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2021-2022学年江苏省南京市六校高一上学期12月联合调研考试英语试卷含解析
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这是一份2021-2022学年江苏省南京市六校高一上学期12月联合调研考试英语试卷含解析，共24页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2021-2022学年江苏省南京市六校高一上学期12月联合调研考试英语试卷
第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much was the TV set?
A. $60. B. $120. C. $90.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I suppose your second hand TV set cost about $60.
W: Sixty? Actually it was double that price.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man mean?
A. Tom was talking with the postman.
B. Tom was running around the corner.
C. Tom was helping the postman with his work.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I saw Tom around the corner just now. Guess what he was doing.
M: I am sure he was chatting with the postman. He seems to like the postman very much.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man want to do?
A. Buy a fan. B. Use electricity. C. Cool himself down.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Gee, it’ s so hot here. Does anyone know where the fan is?
W: No use. The fan is OK, but there’s no electricity.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why did the boss criticize Joseph?
A. He was late for work.
B. He quarreled with the man speaker.
C. He criticized the man speaker too seriously.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I heard that Joseph quarrelled with the boss this morning. Do you know what happened?
M: I would also have quarrelled with the boss if he had criticized me so seriously for being two minutes late.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who is Fiona?
A. The woman speaker. B. Thompson’s sister. C. Daisy’s sister
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, Daisy. Are you sure that Thompson is in hospital?
W: His sister Fiona told me that. She is going to the hospital to see him.
M: Do you think I can go with her?
W: I don’t know. Why not ask her yourself?
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What was the weather like last week?
A. Too warm. B. Nice and sunny. C. Neither hot nor cold.
7. What season is it now?
A. Summer. B. Winter. C. Autumn.
8. What does the man think the weather will be like this weekend?
A. He thinks it’ll rain.
B. He thinks it’ll be cloudy.
C. He doesn’t think it’ll rain.
【答案】6. A 7. C 8. A
【解析】
【原文】M: It’s a beautiful day, isn’t it?
W: Yes,nice and sunny.
M: It’s much better than last week. It was too warm then.
W: I’m glad summer is over. I like autumn best.
M: So do I. It’s neither too hot nor too cold. The sky is clear and blue.
W: It’s a good time to have a picnic. Do you want to have one this weekend?
M: I’d love to but I think it’s going to rain. The weatherman said it will.
W: I don’t think he’s right. It hasn’t rained for a week.
M: But he is usually right in his weather news.
W: I’m sure we’ll have fine weather for our picnic.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
9. What can we know about the singing group?
A. It’s made up of 15 girls.
B. It practices once every other week.
C. Every member comes on time for each practice.
10. What is the singing group doing these days?
A. Writing a new song.
B. Practicing eight songs.
C. Practicing for a school show.
11. What can we know about the new song?
A. Its name is Sundays.
B. It’s written by a famous musician.
C. It’s written by a singer of the group.
【答案】9. C 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【原文】M: What do you usually do in your spare time?
W: I have joined a singing group and we practice two afternoons each week.
M: That’s a very interesting thing to do.
W: Yes.It’s a small group of only fifteen girls and boys. But nobody has been late for the practice.
M: I see. How many songs can you sing now?
W: We started only three months ago, but we’ve practiced eight songs.
M: Are you going to perform any time?
W: Yes,there will be a school show next month and we are going to sing a song in it. We are practicing a new song now. It’s written by one of the singers in our group.
M: Really? What’s the name of the song?
W: Sunny Days.
M: That’s a nice name. I hope to listen to it soon. Can I visit you when you practice?
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
12. What is the father reading at the beginning of the conversation?
A. A novel. B. A newspaper. C. A magazine.
13. What kind of book does the girl want to read?
A. A book on dolls.
B. A book about animals.
C. A book about candy and cookies.
14. What does the girl’s teacher say about reading?
A. The girl should read books every day.
B. The girl can borrow books from the library.
C. The girl should read at least ten books a night.
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Dad, will you read to me?
M: Uh, let me finish the newspaper first.
W: You’ve been saying that forever!
M: Well, how about reading the business section of the newspaper together?
W: That’s boring. Let’s read this book. It’s about a bear and a cat that become friends.
M: Okay.
W: And these books too.
M: Whoa. I thought you said one book. There must be ten here.
W: My teacher, Mrs. Green, says you have to read to me every night, and the newspaper doesn’t count. And let’s eat some popcorn and cookies while we’re reading.
M: Well, it’s bedtime right now. So, Okay, here we go. Once upon a time in a deep, dark forest, lived a brown bear...
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
15. Where are they planning to go in the morning?
A. To a zoo. B. To an art museum. C. To the seashore.
16. Why does the woman want to go shopping instead?
A. To buy some clothes.
B. To meet her friend there.
C. To buy a gift for her friend.
17. What are they talking about?
A. A city guide. B. A shopping center. C. A travel plan.
【答案】15. B 16. A 17. C
【解析】
【原文】M: So,what do you want to do tomorrow?
W: Well,let’s look at this city guide here. Uh, here’s something interesting. Why don’t we first visit the Art Museum in the morning?
M: Okay. I like that idea. And where do you want to have lunch?
W: How about going to an Indian restaurant? The guide recommends one downtown a few blocks from the museum.
M: Now that sounds great. After that, what do you think about visiting the zoo? Well, it says here there are some very unique animals not found anywhere else.
W: Well,to tell the truth, I’m not really interested in going there. Why don’t we go shopping instead? There are supposed to be some really nice places to pick up some bargain clothes.
M: Nah,I don’t think that’s a good idea. We only have a few traveler’s checks left. And I only have fifty dollars left in cash.
W: No problem. We can use YOUR credit card to pay.
M: Oh. No.I remember the last time you used MY credit card for YOUR new clothes.
W: Oh well. Let’s take the subway down to the seashore and walk along the beach.
M: Now that sounds like a wonderful plan.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. How you decide what to buy in a supermarket.
B. How a supermarket makes people spend more.
C. Who decides how much to spend in a supermarket.
19. Why does the food that everybody must buy spread all over the store?
A. To provide a good service.
B. To lead customers to all sections of the store.
C. To make it easy for customers to locate the food.
20. How much do people spend after they have been in a store for 30 minutes?
A. 1,500 cents in total. B. 40 cents each minute. C. Five dollars each minute.
【答案】18. B 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【原文】How do you decide what you are going to buy in a supermarket? Do you look in the refrigerator and make a list? Do you think about what you want to cook and then buy the food you need? Even if you do these things, the supermarket makes some of the decisions for you. There are some people who have studied how to make people buy more food in a supermarket. They do all kinds of things that you do not even notice. For example: 1. The food that everybody must buy, like bread, milk and vegetables, is spread all over the store. You have to walk to find these things. 2. The expensive food is in packages with brightly colored pictures. It is put at eye level, and so when you see it you want to buy it. 3. The things that you have to buy anyway are usually put on a higher or lower shelf. 4. However, candy and other things children like are on lower shelves. Studies showed that after a person has been in a supermarket for 30 minutes, she or he spends 50 cents every minute. For example, if someone stays 40 minutes, the supermarket has 5 dollars more. So the store has a comfortable temperature in summer and in winter, and it plays soft music. It is a pleasant place for people to stay and spend more money. So be careful in the supermarket. You may go home with a bag of food you were not planning to buy. The supermarket, not you, decided you should buy it.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
If you are a sci-fi movie fan, there are some sci-fi films that are worth seeing.
Stowaway
Stowaway is the story of a mission to Mars and a spaceship that has too many passengers. With the journey planned for only a certain number of people, well, you can see where this is headed. This sci-fi movie directed by Joe Penna takes us on a journey we will be able to risk.
Robopocalypse
David H. Wilson, author of 2011’s Robopocalypse, has been compared to sci-fi writers like Michael Crichton and Robert A. Heinlein. The film tells the story of a robot named AIX in the near future. It has the face of a pure (纯真的) child, but its heart is not pure. One day, he took control of the global network and directed the machines and weapons (武器) made by human beings to fight against human beings. Steven Spielberg was in charge of this film for years until it changed hands in 2017 to director Michael Bay.
Voyagers
The biggest problem with space travel is the long distance. In Voyagers, 30 men and women go on a multi-generational voyage in search of a new home. The mission gradually gets into madness. The people don’t know if the real threat they face is what’s outside the ship or who they’re becoming inside it. The film’s director Neil Burger describes the film as Lord of the Flies for a new generation.
After Yang
Based on Alexander Weinstein’s short story Saying Goodbye to Yang, this film is set in the future where robotic children help raise human children as live-in help. But when one robotic family member, Yang, becomes non-responsive, a father and daughter will do everything they can to save its life. Starring Collin Ferrell and directed by Kogonada (director of Columbus), this could be one of the smartest sci-fi films.
21. Which movie is your best choice if you like Joe Penna?
A. Stowaway. B. Robopocalypse.
C. Voyagers. D. After Yang.
22. What is the journey in Voyagers like?
A. Safe. B. Boring C. Unpleasant. D. Tiring.
23. What do Robopocalypse and After Yang have in common?
A. They both tell a story about a robot.
B. They both mention a mission in space.
C. They are both smart sci-fi films of the year.
D. They are both based on a full-length novel.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文。文章推荐了4部值得一看的科幻电影。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Stowaway部分中“This sci-fi movie directed by Joe Penna takes us on a journey we will be able to risk. (这部由乔·潘纳执导的科幻电影带我们踏上了一段我们可以冒险的旅程)”可知，喜欢Joe Penna的人可以去看他执导的Stowaway。 故选A项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据Voyagers部分中“The mission gradually gets into madness. The people don’t know if the real threat they face is what’s outside the ship or who they’re becoming inside it. (任务逐渐陷入疯狂。人们不知道他们面临的真正威胁是船外的东西还是他们在里面会变成什么人) ”可推知，在Voyagers号中的人陷入了疯狂，迷失了自己，所以这一旅程是不愉快的。故选C项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Robopocalypse部分中“The film tells the story of a robot named AIX in the near future.(这部电影讲述了一个在不久的将来名叫AIX的机器人的故事)”和After Yang部分中“Based on Alexander Weinstein’s short story Saying Goodbye to Yang, this film is set in the future where robotic children help raise human children as live-in help. (这部电影改编自亚历山大·温斯坦的短篇小说《向杨告别》，故事发生在未来，机器人儿童作为住家帮手帮助抚养人类儿童) ”可知，两部电影都是关于机器人的故事。故选A项。
B
Jason and Henry have been “wagon (四轮车) pullers” since the second day of kindergarten (幼儿园). They are very good at taking turns pulling or pushing the wagon. Today, a pair of twins would join my class. I asked Jason if he could be a “trainer” to train one of the twins, Bradley, to pull the wagon, if he didn’t cry in the morning so that he could be accepted by the other kids quickly.
