译林版英语八年级上册句型转换专题讲练

这是一份译林版英语八年级上册句型转换专题讲练，共13页。试卷主要包含了含有be动词，只有行为动词的句子等内容，欢迎下载使用。
牛津译林八年级上册句型转换专题讲练 考点一：肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的转换做题技巧总结：把各种句式归为两大类：1、含有be动词、助动词和情态动词的句子；2、只有行为动词的句子。 总结：第1类句子，肯定句改为否定句时，一律在be动词、助动词和情态动词后加“not”。改为一般疑问句时，一律将be动词、助动词和情态动前移到句首（首字母大写）。肯定回答用“Yes”； 否定回答用“No”。“Yes”或“No”后面的主语必须用代词，“No”后面必须用否定缩略式。 第2类句子必须借助助动词do/does/did。改为否定句，在行为动词前加don't（一般现在时，主语是除第三人称单数之外的人称和数时）；doesn't（一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时）；didn't（一般过去时态）。 改为一般疑问句时，在句首加Do/Does/Did。肯定回答用“Yes”，后面动词用do/does/ did；否定回答用“No”，后面动词用don't/doesn't/didn't。  考点二：特殊疑问句的转换 做题技巧总结：把句子转换为特殊疑问句，首先要确定划线部分的“疑问词”，人、物、时间、地点、原因、数量等分别用： who, whom, whose, what, when, where, why, how, how many, how much, how often, how old, how long等。将相对应的疑问词放在句首，其余部分改为一般疑问句的形式，就是特殊疑问句。改完后要注意检查句首的首字母大写和句尾的标点符号。尤其注意：how many对可数名词的量提问；how much对不可数名词的量或者对重量提问；how often对频率提问，需要与how many times区分清楚；how many times是对划线部分只有次数的情况下提问；how long是对时间段进行提问；而how soon是对in+时间段提问，“多久”。这些考点是学生在做题过程中的易错点。1. People can get drinking water by taking away the salt from sea water. (对划线部分提问） __________ __________ people get drinking water? 2. They surfed the Internet to gather some information about the earthquake. (对划线部分提问)________ ________ they surf the Internet?  3. My father will go to Hong Kong to attend a meeting in three days.  (对划线部分提问)    ________ ________ will your father go to Hong Kong to attend a meeting? 4. Little Lucy has learnt to play the piano since she was five years old. (就划线部分提问)    ________ ________ has little Lucy learnt to play the piano?   5. Susan finished typing the letter the most quickly in her class. (对划线部分提问)    ________ ________ Susan finish typing the letter in her class? 6. Isabella’s grandmother used to go to church once a week. (对划线部分提问)________ _________ times a week did Isabelle’s grandmother use to go to church.  Keys:  How can    Why did     How soon   How long     How did  How many  考点三：选择疑问句和反意疑问句（简单涉及即可）的转换 做题技巧总结：改为选择疑问句时，只需注意根据句子的内容 用“or”连接两个并列的成分就可以了；反意疑问句的结构是“陈述句＋简短问句”， 必须记住：“前面肯定；后面否定”和 “前面否定；后面肯定”的规律和简短问句的主语必须用代词的要求。  考点四：祈使句和感叹句的转换 做题技巧总结：改为祈使句，必须记住：肯定的祈使句，是原形动 词开头，否定的祈使句是“Don't”开头，后跟原形动词。（主语是I或we时，句子开头用let me或let's）。改为感叹句，必须记住，强调的是名词，句首用What，What后的名词前可以有形容词；强调的是形容词或副词，句首用 How，后面必须紧跟形容词或副词。1. It was a very exciting week. (改为感叹句)________ ________ exciting week it was!    2. Paul has made great progress in chemistry this term. （改为感叹句）     _______ _______ progress Paul has made in chemistry this term!    3. It is convenient to send and receive messages on a mobile phone. (改为感叹句)                       it is to send and receive messages on a mobile phone!4. The river pollution is serious in our country today. (改为感叹句)     _________ _________ the river pollution is in our country today!5. Damin's wife smiles happily in the photo. (改为感叹句)    _________ _________ Damin's wife smiles in the photo!Keys: What an　　What great　　how　convenient　　how　serious 　　　　how happily　   考点五：主动语态变为被动语态（简单涉及即可） 做题技巧总结：准确判定句子成分，找出句中的主语和宾语谓语动词变为“be+动词的过去分词”形式，这里的be除了与原句在时态上保持一致外，还要与句子的人称和数保持一致。 