2022年高考英语语法知识梳理--状语从句

2022高考英语语法解析--状语从句原因状语从句 一、引导原因状语从句的从属连词一、引导原因状语从句的从属连词1.because 表示最强的因果关系He distrusted me because I was new.他不信任我，因为我是新来的。We couldn’t go out because it was too cold.因为天气太冷，我们不能外出。2.as，since表示显而易见的或已为人们所知的原因As you are sorry，I’ll forgive you.既然你悔悟了，我就原谅你。As all the seats were full，he stood there.由于所有的座位都满了，他只好站在那里。Since the weather is so bad，we have to delay our journey.既然天气如此差，我们推迟一下行程吧。3.now that 主要用于口语，强调人们已知的原因Now that she has apologized，I am content.既然她已经道了歉，我也就满意了。Now that you are busy，let me do it for you.既然你忙，就让我帮你做吧。【提示】 since和now that引导的原因状语从句一般位于主句之前。4.seeing （that），considering （that）表示“既然”Seeing （that）he refused to help us，there’s no reason that we should now help him.他既然曾经拒绝帮助我们，我们现在没有理由要去帮助他。Considering （that）everybody is here，let’s begin our discussion.既然大家都到了，我们就开始讨论吧。5.in that常用于书面语中，表示“由于某种原因”In that he is ill，he feels unable to do it.因为有病，他觉得做不了那件事。原因状语从句 二、because与because of的区别二、because与because of的区别1.because连词，引导原因状语从句He can’t come because he is ill.他因病不能来。I got a job because I worked hard.因为工作努力，我得到了一份工作。2.because of介词短语，引导名词或代词作状语He can’t come because of his illness.他因病不能来。I got a job because of my hard work.因为工作努力，我得到了一份工作。【提示】 强调原因状语时，只能强调because和because of引导的状语。It was because I worked hard that I got the job.是我工作努力才得到了这份工作。It is because of his illness that he can’t come.是因为有病他才不能来。方式比较状语从句 一、方式状语从句一、方式状语从句1.as引导的方式状语从句He writes as his teacher does.他像他的老师那样写字。When in Rome，do as Romans do.入乡随俗。Why didn’t you catch the last bus as I told you to？你怎么不听我的话，赶乘末班公共汽车呢？2.as if引导的方式状语从句She loves the boy as if she were his mother.她爱这男孩，就好像她是他的妈妈一样。He bent the iron bar as if it had been made of rubber.他将铁棍折弯，仿佛那是用橡皮做成的。【提示】 as if从句可以用虚拟语气。He talks to me as if he is talking to a specialist.他对我说话，就好比是对一个专家说话那样。3.the way引导的方式状语从句They didn’t do it the way we do now.那时他们不像我们现在这样行事。You must do it the way I told you.你必须按我说的那样去做。I won’t talk to him the way my father did.我不会像我父亲那样跟他讲话。Nobody else loves you the way I do.没有人像我这样爱你。方式比较状语从句 二、比较状语从句二、比较状语从句1.than引导的比较状语从句She was now happier than she had ever been.现在她比过去任何时候都快活。I glanced at my watch.It was earlier than I thought.我看了看表，时间比我想像的早。2.as ...as引导的比较状语从句He doesn’t work as hard as she does.他工作不像她那样努力。Alice works as happily as she plays （happily）.艾丽丝愉快地工作，尽情地玩耍。【高考演练】1.【安徽】The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times________it finally came to include the sense “pleasant”.A.before B.after C.since D.while【答案】A 考查状语从句。根据finally 可知，从句谓语动词的动作后于主句的谓语动词的动作而发生，据此可排除B和C，while引导时间状语从句时，表示主句和从句谓语动词的动作同时发生。句意：“nice”一词的含义变化了数次，直到最后它才包括了“pleasant”的含义。故选A。2.【北京】________ the forest park is far away，a lot of tourists visit it every year.A.As B.When C.Even though D.In case【答案】C 考查状语从句。句意：即使（尽管）那个森林公园很远，每年还是有很多人去游览。even though 意为“即使，尽管”，引导让步状语从句；in case引导目的状语从句。故选C。3.【湖南】You will never gain success________you are fully devoted to your work.A.when B.because C.after D.unless【答案】D 考查状语从句。句意：如果你不是全身心地投入到工作中去，你永远不可能获得成功。此处unless相当于if not，表示含有否定意义的条件。故选D。4.【江苏】Lessons can be learned to face the future，________history cannot be changed.A.though B.as C.since D.unless【答案】A 考查状语从句。句意：尽管历史不可能被改变，但是我们可以吸取教训来迎接未来。根据语境可知此处用though引导让步状语从句，故选A。5.【江西】It was the middle of the night________my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.A.that B.as C.which D.when【答案】D 考查状语从句。