Jason was so cute and said, “He isn’t very strong. How about if he’s a pusher, not a puller?”Very great idea by Jason! The kids took the job very seriously, and they became close friends in no time, which brought a comforting smile to my face. Jason is one of the youngest kids in my class but very kind, helpful and thoughtful!
Another student, Henry, took Nolan (Bradley’s twin) under his wing. We have our line leader and Henry is our “second in command” who helps the line leader stay focused and in line. I had Nolan be “third in command” behind Henry. From that moment on, Henry took Nolan under his wing, guiding him patiently.
After lunch, Henry told me, “I want to sit by Nolan in the wagon.” I helped seat the kids at once. Later in the day, Henry told me, “I hope Nolan gets to be the wagon puller tomorrow.” What a sweet idea! It’s so sweet to have a four-year-old boy cheering on a friend―when kids of all ages fight to be the one to pull the wagon.
It’s a kind, sweet group, and I especially loved these moments today. I emailed all the parents the sweet stories.
24. Why did the author ask Jason to train Bradley?
A. To teach Bradley a new skill.
B. To help Bradley fit in the class.
C. To prevent Bradley from crying.
D. To find more kids to pull the wagon.
25. What can we learn about Jason?
A. He enjoys following his own heart.
B. He always makes decisions by himself.
C. He is very good at making suggestions.
D. He thinks Bradley fitter to be a pusher.
26. Which of the following can best describe Henry?
A. Honest. B. Friendly. C. Confident. D. Proud.
27. What is the text mainly about?
A. A pair of twins brings happiness to class.
B. Kids show leadership through playing.
C. A teacher shares her students’ stories.
D. A teacher reports kids’ life to parents.
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过这篇文章分享他/她在幼儿园工作时班上的小孩们互帮互助的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“I asked Jason if he could be a “trainer” to train one of the twins, Bradley, to pull the wagon, if he didn’t cry in the morning so that he could be accepted by the other kids quickly.（我问杰森，如果他早上不哭的话，他是否可以成为一 名“教练”，训练双胞胎之一布拉德利拉马车，这样他就能很快被其他孩子接受）”可知，作者让杰森训练布拉德利是为了他可以尽快被孩子们接受，以便适应班级。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Jason was so cute and said, “He isn’t very strong. How about if he’s a pusher, not a puller?”（杰森很可爱，他说：“他不是很强壮。他做一个推手，而不是拉手怎么样？”）”可知，杰森认为布拉德利更适合做一个推手。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“From that moment on, Henry took Nolan under his wing, guiding him patiently.（从那一刻起，亨利开始照顾诺兰，并耐心地引导他）”推知，亨利是一个非常友好的孩子。故选B。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据主要内容，尤其最后一段“It’s a kind, sweet group, and I especially loved these moments today. I emailed all the parents the sweet stories.（这是一个善良、甜蜜的团体，我特别喜欢今天的这些时刻。我给所有的父母发了电子邮件，告诉他们这些甜蜜的故事）”可知，文章主要分享了作者在幼儿园工作时班上的小孩们互帮互助的故事。故选C。
【点睛】
C
Want to have a better sleep? You may just need more noise. While that may sound strange, it is scientifically proven that certain types of noise can help you get some sleep. Thinking of it this way: When you are lying in bed, every single noise—from the creak of the bed to a whistle in your partner’s nose—may keep you awake. But some types of noise, specifically white, pink and Brown noise, can mask these sounds, creating a more harmonious background.
White noise contains sounds of all frequencies that humans can hear. But it comes across as a high-pitched buzz. That’s because of the way your ears hear it. Basically, your brain strengthens sounds in higher pitched frequencies. So while you may be hearing sounds from a variety of frequencies, the highest ones tend to drown the lower pitched notes.
Pink noise takes the human tendency to hear only some frequencies into account and balances out the noise so that sounds of all frequencies are heard equally. The higher the frequency, the more its volume is weakened. To your ears, the sound is deeper and softer than white noise.
In a study at China's Peking University, researchers found that when participants were exposed to either pink noise or no noise during nighttime sleep and naps, 75% reported more restful sleep with the pink noise. Brain activity monitors confirmed this, showing that participants had 23% more restful brain activity at night with pink noise and 45% more restful sleep during naps.
Brown noise takes this concept to the next level, further weakening higher frequency noise to produce an even deeper and richer sound. It’s not named after the color brown but rather after the botanist Robert Brown, who in the 1800s discovered random particle motion. Brown noise is similar to random particle motion in that the changes in sound signals from one moment to the next occur randomly.
When it comes right down to it, the color of noise that will help you sleep mostly is the one you like best. While pink noise and Brown noise are deeper and more balanced than white noise, your personal sleep preferences will dictate which one gives you the best sleep.
28. How can some noise help us have a better sleep?
A. By making us think of some special colors. B. By confusing our brain with different colors.
C. By reducing the effects of disturbing sounds. D. By copying the sounds that we are familiar with.
29. What is special about white noise?
A. It sounds louder than it really is. B. It leaves low-frequency sounds out.
C. It protects ears from high-pitched sounds. D. It makes sounds of all frequencies heard equally.
30. What can we learn from Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 5?
A. Brown noise and pink noise work in a similar way.
B. Brown noise was first discovered by Robert Brown.
C. People cannot have a good sleep without pink noise.
D. People benefit more from pink noise at night than in the daytime.
31. What does the underlined word “dictate” in the last paragraph most probably mean?
A. Explain. B. Classify. C. Remind. D. Determine.
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. A 31. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了某些噪音通过减少干扰声音的影响来帮助我们睡得更好，分别介绍了白色、粉色和棕色噪音的区别和特点。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But some types of noise, specifically white, pink and Brown noise, can mask these sounds, creating a more harmonious background.(但是一些类型的噪音，特别是白色、粉色和棕色的噪音，可以掩盖这些声音，创造一个更和谐的背景)”可知，某些噪音通过减少干扰声音的影响来帮助我们睡得更好。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“White noise contains sounds of all frequencies that humans can hear. But it comes across as a high-pitched buzz. That’s because of the way your ears hear it. Basically, your brain strengthens sounds in higher pitched frequencies. So while you may be hearing sounds from a variety of frequencies, the highest ones tend to drown the lower pitched notes.(白噪声包含人类能听到的所有频率的声音。但它给人的感觉是一种尖锐的嗡嗡声。那是因为你的耳朵听到它的方式。基本上，你的大脑会强化高音频率的声音。所以，当你听到各种频率的声音时，最高的声音往往会淹没较低的音调)”可知，白噪声的特别之处是听起来比实际要响亮。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Pink noise takes the human tendency to hear only some frequencies into account and balances out the noise so that sounds of all frequencies are heard equally. The higher the frequency, the more its volume is weakened. (粉色噪音考虑了人类只听到某些频率的倾向，并平衡了噪音，使所有频率的声音都能被听到。频率越高，其音量就越弱)”以及第五段中“Brown noise takes this concept to the next level, further weakening higher frequency noise to produce an even deeper and richer sound. (棕色噪声将这一概念提升到下一个层次，进一步削弱高频噪声，从而产生更深沉、更丰富的声音)”可知，棕色噪音和粉色噪音的工作原理相似。故选A。
【31题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“When it comes right down to it, the color of noise that will help you sleep mostly is the one you like best.”以及画线词上文“your personal sleep preferences will”和后文“which one gives you the best sleep”可知，最能帮助你入睡的噪音颜色是你最喜欢的，所以你个人的睡眠喜好将决定哪一种噪音能让你获得最好的睡眠。故画线词意思是“决定”。A. Explain.解释；B. Classify.分类；C. Remind.提醒；D. Determine.决定。故选D。
D
In this modern age, most of us have forgotten to be patient and get angry very quickly over minor things like a traffic jam, a baby crying and such things. It often seems so easy to get what we want right away that when we have to wait even a little while, it seems like we are waiting for ages. We used to be happy to wait 10 - 15 minutes it took to reheat food in the oven(烤箱)，but now we’re impatient when waiting two minutes it takes in the microwave.
With the convenience provided by modern society, is patience still a virtue(美德) in the fast-paced world? To begin with, I'd like to share the meaning of the word “patience”. Generally it means being able to tolerate delay without getting impatient. However, it isn't necessarily a passive activity. It takes an active behavior, knowing when to take action and when not to.
So I would argue that patience is still -and always- a virtue. Sure, I used to be one of those who often stared at the microwave for the full two minutes it took to heat my food. And in the end， the food tasted bad. If I had had the patience to heat the food properly in the oven, I would have enjoyed a delicious meal.
Actually the benefits of patience go beyond just heating up our food. Patience is an exercise in self-control which shows that we can exercise good judgment. Lack of patience can cause us to make wrong decisions that negatively affect our health and happiness, waste our time, put us under a lot of stress and affect our relationships in a very negative way.
Everything in life happens for a reason. Sometimes we face an obstacle(障碍) because we need to grow in ways we didn't realize. It's not always obvious when that was happening, but with patience we will soon see clearly why it occurred and what we were meant to learn from it.
Taking time to think about our actions and being patient are a small price to pay when we determine the best possible solution to any problems.
32. The author uses the example of reheating food to show that_______.
A. more people lack patience now B. high technology brings more benefits
C. people have no time to enjoy the meal D. the fast-paced life makes people stressed
33. What could be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A. People under stress are more likely to get angry.
