2021-2022学年黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高二下学期开学考试英语含答案练习题

2021-2022学年黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高二下学期开学考试 英语

试题说明：1、本试题满分150分，答题时间120分钟。         

2、请将答案填写在答题卡上，考试结束后只交答题卡。

第一部分  听力（共两节，满分20分）

    做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节 （共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题， 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。

1.Where are the speakers?

A. In a hotel. B. In a dorm. C. On a train.

2.What has the woman been doing during her holiday?

A. Traveling. B. Exercising. C. Working.

3.What does the woman want to do?

A. Reschedule the meeting.

B. Cancel the meeting. 

C. Skip the meeting.

4. How is the woman going to school?

A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike.

5. What does the woman mean?

A. She won't see the opera.

B. She failed to get the tickets.

C. She enjoyed an opera last Saturday.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6 段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. How long has the woman worked for the company?

A. About one year. B. About half a year. C. About three months.

7. What does the woman think is the most rewarding thing?

A. Having her own time.

B. Learning about another culture.

C. Finding ways to solve difficult problems.

听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。

8. What seems to be the woman's problem?

A. Her car broke down. B. She didn't feel well. C. Her wallet was missing.

9. Where is the woman going now?

A. Her home. B. The garage. C. The hospital.

10. How much money does the woman want to borrow?

A. $10. B. $15. C. $25.

听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。

11. Why doesn't the woman like to study in the library?

A. It's too quiet. B. It's rather crowded.  C. It's a bit noisy.

12. Why does the woman come here?

A. To read magazines. B. To meet with the man. C. To get books about French.

13. What will the speakers do next?

A. Get help from the librarian.

B. Write a monthly report.

C. Hand in a paper.

听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。

14. What day is it today?

A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Saturday.

15. What does the man think of history museums?

A. Boring. B. Interesting. C. Relaxing.

16. Where will the speakers go?

A. The art museum.  B. The science museum.  C. The children's museum.

17. How will the speakers go to the museum?

A. On foot.  B. By bus.  C. By car.

听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。

18. What clothes are only six dollars?

A. Sweaters. B. T-shirts.  C. Winter coats.

19. How many pairs of socks can one get with $2?

A. Two.  B. Six.  C. Eight.

20. What can we learn about the sale?

A. It will give out 20 gifts.

B. It will last until Sunday.

C. It began a month ago.

第二部分  阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Doing a bit of research before you sort your trash can make all the difference. Recycling rules differ from one city to another. Here are a few ways to help you do it better. 

■Don't put your recyclables in a plastic bag.

It's not that we don't have the technology to recycle plastic bags, but it is risky to recycle them because the bags are so lightweight and flexible that they end up getting caught in the recycling equipment!

Your best option is to bring your plastic bags to a drop-off recycling center where it has the right equipment to recycle them. 

■You can recycle plastic caps together with bottles.

In the past, we were told to separate the cap from the bottle when recycling. Bottles are made from #1 plastic while their caps #5 plastic. They are at different melting temperatures and need to be processed separately. But now, advanced machines have made it easier to separate bottles and caps. 

At present, what you need to do is leave the plastic bottle cap on the bottle and ensure the bottle is free of all liquids before throwing it into the bin. 

■You can't recycle a pizza box.

Although cardboard itself is recyclable, pizza boxes are not. Why? It all comes down to the oil. When you place oily cardboard into a recycling bin, you run the risk of polluting clean, recyclable things. And an entire pack of polluted recyclables can cost more. 

But if only a small part of your box is oily, pull that piece off the box and throw just that piece away while the rest of the box can then be recycled.

21. Why can't we place recyclables in a plastic bag when sorting trash?

A. It will cause more pollution.

B. The equipment may fail to work.

C. Plastic bags are not tough enough.

D. No technology is available to recycle plastic bags.

22. What do we have to do to deal with the bottles with caps before recycling?

A. Collect them into a specific bin.

B. Put them into different machines.

C. Separate the caps from the bottles.

D. Empty the bottles and re-cap them.

23. What makes a pizza box non-recyclable?

A. The oil on it.

B. Lack of proper facilities.

C. Its harmful materials.

D. Different melting temperatures.

B

I know what you're thinking: pizza? For breakfast? But the truth is that you can have last night's leftovers in the a.m. if you want to. 

I know lots of women who skip breakfast, and they have a ton of different excuses for doing it. Some say they don't have time, others think they're “saving” calories, still others just don't like breakfast food. 

But the bottom line is that eating in the morning is very important when you're trying to lose weight. “Eating just about anything from 300 to 400 calories would be better than nothing at all,” says Katherine Brooking, R. D., who developed the super­easy eating plan for this year's “SELF CHALLENGE”. And even pizza can be healthy if it's loaded with vegetables, and you stick to one small piece. 

