variant, called GHRd3, to characteristics such as smaller birth size and earlier sexual maturity, as well as other qualities that can benefit organisms when food is scarce, says the study’s lead author Omer Gokcumen from the University at Buffalo. Still, researchers wanted to know more precisely what role the mutation played in human evolution.
To dig deeper, Gokcumen and his colleagues turned to mice. Or rather they turned some mice into analogues (类似物) of early humans. Using the genetic editing tool CRISPR-Cas9, the team deleted a section of mice’s growth hormone receptor gene so it resembled the GHRd3 variant. The modified mice were not especially different from ordinary ones when fed a regular diet. But when fed very little, the male carriers grew up to be smaller than their unmodified counterparts. Gokcumen’s team also found that among a group of 176 modern human children who survived malnutrition, symptoms were less severe in boys and girls with GHRd3.
These findings could help explain why GHRd3 has persisted for so long. Perhaps it paid to be small in times of scarcity, the researchers suppose—but in times of abundance large size won out. Changes in available resources could then have balanced the costs and benefits of different variants within a population. “It’s a trade-off,” Gokcumen says. “I would probably fare better than Arnold Schwarzenegger if we each had 1,000 calories a day.”
The team’s explanation is “plausible”, says Megan Dennis, a geneticist at the University of California, who was not part of the study. She praises the functional experiments in mice but notes that the affected gene is involved in so many fundamental processes that it is difficult to pin down GHRd3’s most adaptive effects. “I was like, ‘Wow, there’s so much that could be happening here,’” Dennis says.
12. What can we learn about GHRd3?
A. It may decline as a result of resource limitations.
B. It performs its function when animals’ size is small.
C. It can be modified to limit animals’ size to fight starvation.
D. It is a shortened version of the growth hormone receptor gene.
13. Which of the following statements might Gokcumen’s team agree with?
A. When there is little food, it pays to be small.
B. When food is insufficient, GHRd3 won’t work.
C. When you go on a diet, GHRd3 can be harmful.
D. When humans fight for resources, their size matters.
14. What does the underlined word “plausible” mean in the last paragraph?
A. Statistically incredible. B. Relatively conventional.
C. Technically adequate. D. Seemingly reasonable.
15. Which of the following could be the best title of this text?
A. How Ancient Humans Survived Starvation
B. Gene Variant Saves Humans from Starvation
C. What Role GHRd3 Plays in Human Evolution
D. The Influence of Resource Shortage on GHRd3
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是最近发表在《科学进展》杂志上的一项研究表明，一种被称为生长激素受体基因的DNA关键片段的变体能够保护人体免受饥饿。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“A recent study in Science Advances suggests that a variant of a critical stretch of DNA called the growth hormone receptor (激素受体) gene protected against starvation—in part by limiting individuals’ body size during periods of resource scarcity.（最近发表在《科学进展》杂志上的一项研究表明，一种被称为生长激素受体基因的DNA关键片段的变体能够保护人体免受饥饿——在资源匮乏时期，这种基因的部分作用在于限制个体的体型。）”和第二段的“Previous research had linked the variant, called GHRd3（此前的研究已经将这种名为GHRd3的变异与之联系）”可知，GHRd3是生长激素受体基因的缩写版本。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Previous research had linked the variant, called GHRd3, to characteristics such as smaller birth size and earlier sexual maturity, as well as other qualities that can benefit organisms when food is scarce, says the study’s lead author Omer Gokcumen from the University at Buffalo.（该研究的主要作者、布法罗大学的Omer Gokcumen说，此前的研究将这种被称为GHRd3的变异与一些特征联系在一起，比如出生时体型更小、性成熟时间更早，以及其他在食物匮乏时有利于生物体的品质。）”可知，Gokcumen的团队可能会同意的观点是当食物很少的时候，规模小是有好处的，故选A。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“She praises the functional experiments in mice but notes that the affected gene is involved in so many fundamental processes that it is difficult to pin down GHRd3’s most adaptive effects.（她赞扬了在老鼠身上进行的功能实验，但指出受影响的基因参与了如此多的基本过程，因此很难确定GHRd3的最适应效应。）”可知，Megan Dennis认为这个团队的解释似乎是可信的，因此划线词plausible的意思是“看似合理的”，即Seemingly reasonable，故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“A recent study in Science Advances suggests that a variant of a critical stretch of DNA called the growth hormone receptor (激素受体) gene protected against starvation（最近发表在《科学进展》(Science Advances)杂志上的一项研究表明，一种被称为生长激素受体基因的关键DNA片段的变体能够保护人体免受饥饿）”可知，本文主要介绍的是一种使人免于饥饿的基因变体，因此最好的题目是B选项“Gene Variant Saves Humans from Starvation（基因变体使人类免于饥饿）”。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Accepting a job offer can be exciting. ___16___ If we feel like we are settling, then it can also bring about a sense of frustration, anxiety, or even sadness.
