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2021届高考英语复习之高考真题阅读词块精析（三十八）学案
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这是一份2021届高考英语复习之高考真题阅读词块精析（三十八）学案，共9页。
Fr peple, wh are interested in sund, the field f sund technlgy is definitely making nise. In the past, sund engineers wrked in the back rms f recrding studis, but many f tday’s sund prfessinals are sharing their knwledge and experience with prfessinals in ther fields t create new prducts based n the phenmenn we call sund.
Sund can be used as a weapn. Imagine that a plice fficer is chasing a thief. The thief tries t escape. And the fficer can’t let him get away. He pulls ut a special device, pints it at the suspect, and switches it n. The thief drps t the grund. This new weapn is called a Lng Range Acustic Device（LRAD, 远程定向声波发射器）. It prduces a deafening sund s painful that it temprarily disables a persn. The nise frm the LRAD is directed like a ray f light and travels nly int the ears f that persn, but it is nt deadly.
Fr thse wh hunger fr sme peace and quiet, sund can nw create silence. Let’s say yu are at the airprt, and the little by n the seat next t yu is humming（哼唱）a shrt cmmercial sng. He hums it ver and ver again, and yu are abut t g crazy. Thanks t the Silence Machine, a British inventin, yu can get rid f the sund withut upsetting the by r his parents. One may wnder hw the Silence Machine wrks. Well, it functins by analyzing the waves f the incming sund and creating a secnd set f utging waves. The tw sets f waves cancel each ther ut. Simply turn the machine n pint it at the target, and yur peace and quiet cmes back.
Directed sund is a new technlgy that allws cmpanies t use sund in much the same way sptlights（聚光灯）are used in the theater. A sptlight lights up nly ne sectin f a stage; similarly, a "sptsund" creates a circle f sund in ne targeted area. This can be useful fr businesses such as restaurants and stres because it ffers a new way t attract custmers. Restaurants can ffer a chice f music alng with the varius fd chices n the menu, allwing custmers mre cntrl ver the atmsphere in which they are dining. Directed sund is als beginning t appear in shpping centers and even at hmes.
词块梳理
1：definitely
英[ˈdefɪnətli] 美[ˈdefɪnətli]
adv. 确定；明显地；明确地
变形
比较级：mre definitely
最高级：mst definitely
双语例句
1.The result will definitely turn ut t be just the ppsite f their wish.
其结果必然不会像他们所一厢情愿的那样,而只能适得其反.
2.The team will definitely lse if he desn't play.
如果他不参加比赛,这个队肯定会输.
3.It cannt be regarded as definitely established.
不能认为这是确定无疑的.
2：prfessinal
英[prəˈfeʃənl] 美[prəˈfeʃənl]
adj. 专业的；职业的；非业余的
n. 专业人士；内行
变形
复数：prfessinals
双语例句
1.He is ver the hill as a prfessinal athlete.
作为一名职业运动员,他的巅峰时期已过.
2.The arsn is prfessinal.
放火是内行人干的.
3.T imprve ne's prfessinal skill has nw becme a cmmn practice.
钻研业务已蔚然成风.
3：knwledge
英[ˈnɒlɪdʒ] 美[ˈnɑːlɪdʒ]
n. 知识；知晓
双语例句
1.He was eager t match his knwledge against mine.
他很想和我比比,看谁的知识更丰富.
2.He pssesses an extensive knwledge f banking.
他具有广博的银行业务知识.
3.The knwledge f his guilt trmented him.
知道了自己的罪责使他非常痛苦.
4：phenmenn
英[fəˈnɒmɪnən] 美[fəˈnɑːmɪnən]
n. 现象；杰出的人
变形
复数：phenmena
双语例句
1.Study Mechanism research f the phenmenn, f hydraulic shck in hydraulic driving reciprcating pump.
对液压驱动往复泵冲击现象进行了机理研究.
2.Experts say the El Nin is becming a new phenmenn called the La Nina.
据专家说,现在厄尔尼诺正转变成一个新的现象,叫做拉尼娜.
3.This phenmenn has been bserved experimentally.
这一现象进行过实验性观察.