Breakfast is one meal I never miss, and the same goes for most weight loss success stories. Research shows that eating breakfast keeps you from overeating later in the day. Researchers at the University of Southern California found that breakfast skippers have a bigger chance of gaining weight than those who regularly have a morning meal. 

So eat something in the morning, anything. I know plenty of friends who end up having no breakfast altogether, and have just coffee or orange juice. I say, try heating up last night's leftovers—it may sound crazy, but if it works for you, do it! I find if I tell myself, “You can always eat it tomorrow,” I put away the leftovers instead of eating more that night. Try it…you may save yourself some pre­bedtime calories. And watch your body gain the fat­burning effects.

24. The word “leftovers” in Paragraph 1 probably means______.

A. food remaining after a meal B. things left undone

C. meals made of vegetables D. pizza topped with fruit

25. What can we infer from the text?

A. Working women usually have breakfast in a hurry.

B. Many people have wrong ideas about breakfast.

C. There are some easy ways of cooking a meal.

D. Eating vegetables helps save energy.

26. According to the last paragraph, it is important to______.

A. eat something for breakfast B. be careful about what you eat

C. heat up food before eating it D. eat calorie­controlled food

27. The text is written mainly for those______.

A. who go to work early B. who want to lose weight

C. who stay up late D. who eat before sleep

C

A potato farmer, Cliff Young took part in a Sydney to Melbourne ultramarathon (超级马拉松) race in1983. Coached by his mother who was 81 at the time, Cliff Young started the marathon with work shoes and work clothes. 

Competing against world-class marathon runners who were backed up by big sports companies and spent hundreds of hours preparing for the race, Cliff Young's training method was just running after his sheep. He told the organizers he could run after his sheep for a few days and that he could surely compete with other runners. 

The ultramarathon generally took 5 days to compete and this potato farmer's decision seemed suicidal. In fact, some tried to stop him from running the super-difficult race because they thought Cliff Young could die because of the heat and fatigue(疲劳). After all, he was 61 years old!

To cut the story short, Cliff Young managed to finish the race. While the young racers slept, he continued to race throughout the night. The young athletes left him far behind until the very last night where he finally led the marathon. Not only did Cliff Young, a 61-year-old potato farmer, survive the race, but he even managed to win the marathon and actually broke the race record by 9 hours! He even gave away his prize money to the rest of the runners after him. 

After the win, he continued to run in many ultramarathon races and even set standards in the world of endurance racing. His running style, named "The Young Shuffle" is a famous running technique used by many runners in the world today. 

Cliff Young showed that being old is not a problem, and being a champion doesn't mean you need to have super-human strength, just super-human will!

28. What can we say about Cliff Young's training?

A. It was very informal. B. It was well scheduled.

C. It was difficult for him. D. It was suitable for everyone.

29. What might the underlined word "suicidal" in Paragraph 3 mean?

A. Quite simple. B. Highly risky.

C. Really surprising. D. Extremely reasonable.

30. Which of the following best describes Cliff Young?

A. Self-confident and far-sighted.

B. Animal-loving and easy-going.

C. Strong-minded and big-hearted.

D. Open-minded and hard-working.

31. What is the text mainly about?

A. A marathon race held 37 years ago.

B. A true story of an amazing sportsman.

C. The development of "The Young Shuffle".

D. An old champion' s advice to young runners

D

In many places, a moonless night sky is no longer totally black. Artificial lighting can give the night a lasting light. This so-called light pollution can affect animals. Even moderate light pollution, a new study finds, can roughly double how long a house sparrow infected with West Nile Virus (WNV) remains at high risk of spreading disease. If bitten by a mosquito, that virus can now spread to other animals, including people.

“In the United States, house sparrows are about as widespread as artificial lighting. So they made a useful test species in a new first-of-its-kind study,” says Meredith Kernbach. Her team used these birds to test whether light at night might affect the spread of the West Nile Virus.

Kernbach based much of her lab test on real-world conditions. In the study, some house sparrows in the lab spent the night in an area that was dimly (昏暗地) lit. These birds were slower in fighting off West Nile Virus infections than those that spent the night in full darkness.

WNV needs a mosquito to spread from bird to bird, or from bird to human. If a mosquito doesn’t pick up enough viruses from the blood of an infected animal, its new victim might be able to avoid getting sick. House sparrows kept under a dim night light typically had enough viruses in their blood to be a source of virus for at least four days, Kernbach reports. House sparrows in full darkness had enough viruses to spread the disease only for two days.

What light does to the birds is only part of the story, points out Davide Dominon, a physiologist at the Nether-lands Institute of Ecology in Wageningen. “Researchers will need to look for effects on the virus itself,” he says. “And, of course, on the mosquitoes.”