I have felt the sting (刺痛) of settling many times in my life. Years ago, I took a freelance (自由职业的) role that at first, second, and third glance led to feelings of depression. What was once an expanding universe of potential in my career suddenly contracted. ___17___ “This is not why I studied mathematics or worked so hard,” I complained. I felt stuck. But the job came with a bonus: business trips to a fascinating city. And once I realized that the job wasn’t entirely gloomy, I started to notice other pluses I hadn’t previously considered.
We will all take roles at various times in our careers that do not tick all our goal boxes. We have a good reason for accepting the job offer, such as the need for a job in a certain location to keep family members together. ___18___ If we’re currently in this situation, we need to shift our concept of settling. Instead of taking a role with a sense of desperation, we can think about the new skills we’ll develop or the connections we’ll make.
We alone get to decide how to perceive an opportunity. A job is not a destiny. It is simply a step toward a destination. We must be aware of how individual roles, even the most boring, are still useful, relevant, and beneficial. ___19___ Something is not happening to us; on the contrary, we are making something happen for us.
___20___ I expect there will be other jobs that at first glance will seem like I am settling. But I will serve myself even better if I see the situation for what it is: a temporary station on the way to a fascinating and fun career.
A. I need the money, so I settle.
B. Oh, how I hungered for more!
C. But what if the job doesn’t tick all our boxes?
D. And when we make this mental move, we feel stronger.
E. Yet we may feel that it presents too many new challenges.
F. The freelance role that I settled on years ago won’t be my last.
G. But we may also have a sense of unease that we are giving up the ability to dream.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. G 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是对工作的看法。
【16题详解】
空格后说“If we feel like we are settling, then it can also bring about a sense of frustration, anxiety, or even sadness.（如果我们觉得自己正在安定下来，那么它也会带来挫败感、焦虑甚至悲伤）”，C选项“But what if the job doesn’t tick all our boxes?（但如果这份工作没有满足我们所有的标准呢？）”的But表转折，前面的“exciting”和后面的“ doesn’t tick all our boxes”构成转折，因此C选项承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
【17题详解】
空格后说““This is not why I studied mathematics or worked so hard,” I complained. I felt stuck.（“这不是我学习数学或如此努力工作的原因，”我抱怨道。我觉得卡住了）”可知，工作没有让作者满足，他/她想要更多，B选项“Oh, how I hungered for more!（哦，我多么渴望得到更多！）”符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文“We have a good reason for accepting the job offer, such as the need for a job in a certain location to keep family members together. （我们有充分的理由接受这份工作，比如需要在某个地方找到一份工作，让家人团聚）”和后文“If we’re currently in this situation, we need to shift our concept of settling. Instead of taking a role with a sense of desperation, we can think about the new skills we’ll develop or the connections we’ll make.（如果我们目前处于这种情况，我们需要改变我们安定的观念。与其带着绝望的心情扮演一个角色，我们可以考虑我们将要发展的新技能或我们将建立的关系）”可知，即使有一个很好的借口或理由安顿下来工作，我们也有感到不安的时刻，觉得自己好像放弃了什么，这时我们需要转变自己的观念，G选项“But we may also have a sense of unease that we are giving up the ability to dream.（但我们也可能会感到不安，因为我们正在放弃做梦的能力）”符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
上文“We must be aware of how individual roles, even the most boring, are still useful, relevant, and beneficial.（我们必须意识到，个人角色，即使是最无聊的角色，仍然是有用的、相关的和有益的）”与D选项“And when we make this mental move, we feel stronger.（当我们做出这种精神上的转变时，我们会感到更强大）”承接自然，选项中的“mental move”指的是前面的“be aware of how individual roles, even the most boring, are still useful, relevant, and beneficial”，故选D。
【20题详解】
空格后说“I expect there will be other jobs that at first glance will seem like I am settling.（我希望还有其他乍一看，我似乎已经安定下来的工作）”，由此可知，作者之前那份工作不是作者的最后一份工作，F选项“The freelance role that I settled on years ago won’t be my last.（我多年前确定的自由职业者角色不会是我的最后一个）”说明了自由职业的工作不是作者的最后一份工作，因此F选项引起下文，符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节、满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Anger isn’t a pleasant feeling. Some of us bottle up the emotion, while others ___21___ in a wild anger. Both habits have bad effects on our bodies, our minds, and our relationships.