5：weapn
英[ˈwepən] 美[ˈwepən]
n. 武器；手段
变形
复数：weapns
双语例句
1.The first exhibit was a knife which the prsecutin claimed was the murder weapn.
当庭出示的第一件证物是一把刀,据原告称是谋杀凶器.
2.A hammer can be a lethal weapn.
铁锤可以是致命的武器.
3.The new weapn was t inhumane t be used.
这种新式武器太惨无人道而不宜使用.
6：escape
英[ɪˈskeɪp] 美[ɪˈskeɪp]
v. 逃离；拜托；幸免；被…忘记；逸出；不自觉发出（声音）
n. 逃避；解脱；渗出
变形
过去分词：escaped
现在分词：escaping
过去式：escaped
复数：escapes
第三人称单数：escape
双语例句
1.We had t break the dr ut t escape frm the fire.
我们不得不把门砸开以逃避火灾.
2.He reflected hw difficult it wuld be t escape.
他在考虑逃走会有多大困难.
3.The fx redubled n its trail t escape the hunters.
那狐狸循原路折回逃避猎人.
7：switch
英[swɪtʃ] 美[swɪtʃ]
n. （电路的）开关，闸，转换器；改变，转变
v. 改变，转变；交换，调换；调班
变形
过去分词：switched
现在分词：switching
过去式：switched
复数：switches
第三人称单数：switches
双语例句
1.Benjamin fumbled fr the light switch.
本杰明手忙脚乱地找电灯开关.
2.Switch that fellw ff!
别让那个家伙再讲下去!
3.First yu shuld switch the machine n.
你得先把机器打开.
8：temprarily
英[tempəˈrerɪlɪ] 美[tempəˈrerɪlɪ]
adv. 暂时地；临时地
变形
形容词：temprary
名词：temprariness
双语例句
1.Lemn and lime juice were bth temprarily ut f stck.
柠檬汁和酸橙汁暂时都缺货。
2.The human ppulatin swelled, at least temprarily, as migrants mved suth.
随着移居者南移，人口出现膨胀，至少是暂时性膨胀。
3.The stress f war temprarily unhinged him.
战争的压力让他一时丧失了神志。
9：direct
英[dəˈrekt , daɪˈrekt] 美[dəˈrekt , daɪˈrekt]
adj. 笔直的，径直的；直接的；最近的；正好的；亲自的；坦率的；嫡系的
v. 把…指向，指示；管理，监督；针对；为…指路；领导；执导(电影等)；
adv. 直接地；亲自地
变形
过去分词：directed
现在分词：directing
过去式：directed
第三人称单数：directs
双语例句
1.The army is nw under the direct cmmand f General Bartn.
陆军现在由巴顿将军直接指挥.
2.With n direct descendent, wh will succeed t the title?
没有直系后裔, 谁来继承爵位 呢 ?
3.The stranger asked me t direct him t the statin.
这位陌生人要我指示他去火车站的方向.
10：silence
英[ˈsaɪləns] 美[ˈsaɪləns]
n. 寂静；缄口不言；无音信
v. 使安静；压制
变形
过去分词：silenced
现在分词：silencing
过去式：silenced
第三人称单数：silences
双语例句
1.Nw and then a bird's sng brke in upn the silence f the wd.
鸟鸣声不时打破林中的寂静.
2.Prfund silence prevailed n the pen cuntryside.
四野茫茫,寂静无声.
3.Frgive me fr my lng silence.
请原谅我好久没给你写信.
11：cmmercial
英[kəˈmɜːʃl] 美[kəˈmɜːrʃl]
adj. 商业（化）的；营利的；商品化的；商用的
n. 商业广告
变形
副词：cmmercially
复数：cmmercials
双语例句
1.The right t demand payment frm the endrser f a cmmercial paper when the first party liable fails t pay.
追索权当有支付义务的第一方不能支付时,可以向商业票据的背书人要求支付的权力.
2.Our crrespndence is limited t a few cmmercial letters.
我们之间的通信只限于几封商业函件.
3.He was accused f cmmercial pprtunism.
人们指责他在商业上投机取巧.