B. Patient people are less likely to meet difficulties.
C. People with self-control are easier to succeed.
D. Patient people tend to make better decisions.
34. What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 5?
A. A wise man learns from experience.
B. A brave man is not afraid of challenges.
C. A man should be patient to deal with difficulties.
D. A man should find out reasons for things occurred.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. The causes of impatience B. Is patience really a virtue?
C. Ways to exercise patience D. What does the word patience mean?
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是议论文。作者通过现代人缺乏耐心，讲述了耐心仍旧是一种美德，是处理问题，做处正确决定必须的品德，倡议人们要学会有耐心。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。上文In this modern age, most of us have forgotten to be patient and get angry very quickly over minor things like a traffic jam, a baby crying and such things.提到在这个时代，我们中的大多数人都忘记了耐心，并很快就会因为小事而生气，下文举例We used to be happy to wait 10 - 15 minutes it took to reheat food in the oven(烤箱)，but now we’re impatient when waiting two minutes it takes in the microwave.( 我们过去很高兴等待在烤箱中重新加热食物需要的10-15分钟，但现在我们等待两分钟时就不耐烦了，这是微波炉需要的时间)，因此推断作者使用加热食物的例子是为了表明现在更多的人缺乏耐心。故选A。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的Patience is an exercise in self-control which shows that we can exercise good judgment. Lack of patience can cause us to make wrong decisions(耐心是一种自我控制的锻炼，表明我们可以行使良好的判断力。缺乏耐心会导致我们做出错误的决定)可推断，有耐心的人往往会做出更好的决定。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段内容Sometimes we face an obstacle(障碍) because we need to grow in ways we didn't realize. It's not always obvious when that was happening, but with patience we will soon see clearly why it occurred and what we were meant to learn from it.( 有时我们面临一个障碍，因为我们需要以我们没有意识到的方式成长。当这种情况发生时并不总是显而易见的，但有了耐心，我们很快就会明白为什么会发生这种情况，以及我们应该从它中学到什么。)可推断，一个人应该耐心地处理困难。故选C。
35题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段作者提出现代人缺乏耐心，二、三段阐述耐心是一种美德；第四段阐述耐心的益处；第五段阐述处理困难要有耐心；第六段阐述做决定需要耐心。因此推断文章主要阐述耐心是一种美德。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
“There is nothing noble (高尚的) in being superior (优秀的) to your fellow man; true nobility is being superior to your former self.” —— Ernest Hemingway
As Hemingway says, self-improvement is a noble cause. ____36____ Much of who we are is determined by how we relate with others around us. When we seek to improve ourselves, we can also make our relationships with others better.
____37____ If you have a good self-image, then others are likely to relate to you in a positive way. When people see a self-controlled and confident individual, they are likely to be affected in a positive way. And this can result in a more optimistic and constructive relationship.
Only when you have accepted who you are can you grow. If you continuously fight against yourself, you won’t have the emotional energy you need to better yourself. If you wish to get on with people better, then you may start by accepting yourself. ____38____
If you are on a personal path that is going upwards, then you are likely to find a friend or partner who is also seeking to better themselves and their circumstances. ____39____
Focusing on your good qualities and attempting to protect and improve these characteristics will help you become a better person. ____40____ When you stop damaging who you are, you are likely to avoid ruining relationships and this can lead to longer and more meaningful connections with others.
A. Like-minded people attract one another.
B. When you feel confident, you keep calm.
C. It will also stop you from damaging yourself.
D. The way you view yourself affects how others view you.
E. This will probably help you become a successful person.
F. People like to be around individuals who like and accept themselves.
G. It can help us learn about who we are and enable us to be better people.
【答案】36. G 37. D 38. F 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章引用海明威的话说明了“优于你的同伴并不是什么高尚的事，真正的高贵是优于过去的自己”。
【36题详解】
根据上文“As Hemingway says, self-improvement is a noble cause.”（正如海明威所说，自我提升是一项崇高的事业）可知该空承接上文，说明这样做的好处。G选项“它可以帮助我们了解自己，使我们成为更好的人”切题，其中，选项中的“It”指代上文中的“self-improvement”，故选G。
【37题详解】
根据下文“If you have a good self-image, then others are likely to relate to you in a positive way.”（如果你有一个良好的自我形象，那么其他人可能会以积极的方式与你联系）可知该空引出下文，说明自我看待和别人看待之间的关系，D选项“你看待自己的方式会影响别人对你的看法”切题，其中，选项中的“The way you view yourself”对应下文中的“If you have a good self-image”，故选D 。
【38题详解】
根据上文“If you wish to get on with people better, then you may start by accepting yourself.”（如果你希望更好地与人相处，那么你可以从接受自己开始）可知该空承接上文，解释原因。F选项“人们喜欢和那些喜欢并接受自己的人在一起”切题，其中选项中的“accept themselves”对应上文中的“accepting yourself”，故选F。
【39题详解】
根据上文“If you are on a personal path that is going upwards, then you are likely to find a friend or partner who is also seeking to better themselves and their circumstances.”（如果你的个人道路是向上的，那么你可能会找到一个朋友或伴侣，他们也在寻求更好的自己和他们的环境）可知该空承接上文，进一步解释原因。A选项“志趣相投的人互相吸引”切题，其中，选项中的“Like-minded people”对应上文中的“a friend or partner who is also seeking to better themselves and their circumstances.”故选A。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Focusing on your good qualities and attempting to protect and improve these characteristics will help you become a better person.”（关注自己的好品质，努力保护和改善这些品质会帮助你成为一个更好的人）可知该空承接上文，继续说明关注自己的好品质，努力保护和改善这些品质的好处。C选项“它也会阻止你伤害自己”切题，其中，选项中的“It”指代上文提到的“Focusing on your good qualities and attempting to protect and improve these characteristics”，故选C。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I have trouble focusing on one thing at a time. I get excited about something and I’ll devote all my ____41____ to it for a couple of weeks. Then I’ll find something else that I’ll get even more excited about and focus on that ____42____. Many tasks get halfway finished and abandoned (放弃). It’s hard for me to fully ____43____ anything without setting a goal for myself. My head works better with a plan than without it.
I find this to be ____44____ for a lot of people: self- imposed (自我强加的) plans get things done more ____45____ than simply taking uninformed actions.
If your goal is to lose weight, the actions you take (what you eat, how much you exercise, the amount of sleep you get) should all be ____46____ by the desire to lose weight. If you go out there ____47____ and do what you like, you may find yourself eating a whole box of cookies, saying, “Damn, I love Oreos (奥利奥)!”
Bringing yourself back to your ____48____ is a great way to stay grounded and motivated. Whenever I’ve lost sight of my goals, I feel the difference. I feel ____49____ and bad about myself, like I’m letting myself ____50____. When I’m aiming for a goal and taking ____51____ toward it, I feel inspired.
People against goals would tell me that it’s because I set the goals in the ____52____ place that I feel guilty and bad about myself. I wonder if feeling bad about myself because I’m ____53____to live up to my full potential is such a bad thing, I think we should always ____54____ to achieve more in our lives and be ____55____ for what we have.
41. A. life B. space C. efforts D. actions
42. A. instead B. again C. indeed D. anyway
43. A. complete B. understand C. remember D. explain
44. A. necessary B. ready C. true D. fair
45. A. normally B. certainly C. regularly D. quickly
46. A. informed B. tricked C. battled D. acquired
47. A. frequently B. specially C. blindly D. directly
48. A. lessons B. goals C. tasks D. desires
49. A. guilty B. strange C. serious D. particular
50. A. around B. down C. out D. off
51. A. attitudes B. risks C. steps D. notes
52. A. first B. same C. right D. familiar
53. A. affording B. expecting C. refusing D. failing
54. A. promise B. try C. offer D. pretend
55. A. careful B. famous C. eager D. grateful
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. A 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们设定目标的重要性。如果不给自己设定目标，很难完全完成任何事情，设定目标是保持脚踏实地和积极向上的好方法。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我对某件事感到兴奋时，我会在接下来的几个星期里全力以赴。A. life生活；B. space空间；C. efforts努力；D. actions行动。根据“I get excited about something”和“devote”可知，对自己感兴趣的事情自然会尽全力去做，devote one’s efforts to do意为“全力以赴做某事”。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后我会找到其他让我更兴奋的事情，然后专注于它。A. instead代替；B. again再次；C. indeed确实；D. anyway不管怎样。根据“I’ll find something else that I’ll get even more excited about”可知，作者发现了新的更感兴趣的事情，所以新的专注点代替之前专注点。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果不给自己设定目标，很难完全完成任何事情。A. complete完成；B. understand理解；C. remember记住；D. explain解释。根据上文“Many tasks get halfway finished and abandoned”可知，如果没有目标，作者无法完成任何事情。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现很多人都是这样。A. necessary必须的；B. ready准备好的；C. true真的；D. fair公平的。结合上下文和“for a lot of people”可知，由此及彼，作者认为“如果没有目标，无法完成任何事情”这情况适用于很多人，be true for...意为“……也是这样”。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：自我设定目标比简单地采取无知的行动能更快地完成任务。A. normally正常；B. certainly确定；C. regularly定期地；D. quickly迅速地。根据上文“It’s hard for me to fully 3 anything without setting a goal for myself. ”可知，没有设定目标就很难完成任务，所以作者认为“self- imposed (自我强加的) plans”比“simply taking uninformed actions”高效，设定了目标就能更快完成任务。故选D项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你的目标是减肥，你所采取的行动(你吃什么，做多少运动，睡多久)都应该由减肥的愿望决定。A. informed对……有影响，通知；B. tricked欺骗；C. battled搏斗；D. acquired取得。根据上文“self- imposed (自我强加的) plans get things done more 5 than simply taking uninformed actions.”可知，做事情要明确目标，所以减肥行动应受减肥的愿望影响，目的要明确。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你盲目地去做你喜欢的事情，你可能会发现自己吃了一整盒饼干，说：“该死，我爱奥利奥!”。A. frequently频繁地；B. specially特意；C. blindly盲目地；D. directly直接地。根据“do what you like”可知，目标不明确，随意，盲目。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：让自己回到目标上来是保持脚踏实地和积极向上的好方法。A. lessons课程；B. goals目标；C. tasks任务；D. desires欲望。根据上文可知，作者一直强调目标(goals)的重要性，所以句中仍然是指回到目标上来。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我自己感到内疚和懊悔，就像我让自己失望了一样。A. guilty内疚的；B. strange陌生的；C. serious严肃的；D. particular特别的。根据下文“People against goals would tell me that it’s because I set the goals in the 12 place that I feel guilty and bad about myself.”可知，没有目标让作者感到内疚和懊悔。故选A项。
50题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我自己感到内疚和懊悔，就像我让自己失望了一样。A. around围绕；B. down向下；C. out向外；D. off离开。失去目标让作者感到内疚和懊悔，觉得自己让自己失望(let sb.down)。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我瞄准一个目标并朝着它前进时，我感到鼓舞。A. attitudes态度；B. risks风险；C. steps步子；D. notes注释。根据“toward it”可知，句中指朝目标前行，take steps towards...意为“朝着……前进”。故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：反对设置目标的人会告诉我，正是因为我首先设定了目标，我才会对自己感到内疚和不满。A. first第一；B. same相同的；C. right正确的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文可知，作者认为我们需要事先制定目标，in the first palce为固定短语，意为“首先”。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道，因为我没有充分发挥我的潜力而对自己不满意是不是一件坏事，我认为我们应该一直努力在我们的生活中取得更多的成就，并对我们所拥有的心存感激。A. affording买得起；B. expecting期待；C. refusing拒绝；D. failing失败。根据句中“feeling bad about myself”可知，作者假设自己没有(fail to do)充分发挥潜力。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道，因为我没有充分发挥我的潜力而对自己不满意是不是一件坏事，我认为我们应该一直努力在我们的生活中取得更多的成就，并对我们所拥有的心存感激。A. promise保证；B. try尝试；C. offer提供；D. pretend假装。根据“to achieve more in our lives”可知，作者是在激励自己，要努力(try to do)去取得更多的成就。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想知道，因为我没有充分发挥我的潜力而对自己不满意是不是一件坏事，我认为我们应该一直努力在我们的生活中取得更多的成就，并对我们所拥有的心存感激。A. careful仔细的；B. famous著名的；C. eager迫切的；D. grateful感激的。根据“for what we have”可知，作者是表达要对现在拥有的心存感激。故选D项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Not having breakfast could raise your risk of heart disease by 87 percent, according to a scientific study.