Anger may feel uncomfortable, but it’s also normal and healthy. “A lot of people think they have to ___22___ their anger,” says Patrick Keelan, a registered psychologist. “But anger is an emotion built into us to signal that something needs to be ___23___.” When we take notice of that signal and actually ___24___ the problem instead of ignoring it, we’re usually much better for it. ___25___, many of us have been conditioned to keep our emotions hidden. Increasingly, research is suggesting that this can have ___26___ effects on our health. Investigators noticed that people who make greater efforts to ___27___ their emotions tend to have shorter life spans. They’re more likely to die earlier from cancer, ___28___. When we’re angry, stress hormones (激素) are released, which can ___29___ a wide range of diseases, including diabetes and depression, and abnormal immune conditions.
Is it better, then, to scream and cry whenever something makes you ___30___? That’s the fundamental behind the “rage rooms” that have appeared in many American cities, where folks are ___31___ to let off their anger by violently smashing stuff in a safe environment. “The ___32___ is that you get the anger out of your system through ___33___ actions,” says Keelan. “But the research indicates that when we display our anger sharply, it can actually increase the intensity of the anger and increase the ___34___ of aggressive actions in the future.” It doesn’t take much imagination to predict how they can ___35___ your relationships with your family members, or your coworkers.
21. A. worry B. explode C. quit D. escape
22. A. get rid of B. get away with C. get down to D. get used to
23. A. added B. removed C. bought D. addressed
24. A. improve B. polish C. correct D. prevent
25. A. Generally B. Incredibly C. Unfortunately D. Consequently
26. A. long-term B. positive C. magical D. little
27. A. control B. release C. arouse D. strengthen
28. A. on the contrary B. in short C. as usual D. for example
29. A. cure B. cause C. spread D. carry
30. A. sad B. upset C. mad D. guilty
31. A. invited B. forced C. forbidden D. commanded
32. A. truth B. problem C. challenge D. theory
33. A. temporary B. quick C. defensive D. aggressive
34. A. possibility B. demand C. understanding D. awareness
35. A. build B. develop C. affect D. improve
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。对于愤怒情绪，无论是压抑还是在狂怒中爆发，都会对我们的身体、思想和人际关系产生不良影响。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人压抑自己的情绪，而另一些人则在狂怒中爆发。A.worry担心；B.explode爆发；C.quit停止，戒掉；D.escape逃跑。根据while可知，此处和前文中的“bottle up the emotion”形成对比，所以是指在狂怒中爆发。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：很多人认为他们必须摆脱他们的愤怒。A.get rid of摆脱，除去；B.get away with侥幸成功，侥幸逃脱；C.get down to开始认真考虑；D.get used to习惯于。根据后文“instead of ignoring it”(而不是忽略它)可知，此处是指很多人认为他们必须摆脱他们的愤怒。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但愤怒是我们内在的一种情绪，它是一种有事情需要解决的信号。A.added添加；B.removed移开，拿开；C.bought购买；D.addressed处理，解决。根据后文中的“the problem”可知，此处是指有事情需要解决。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们注意到这个信号并真正纠正问题而不是忽略它时，我们通常会变得更好。A.improve改善；B.polish擦亮，磨光；C.correct纠正；D.prevent阻止。根据“instead of ignoring it”可知，此处是指纠正问题。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我们很多人都习惯于隐藏自己的情感。A.Generally笼统地，大概；B.Incredibly难以置信地；C.Unfortunately不幸地，遗憾地；D.Consequently因此，结果。根据前文“When we take notice of that signal and actually correct the problem instead of ignoring it, we’re usually much better for it”可知，很多人都习惯于隐藏自己的情感这件事是不幸的。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的研究表明，这会对我们的健康产生长期影响。