高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future巩固练习

单元素养提升(二) Unit 2

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

1. You can’t imagine what great trouble the boy has persuading (persuade) his father to give up smoking!

2. Carrying many different viruses,  wildlife can potentially (potential) infect human beings and should be banned for trade.

3. Do not forget to switch off the air-conditioning when you go to bed.

4. Due to security (secure) concerns,  visitors are no longer permitted to climb the stairs inside the Statue of Liberty.

5. Figuring out in advance how we’re going to cope with major problems during the virus outbreak helps us work efficiently (efficient).

6. Actually,  our hobbies vary a lot—I like outdoor activities,  while square dance is my wife’s preference (prefer).

7. The woman burst into tears instantly (instant) she was announced the winner.

8. We have just heard a warning on the radio that a typhoon may be on its way.

9. She has great pressure at work recently and that may account for her abnormal (normal) behavior.

10. The manager needs an assistant that he can count on to take care of problems in his absence(absent).

11. It’s the combination (combine) of beauty and intelligence that made her stand out in the contest.

Ⅱ. 同义替换(用本单元的短语替换加黑部分)

1. He turned off the light and was about to leave the classroom and only then did it begin to rain heavily.

=He switched off the light and was about to leave the classroom and only then did it begin to rain heavily.  

2. Believe it or not,  we keep in contact by writing letters instead of sending e-mails.

=Believe it or not,  we keep in touch by writing letters instead of sending e-mails.  

3. If you leave, I’ll have no more friends here,  so I won’t stay any longer.

=If you leave, I’ll have no more friends here,  so I will stay no longer.  

4. He made up his mind to devote his life to stopping the river from polluted.

=He made up his mind to devote his life to preventing the river from polluted.

5. Many citizens are strongly against pulling down the 100-year-old building in the centre of the city.

=Many citizens are strongly opposed to pulling down the 100-year-old building in the centre of the city.  

6. It’s better to express your anger instead of bottling it up.

=It’s better to express your anger rather than bottle it up.  

7. It is known to us that doing eye exercises does good to our eyes, and that is to say, our eyes can get benefit from doing eye exercises.

=It is known to us that doing eye exercises benefits our eyes, and that is to say, our eyes can benefit from doing eye exercises.  

8. Jim is not present at the party. That is because he was badly injured in the football game.

=Jim is absent from the party. That is because he was badly injured in the football game.  

9. In this way, children and adults have equal rights.

=In this sense, children and adults have equal rights.  

10. My father has never liked meat,  but he always prefers to fruit and vegetables.

=My father has never liked meat,  but he always has a preference for fruit and vegetables.  

Ⅲ. 完成句子

1. It will be a long time before we meet them again.  

要过很长时间我们才能再见到他们。

2. I feel so excited!  This time tomorrow morning I will be flying to Shanghai.  

我太兴奋了! 明天上午的这个时候我将飞往上海。

3. Much to my surprise,  she burst into tears the instant she read the letter.  

让我很惊讶的是, 她一读到这封信就开始大哭。

4. I can’t go to the party tonight. I will be seeing off/will see off a friend.  

今晚我不能参加聚会了。我要给一位朋友送行。

5. I will clean the house during the time you go out tomorrow.  

你们明天出去游玩期间我会把家里打扫干净。

Ⅳ. 阅读理解

A

The future home is something that people have talked about for decades.  Because the future home idea inspires our imagination,  scientists and engineers have been working hard to develop different systems to make houses “smarter”.

The video camera at the entrance recognizes visitors using facial recognition software.  The facial recognition software of the future home will not only recognize friends,  but strangers as well.  And the software in your future home will run the strangers’ faces against a database of criminals.

The future home will also have smart appliances (家电)as well.  There will be a vast networking system connecting them.  Ovens,  microwaves and refrigerators will be controlled automatically(自动地),  so remote cooking will be a possibility and meals are prepared for your arrival.

There will also be green systems in place such as saving and reusing wash water and bath water.  Plants and people may receive pure or mineralized drinking water.

If you think this future home idea is pie in the sky or science fiction,  then think again.  Most of the systems described here are either in development or already out at the market.  Future homes may not be standard yet for the middle class but this isn’t as far ahead as many people would think.  