12：functin
英[ˈfʌŋkʃn] 美[ˈfʌŋkʃn]
n. 功能；函数；因变量；宴会
v. 工作；发挥功能
变形
过去分词：functined
现在分词：functining
过去式：functined
复数：functins
第三人称单数：functins
双语例句
1.Making cpies f thse plates fr different users is an imprtant functin f the library.
把这些照片复制,供给不同的使用者是该馆的一项重要任务.
2.The functin f the kidneys is t excrete wastes frm the bdy.
肾的功能是排泄人体里的废物.
3.An imbalance in certain chemicals leads t disturbances in the brain's functin.
某些化学成分失衡会道致大脑功能的紊乱.
13：sptlight
英[ˈspɒtlaɪt] 美[ˈspɑːtlaɪt]
n. 聚光灯；公众注意或突出显著；射光圈；探照灯
vt. 聚光照明；使公众注意，使突出醒目
变形
过去分词：sptlighted
现在分词：sptlighting
过去式：sptlighted
复数：sptlights
第三人称单数：sptlights
双语例句
1.All this has thrwn an uncmfrtable sptlight n the insular and paque JSA.
如此种种,让人们都把目光聚焦到了素来固执偏狭且缺乏透明的日本相扑协会身上.
2.Faheem says he and his partner are ready fr the sptlight, prepared t interview celebrities.
法何姆说他和他的搭档已经准备好闪光灯, 准备采访名人.
3.Let China make sme mistakes. It'll take the sptlight ff f us.
让中国人去犯错, 这样会让世人的目光从偶们身上转开.
14：similarly
英[ˈsɪmələli] 美[ˈsɪmələrli]
adv. 相似地；类似地；同样；也
双语例句
1.Similarly, if the seal gap increases, then the membrane will reduce the frce.
同样, 如果密封间隙增大, 那么液膜内的力就会减小.
2.Similarly thrugh custmised slutins, we seek t find tax savings pprtunities.
通过适当的解决方案, 为客户合理节税.
3.Similarly , ur yuths gathered tgether cnstitute a perid f brilliance.
我们汇集的青春也撑起这一段灿烂的岁月.
Fr peple, wh are interested in sund, the field f sund technlgy is definitely making nise. In the past, sund engineers wrked in the back rms f recrding studis, but many f tday’s sund prfessinals are sharing their knwledge and experience with prfessinals in ther fields t create new prducts based n the phenmenn we call sund.
Sund can be used as a weapn. Imagine that a plice fficer is chasing a thief. The thief tries t escape. And the fficer can’t let him get away. He pulls ut a special device, pints it at the suspect, and switches it n. The thief drps t the grund. This new weapn is called a Lng Range Acustic Device（LRAD, 远程定向声波发射器）. It prduces a deafening sund s painful that it temprarily disables a persn. The nise frm the LRAD is directed like a ray f light and travels nly int the ears f that persn, but it is nt deadly.
Fr thse wh hunger fr sme peace and quiet, sund can nw create silence. Let’s say yu are at the airprt, and the little by n the seat next t yu is humming（哼唱）a shrt cmmercial sng. He hums it ver and ver again, and yu are abut t g crazy. Thanks t the Silence Machine, a British inventin, yu can get rid f the sund withut upsetting the by r his parents. One may wnder hw the Silence Machine wrks. Well, it functins by analyzing the waves f the incming sund and creating a secnd set f utging waves. The tw sets f waves cancel each ther ut. Simply turn the machine n pint it at the target, and yur peace and quiet cmes back.
Directed sund is a new technlgy that allws cmpanies t use sund in much the same way sptlights（聚光灯）are used in the theater. A sptlight lights up nly ne sectin f a stage; similarly, a "sptsund" creates a circle f sund in ne targeted area. This can be useful fr businesses such as restaurants and stres because it ffers a new way t attract custmers. Restaurants can ffer a chice f music alng with the varius fd chices n the menu, allwing custmers mre cntrl ver the atmsphere in which they are dining. Directed sund is als beginning t appear in shpping centers and even at hmes.