A.long-term长期的；B.positive积极的；C.magical魔法的，魔术的；D.little年幼的。根据后文“They’re more likely to die earlier from cancer”(他们更有可能早死于癌症)可知，此处是指这会对我们的健康产生长期影响。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员注意到，努力控制情绪的人往往寿命较短。A.control控制；B.release缓解；C.arouse引起，激起；D.strengthen加强。根据前文“many of us have been conditioned to keep our emotions hidden”可知，此处是指努力控制情绪的人。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：例如，他们更有可能早死于癌症。A.on the contrary正相反；B.in short总之；C.as usual像往常一样；D.for example例如。根据前文“tend to have shorter life spans”可知，此处是对努力控制情绪的人往往寿命较短进行举例。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们生气的时候，会释放出应激激素，这会导致一系列疾病，包括糖尿病和抑郁症，以及异常的免疫状况。A.cure治愈（病人），治好（疾病）；B.cause造成，引起；C.spread展开，打开；D.carry携带。根据后文“a wide range of diseases”和前文“They’re more likely to die earlier from cancer”可知，此处是指应激激素会导致一系列疾病。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那么，当有什么事让你生气的时候，尖叫和哭泣是不是更好呢？A.sad悲伤的；B.upset失落的；C.mad生气的，气愤的；D.guilty内疚的，羞愧的。根据前文“to scream and cry”可知，此处是指当有什么事让你生气的时候。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是在美国许多城市出现的“愤怒屋”背后的基本原理，人们被邀请在一个安全的环境中通过暴力砸东西来发泄他们的愤怒。A.invited邀请；B.forced强迫；C.forbidden禁止；D.commanded命令，下令。根据“rage rooms”可知，此处是指人们被邀请在一个安全的环境中通过暴力砸东西来发泄他们的愤怒。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个理论认为，你可以通过攻击性的行为将愤怒从你的身体系统中释放出来。A.truth真相；B.problem问题；C.challenge挑战；D.theory理论。根据前文“the fundamental”可知，此处是指这个理论。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个理论认为，你可以通过攻击性的行为将愤怒从你的身体系统中释放出来。A.temporary临时的；B.quick快速的；C.defensive防御的，戒备的；D.aggressive攻击性的。根据前文“by violently smashing stuff”可知，此处是指攻击性的行为。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但研究表明，当我们强烈地表现出愤怒时，实际上会增加愤怒的强度，并增加未来采取攻击性行动的可能性。A.possibility可能性；B.demand要求；C.understanding了解，认识；D.awareness认识，意识。根据“in the future”可知，此处是指增加未来采取攻击性行动的可能性。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不难想象，它们会如何影响你与家人或同事的关系。A.build建造；B.develop开发；C.affect影响；D.improve改善。根据前文“it can actually increase the intensity of the anger and increase the possibility of aggressive actions in the future”可知，此处是指强烈的愤怒和攻击性行为会如何影响你与家人或同事的关系。故选C。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tomb-Sweeping Day is one of the eight most important traditional festivals in China. The actual day usually occurs around April 5 of the Gregorian calendar but the festival lasts ___36___ (long). Traditionally,10 days before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day can be counted as the festival. The festival is said to originate ___37___ the funerals of emperors, generals and ministers in ancient times. The rituals (仪式) ___38___ (perform) at these funerals later became popular among ordinary people. Over time the tradition of offering sacrifices to the ancestors and sweeping tombs has been passed down from generation to generation and evolved into ___39___ custom widely observed by the Chinese nation. Despite the festival ___40___ (have) no official status, the overseas Chinese communities take this festival seriously and observe its traditions faithfully.
Tomb-Sweeping Day is also known as the Qingming Festival, ___41___ spring is in the air, the earth looks clearer and brighter with increasing rainfall, and everything in the natural world waves goodbye to the unpleasant memory of winter. This ___42___ (consider) as a shift from yin to yang. During this beautiful season, flowers blossom in the ___43___ (warm) and everything is full of vitality. The tradition of spring outings ___44___ (date) back to the Tang Dynasty. Apart from enjoying glorious natural scenery, outings involve other ___45___ (activity) which serve to bring out the best of the festival.