【文章大意】本文通过想象, 描述了“智能未来家庭”的样子。

1. What can the facial recognition software be used for in future homes?

A. Greeting friends.

B. Collecting visitors’ information.

C. Recognizing visitors.

D. Following dangerous criminals.

【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The video camera. . .  software. ” 入口处的摄像机使用面部识别软件识别访客。可知, 在未来的家庭中, 面部识别软件可以用来识别访客。故选C。

2. Which of the following indicates the future house is environment-friendly?

A. Facial recognition software.

B. Remote cooking.

C. Smart refrigerators.

D. Saving and reusing water.

【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段的“There will . . .  bath water. ” 在适当的地方, 还将建立环保系统, 如节约和重复使用洗涤水和洗澡水。可知, 节约和再利用水资源说明未来的房子是环保的。故选D。

3. What does the underlined word “standard” in the last paragraph mean?

A. Attractive. 　　　　 B. Common.

C. Special.     D. Excellent.

【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“but this isn’t. . .  think. ”但这并不像许多人想象的那样遥远。可知, 上半句的意思是: 对于中产阶级来说, 未来的家庭可能还不普遍。因此画线词的意思是“普通的”。故选B。

4. What is the best title for the passage?

A. Smart Future Home

B. A Smart Networking System

C. Software in Future Home

D. Various Household Appliances

【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段“Because the future . . .  ’smarter’. ”因为未来家居理念激发了我们的想象力, 科学家和工程师们一直在努力开发不同的系统, 使房子变得更“智能”。及下文描述的未来的智能家庭的样子, 可知, “智能未来之家”适合作本文的题目。故选A。

B

The home of the future won’t be completely different and we will be living in houses and flats just as we do today. But people will want to shape their homes to match their dreams. No two homes will be the same. People will be able to buy “house kits” containing a basic house structure,  with movable walls,  doors and windows. They will put together the different parts to create the home they want.

Many jobs that we do today will disappear,  others will still exist but will change and new jobs will be created. Skilled workers such as builders,  gardeners and electricians won’t disappear because machines can’t replace them. Teachers will still exist because students need human contact. But they will be using modern technology in class more and students will be working more from home. The medical technology revolution and space travel will create new jobs which we can only imagine today.

Space holidays will develop in the future,  but these holidays won’t be for everyone because they won’t be cheap. Short space trips will develop first,  then space hotels will orbit the earth where it will be possible to have a longer vacation. By the end of the next century,  there will be holiday centers on the moon with leisure facilities for families.

Paper won’t exist in the future. Instead,  there will be e-paper which people will be able to use over and over again. This will develop in order to save natural resources. E-newspapers and e-magazines will replace traditional newspapers and magazines and we will download information and news articles from the Internet every day onto our reusable paper.

The laws of physics tell us that the earth is going to disappear sometime in the future. This isn’t going to happen tomorrow but scientists predict that it will happen in five billion years when our sun explodes (爆炸). We will have to explore the universe and find another home. At some point in the distant future,  either we stay on the earth and die with it,  or we leave and move to another planet. There won’t be any other choice.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了未来生活, 我们未来的家、职业、太空旅行和可重复利用的电子纸等。

5. What will homes of the future be like?

A. They will be completely different from those of today.

B. They will be very similar to our homes.

C. They will be movable as you want.

D. They will be different from one another.

【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段“No two homes will be the same. ”可知, 没有两个家是一样的。由此可知, 未来的家彼此之间都是不同的。故选D项。

6. Space trips and staying in space hotels will______.  

A. become a very common way to spend a holiday

B. be the cheapest holiday choice for families

C. still only be for very rich people

D. attract a lot of people

【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段“Space holidays . . . cheap. ”可知, 太空度假将在未来发展, 但这些假期不是所有人都可以享受的, 因为它们不会便宜。由此可推断出, 太空旅行和住在太空旅馆的人仍然是非常富有的人。故选C项。

7. Why will e-paper replace traditional paper?

A. Because it won’t waste natural resource.

B. Because young people like it.

C. Because it will be cheaper to produce.

D. Because it will be convenient to carry.

【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段“Paper won’t exist . . . resources. ”可知, 纸在未来不再存在, 取而代之的是人们可以反复使用的电子纸。这是为了节约自然资源而发展的。由此可知, 电子纸取代传统纸张是因为它不会浪费自然资源。故选A项。

8. We will have to move to another planet______.  

A. if we want to live a better life

B. if we want to save the human race

C. when the earth explodes

D. when the earth is too crowded to live on

【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段“At some point. . . planet. ”可知, 在遥远的将来的某个时候, 我们要么留在地球上, 和它一起死去, 要么离开地球, 搬到其他星球上去。由此可知, 如果我们想拯救人类, 就必须搬去其他星球。故选B项。

Ⅴ. 阅读填句

(2021·珠海高二检测)

Forging a 5G future

The future in sci-fi movies seems so close,  yet so far away.  Delightfully,  5G technology makes that future look easily achievable.  Schools,  hospitals,  transportation,  factories—even our homes will soon use this powerful wireless network.  Last year,  China started testing 5G mobile networks in its several cities.  So what is 5G?  It’s the latest generation of cellular (蜂窝状的) network technology.  　1　 

5G’s benefits mainly come from speed and connectivity.  　2　People will be able to use the Internet at a much greater speed than before.  Imagine being able to download an entire movie in just a few seconds!  That’s how fast 5G will be.  