考点六：同义句转换同义句转换考察形式比较多样，可采用以下方法：（一）替代法 1、同义词（短语）2、反义词（短语）3、短语替代从句 （二）合并法 1、并列连词 2、从属连词 3、直接引语变间接引语 （三）转换法 1、句型转换 2、语态转换 （四）综述法1：运用同义词或同义词组这类题目首先要注意比较上下两句，找出需要改动的地方，运用同义词或同义词组进行转换。还要注意把握两句的时态、数的单复和主谓一致等。e.g.  I got a letter from my brother last weekend.       = I heard from my brother last weekend.例1：Did you have any problems in working out the math problem? (同义句转换) Did you have ______________ in _____________ the math problem?答案：difficulty, solving 2：运用反义词或反义词组这类题目可以否定句中的动词或形容词，是两句意思相符。仍然要注意动词时态一致。e.g.  She failed the English exam last time.      = She didn’t pass the English exam last time.例1：All of the questions are easy.(同义句转换)____________ __________ the questions is _________________.答案：None, of ,difficult 3：动词短语转换成介词短语此类题目关键就是使用恰当的介词短语，还要注意动词时态一致。e.g. Yesterday Mr. King went to New York by air.    = Mr. King flew to New York yesterday.例1：Tom used a brush to clean his shoes.(同义句转换)Tom ________ his shoes ____________ a brush.答案：cleaned ,with 4：单句转换成复句，或者复句转换成单句此类题目需要熟悉一些重要的句型和短语。例如：too… to …; so …that…; not… until…等。还要注意了解相关转换类型，如：without短语与if/ unless条件状语从句的转换；enough to …与so …that …的转换；too…to…,not…enough to…, so…that …not…的相互转换等。e.g. She found him a very clever student.= She found that he was a pretty clever student.例1：The boy is too young to go to school.(同义句转换)The boy is __________ young ________ he __________ go to school.The boy isn’t _______ ____________ _________ go to school.答案：so, that, can’t; old ,enough ,to 5：同一单词的不同词性相互转换此类题目要求学生在记单词的时候要理解它们的词性，功在平时。e.g.  He promised to help us.     = He made a promise to help us.例1：What he said surprised us.We __________ ____________ _________ his words.答案：were, surprised, at 6：并列复合连词连接或改写原句此类题目特别要注意时态的一致，主语和谓语在数上的一致。还要对象一些短语比较熟悉，例如：either…or…, both…and…., neither… nor…; not only… but also…。还有一些句型，例如：So + 动词+主语；…, too.等。e.g. Maria has been to Shanghai, so has Kate.   = Both Maria and Kate have been to Shanghai.例1：She can’t answer the question, neither can I._____________ she ____________ I _________ answer the question._____________ __________ us _________ answer the question.答案：Neither, nor, can; Neither, of, can 7：主动语态与被动语态的转换此类题目要注意时态的一致，主语和谓语在数上的一致，短语的完整性。特别注意有些主动语态中生的省to 不定式改为被动语态后要还原不定式符号to.e.g. Father made his children work hard every day.= The children were made to work hard every day.例1：We must look after old people well.Old people ___________ _________ __________ ________ well.答案：must, be, looked, after 8：动作动词与状态动词的相互转换此类题目既要要求对一些动作动词（常是瞬间动词）相关的状态动词（常是非延续动词）很熟悉，还要注意时态的变化，通常是一般现在时变为现在完成时。特别注意瞬间动词不能与表示一段的时间状语联用；有些句子在变化时主语要作一定的调整。e.g. I borrowed this book from the school library three weeks ago.     = I have kept this library book for three weeks.例1：It’s about ten minutes since he left the room.He ________ the room ten minutes __________.He ________ __________ ___________ ___________ the room for about ten minutes.答案：left, ago, has, been, away, from 9：宾语从句与动词不定式之间的转换e.g. Please tell me how I can get to the nearest post office.    = Could you tell me how to get to the nearest post office?此类题目要求学生明白疑问词与动词不定时连用的含义，构成不定时结构如：how to…,when to…, what to…, where to…等。还要注意一些含动词不定式的短语，如：ask sb.(not) to do sth., tell sb. (not) to do sth.等。例1：Can you let me know when they will start?Could you please tell me __________ __________ ___________?