词块梳理
1：definitely
英[ˈdefɪnətli] 美[ˈdefɪnətli]
adv. 确定；明显地；明确地
变形
比较级：mre definitely
最高级：mst definitely
双语例句
1.The result will definitely turn ut t be just the ppsite f their wish.
其结果必然不会像他们所一厢情愿的那样,而只能适得其反.
2.The team will definitely lse if he desn't play.
如果他不参加比赛,这个队肯定会输.
3.It cannt be regarded as definitely established.
不能认为这是确定无疑的.
2：prfessinal
英[prəˈfeʃənl] 美[prəˈfeʃənl]
adj. 专业的；职业的；非业余的
n. 专业人士；内行
变形
复数：prfessinals
双语例句
1.He is ver the hill as a prfessinal athlete.
作为一名职业运动员,他的巅峰时期已过.
2.The arsn is prfessinal.
放火是内行人干的.
3.T imprve ne's prfessinal skill has nw becme a cmmn practice.
钻研业务已蔚然成风.
3：knwledge
英[ˈnɒlɪdʒ] 美[ˈnɑːlɪdʒ]
n. 知识；知晓
双语例句
1.He was eager t match his knwledge against mine.
他很想和我比比,看谁的知识更丰富.
2.He pssesses an extensive knwledge f banking.
他具有广博的银行业务知识.
3.The knwledge f his guilt trmented him.
知道了自己的罪责使他非常痛苦.
4：phenmenn
英[fəˈnɒmɪnən] 美[fəˈnɑːmɪnən]
n. 现象；杰出的人
变形
复数：phenmena
双语例句
1.Study Mechanism research f the phenmenn, f hydraulic shck in hydraulic driving reciprcating pump.
对液压驱动往复泵冲击现象进行了机理研究.
2.Experts say the El Nin is becming a new phenmenn called the La Nina.
据专家说,现在厄尔尼诺正转变成一个新的现象,叫做拉尼娜.
3.This phenmenn has been bserved experimentally.
这一现象进行过实验性观察.
5：weapn
英[ˈwepən] 美[ˈwepən]
n. 武器；手段
变形
复数：weapns
双语例句
1.The first exhibit was a knife which the prsecutin claimed was the murder weapn.
当庭出示的第一件证物是一把刀,据原告称是谋杀凶器.
2.A hammer can be a lethal weapn.
铁锤可以是致命的武器.
3.The new weapn was t inhumane t be used.
这种新式武器太惨无人道而不宜使用.
6：escape
英[ɪˈskeɪp] 美[ɪˈskeɪp]
v. 逃离；拜托；幸免；被…忘记；逸出；不自觉发出（声音）
n. 逃避；解脱；渗出
变形
过去分词：escaped
现在分词：escaping
过去式：escaped
复数：escapes
第三人称单数：escape
双语例句
1.We had t break the dr ut t escape frm the fire.
我们不得不把门砸开以逃避火灾.
2.He reflected hw difficult it wuld be t escape.
他在考虑逃走会有多大困难.
3.The fx redubled n its trail t escape the hunters.
那狐狸循原路折回逃避猎人.
7：switch
英[swɪtʃ] 美[swɪtʃ]
n. （电路的）开关，闸，转换器；改变，转变
v. 改变，转变；交换，调换；调班
变形
过去分词：switched
现在分词：switching
过去式：switched
复数：switches
第三人称单数：switches
双语例句
1.Benjamin fumbled fr the light switch.
本杰明手忙脚乱地找电灯开关.
2.Switch that fellw ff!
别让那个家伙再讲下去!
3.First yu shuld switch the machine n.
你得先把机器打开.
8：temprarily
英[tempəˈrerɪlɪ] 美[tempəˈrerɪlɪ]
adv. 暂时地；临时地
变形
形容词：temprary
名词：temprariness
双语例句
1.Lemn and lime juice were bth temprarily ut f stck.
柠檬汁和酸橙汁暂时都缺货。
2.The human ppulatin swelled, at least temprarily, as migrants mved suth.
随着移居者南移，人口出现膨胀，至少是暂时性膨胀。
3.The stress f war temprarily unhinged him.