　3　 For example,  one of the biggest problems with developing driverless cars is the delay between sending a signal and receiving it.  Driverless cars must be able to react instantly to sudden changes in their environment,  such as a dog running across the road.  This will require these cars to send and receive huge amounts of data within milliseconds. 　4　 It will also allow doctors to perform operations remotely,  using robots.  The robots will respond more quickly to the doctors’ movements.  

So what about 5G’s connectivity? 　5　.  Imagine having a smart home that automatically turns the lights on when you open your front door.  

“New things become possible when you can move information at a massive scale, ” Gordon Smith,  CEO of telecom equipment reseller Sagent,  told The Telegraph.  “5G becomes the great enabler.  ”

No matter where it is implemented,  it looks like 5G will bring us a more exciting and convenient future.

A. 5G will make this possible.

B. Such speed helps other technologies,  too.

C. It connects people’s lives in various ways.

D. The advantage of higher speeds is obvious.

E. We may develop “smart” environments with it.

F. With 5G,  people can conveniently solve many problems.

G. It is faster and more stable than 4G,  the previous generation.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要向读者介绍了5G技术以及未来5G对我们日常生活的影响。

1. 【解析】选G。上文“So what is 5G?  It’s the latest generation of cellular network technology. ”(那么什么是5G呢? 它是蜂窝状网络技术的最新一代。)与G项 It is faster and more stable than 4G,  the previous generation. (它比4G, 即上一代, 要更快更稳定。)承接自然, 上下文将4G和5G进行对比, 来说明5G的优势。选项中的It就是上文提到的5G。故选G项。

2. 【解析】选D。下文“People will . . .  seconds! ”(人们可以用比之前更快的速度使用网络。想象一下在几秒钟内下载一部完整的电影。)与D项承接自然, 下文是对更快的速度这个优势的举例说明, 即人们可以用更快的速度上网, 在更短的时间内下载电影。故选D项。

3. 【解析】选F。下文“For example, . . .  it. ”(例如, 开发无人驾驶车辆的最大的问题之一就是发送信号和接受信号之间的延迟。)与F项承接自然, 下文所提出的“无人驾驶车辆发送信号和接受信号之间的延迟”就是5G可以轻松解决的问题之一, 因为5G的速度很快, 可以缩短这种延迟。此外, problems是关键词。故选F项。

4. 【解析】选B。下文“It will also allow . . . movements. ”(它还允许医生使用机器人进行远程手术。机器人将对医生的动作做出更快的反应)与B项承接自然, 下文所提到的远程手术就是其它技术之一。此外选项中的too对应下文的also。故选B项。

5. 【解析】选E。下文“Imagine having a . . .  door. ”(想象一下有一个智能的家, 它在你打开前门时自动把灯打开。)与E项承接自然, 上下文话题一致, 都讲述用5G创建智能环境, smart是关键词。此外选项中的it指代上句“So what about 5G’s connectivity? ”(那么5G的连通性怎么样呢? )中的5G’s connectivity。故选E项。

Ⅵ. 完形填空

 (2021·泰安高二检测)

I did homework while my mom cooked in the kitchen. Usually,  I complained about my classmates treating me 　1　 . “She didn’t even save me a seat. ” or “He　2　my pencil. ” 

One afternoon during my emotion-release time,  my mom turned to me and said　3　,  “If everyone around you is being a stupid person,  then it is you who is behaving like the most stupid one of all. ” I was 　4　and argued that it was the faults of other kids. I felt so　5　that I didn’t think I could ever forgive my mother.  

But a week later,  after a　6　day when my classmates refused to play with me,  I decided to see if mom was right in action. It was a(n)　7　 with my own behavior.  

That Monday at school,  I no longer　8　 everyone there to change their behavior to fit me. 　9　 ,  I tried to change myself. Properly managing my emotions　10　everything. I no longer felt like I was a victim,  but a victor. I　11　my classmates.  