Researchers analyzed 18 years of data on 6, 550 people over forty ___56___ had no history of heart disease. Respondents (被调查者) ___57___ (give) regular surveys, which included the question: How often do you eat breakfast? Most (59 percent) ate breakfast every day, ___58___ 5.1 percent never did. 10.9 percent rarely did, and 25 percent would skip a few days.
The team found ___59___ clear link between breakfast habits and the risk of heart disease. Those who didn’t eat in the morning were up to 87 percent ___60___ (much) likely to develop heart disease.
“Breakfast is believed to be an important meal of the day, but there ___61___ (be) an increase of going without breakfast over the past 50 years, with as many as 23.8 percent of young people ___62___ (skip) breakfast every day,” the authors write.
The team pointed out a few bad ___63___ (effect) of not having breakfast. First, those who don’t eat breakfast may end up snacking ___64___ (healthy). Second, going without breakfast may lead to high blood pressure. The findings, ____65____ (publish) on the American College of Cardiology, came days after a similar study showing people who skip breakfast are less likely to survive a heart attack.
【答案】56. who##that
57. were given
58. but 59. a
60. more 61. has been
62. skipping
63. effects
64. unhealthily
65. published
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项科学研究表明，不吃早餐会使你患心脏病风险增加87%。
【56题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：研究人员分析了6550名40岁以上无心脏病史的人18年的数据。分析句子可知，6, 550 people为先行词，作定语从句的主语，关系代词为who或者that。故填who/that。
【57题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：受访者定期接受调查，其中包括这样一个问题:你多久吃一次早餐? 本句在描述过去发生的事情，句子为一般过去时，主语Respondents与谓语give为被动关系，所以本句为一般现在时的被动语态。故填were given。
【58题详解】
考查连词。句意：大多数人(59%)每天吃早餐，但5.1%的人从不吃早餐。根据句意可知，前后句为转折关系。故填but。
【59题详解】
考查冠词。句意：研究小组发现，吃早餐的习惯与患心脏病的风险之间存在一个明显的联系。link为可数名词， 泛指“一个明显的联系 ”，clear首字母为辅音音素，冠词为a。故填a。
【60题详解】
考查比较级。句意：那些早上不吃东西的人患心脏病的可能性要高出87%。根据句意可知，存在着比较的含义，likely的比较级为more likely。故填more。
【61题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：作者写道:“早餐被认为是一天中的重要一餐，但在过去50年里，不吃早餐的人数在增加，多达23.8%的年轻人每天都不吃早餐。”根据“over the past 50 years,”可知，本句为现在完成时，an increase of going without breakfast为主语。故填has been。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：作者写道:“早餐被认为是一天中的重要一餐，但在过去50年里，不吃早餐的人数在增加，多达23.8%的年轻人每天都不吃早餐。” young people 与skip在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填skipping。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意：研究小组指出了不吃早餐的几个不良影响。effect为可数名词，且有a few修饰，所以用复数effects。故填effects。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意：首先，那些不吃早餐的人可能会不健康地吃零食。副词修饰动词，在结合句意可知，为unhealthily。 故填unhealthily。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：几天前，一项类似的研究显示，不吃早餐的人更不可能在心脏病发作后幸存下来。这项发现发表在《美国心脏病学会》志上。本句已经有谓语动词came，所以空处应填非谓语动词，The findings与publish在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。 故填published。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文（满分15分）
66. 假如你是李华，收到美国笔友Jack的来信。信中就“是否应该每天腾出时间阅读经典”和你交流观点。请你用英语给他回信，分享你的观点。要点包含：
1. 阐明你的观点;
2. 简述你的理由（至少两点）。
注意：1. 词数80左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2. 开头和结尾不计入总词数。
Dear Jack，
Glad to receive your letter asking for my opinion on classic reading.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
Glad to receive your letter asking for my opinion on classic reading. I’m totally in favor of reading classics every day.
The benefits are obvious. First of all, reading classics with abundant and various expressions is beneficial to writing. What’s more, reading classics deepens our understanding of history and broadens our horizons by communicating with great minds in them. Additionally, we can also acquire the wisdom of previous generations, contributing to our personal growth.
In summary, I think it is necessary to spare some time for classic reading. Hoping you will fall in love with classics.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国笔友Jack回信，就“是否应该每天腾出时间阅读经典”分享自己的观点，并简述理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
赞成：be for→be in favor of
各种各样的：a variety of →various
获得：gain→acquire
从前的：former→previous
2.句型拓展
合并简单句
原句：I’m totally in favor of reading classics every day.The benefits are obvious.
拓展句：I’m totally in favor of reading classics every day, the benefits of which are obvious.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Additionally, we can also acquire the wisdom of previous generations, contributing to our personal growth.（句中运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]First of all, reading classics with abundant and various expressions is beneficial to writing. （句中运用了动名词作主语）
第二节 概要写作（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
There are a lot of things to do with old books that you no longer want, depending on their condition. You might choose to sell them to a bookstore, pass them on to friends, or simply throw them out if they are in poor shape.
When you decide to deal with old books, check their condition first. If it is an old book with a torn cover and pages, sell it to the recycle bin. If the book is a hardcover (精装书) and the cover is still in good shape, sell it to a used bookstore or donate (捐赠) it to a charity.
When selling old books to a bookstore, you should know that book buyers are often looking for something special. It is important to know the content of old books if you are taking them to a bookstore. Fiction is usually good, but travel guides are not. If you want to donate old books to a charity, avoid donating books that are in truly poor condition. If a book is dirty or missing the cover, the charity cannot sell it or give it out. Most charities also prefer that you enter the charity with your donation.
You may also want to consider exchanging books with friends. You just need to place a shelf of old books that you don’t want by the door, and encourage your friends to take books that look interesting. If your entire social network follows this practice, a mobile library of old books can be formed. You can also have a book swap party, where everyone brings a box of old books for other people to look through. After the book swap, box up the rest of the books and donate them to a charity.
【答案】There are many ways to deal with old books according to their condition (要点1). If they are in poor condition, sell them to the recycle bin or throw them away directly(要点2) . However, if they are still in good shape, sell them to a used bookstore which may need interesting ones or donate them to a charity(要点3、4). In addition, we can exchange books with friends by placing a shelf or holding a book swap party(要点5).
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是处理旧书的一些方法。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①There are a lot of things to do with old books that you no longer want, depending on their condition. ②You might choose to sell them to a bookstore, pass them on to friends, or simply throw them out if they are in poor shape. If it is an old book with a torn cover and pages, sell it to the recycle bin.
③If the book is a hardcover (精装书) and the cover is still in good shape, sell it to a used bookstore or donate (捐赠) it to a charity. When selling old books to a bookstore, you should know that book buyers are often looking for something special.
④You may also want to consider exchanging books with friends. You just need to place a shelf of old books that you don’t want by the door, and encourage your friends to take books that look interesting.
⑤You can also have a book swap party, where everyone brings a box of old books for other people to look through.
2.缜密构思
将第2个要点进行重组，将第4、5两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
There are many ways to deal with old books according to their condition. If they are in poor condition, sell them to the recycle bin or throw them away directly. However, if they are still in good shape, sell them to a used bookstore which may need interesting ones or donate them to a charity. In addition, we can exchange books with friends by placing a shelf or holding a book swap party.
【点睛】[高分句型1]However, if they are still in good shape, sell them to a used bookstore which may need interesting ones or donate them to a charity.（运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第二段和第三段进行了概括。其中which引导的定语从句表达高级）
[高分句型2]In addition, we can exchange books with friends by placing a shelf or holding a book swap party.(用动名词作宾语对最后一段进行了概括，表达非常高级)
2021-2022学年江苏省南京市六校高一上学期12月联合调研考试英语试卷
第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much was the TV set?