32. Why are house sparrows chosen as the test species?

A. They are sensitive to light. B. Their distribution is wide.

C. Mosquitoes like biting them. D. Their immune system is weak.

33. What can be inferred from the study?

A. West Nile Virus becomes stronger under light.

B. Darkness can help people avoid getting sick.

C. It’s better for house sparrows to live in the dark.

D. It takes house sparrows longer to kill this virus under light.

34. What does Davide Dominon say about the study?

A. It needs further study.

B. It’s very useful.

C. New victims are ignored.

D. Other birds should be studied.

35. What’s the text mainly about?

A. Artificial lighting can affect house sparrowsˈ reproduction.

B. Mosquitoes can spread WNV from animals to humans.

C. Light pollution lengthens the time of birdsˈ spreading WNV.

D. The light pollution may help WNV develop slower. 

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Who Writes the President's Speeches?

The president of the United States must be an orator. The president gives an annual address on the State of the Union and speaks at the inauguration and other special events.   (36)   In his Gettysburg Address, Abraham Lincoln spoke fewer than 300 words, but those words have become memorable. Franklin D. Roosevelt set the standard for later presidents in his 30 "fireside chats", which aired on the radio and dealt with the Great Depression and World War Ⅱ. 

Beginning with George Washington, American presidents often sought assistance with the content and wording of their speeches, although they may have done the writing themselves.

  (37)   The first President to assign the task of speech-writing to an assistant, however, was Calvin Coolidge(1923-1929), the laconic president whose nickname was “Silent Cal”. The assistant's name was Judson Welliver. (Today, there is a bipartisan organization for former presidential speech - writers, the Judson Welliver Society. ) Since the middle of the twentieth century, the role of such speech-writers has expanded; the Executive branch now includes an Office of Speech-writing as part of its Department of Communications, Speech-writing and Media Affairs.

  (38)   In his inaugural speech, John F. Kennedy urged Americans “Ask not what your country can do for you -- ask what you can do for your country”. George H. W. Bush, in his inaugural speech, imagined community volunteers and organizations as “a thousand points of light”.   (39)__

The process of drafting a presidential speech is long and complicated, and different presidents make different contributions. Some write large parts of the text and invite criticism from assistants and advisers; others ask speech-writers to draft a speech in its entirety, and then they edit it to their own satisfaction. __(40)  The final product, whatever the process, must “sound” like the person who speaks the words. As one speech writer recently said, “Our concern was not to writer a good speech, but to write a good speech that is also his speech.”

A. Presidential speeches are a part of American history. 

B. Excellent writing skills are as available in business as they are in government. 

C. As time went on, the particular expertise of professional writers became more and more important. 

D. When people hear a president speak, they rarely think about others helping to shape the presentation. 

E. It is the writer, moreover, who often drafts the memorable words by which the public identifies a modern president. 

F. In any case, speech-writing is a back-and-forth process involving specialists in the subject area addressed, the president's personal advisers, and (of course) the president. 

G. Both of these phrases originate with the gifted men and women who worked as the president's speech-writers.     

第三部分  语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Many people seem to agree that great things happen the minute we step outside of our comfort zone. For me, one of the most important things we should always remember is that growth and   (41)   can't coexist.

Personal development expert Napoleon Hill once said, "Whatever the mind can believe, it can achieve   (42)   how many times you may have   (43)   in the past or how great your aims and hopes may be." This statement is   (44)   because it reminds us that we're the only ones who can be   (45)   for how far we'll go. To reach any   (46)  , we're usually required to   (47)   the way we do things.

However, stepping outside of our comfort zone is probably the most important step toward   (48)   real changes. But persistence (坚持) and continuing to move forward are   (49)   important, as it's extremely easy to slide back into old   (50)   without realizing it.

For long, I wanted to live in Argentina, so halfway through my bachelor's degree, I bought a one-way ticket there. While I was there, I was able to   (51)   the last two years of my degree online before flying home for graduation. I still live in Argentina now, and I can proudly say that taking the   (52)   steps to make it a   (53)   was one of the most important things I ever did. Certainly, I'm not suggesting we should all buy one-way tickets to foreign countries and just see what   (54)  . But it's important for us to   (55)   what we want and try to bring our   (56)   to life.

Living in a comfort zone can trick us into   (57)   we have enough time, when years can fly by without us having accomplished what we really wanted to. We won't   (58)   have tomorrow to do what we could have done today. So, accept the discomfort and allow it to   (59)   you to try new things. You never know what you could be missing out on by remaining   (60)  .