句意：当我父亲叫醒我，让我看球赛的时候是半夜。when 在此引导时间状语从句。此题易误选A项，原因是把此句看成了强调句型，要注意分析句子成分。故选D。6.【陕西】The young couple，who returned my lost wallet，left________I could ask for their names.A.while B.before C.after D.since【答案】B 考查状语从句。句意：我还没来得及问他们的姓名，那对归还了我钱包的年轻夫妻就已经离开了。所填词引导时间状语从句，意思是“在……之前”，故选B。7.【四川】I’ll be out for some time.________anything important happens，call me up immediately.A.In case B.As if C.Even though D.Now that【答案】A 考查状语从句。句意：我要出去一会儿。万一发生了什么重要的事情，马上给我打电话。in case 万一，以防；as if 好像；even though 即使；now that 既然，由于。故选A。8.【天津】________ you start eating in a healthier way，weight control will become much easier.A.Unless B.Although C.Before D.Once【答案】D 考查状语从句。句意：一旦你开始用健康的方式吃饭，体重控制将会变得容易多了。unless 如果不，除非，引导条件状语从句；although 虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句；before 以前，引导时间状语从句；once 一旦，引导时间状语从句。故选D。9.【浙江】Cathy had quit her job when her son was born________she could stay home and raise her family.A.now that B.as if C.only if D.so that【答案】D 考查状语从句。句意：凯西在她儿子出生的时候就辞去了工作，这样她就能在家里照顾家人了。根据句意知，此处是so that引导的目的状语从句，同时由从句中的could也可以推断出应该选so that。now that 既然；as if 似乎；only if 只要。故选D。10.【重庆】Half an hour later，Lucy still couldn’t get a taxi________the bus had dropped her.A.until B.when C.although D.where【答案】D 考查地点状语从句。主句“Lucy couldn’t get a taxi ...”和从句“...the bus had dropped her.” 均需要地点状语。故选D。11.【重庆】— Coach，can I continue with the training？— Sorry，you can’t________you haven’t recovered from the knee injury.A.until B.before C.as D.unless【答案】C 考查状语从句。句意：“教练，我可以继续训练吗？”“很遗憾，你不能，因为你膝关节损伤还没有恢复。”until 直到……，before 在……之前，二者都可引导时间状语从句；as 因为，当……的时候，引导原因状语从句或时间状语从句；unless 除非，引导条件状语从句。根据题意，故选C。12.【全国Ⅰ】I don’t believe we’ve met before，________I must say you do look familiar.A.therefore B.although C.since D.unless【答案】B 考查连词和状语从句。句意：我认为我们以前没见过面，尽管我必须承认你看起来确实很面熟。therefore 因此；although 虽然，尽管；since 自从，既然；unless 除非。根据句意可知，前后之间是转折关系，故选B。13.【四川】If you happen to get lost in the wild，you’d better stay________you are and wait for help.A.why B.where C.who D.what【答案】B 考查状语从句。句意：如果你碰巧在荒野中迷路了，你最好待在原地等待救援。此处where引导地点状语从句。故选B。14.【南京】________ I always felt I would pass the exam，I never thought I would get an A.A.While B.Once C.If D.Until【答案】A 考查状语从句。句意：尽管我总是感到我能通过考试，但是我从没有想过我会得个“优”。while引导让步状语从句，表尽管，符合句意；once 一旦，曾经；if 如果；until 直到。故选A。15.【湖南】________ hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.A.However B.Whatever C.Whichever D.Whenever【答案】A 考查状语从句。句意：无论你多么努力地尝试，在不减少你的食量的情况下很难减肥。however 无论如何，不管怎样，符合句意。whatever 无论什么样；whichever 无论哪一个；whenever 无论何时。故选A。16.【山东】He smiled politely________Mary apologized for her drunken friends.A.as B.if C.unless D.though【答案】A 考查时间状语从句。句意：当玛丽为她醉酒的朋友们向他道歉时，他礼貌地微笑着。as“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句，符合句意；if“如果”，引导条件状语从句；unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句，相当于if ...not；though“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。故选A。17.【山东】A number of high buildings have arisen________there was nothing a year ago but ruins.A.when B.where C.before D.until【答案】B 考查状语从句。句意：许多高层建筑已经屹立在一年前的荒芜之地上了。when 当……的时候，是时间连词；where 在……的地方，是地点连词，引导地点状语从句；before 在……以前，是时间连词或地点连词；until 直到，是时间连词。故选B。18.【福建】It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties________ it gets more financial support from the European Union.A.if B.unless C.because D.since【答案】B 考查连状语从句。句意：除非能从欧盟得到更多的资金支持，否则希腊政府很难渡过目前的困境。unless=if ...not“除非，如果不”，它所引导的句子谓语动词用一般现在时表将来。故选B