A. $60. B. $120. C. $90.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I suppose your second hand TV set cost about $60.
W: Sixty? Actually it was double that price.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man mean?
A. Tom was talking with the postman.
B. Tom was running around the corner.
C. Tom was helping the postman with his work.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I saw Tom around the corner just now. Guess what he was doing.
M: I am sure he was chatting with the postman. He seems to like the postman very much.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man want to do?
A. Buy a fan. B. Use electricity. C. Cool himself down.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Gee, it’ s so hot here. Does anyone know where the fan is?
W: No use. The fan is OK, but there’s no electricity.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why did the boss criticize Joseph?
A. He was late for work.
B. He quarreled with the man speaker.
C. He criticized the man speaker too seriously.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I heard that Joseph quarrelled with the boss this morning. Do you know what happened?
M: I would also have quarrelled with the boss if he had criticized me so seriously for being two minutes late.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who is Fiona?
A. The woman speaker. B. Thompson’s sister. C. Daisy’s sister
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, Daisy. Are you sure that Thompson is in hospital?
W: His sister Fiona told me that. She is going to the hospital to see him.
M: Do you think I can go with her?
W: I don’t know. Why not ask her yourself?
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What was the weather like last week?
A. Too warm. B. Nice and sunny. C. Neither hot nor cold.
7. What season is it now?
A. Summer. B. Winter. C. Autumn.
8. What does the man think the weather will be like this weekend?
A. He thinks it’ll rain.
B. He thinks it’ll be cloudy.
C. He doesn’t think it’ll rain.
【答案】6. A 7. C 8. A
【解析】
【原文】M: It’s a beautiful day, isn’t it?
W: Yes,nice and sunny.
M: It’s much better than last week. It was too warm then.
W: I’m glad summer is over. I like autumn best.
M: So do I. It’s neither too hot nor too cold. The sky is clear and blue.
W: It’s a good time to have a picnic. Do you want to have one this weekend?
M: I’d love to but I think it’s going to rain. The weatherman said it will.
W: I don’t think he’s right. It hasn’t rained for a week.
M: But he is usually right in his weather news.
W: I’m sure we’ll have fine weather for our picnic.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
9. What can we know about the singing group?
A. It’s made up of 15 girls.
B. It practices once every other week.
C. Every member comes on time for each practice.
10. What is the singing group doing these days?
A. Writing a new song.
B. Practicing eight songs.
C. Practicing for a school show.
11. What can we know about the new song?
A. Its name is Sundays.
B. It’s written by a famous musician.
C. It’s written by a singer of the group.
【答案】9. C 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【原文】M: What do you usually do in your spare time?
W: I have joined a singing group and we practice two afternoons each week.
M: That’s a very interesting thing to do.
W: Yes.It’s a small group of only fifteen girls and boys. But nobody has been late for the practice.
M: I see. How many songs can you sing now?
W: We started only three months ago, but we’ve practiced eight songs.
M: Are you going to perform any time?
W: Yes,there will be a school show next month and we are going to sing a song in it. We are practicing a new song now. It’s written by one of the singers in our group.
M: Really? What’s the name of the song?
W: Sunny Days.
M: That’s a nice name. I hope to listen to it soon. Can I visit you when you practice?
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
12. What is the father reading at the beginning of the conversation?
A. A novel. B. A newspaper. C. A magazine.
13. What kind of book does the girl want to read?
A. A book on dolls.
B. A book about animals.
C. A book about candy and cookies.
14. What does the girl’s teacher say about reading?
A. The girl should read books every day.
B. The girl can borrow books from the library.
C. The girl should read at least ten books a night.
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Dad, will you read to me?
M: Uh, let me finish the newspaper first.
W: You’ve been saying that forever!
M: Well, how about reading the business section of the newspaper together?
W: That’s boring. Let’s read this book. It’s about a bear and a cat that become friends.
M: Okay.
W: And these books too.
M: Whoa. I thought you said one book. There must be ten here.
W: My teacher, Mrs. Green, says you have to read to me every night, and the newspaper doesn’t count. And let’s eat some popcorn and cookies while we’re reading.
M: Well, it’s bedtime right now. So, Okay, here we go. Once upon a time in a deep, dark forest, lived a brown bear...
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
15. Where are they planning to go in the morning?
A. To a zoo. B. To an art museum. C. To the seashore.
16. Why does the woman want to go shopping instead?
A. To buy some clothes.
B. To meet her friend there.
C. To buy a gift for her friend.
17. What are they talking about?
A. A city guide. B. A shopping center. C. A travel plan.
【答案】15. B 16. A 17. C
【解析】
【原文】M: So,what do you want to do tomorrow?
W: Well,let’s look at this city guide here. Uh, here’s something interesting. Why don’t we first visit the Art Museum in the morning?
M: Okay. I like that idea. And where do you want to have lunch?
W: How about going to an Indian restaurant? The guide recommends one downtown a few blocks from the museum.
M: Now that sounds great. After that, what do you think about visiting the zoo? Well, it says here there are some very unique animals not found anywhere else.
W: Well,to tell the truth, I’m not really interested in going there. Why don’t we go shopping instead? There are supposed to be some really nice places to pick up some bargain clothes.
M: Nah,I don’t think that’s a good idea. We only have a few traveler’s checks left. And I only have fifty dollars left in cash.
W: No problem. We can use YOUR credit card to pay.
M: Oh. No.I remember the last time you used MY credit card for YOUR new clothes.
W: Oh well. Let’s take the subway down to the seashore and walk along the beach.
M: Now that sounds like a wonderful plan.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. How you decide what to buy in a supermarket.
B. How a supermarket makes people spend more.
C. Who decides how much to spend in a supermarket.
19. Why does the food that everybody must buy spread all over the store?
A. To provide a good service.
B. To lead customers to all sections of the store.
C. To make it easy for customers to locate the food.
20. How much do people spend after they have been in a store for 30 minutes?
A. 1,500 cents in total. B. 40 cents each minute. C. Five dollars each minute.
【答案】18. B 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【原文】How do you decide what you are going to buy in a supermarket? Do you look in the refrigerator and make a list? Do you think about what you want to cook and then buy the food you need? Even if you do these things, the supermarket makes some of the decisions for you. There are some people who have studied how to make people buy more food in a supermarket. They do all kinds of things that you do not even notice. For example: 1. The food that everybody must buy, like bread, milk and vegetables, is spread all over the store. You have to walk to find these things. 2. The expensive food is in packages with brightly colored pictures. It is put at eye level, and so when you see it you want to buy it. 3. The things that you have to buy anyway are usually put on a higher or lower shelf. 4. However, candy and other things children like are on lower shelves. Studies showed that after a person has been in a supermarket for 30 minutes, she or he spends 50 cents every minute. For example, if someone stays 40 minutes, the supermarket has 5 dollars more. So the store has a comfortable temperature in summer and in winter, and it plays soft music. It is a pleasant place for people to stay and spend more money. So be careful in the supermarket. You may go home with a bag of food you were not planning to buy. The supermarket, not you, decided you should buy it.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
If you are a sci-fi movie fan, there are some sci-fi films that are worth seeing.
Stowaway
Stowaway is the story of a mission to Mars and a spaceship that has too many passengers. With the journey planned for only a certain number of people, well, you can see where this is headed. This sci-fi movie directed by Joe Penna takes us on a journey we will be able to risk.
Robopocalypse
David H. Wilson, author of 2011’s Robopocalypse, has been compared to sci-fi writers like Michael Crichton and Robert A. Heinlein. The film tells the story of a robot named AIX in the near future. It has the face of a pure (纯真的) child, but its heart is not pure. One day, he took control of the global network and directed the machines and weapons (武器) made by human beings to fight against human beings. Steven Spielberg was in charge of this film for years until it changed hands in 2017 to director Michael Bay.
Voyagers
The biggest problem with space travel is the long distance. In Voyagers, 30 men and women go on a multi-generational voyage in search of a new home. The mission gradually gets into madness. The people don’t know if the real threat they face is what’s outside the ship or who they’re becoming inside it. The film’s director Neil Burger describes the film as Lord of the Flies for a new generation.
After Yang
Based on Alexander Weinstein’s short story Saying Goodbye to Yang, this film is set in the future where robotic children help raise human children as live-in help. But when one robotic family member, Yang, becomes non-responsive, a father and daughter will do everything they can to save its life. Starring Collin Ferrell and directed by Kogonada (director of Columbus), this could be one of the smartest sci-fi films.
21. Which movie is your best choice if you like Joe Penna?
A. Stowaway. B. Robopocalypse.
C. Voyagers. D. After Yang.
22. What is the journey in Voyagers like?
A. Safe. B. Boring C. Unpleasant. D. Tiring.
23. What do Robopocalypse and After Yang have in common?
A. They both tell a story about a robot.
B. They both mention a mission in space.
C. They are both smart sci-fi films of the year.
D. They are both based on a full-length novel.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文。文章推荐了4部值得一看的科幻电影。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Stowaway部分中“This sci-fi movie directed by Joe Penna takes us on a journey we will be able to risk. (这部由乔·潘纳执导的科幻电影带我们踏上了一段我们可以冒险的旅程)”可知，喜欢Joe Penna的人可以去看他执导的Stowaway。 故选A项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据Voyagers部分中“The mission gradually gets into madness. The people don’t know if the real threat they face is what’s outside the ship or who they’re becoming inside it. (任务逐渐陷入疯狂。人们不知道他们面临的真正威胁是船外的东西还是他们在里面会变成什么人) ”可推知，在Voyagers号中的人陷入了疯狂，迷失了自己，所以这一旅程是不愉快的。故选C项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Robopocalypse部分中“The film tells the story of a robot named AIX in the near future.(这部电影讲述了一个在不久的将来名叫AIX的机器人的故事)”和After Yang部分中“Based on Alexander Weinstein’s short story Saying Goodbye to Yang, this film is set in the future where robotic children help raise human children as live-in help. (这部电影改编自亚历山大·温斯坦的短篇小说《向杨告别》，故事发生在未来，机器人儿童作为住家帮手帮助抚养人类儿童) ”可知，两部电影都是关于机器人的故事。故选A项。
B
Jason and Henry have been “wagon (四轮车) pullers” since the second day of kindergarten (幼儿园). They are very good at taking turns pulling or pushing the wagon. Today, a pair of twins would join my class. I asked Jason if he could be a “trainer” to train one of the twins, Bradley, to pull the wagon, if he didn’t cry in the morning so that he could be accepted by the other kids quickly.