【答案】36. longer
37. from 38. performed
39. a 40. having
41. when 42. is considered
43. warmth 44. dates
45. activities
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国传统节日之一——清明节。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：清明节是中国八个最重要的传统节日之一。实际的一天通常发生在公历的4月5日左右，但节日持续时间更长。由后文“Traditionally, 10 days before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day can be counted as the festival.”可知，传统清明节比现在更长，故空处应用所给词的比较级作状语。故填longer。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：据说这个节日起源于古代皇帝、将军和大臣的葬礼。originate from表“起源于”，为固定短语搭配，符合语境。故填from。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：在这些葬礼上举行的仪式后来在普通人中流行起来。分析可知，此句中谓语为became，所以perform在本句中应作非谓语，且The rituals和perform为逻辑被动关系应填过去，分词作定语，修饰前面主语。故填performed。
39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：随着时间的推移，祭祖扫墓的传统代代相传，并演变成中华民族广泛遵守的习俗。custom 为可数名词，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，custom的发音为辅音音素开头，此空应填不定冠词a。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：尽管这个节日没有官方身份，但海外华人社区非常重视这个节日，并忠实地遵守它的传统。根据句型分析和句意可知，Despite为介词，所以have应变成动名词结构形式，与the festival为动名词的主语构成动名词的复合结构，作despite的宾语。故填having。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：清明节也被称为清明节，那时春天在空气中，随着降雨量的增加，地球看起来更清晰、更明亮，自然界的一切都在挥手告别冬天的不愉快记忆。根据句型分析和句意可知，此句考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Qingming Festival, ，在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
【42题详解】
考查被动和时态。句意：这被认为是从阴向阳的转变。根据句型分析和句意可知，consider应充当本句的谓语，主语This 与consider为被动关系，结合语境，时态应用一般现在时。故填is considered。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：在这个美丽的季节，鲜花在温暖中绽放，一切都充满活力。根据句型分析和句意可知，冠词the后应加名词，warmth“温暖”抽象名词，不可数。故填warmth。
【44题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：春游的传统可以追溯到唐代。根据句型分析和句意可知，date在本句中充当谓语，与主语The tradition为主动关系，陈述客观事实用一般现在时。故填dates。
【45题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：除了欣赏壮丽的自然风光外，郊游还包括其他活动，这些活动有助于发挥节日的最佳效果。根据句型分析和句意可知，other表“其它的”时，后面应加复数。故填activities。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是橙子、你的英国网友Fudao参加中国围棋网络挑战赛（The Chinese Go Network Competition）获得了一等奖。请根据以下提示写一封英文电子邮件向他表示祝贺：
1. 祝贺他获奖；
2. 赞扬他的付出和努力；
3. 表达向他学习的意愿。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I heard that you won the first prize in The Chinese Go Network Competition, for which I sincerely congratulate you.
I believe this is not an accident, but the inevitable result of your persistence and efforts. Besides , I believe your achievements will not be achieved overnight. During this period, you must have made great efforts and persistence. Your persistence and efforts for 20 years have finally paid off. Congratulations again.
You are my example. Your actions tell me that where there is a will, there is a way.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国网友Fudao写封信，祝贺他获得中国围棋网络挑战赛的一等奖。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
真诚地：sincerely→genuinely
必然发生的：inevitable→unavoidable
此外：besides→moreover
榜样：example→model
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：During this period, you must have made great efforts and persistence. Your persistence and efforts for 20 years have finally paid off.
拓展句：During this period, you must have made great efforts and persistence, which have finally paid off.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I heard that you won the first prize in The Chinese Go Network Competition, for which I sincerely congratulate you.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]Your actions tell me that where there is a will, there is a way.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My 14-year-old son, John, and I spotted the coat at the same time. It was hanging on a rack (架子) at a secondhand clothing store in Northampton Mass.
While the other coats drooped (下垂), this one looked as if it were holding itself up. The thick, black wool of the double-breasted coat was soft and unworn, as though it had been preserved in good hands for many years. The coat had a black velvet (天鹅绒) collar, beautiful tailoring, a Fifth Avenue label and an unbelievable price of $28. We looked at each other, saying nothing, but John’s eyes gleamed. Dark, woolen topcoats were popular just then with teenage boys, but could cost several hundred dollars new. This coat was even better, bearing that touch of classic elegance.