答案：when, to, start 10：直接引语和间接引语间的转换e.g. “Listen carefully, Jack.” Said the Math teacher.    = The math teacher asked Jack to listen carefully.此类题目要注意陈述语序和疑问语序间的转换、时态的变化、人称代词的变化、物主代词的变化，以及一些时间、地点甚至指示代词的变化。例1：“ What are you doing here in the classroom?” he asked.He asked me ___________ _________ __________ _________ __________ in the classroom.答案：what, I, was, doing, there 11：含形容词的短语和含副词的短语间的转换e.g. The rain was heavy last night.    = It rained heavily last night.此类题目关键就是理解句子含义，灵活地运用相关的不同词性的词或短语。例1：The wind is very strong outside. It is ______________ _______________ outside.答案：blowing, strongly 12：陈述句与感叹句及两种形式感叹句间的转换e.g. The boy drew a very beautiful flower.     = How beautiful a flower the boy drew！     = What a beautiful flower the boy drew!此类题目要求学生能够完全掌握what和how引导的感叹句的构成，并能灵活运用。例1：She is quite a clever girl._________ ___________ the girl is! __________ _______ __________ girl she is!答案：How, clever; What, a, clever 13：形容词、副词三种等级之间的转换此类题目需要学生能够熟悉形容词、副词的构成规律，能够灵活运用一些有关形容词和副词比较等级的句型结构，如：（1）more and more…,（2） the +比较级+of the two …; （3）The +比较级…, the +(另一词)比较级…。特别要清楚表示最高级范围的结构，如：（1）in+组织/单位，（2）of +与主语同类别的人或物。表示排除主语的结构，如：（10）the other +名词复数；（2）any other +名词单数。表示相同性质比较的结构，as+形容词/副词（原级）+as; not as/so …as….。解题时注意交换句子主语，用反义词进行改写；或者用比较级表示最高级含义。e.g.   Henry is taller than the other students in our class.      = Henry is the tallest student in our class.例1：Joe is shorter than any other student in his class.Joe is __________ ____________ ____________ all the students in the class.______________ else is taller than Joe in the class._____________ else is _______ short _________ Joe in the class.答案：the, shortest, of; Everyone/Everybody；Nobody, as/so, as 14：“祈使句+and/or …”结构与if 条件状语从句间的转换此类题目要注意句子的肯定与否定，正确使用and 和or。e.g.  If you run a little faster, you’ll catch up with your classmates.     = Run faster, and you’ll catch up with your classmates.例1：Be more careful, and you can get better grades next time._______ you _________ more careful, you can get better grades next time.答案：If, are 15：形式主语/宾语it和不定式主语/宾语及从句、动名词间的转换e.g.  Talking to you is nice.     = It’s nice talking to you.例1：That he didn’t come worries us all. _______ worries all of us _________ he didn’t come答案：It, that  典型例题句型转换请根据要求改写下列句子，每空一词。1. The boy goes to the bookstore once a week. （对画线部分提问）                  Does the boy go to the bookstore？2. He spent 200 yuan on the nice suit last winter. （保持句意基本不变）  The nice suit               200 yuan last winter. 3. It is important for kids to imagine freely. （改为感叹句）                it is for kids to imagine freely！4. I don’t like going on a picnic. Peter doesn’t，either. （合并为一句）         Peter         I like going on a picnic. 5. Mr. Zhang asked us when we should go to dance classes. （改为简单句）Mr. Zhang asked us                 go to dance classes. 【答案】1.How often;2.cost him;3.How important;4.Neither; nor;5.when to 6．The lazy boy spread his things all over the floor．（改为一般疑问句）        the lazy boy         his things all over the floor？7．Everything will be all right in a few days．（对划线部分提问）                  will everything be all right？8．If you are not careful enough，you’ll probably make a mistake．