Jason was so cute and said, “He isn’t very strong. How about if he’s a pusher, not a puller?”Very great idea by Jason! The kids took the job very seriously, and they became close friends in no time, which brought a comforting smile to my face. Jason is one of the youngest kids in my class but very kind, helpful and thoughtful!
Another student, Henry, took Nolan (Bradley’s twin) under his wing. We have our line leader and Henry is our “second in command” who helps the line leader stay focused and in line. I had Nolan be “third in command” behind Henry. From that moment on, Henry took Nolan under his wing, guiding him patiently.
After lunch, Henry told me, “I want to sit by Nolan in the wagon.” I helped seat the kids at once. Later in the day, Henry told me, “I hope Nolan gets to be the wagon puller tomorrow.” What a sweet idea! It’s so sweet to have a four-year-old boy cheering on a friend―when kids of all ages fight to be the one to pull the wagon.
It’s a kind, sweet group, and I especially loved these moments today. I emailed all the parents the sweet stories.
24. Why did the author ask Jason to train Bradley?
A. To teach Bradley a new skill.
B. To help Bradley fit in the class.
C. To prevent Bradley from crying.
D. To find more kids to pull the wagon.
25. What can we learn about Jason?
A. He enjoys following his own heart.
B. He always makes decisions by himself.
C. He is very good at making suggestions.
D. He thinks Bradley fitter to be a pusher.
26. Which of the following can best describe Henry?
A. Honest. B. Friendly. C. Confident. D. Proud.
27. What is the text mainly about?
A. A pair of twins brings happiness to class.
B. Kids show leadership through playing.
C. A teacher shares her students’ stories.
D. A teacher reports kids’ life to parents.
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过这篇文章分享他/她在幼儿园工作时班上的小孩们互帮互助的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“I asked Jason if he could be a “trainer” to train one of the twins, Bradley, to pull the wagon, if he didn’t cry in the morning so that he could be accepted by the other kids quickly.（我问杰森，如果他早上不哭的话，他是否可以成为一 名“教练”，训练双胞胎之一布拉德利拉马车，这样他就能很快被其他孩子接受）”可知，作者让杰森训练布拉德利是为了他可以尽快被孩子们接受，以便适应班级。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Jason was so cute and said, “He isn’t very strong. How about if he’s a pusher, not a puller?”（杰森很可爱，他说：“他不是很强壮。他做一个推手，而不是拉手怎么样？”）”可知，杰森认为布拉德利更适合做一个推手。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“From that moment on, Henry took Nolan under his wing, guiding him patiently.（从那一刻起，亨利开始照顾诺兰，并耐心地引导他）”推知，亨利是一个非常友好的孩子。故选B。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据主要内容，尤其最后一段“It’s a kind, sweet group, and I especially loved these moments today. I emailed all the parents the sweet stories.（这是一个善良、甜蜜的团体，我特别喜欢今天的这些时刻。我给所有的父母发了电子邮件，告诉他们这些甜蜜的故事）”可知，文章主要分享了作者在幼儿园工作时班上的小孩们互帮互助的故事。故选C。
【点睛】
C
Want to have a better sleep? You may just need more noise. While that may sound strange, it is scientifically proven that certain types of noise can help you get some sleep. Thinking of it this way: When you are lying in bed, every single noise—from the creak of the bed to a whistle in your partner’s nose—may keep you awake. But some types of noise, specifically white, pink and Brown noise, can mask these sounds, creating a more harmonious background.
White noise contains sounds of all frequencies that humans can hear. But it comes across as a high-pitched buzz. That’s because of the way your ears hear it. Basically, your brain strengthens sounds in higher pitched frequencies. So while you may be hearing sounds from a variety of frequencies, the highest ones tend to drown the lower pitched notes.
Pink noise takes the human tendency to hear only some frequencies into account and balances out the noise so that sounds of all frequencies are heard equally. The higher the frequency, the more its volume is weakened. To your ears, the sound is deeper and softer than white noise.
In a study at China's Peking University, researchers found that when participants were exposed to either pink noise or no noise during nighttime sleep and naps, 75% reported more restful sleep with the pink noise. Brain activity monitors confirmed this, showing that participants had 23% more restful brain activity at night with pink noise and 45% more restful sleep during naps.
Brown noise takes this concept to the next level, further weakening higher frequency noise to produce an even deeper and richer sound. It’s not named after the color brown but rather after the botanist Robert Brown, who in the 1800s discovered random particle motion. Brown noise is similar to random particle motion in that the changes in sound signals from one moment to the next occur randomly.
When it comes right down to it, the color of noise that will help you sleep mostly is the one you like best. While pink noise and Brown noise are deeper and more balanced than white noise, your personal sleep preferences will dictate which one gives you the best sleep.
28. How can some noise help us have a better sleep?
A. By making us think of some special colors. B. By confusing our brain with different colors.
C. By reducing the effects of disturbing sounds. D. By copying the sounds that we are familiar with.
29. What is special about white noise?
A. It sounds louder than it really is. B. It leaves low-frequency sounds out.
C. It protects ears from high-pitched sounds. D. It makes sounds of all frequencies heard equally.
30. What can we learn from Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 5?
A. Brown noise and pink noise work in a similar way.
B. Brown noise was first discovered by Robert Brown.
C. People cannot have a good sleep without pink noise.
D. People benefit more from pink noise at night than in the daytime.
31. What does the underlined word “dictate” in the last paragraph most probably mean?
A. Explain. B. Classify. C. Remind. D. Determine.
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. A 31. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了某些噪音通过减少干扰声音的影响来帮助我们睡得更好，分别介绍了白色、粉色和棕色噪音的区别和特点。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But some types of noise, specifically white, pink and Brown noise, can mask these sounds, creating a more harmonious background.(但是一些类型的噪音，特别是白色、粉色和棕色的噪音，可以掩盖这些声音，创造一个更和谐的背景)”可知，某些噪音通过减少干扰声音的影响来帮助我们睡得更好。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“White noise contains sounds of all frequencies that humans can hear. But it comes across as a high-pitched buzz. That’s because of the way your ears hear it. Basically, your brain strengthens sounds in higher pitched frequencies. So while you may be hearing sounds from a variety of frequencies, the highest ones tend to drown the lower pitched notes.(白噪声包含人类能听到的所有频率的声音。但它给人的感觉是一种尖锐的嗡嗡声。那是因为你的耳朵听到它的方式。基本上，你的大脑会强化高音频率的声音。所以，当你听到各种频率的声音时，最高的声音往往会淹没较低的音调)”可知，白噪声的特别之处是听起来比实际要响亮。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Pink noise takes the human tendency to hear only some frequencies into account and balances out the noise so that sounds of all frequencies are heard equally. The higher the frequency, the more its volume is weakened. (粉色噪音考虑了人类只听到某些频率的倾向，并平衡了噪音，使所有频率的声音都能被听到。频率越高，其音量就越弱)”以及第五段中“Brown noise takes this concept to the next level, further weakening higher frequency noise to produce an even deeper and richer sound. (棕色噪声将这一概念提升到下一个层次，进一步削弱高频噪声，从而产生更深沉、更丰富的声音)”可知，棕色噪音和粉色噪音的工作原理相似。故选A。
【31题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“When it comes right down to it, the color of noise that will help you sleep mostly is the one you like best.”以及画线词上文“your personal sleep preferences will”和后文“which one gives you the best sleep”可知，最能帮助你入睡的噪音颜色是你最喜欢的，所以你个人的睡眠喜好将决定哪一种噪音能让你获得最好的睡眠。故画线词意思是“决定”。A. Explain.解释；B. Classify.分类；C. Remind.提醒；D. Determine.决定。故选D。
D
In this modern age, most of us have forgotten to be patient and get angry very quickly over minor things like a traffic jam, a baby crying and such things. It often seems so easy to get what we want right away that when we have to wait even a little while, it seems like we are waiting for ages. We used to be happy to wait 10 - 15 minutes it took to reheat food in the oven(烤箱)，but now we’re impatient when waiting two minutes it takes in the microwave.
With the convenience provided by modern society, is patience still a virtue(美德) in the fast-paced world? To begin with, I'd like to share the meaning of the word “patience”. Generally it means being able to tolerate delay without getting impatient. However, it isn't necessarily a passive activity. It takes an active behavior, knowing when to take action and when not to.
So I would argue that patience is still -and always- a virtue. Sure, I used to be one of those who often stared at the microwave for the full two minutes it took to heat my food. And in the end， the food tasted bad. If I had had the patience to heat the food properly in the oven, I would have enjoyed a delicious meal.
Actually the benefits of patience go beyond just heating up our food. Patience is an exercise in self-control which shows that we can exercise good judgment. Lack of patience can cause us to make wrong decisions that negatively affect our health and happiness, waste our time, put us under a lot of stress and affect our relationships in a very negative way.
Everything in life happens for a reason. Sometimes we face an obstacle(障碍) because we need to grow in ways we didn't realize. It's not always obvious when that was happening, but with patience we will soon see clearly why it occurred and what we were meant to learn from it.
Taking time to think about our actions and being patient are a small price to pay when we determine the best possible solution to any problems.
32. The author uses the example of reheating food to show that_______.
A. more people lack patience now B. high technology brings more benefits
C. people have no time to enjoy the meal D. the fast-paced life makes people stressed
33. What could be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A. People under stress are more likely to get angry.