Tolerance in our own　12　helps us recognize and 　13　the imperfections in others. Now I 　14　my mom’s words in this way,  “If everyone around you is　15　,  chances are that you are the kindest of all. ” 

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者曾经总是抱怨周围的同学, 妈妈的一句话使作者发生了改变。作者通过改变自己的态度和情绪, 与同学的关系也发生了改变。

1. A. kindly　　　　 B. commonly

C. unfairly    D. impatiently

【解析】选C。句意: 通常, 我抱怨我的同学对我不公平。根据“She didn’t even save me a seat. ” or “He__________my pencil. ”可知, 我抱怨同学不公平地对待我。故选C。 

2. A. borrowed   B. liked

C. returned    D. broke

【解析】选D。句意: 他弄坏了我的铅笔。我在抱怨同学不公平地对待我, 所以这里意思是他弄坏了我的铅笔。故选D。

3. A. quickly   B. seriously

C. secretly    D. happily

【解析】选B。句意: 一天下午在我的情绪释放时间, 我的妈妈转向我, 认真地说, “如果你周围的每个人都是一个愚蠢的人, 然后你的表现是最愚蠢的那一个。”根据If everyone . . . one of all. 可知, 我的妈妈是在严肃认真地对我说话。故选B。

4. A. satisfied   B. ashamed

C. shocked     D. tired

【解析】选C。句意: 我很震惊, 争论说这是其他孩子的错。上文母亲说我是表现最愚蠢的那个, 以及下文我和母亲据理力争说是其他孩子的错误, 可知我对母亲说的话很震惊。故选C。

5. A. angry    B. afraid

C. nervous    D. shy

【解析】选A。句意: 我感到非常生气, 我认为我永远都不会原谅我的母亲。根据that I didn’t think I could ever forgive my mother. 可知, 我感到非常生气。故选A。

6. A. hot   B. busy

C. noisy   D. rough

【解析】选D。句意: 但一周后, 我的同学们拒绝陪我玩, 我度过了艰难的一天, 我决定看看妈妈的说法是否正确。根据when my classmates refused to play with me可知, 那一天我过得很艰难。故选D。

7. A. experiment  B. experience

C. game    D. battle

【解析】选A。句意: 这是对我自己行为的一次实验。根据上文I decided to see if Mom was right in action可知, 我在进行实验。故选A。

8. A. forced   B. advised

C. allowed    D. expected

【解析】选D。句意: 那个星期一在学校里, 我不再期望每个人都改变他们的行为来适应我。根据I tried to change myself. 可知, 我不再期望每个人都改变他们的行为来适应我。故选D。

9. A. Therefore  B. Instead

C. Though    D. However

【解析】选B。句意: 相反, 我试图改变自己。上文说我不再期望每个人都改变他们的行为来适应我, 下文说我试图改变自己, 所以这里表示“相反, 取而代之”之意。 故选B。

10. A. witnessed  B. challenged

C. destroyed   D. changed

【解析】选D。句意: 正确地控制自己的情绪改变了一切。根据下文I no longer felt like I was a victim ,  but a victor可知, 正确地控制自己的情绪改变了一切。故选D。

11. A. forgave  B. welcomed

C. scolded   D. advised

【解析】选A。句意: 我原谅了我的同学。根据Tolerance in our own __________helps us recognize and __________the imperfections in others. 可知, 我原谅了我的同学。故选A。 

12. A. selfishness  B. impoliteness

C. weakness   D. optimism

【解析】选C。句意: 宽容自己的弱点可以帮助我们认识和接受别人的不完美。根据helps us recognize and __________the imperfections in others. 可知, 宽容自己的弱点有助于我们认识和接受别人的缺点。故选C。 

13. A. find   B. learn

C. accept   D. correct

【解析】选C。句意: 宽容自己的弱点可以帮助我们认识和接受别人的不完美。上文说我原谅了我的同学们, 也就是说我接受了别人的不完美。故选C。

14. A. doubt  B. understand

C. recall   D. oppose

【解析】选B。句意: 现在我以这种方式理解妈妈的话: “如果你身边的每个人都很友好, 那么你很可能是最善良的人。”根据If everyone around you is__________,  chances are that you are the kindest of all. 可知, 这是我对妈妈说的话的理解和诠释。故选B。 

15. A. friendly   B. lucky

C. brave    D. confident

【解析】选A。句意: 现在我以这种方式理解妈妈的话: “如果你身边的每个人都很友好, 那么你很可能是最善良的人。”根据chances are that you are the kindest of all. 可知, 如果你身边的每个人都很友好, 那么你很可能是最善良的人。故选A。