John slid his arms down into the perfect lining of the sleeves and buttoned the coat. He turned from side to side, eyeing himself in the mirror with a serious, studied expression that soon changed into a smile. The fit was perfect.
John wore the coat to school the next day and came home wearing a big smile. “Did the kids like your coat?” I asked. “They loved it,” he said, carefully folding it over the back of a chair and smoothing it flat.
Over the next few weeks, a change came over John. Agreement replaced contrariness, quiet, reasoned discussion replaced argument. He became more sensible, more mannerly, more thoughtful, eager to please. “Good dinner, Mom,” he would say every evening.
He would generously lend his younger brother his toys and lecture him on importance of good behavior; without a word of objection, he would carry in wood for the stove. One day when I suggested that he might start on homework before dinner, John—a veteran procrastinator (拖延者)—said, “You’re right. I guess I will.”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was a bit confused and mentioned this incident to his teachers.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
John and I both know we should never mistake a person's clothes for the real person within them.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】①The teachers joked, “that dress must be so magical that it made him make so many changes, not even like himself.” I nodded. “It seems that John has become polite. Unlike himself, he is very considerate to his family and very polite to his classmates. Now he is a gentleman.” This dress seems to be really magical, which makes him change from an ordinary child. But deep down, I’m very happy about it. John has really grown up.
②But there is something to be said for wearing a standard of excellence for the world to see for practising standards of excellence in thought speech and behaviour and for matching what is on the inside to what is on the outside. I am sincerely pleased with this.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者给儿子在二手店买了一件大衣，儿子很喜欢，而且有了这件外套后儿子变得更理智、更有礼貌、更体贴、更渴望取悦他人，而且写家庭作业也不再拖了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我有点困惑，向他的老师们提到了这件事。”可知，第一段可描写老师和作者的对话。
②由第二段首句内容“约翰和我都知道我们不能把一个人的衣服和真实的人混为一谈。”可知，第二段可描写作者对外在的衣服和言行之间的关系的看法。
2.续写线索：老师回答——约翰的变化——感悟——高兴
3.词汇激活
行为类
①开玩笑：joke/kid
②长大成人：grow up/grow to manhood
③践行：practise/fulfill
情绪类
①高兴的：happy/delighted
②满意：pleased/satisfied
【点睛】[高分句型1]This dress seems to be really magical, which makes him change from an ordinary child.（由关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]But there is something to be said for wearing a standard of excellence for the world to see for practising standards of excellence in thought speech and behaviour and for matching what is on the inside to what is on the outside. （由what引导的宾语从句）
听力答案：1-5 CABCB 6-10 ABACB 11-15 CABCC 16-20 AACBA
相关试卷
重庆市巴蜀中学校高三适应性月考卷（八）英语试题： 这是一份重庆市巴蜀中学校高三适应性月考卷（八）英语试题，文件包含精品解析重庆市巴蜀中学校高三适应性月考卷八英语试题解析版docx、精品解析重庆市巴蜀中学校高三适应性月考卷八英语试题原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共39页， 欢迎下载使用。
2023重庆市巴蜀中学高三下学期高考适应性月考卷（六）英语PDF版含解析： 这是一份2023重庆市巴蜀中学高三下学期高考适应性月考卷（六）英语PDF版含解析，文件包含巴蜀中学2023届高考适应性月考卷六英语试卷pdf、英语解析pdf等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共16页， 欢迎下载使用。
重庆市巴蜀中学2022届高三下学期3月高考适应性月考卷（八）英语试题含听力： 这是一份重庆市巴蜀中学2022届高三下学期3月高考适应性月考卷（八）英语试题含听力，文件包含巴蜀中学2022届高考适应性月考卷八英语-答案pdf、巴蜀中学2022届高考适应性月考卷八英语-试卷pdf、巴蜀中学2022届高考适应性月考卷八英语-答题卡1pdf、巴蜀中学2022届高考适应性月考卷八英语-答题卡2pdf、巴蜀中学2022届高考适应性月考卷八英语听力mp3等5份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共16页， 欢迎下载使用。