B. Patient people are less likely to meet difficulties.
C. People with self-control are easier to succeed.
D. Patient people tend to make better decisions.
34. What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 5?
A. A wise man learns from experience.
B. A brave man is not afraid of challenges.
C. A man should be patient to deal with difficulties.
D. A man should find out reasons for things occurred.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. The causes of impatience B. Is patience really a virtue?
C. Ways to exercise patience D. What does the word patience mean?
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是议论文。作者通过现代人缺乏耐心，讲述了耐心仍旧是一种美德，是处理问题，做处正确决定必须的品德，倡议人们要学会有耐心。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。上文In this modern age, most of us have forgotten to be patient and get angry very quickly over minor things like a traffic jam, a baby crying and such things.提到在这个时代，我们中的大多数人都忘记了耐心，并很快就会因为小事而生气，下文举例We used to be happy to wait 10 - 15 minutes it took to reheat food in the oven(烤箱)，but now we’re impatient when waiting two minutes it takes in the microwave.( 我们过去很高兴等待在烤箱中重新加热食物需要的10-15分钟，但现在我们等待两分钟时就不耐烦了，这是微波炉需要的时间)，因此推断作者使用加热食物的例子是为了表明现在更多的人缺乏耐心。故选A。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的Patience is an exercise in self-control which shows that we can exercise good judgment. Lack of patience can cause us to make wrong decisions(耐心是一种自我控制的锻炼，表明我们可以行使良好的判断力。缺乏耐心会导致我们做出错误的决定)可推断，有耐心的人往往会做出更好的决定。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段内容Sometimes we face an obstacle(障碍) because we need to grow in ways we didn't realize. It's not always obvious when that was happening, but with patience we will soon see clearly why it occurred and what we were meant to learn from it.( 有时我们面临一个障碍，因为我们需要以我们没有意识到的方式成长。当这种情况发生时并不总是显而易见的，但有了耐心，我们很快就会明白为什么会发生这种情况，以及我们应该从它中学到什么。)可推断，一个人应该耐心地处理困难。故选C。
35题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段作者提出现代人缺乏耐心，二、三段阐述耐心是一种美德；第四段阐述耐心的益处；第五段阐述处理困难要有耐心；第六段阐述做决定需要耐心。因此推断文章主要阐述耐心是一种美德。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
“There is nothing noble (高尚的) in being superior (优秀的) to your fellow man; true nobility is being superior to your former self.” —— Ernest Hemingway
As Hemingway says, self-improvement is a noble cause. ____36____ Much of who we are is determined by how we relate with others around us. When we seek to improve ourselves, we can also make our relationships with others better.
____37____ If you have a good self-image, then others are likely to relate to you in a positive way. When people see a self-controlled and confident individual, they are likely to be affected in a positive way. And this can result in a more optimistic and constructive relationship.
Only when you have accepted who you are can you grow. If you continuously fight against yourself, you won’t have the emotional energy you need to better yourself. If you wish to get on with people better, then you may start by accepting yourself. ____38____
If you are on a personal path that is going upwards, then you are likely to find a friend or partner who is also seeking to better themselves and their circumstances. ____39____
Focusing on your good qualities and attempting to protect and improve these characteristics will help you become a better person. ____40____ When you stop damaging who you are, you are likely to avoid ruining relationships and this can lead to longer and more meaningful connections with others.
A. Like-minded people attract one another.
B. When you feel confident, you keep calm.
C. It will also stop you from damaging yourself.
D. The way you view yourself affects how others view you.
E. This will probably help you become a successful person.
F. People like to be around individuals who like and accept themselves.
G. It can help us learn about who we are and enable us to be better people.
【答案】36. G 37. D 38. F 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章引用海明威的话说明了“优于你的同伴并不是什么高尚的事，真正的高贵是优于过去的自己”。
【36题详解】
根据上文“As Hemingway says, self-improvement is a noble cause.”（正如海明威所说，自我提升是一项崇高的事业）可知该空承接上文，说明这样做的好处。G选项“它可以帮助我们了解自己，使我们成为更好的人”切题，其中，选项中的“It”指代上文中的“self-improvement”，故选G。
【37题详解】
根据下文“If you have a good self-image, then others are likely to relate to you in a positive way.”（如果你有一个良好的自我形象，那么其他人可能会以积极的方式与你联系）可知该空引出下文，说明自我看待和别人看待之间的关系，D选项“你看待自己的方式会影响别人对你的看法”切题，其中，选项中的“The way you view yourself”对应下文中的“If you have a good self-image”，故选D 。
【38题详解】
根据上文“If you wish to get on with people better, then you may start by accepting yourself.”（如果你希望更好地与人相处，那么你可以从接受自己开始）可知该空承接上文，解释原因。F选项“人们喜欢和那些喜欢并接受自己的人在一起”切题，其中选项中的“accept themselves”对应上文中的“accepting yourself”，故选F。
【39题详解】
根据上文“If you are on a personal path that is going upwards, then you are likely to find a friend or partner who is also seeking to better themselves and their circumstances.”（如果你的个人道路是向上的，那么你可能会找到一个朋友或伴侣，他们也在寻求更好的自己和他们的环境）可知该空承接上文，进一步解释原因。A选项“志趣相投的人互相吸引”切题，其中，选项中的“Like-minded people”对应上文中的“a friend or partner who is also seeking to better themselves and their circumstances.”故选A。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Focusing on your good qualities and attempting to protect and improve these characteristics will help you become a better person.”（关注自己的好品质，努力保护和改善这些品质会帮助你成为一个更好的人）可知该空承接上文，继续说明关注自己的好品质，努力保护和改善这些品质的好处。C选项“它也会阻止你伤害自己”切题，其中，选项中的“It”指代上文提到的“Focusing on your good qualities and attempting to protect and improve these characteristics”，故选C。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I have trouble focusing on one thing at a time. I get excited about something and I’ll devote all my ____41____ to it for a couple of weeks. Then I’ll find something else that I’ll get even more excited about and focus on that ____42____. Many tasks get halfway finished and abandoned (放弃). It’s hard for me to fully ____43____ anything without setting a goal for myself. My head works better with a plan than without it.
I find this to be ____44____ for a lot of people: self- imposed (自我强加的) plans get things done more ____45____ than simply taking uninformed actions.
If your goal is to lose weight, the actions you take (what you eat, how much you exercise, the amount of sleep you get) should all be ____46____ by the desire to lose weight. If you go out there ____47____ and do what you like, you may find yourself eating a whole box of cookies, saying, “Damn, I love Oreos (奥利奥)!”
Bringing yourself back to your ____48____ is a great way to stay grounded and motivated. Whenever I’ve lost sight of my goals, I feel the difference. I feel ____49____ and bad about myself, like I’m letting myself ____50____. When I’m aiming for a goal and taking ____51____ toward it, I feel inspired.
People against goals would tell me that it’s because I set the goals in the ____52____ place that I feel guilty and bad about myself. I wonder if feeling bad about myself because I’m ____53____to live up to my full potential is such a bad thing, I think we should always ____54____ to achieve more in our lives and be ____55____ for what we have.
41. A. life B. space C. efforts D. actions
42. A. instead B. again C. indeed D. anyway
43. A. complete B. understand C. remember D. explain
44. A. necessary B. ready C. true D. fair
45. A. normally B. certainly C. regularly D. quickly
46. A. informed B. tricked C. battled D. acquired
47. A. frequently B. specially C. blindly D. directly
48. A. lessons B. goals C. tasks D. desires
49. A. guilty B. strange C. serious D. particular
50. A. around B. down C. out D. off
51. A. attitudes B. risks C. steps D. notes
52. A. first B. same C. right D. familiar
53. A. affording B. expecting C. refusing D. failing
54. A. promise B. try C. offer D. pretend
55. A. careful B. famous C. eager D. grateful
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. A 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们设定目标的重要性。如果不给自己设定目标，很难完全完成任何事情，设定目标是保持脚踏实地和积极向上的好方法。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我对某件事感到兴奋时，我会在接下来的几个星期里全力以赴。A. life生活；B. space空间；C. efforts努力；D. actions行动。根据“I get excited about something”和“devote”可知，对自己感兴趣的事情自然会尽全力去做，devote one’s efforts to do意为“全力以赴做某事”。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后我会找到其他让我更兴奋的事情，然后专注于它。A. instead代替；B. again再次；C. indeed确实；D. anyway不管怎样。根据“I’ll find something else that I’ll get even more excited about”可知，作者发现了新的更感兴趣的事情，所以新的专注点代替之前专注点。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果不给自己设定目标，很难完全完成任何事情。A. complete完成；B. understand理解；C. remember记住；D. explain解释。根据上文“Many tasks get halfway finished and abandoned”可知，如果没有目标，作者无法完成任何事情。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现很多人都是这样。A. necessary必须的；B. ready准备好的；C. true真的；D. fair公平的。结合上下文和“for a lot of people”可知，由此及彼，作者认为“如果没有目标，无法完成任何事情”这情况适用于很多人，be true for...意为“……也是这样”。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：自我设定目标比简单地采取无知的行动能更快地完成任务。A. normally正常；B. certainly确定；C. regularly定期地；D. quickly迅速地。根据上文“It’s hard for me to fully 3 anything without setting a goal for myself. ”可知，没有设定目标就很难完成任务，所以作者认为“self- imposed (自我强加的) plans”比“simply taking uninformed actions”高效，设定了目标就能更快完成任务。故选D项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你的目标是减肥，你所采取的行动(你吃什么，做多少运动，睡多久)都应该由减肥的愿望决定。A. informed对……有影响，通知；B. tricked欺骗；C. battled搏斗；D. acquired取得。根据上文“self- imposed (自我强加的) plans get things done more 5 than simply taking uninformed actions.”可知，做事情要明确目标，所以减肥行动应受减肥的愿望影响，目的要明确。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你盲目地去做你喜欢的事情，你可能会发现自己吃了一整盒饼干，说：“该死，我爱奥利奥!”。A. frequently频繁地；B. specially特意；C. blindly盲目地；D. directly直接地。根据“do what you like”可知，目标不明确，随意，盲目。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：让自己回到目标上来是保持脚踏实地和积极向上的好方法。A. lessons课程；B. goals目标；C. tasks任务；D. desires欲望。根据上文可知，作者一直强调目标(goals)的重要性，所以句中仍然是指回到目标上来。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我自己感到内疚和懊悔，就像我让自己失望了一样。A. guilty内疚的；B. strange陌生的；C. serious严肃的；D. particular特别的。根据下文“People against goals would tell me that it’s because I set the goals in the 12 place that I feel guilty and bad about myself.”可知，没有目标让作者感到内疚和懊悔。故选A项。
50题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我自己感到内疚和懊悔，就像我让自己失望了一样。A. around围绕；B. down向下；C. out向外；D. off离开。失去目标让作者感到内疚和懊悔，觉得自己让自己失望(let sb.down)。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我瞄准一个目标并朝着它前进时，我感到鼓舞。A. attitudes态度；B. risks风险；C. steps步子；D. notes注释。根据“toward it”可知，句中指朝目标前行，take steps towards...意为“朝着……前进”。故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：反对设置目标的人会告诉我，正是因为我首先设定了目标，我才会对自己感到内疚和不满。A. first第一；B. same相同的；C. right正确的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文可知，作者认为我们需要事先制定目标，in the first palce为固定短语，意为“首先”。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道，因为我没有充分发挥我的潜力而对自己不满意是不是一件坏事，我认为我们应该一直努力在我们的生活中取得更多的成就，并对我们所拥有的心存感激。A. affording买得起；B. expecting期待；C. refusing拒绝；D. failing失败。根据句中“feeling bad about myself”可知，作者假设自己没有(fail to do)充分发挥潜力。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道，因为我没有充分发挥我的潜力而对自己不满意是不是一件坏事，我认为我们应该一直努力在我们的生活中取得更多的成就，并对我们所拥有的心存感激。A. promise保证；B. try尝试；C. offer提供；D. pretend假装。根据“to achieve more in our lives”可知，作者是在激励自己，要努力(try to do)去取得更多的成就。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想知道，因为我没有充分发挥我的潜力而对自己不满意是不是一件坏事，我认为我们应该一直努力在我们的生活中取得更多的成就，并对我们所拥有的心存感激。A. careful仔细的；B. famous著名的；C. eager迫切的；D. grateful感激的。根据“for what we have”可知，作者是表达要对现在拥有的心存感激。故选D项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Not having breakfast could raise your risk of heart disease by 87 percent, according to a scientific study.