战争的压力让他一时丧失了神志。
9：direct
英[dəˈrekt , daɪˈrekt] 美[dəˈrekt , daɪˈrekt]
adj. 笔直的，径直的；直接的；最近的；正好的；亲自的；坦率的；嫡系的
v. 把…指向，指示；管理，监督；针对；为…指路；领导；执导(电影等)；
adv. 直接地；亲自地
变形
过去分词：directed
现在分词：directing
过去式：directed
第三人称单数：directs
双语例句
1.The army is nw under the direct cmmand f General Bartn.
陆军现在由巴顿将军直接指挥.
2.With n direct descendent, wh will succeed t the title?
没有直系后裔, 谁来继承爵位 呢 ?
3.The stranger asked me t direct him t the statin.
这位陌生人要我指示他去火车站的方向.
10：silence
英[ˈsaɪləns] 美[ˈsaɪləns]
n. 寂静；缄口不言；无音信
v. 使安静；压制
变形
过去分词：silenced
现在分词：silencing
过去式：silenced
第三人称单数：silences
双语例句
1.Nw and then a bird's sng brke in upn the silence f the wd.
鸟鸣声不时打破林中的寂静.
2.Prfund silence prevailed n the pen cuntryside.
四野茫茫,寂静无声.
3.Frgive me fr my lng silence.
请原谅我好久没给你写信.
11：cmmercial
英[kəˈmɜːʃl] 美[kəˈmɜːrʃl]
adj. 商业（化）的；营利的；商品化的；商用的
n. 商业广告
变形
副词：cmmercially
复数：cmmercials
双语例句
1.The right t demand payment frm the endrser f a cmmercial paper when the first party liable fails t pay.
追索权当有支付义务的第一方不能支付时,可以向商业票据的背书人要求支付的权力.
2.Our crrespndence is limited t a few cmmercial letters.
我们之间的通信只限于几封商业函件.
3.He was accused f cmmercial pprtunism.
人们指责他在商业上投机取巧.
12：functin
英[ˈfʌŋkʃn] 美[ˈfʌŋkʃn]
n. 功能；函数；因变量；宴会
v. 工作；发挥功能
变形
过去分词：functined
现在分词：functining
过去式：functined
复数：functins
第三人称单数：functins
双语例句
1.Making cpies f thse plates fr different users is an imprtant functin f the library.
把这些照片复制,供给不同的使用者是该馆的一项重要任务.
2.The functin f the kidneys is t excrete wastes frm the bdy.
肾的功能是排泄人体里的废物.
3.An imbalance in certain chemicals leads t disturbances in the brain's functin.
某些化学成分失衡会道致大脑功能的紊乱.
13：sptlight
英[ˈspɒtlaɪt] 美[ˈspɑːtlaɪt]
n. 聚光灯；公众注意或突出显著；射光圈；探照灯
vt. 聚光照明；使公众注意，使突出醒目
变形
过去分词：sptlighted
现在分词：sptlighting
过去式：sptlighted
复数：sptlights
第三人称单数：sptlights
双语例句
1.All this has thrwn an uncmfrtable sptlight n the insular and paque JSA.
如此种种,让人们都把目光聚焦到了素来固执偏狭且缺乏透明的日本相扑协会身上.
2.Faheem says he and his partner are ready fr the sptlight, prepared t interview celebrities.
法何姆说他和他的搭档已经准备好闪光灯, 准备采访名人.
3.Let China make sme mistakes. It'll take the sptlight ff f us.
让中国人去犯错, 这样会让世人的目光从偶们身上转开.
14：similarly
英[ˈsɪmələli] 美[ˈsɪmələrli]
adv. 相似地；类似地；同样；也
双语例句
1.Similarly, if the seal gap increases, then the membrane will reduce the frce.
同样, 如果密封间隙增大, 那么液膜内的力就会减小.
2.Similarly thrugh custmised slutins, we seek t find tax savings pprtunities.
通过适当的解决方案, 为客户合理节税.
3.Similarly , ur yuths gathered tgether cnstitute a perid f brilliance.
我们汇集的青春也撑起这一段灿烂的岁月.
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