（保持句意基本不变）         be careless，       you’ll probably make a mistake．9．Jerry was very excited．He could not express himself clearly．（合并为一句）  Jerry was        excited         he couldn’t express himself clearly．10．Mr．Jiang advised us which we should choose as our after-school activities．（改为简单句）Mr．Jiang advised us which                 as our after-school activities．【答案】6.Did；spread  7. How soon  8. Don’t；or  9. so；that  10. to choose 课后巩固句型转换请根据要求改写下列句子，每空一词。1．We held a welcome party for the exchange students yesterday．（改为否定句）We                 a welcome party for the exchange students yesterday．2．Lucy exercises every day to keep fit．（对划线部分提问）                  Lucy exercises every day？3．He can’t finish the task in time if nobody helps him．（保持句意基本不变）  He can’t finish the task in time              ．4．Mary is very busy．She does not have any time for social activities．（合并为一句）  Mary is        busy         have any time for social activities．5．The music by Tan Dun sounds quite exciting．（改为感叹句）                the music by Tan Dun sounds！【答案】1. didn’t hold  2. Why does  3. without help  4. too；to  5.How exciting  6. We should act to protect the animals in danger in the world. (保持句意基本不变)We should _______ ________to protect wild animals in danger in the world.7. The baby weighed about 3 kilograms when she was born. （对划线部分提问）_________ __________ the baby’s weight when she was born?8. It is ten minutes’ walk from his home to office.（对划线部分提问）_______ ________is it from his home to office?9.  “Don’t forget to take notes while watching the birds,” Mr Lee said to us. (保持句意不变)   Mr Lee advised us ________ ________ forget to take notes while watching the birds. 10. The volunteers helped repair over ten bicycles last week. (变为现在完成时) The volunteers________ helped repair over ten bicycles __________ last week.6.take action   7.What is    8.How far   9.not to   10.have since  11. It takes about two hours to fly to Beijing. 　　 (对划线部分提问)_____________ _____________ does it take to fly to Beijing?[来源:学科网]12. She first met her husband in 1980.  (对划线部分提问） 　_____________ _____________ she first meet her husband?13. Jim usually has lunch at school.    (改为一般疑问句) _____________ Jim usually _____________ lunch at school?14. Those students are going to do some exercise. （改为否定句） 　Those students _____________ going to do _____________ exercise.15. Kitty is shorter than Peter.    (保持句意基本不变)  Kitty is not so _____________ _____________ Peter.11.How long   12. When, did   13. Does, have   14. aren’t, any  15. tall, as 16. Sandy has to stay at home to look after her brother.　（一般疑问句）  　　        Sandy                   stay at home to look after her brother.17. It took me half an hour to do my homework.（同义句）   I _______ half an hour ________my homework.18. We shouldn't kill these birds. (变为否定祈使句) ________ ________ these birds. 19. “Be quick,boys and girls” the teacher said. (连成一句)　　The teacher________ boys and girls_______ _______quick.20. He went there to get his watch back. (划线提问) _____ _____he go there ?16. Does have to 17. took to do 18. Don’t kill 19. told/asked  to be 20. Why did