41.  A. belief B. safety C. comfort D. pain
42.  A. regardless of B. in terms of C. as a result of D. in consideration of
43.  A. struggled B. succeeded C. missed D. failed
44.  A. consistent B. powerful C. plain D. challenging
45.  A. interested B. intended C. suitable D. responsible
46.  A. level B. state C. goal D. destination
47.  A. change B. know C. discover D. follow
48.  A. comparing B. experiencing C. accepting D. confirming
49.  A. equally B. normally C. slightly D. potentially
50.  A. times B. memories C. habits D. concepts
51.  A. plan B. value C. complete D. require
52.  A. direct B. effective C. quick D. necessary
53.  A. motivation B. reality C. wonder D. possibility
54.  A. happens B. exists C. helps D. matters
55.  A. create B. recognize C. appreciate D. gain
56.  A. thoughts B. chances C. efforts D. dreams
57.  A. expecting B. admitting C. believing D. understanding
58.  A. eventually B. always C. even D. certainly
59.  A. encourage B. teach C. guide D. remind
60.  A. modest B. self-confident C. independent D. self-content

第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The University of Birmingham, UK, announces that it will accept the Gaokao exam for high-flying Chinese students (61)          (wish) to join its undergraduate courses in 2020. High school students (62)        complete the National Higher Education Entrance Examination, or Gaokao, (63)       top grades can apply for direct entry into Birmingham degree programs without first completing a foundation year.

Gaokao, usually (64)         (hold) across China in early June, is (65)         (increasing) accepted by universities in Australia, the USA, Canada and mainland Europe. Birmingham will only be considering high quality students who achieve a minimum 80% Gaokao score and meet additional academic and English language (66)          (require).

Professor Jon Frampton, Director of the University of Birmingham's China Institute said, "I am (67) __________(delight) that the University is now accepting the Gaokao. This gives the (68)       (bright) and best Chinese students (69)       opportunity to move straight into the first year of our undergraduate programs and experience the benefits of studying at a (70)        (globe) Top 100 university.

第四部分  写作（共三节，满分45分）

第一节  单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

根据首字母或汉语提示用单词的适当形式填空。

71. They’re going to turn the city square into a(n) _____________(娱乐) park.
72. She leaned over and ___________ (小声说) something in his ear.
73. Tom was e__________ chairman, for he is hard-working and responsible.
74. Mike was caught c____________ in the final exam and got severely punished.
75. Some basketball fans b__________ out crying the instant they heard the star retired from NBA.
76. The island of Great Britain is c____________ of England, Scotland and Wales.
77. The ability to translate ___________ (抽象的) ideas into words is very important.
78. The stronger the ___________(动力), the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language.
79. Some social app companies were to _____________(责备) because they didn't adequately check their users' registration.
80. Yesterday we s__________(怀疑) that he was involved in the murder.

第二节  短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（╲）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1.  每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.  只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

The fastest train in the world, the Transrapid Maglev, run between Shanghai’s Pudong Airport or Longyang Station in downtown Shanghai. Travelling at a speed of over 400 kilometre per hour, the train can complete the 30-kilometre journey for eight minutes. Maglev means “magnetically levitated”. The Transrapid Maglev is a high-speed train use magnetic levitation technology. Magnetically levitated trains travel in a vacuum between two magnets. There are no rails and no noise. They travel very fastly and more importantly, it use less energy. On November 12, 2003, the Maglev has reached a speed of 501 kilometres per hour on the track between Longyang Station and Pudong, new world record speed for a train at that time. But the experiment carry out on 1st September last year broke the record.

第三节  书面表达（满分25分）

5月16日是我国第三十一个全国助残日。某英语报社以“关爱残疾人从我做起”为主题,面向中学生进行征文。请你用英语写一篇题为“Caring for disabled people is our duty”的文章向其投稿。内容包括:

1. 助残的必要性;

2. 自己所做的事;

3. 感悟与期望。

注意:1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________

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英语试题答案

第一部分  听力（共两节，满分20分）

1~5 CBACA    6~10 ABACB    11~15 ACABB     16~20 ACACB

第二部分  阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

21-23 BDA       24-27 ABAB　　　　28-31 ABCB     32-35 BDAC

36-40 ACEGF

第三部分  语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

完型填空：

41-45 CADBD   46-50 CABAC    51-55 CDBAB    56-60 DCBAD

语法填空：

61. wishing       62. who       63. with       64. held      65. increasingly

66. requirements    67. delighted  68. brightest    69. an         70. global

第四部分  写作（共三节，满分45分）

第一节  单词拼写

71. amusement    72. whispered     73. elected     74. cheating    75. burst

76. composed    77. abstract    78. motivation     79. blame     80. suspected

第二节  短文改错

第三节  书面表达

Caring for disabled people is our duty

People with disabilities are around us. They actually need more care and help due to their disabilities. However, there is still prejudice against them nowadays. So it is necessary to care for them.

In my daily life, I always respect them and never make fun of them no matter what happens. Besides, whenever I find people with disabilities in need of help, I never hesitate to give them a hand.

Helping disabled people has made not only them but also me happier. I hope everyone in our society will get rid of discrimination and take action immediately to care for disabled people. Only in this way can we create a harmonious world.