Researchers analyzed 18 years of data on 6, 550 people over forty ___56___ had no history of heart disease. Respondents (被调查者) ___57___ (give) regular surveys, which included the question: How often do you eat breakfast? Most (59 percent) ate breakfast every day, ___58___ 5.1 percent never did. 10.9 percent rarely did, and 25 percent would skip a few days.
The team found ___59___ clear link between breakfast habits and the risk of heart disease. Those who didn’t eat in the morning were up to 87 percent ___60___ (much) likely to develop heart disease.
“Breakfast is believed to be an important meal of the day, but there ___61___ (be) an increase of going without breakfast over the past 50 years, with as many as 23.8 percent of young people ___62___ (skip) breakfast every day,” the authors write.
The team pointed out a few bad ___63___ (effect) of not having breakfast. First, those who don’t eat breakfast may end up snacking ___64___ (healthy). Second, going without breakfast may lead to high blood pressure. The findings, ____65____ (publish) on the American College of Cardiology, came days after a similar study showing people who skip breakfast are less likely to survive a heart attack.
【答案】56. who##that
57. were given
58. but 59. a
60. more 61. has been
62. skipping
63. effects
64. unhealthily
65. published
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项科学研究表明，不吃早餐会使你患心脏病风险增加87%。
【56题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：研究人员分析了6550名40岁以上无心脏病史的人18年的数据。分析句子可知，6, 550 people为先行词，作定语从句的主语，关系代词为who或者that。故填who/that。
【57题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：受访者定期接受调查，其中包括这样一个问题:你多久吃一次早餐? 本句在描述过去发生的事情，句子为一般过去时，主语Respondents与谓语give为被动关系，所以本句为一般现在时的被动语态。故填were given。
【58题详解】
考查连词。句意：大多数人(59%)每天吃早餐，但5.1%的人从不吃早餐。根据句意可知，前后句为转折关系。故填but。
【59题详解】
考查冠词。句意：研究小组发现，吃早餐的习惯与患心脏病的风险之间存在一个明显的联系。link为可数名词， 泛指“一个明显的联系 ”，clear首字母为辅音音素，冠词为a。故填a。
【60题详解】
考查比较级。句意：那些早上不吃东西的人患心脏病的可能性要高出87%。根据句意可知，存在着比较的含义，likely的比较级为more likely。故填more。
【61题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：作者写道:“早餐被认为是一天中的重要一餐，但在过去50年里，不吃早餐的人数在增加，多达23.8%的年轻人每天都不吃早餐。”根据“over the past 50 years,”可知，本句为现在完成时，an increase of going without breakfast为主语。故填has been。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：作者写道:“早餐被认为是一天中的重要一餐，但在过去50年里，不吃早餐的人数在增加，多达23.8%的年轻人每天都不吃早餐。” young people 与skip在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填skipping。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意：研究小组指出了不吃早餐的几个不良影响。effect为可数名词，且有a few修饰，所以用复数effects。故填effects。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意：首先，那些不吃早餐的人可能会不健康地吃零食。副词修饰动词，在结合句意可知，为unhealthily。 故填unhealthily。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：几天前，一项类似的研究显示，不吃早餐的人更不可能在心脏病发作后幸存下来。这项发现发表在《美国心脏病学会》志上。本句已经有谓语动词came，所以空处应填非谓语动词，The findings与publish在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。 故填published。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文（满分15分）
66. 假如你是李华，收到美国笔友Jack的来信。信中就“是否应该每天腾出时间阅读经典”和你交流观点。请你用英语给他回信，分享你的观点。要点包含：
1. 阐明你的观点;
2. 简述你的理由（至少两点）。
注意：1. 词数80左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2. 开头和结尾不计入总词数。
Dear Jack，
Glad to receive your letter asking for my opinion on classic reading.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
Glad to receive your letter asking for my opinion on classic reading. I’m totally in favor of reading classics every day.
The benefits are obvious. First of all, reading classics with abundant and various expressions is beneficial to writing. What’s more, reading classics deepens our understanding of history and broadens our horizons by communicating with great minds in them. Additionally, we can also acquire the wisdom of previous generations, contributing to our personal growth.
In summary, I think it is necessary to spare some time for classic reading. Hoping you will fall in love with classics.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国笔友Jack回信，就“是否应该每天腾出时间阅读经典”分享自己的观点，并简述理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
赞成：be for→be in favor of
各种各样的：a variety of →various
获得：gain→acquire
从前的：former→previous
2.句型拓展
合并简单句
原句：I’m totally in favor of reading classics every day.The benefits are obvious.
拓展句：I’m totally in favor of reading classics every day, the benefits of which are obvious.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Additionally, we can also acquire the wisdom of previous generations, contributing to our personal growth.（句中运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]First of all, reading classics with abundant and various expressions is beneficial to writing. （句中运用了动名词作主语）
第二节 概要写作（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
There are a lot of things to do with old books that you no longer want, depending on their condition. You might choose to sell them to a bookstore, pass them on to friends, or simply throw them out if they are in poor shape.
When you decide to deal with old books, check their condition first. If it is an old book with a torn cover and pages, sell it to the recycle bin. If the book is a hardcover (精装书) and the cover is still in good shape, sell it to a used bookstore or donate (捐赠) it to a charity.
When selling old books to a bookstore, you should know that book buyers are often looking for something special. It is important to know the content of old books if you are taking them to a bookstore. Fiction is usually good, but travel guides are not. If you want to donate old books to a charity, avoid donating books that are in truly poor condition. If a book is dirty or missing the cover, the charity cannot sell it or give it out. Most charities also prefer that you enter the charity with your donation.
You may also want to consider exchanging books with friends. You just need to place a shelf of old books that you don’t want by the door, and encourage your friends to take books that look interesting. If your entire social network follows this practice, a mobile library of old books can be formed. You can also have a book swap party, where everyone brings a box of old books for other people to look through. After the book swap, box up the rest of the books and donate them to a charity.
【答案】There are many ways to deal with old books according to their condition (要点1). If they are in poor condition, sell them to the recycle bin or throw them away directly(要点2) . However, if they are still in good shape, sell them to a used bookstore which may need interesting ones or donate them to a charity(要点3、4). In addition, we can exchange books with friends by placing a shelf or holding a book swap party(要点5).
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是处理旧书的一些方法。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①There are a lot of things to do with old books that you no longer want, depending on their condition. ②You might choose to sell them to a bookstore, pass them on to friends, or simply throw them out if they are in poor shape. If it is an old book with a torn cover and pages, sell it to the recycle bin.
③If the book is a hardcover (精装书) and the cover is still in good shape, sell it to a used bookstore or donate (捐赠) it to a charity. When selling old books to a bookstore, you should know that book buyers are often looking for something special.
④You may also want to consider exchanging books with friends. You just need to place a shelf of old books that you don’t want by the door, and encourage your friends to take books that look interesting.
⑤You can also have a book swap party, where everyone brings a box of old books for other people to look through.
2.缜密构思
将第2个要点进行重组，将第4、5两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
There are many ways to deal with old books according to their condition. If they are in poor condition, sell them to the recycle bin or throw them away directly. However, if they are still in good shape, sell them to a used bookstore which may need interesting ones or donate them to a charity. In addition, we can exchange books with friends by placing a shelf or holding a book swap party.
【点睛】[高分句型1]However, if they are still in good shape, sell them to a used bookstore which may need interesting ones or donate them to a charity.（运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第二段和第三段进行了概括。其中which引导的定语从句表达高级）
[高分句型2]In addition, we can exchange books with friends by placing a shelf or holding a book swap party.(用动名词作宾语对最后一段进行了概括，表达非常高级)
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