Unit 5 泛读 技能初养成 教材讲解 2021-2022学年 外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册

阅读P56－57教材课文，选出最佳选项

1．How does the author think of his job?

A．He should be brave to do this.

B．He should stand the bad weather.

C．He likes being outside in the wild.

D．He likes animals in various environment.

2．What do we know about Yellowstone National Park?

A．It is where the author most likes to go.

B．It is famous for all kinds of trees.

C．It has wet bears and eagle everywhere.

D．It is a dark forest with a long path.

3．How do we know about the author's getting the photo?

A．The author designed the scene ahead.

B．The bear did the action for him.

C．The bear stood still before him.

D．The author got it quite by accident.

4．Which word can best describe the author's feeling then?

A．Terrified.　 B．Excited.

C．Thankful.     D．Respectful.

[答案]　1－4　BADA

Words and Phrases

　variety n.[U]多样化；变化；多变性[C](植物、语言等的)变种；品种

(教材原句P56)As the world's first national park，Yellowstone is famous for the variety of its wildlife，but it is probably best known for its bears.

作为世界上第一个国家公园，黄石国家公园因园内野生生物的多样性而著名，但最为出名的可能是公园内的熊。

[例]　Different varieties of English is spoken all over the world but they have a lot in common.

全世界各地说着各种类型的英语，但是他们有很多共同点。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①There are various(variety)goods on sale，so you can feel free to choose.

② Varieties(variety)of solutions have been provided for us to solve the problem.We can choose one to start with.

③There is a wide variety of patterns for us to choose from.

④Prices vary with the type of room you require.

[小片段填空]

American is regarded as a melting pot，where exist a variety of ethnics and cultural groups with various beliefs.Sometimes people's beliefs can vary with time.(vary)

　concentrate　vi.& vt.集中(注意力)，聚精会神；使……集中(或集合、聚集)；专注，专心

(教材原句P57)While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene，I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched.

我正专注于拍摄这个令人惊叹的场景时，突然感到有人在注视着我。

[例]　Be quiet and let me concentrate on my homework.

请安静，让我专心做家庭作业。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①The web­celebrity refused the commercial in order to concentrate on her studies.

②Doing some exercise every day will also improve your powers of concentration (concentrate).

③I can't concentrate my attention on my studies with the loud music going on.

[小片段填空]

My friend，Jonson，has his own trick of learning.In class，he has the power of concentration，that is to say，he can concentrate his mind on what the teacher is saying.And after school he will take part in sports activities with concentrated attention.(concentrate)

　freeze (froze，frozen)vi.突然停止，呆住；(使)冻结，结冰；(天气)严寒，冰冻

(教材原句P57)Slowly，and with the camera still held to my eye，I turned...and froze.

相机仍举在眼前，我慢慢地转过身去……并吓呆了。

[例]　It may freeze tonight，so make sure the plants are covered。

今晚大概会有霜冻，一定要把花草都盖好。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①The temperature remained below the freezing(freeze)point throughout the day.

②They went skating on the frozen(freeze)river every Sunday afternoon in winter.

③Even if the lake freezes(freeze)，you'd better not go skating on it.

[小片段填空]

Seeing the terrible scene，I froze．On such a freezing cold day，the mother was walking to the hospital，holding her baby in her arms.Her hair was almost frozen．(freeze)

　stare vi.& vt.凝视，盯着看

(教材原句P57)With water falling off its thick，brown hair，the bear stared back at me.

那头熊回盯着我看，水正从它浓密的棕色毛发上滴下来。

[例]　 The child stared at the unexpected visitor up and down.

那个孩子上下打量着这个不速之客。

[词义辨析]　stare at，glance at，glare at

[即学即练]　选词填空(stare at，glance at，glare at)

①He just glared at me silently instead of shouting.

②She glanced at the present on the table and cried heartbroken.

③It's impolite to stare at foreign visitors in the street.

　(教材原句P57)When I recovered from the shock，I looked at my camera.

当我从震惊中恢复过来后，我看了看相机。

(1)recover vi.复原，(从糟糕经历中)恢复；恢复健康，痊愈；康复vt.恢复(能力、知觉、对情绪的控制、活动能力等)；找回，寻回

[例]　With the nurse's careful attending，the old man recovered quickly.

在护士的精心照料下，老人很快就康复了。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①It took a long time for him to recover from a bad cold.

②She felt upset at the failure but quickly recovered herself (her).

③Take this medicine as told and your recovery (recover)will be soon.

[小片段填空]

The doctor asked the patient to be confident of her recovery from the disease，for this kind of disease is curable，and she was strong enough to recover from it soon.(recover)

(2)shock n.[U]震惊，吃惊，惊愕；[C]令人震惊的事vt.使震惊，使惊愕

[例]　The news of football star Maradona's death came as a great shock to everyone.

足球明星马拉多纳去世的消息让所有人都非常震惊。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①It shocked us to learn that Louis was disabled，after an operation(手术)on his foot.

②We were shocked (shock)when we heard of the news that the plane crashed in the storm.

③All the people present at the meeting felt shocked at the shocking decision announced by the manager.(shock)

[小片段填空]

What shocked us was his relaxed reaction to his failure.It was really shocking to see his smiling face at that time.We all felt shocked at the loss of sense of honor.(shock)

　after all毕竟，终究

(教材原句P57)It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.

毕竟，在它们的世界里，我们才是客人。

[例]　After all，life is full of surprises so we should be hopeful.

毕竟，生活总是充满惊喜的，所以我们要满怀希望。

[即学即练]　选用以上短语填空

①To make members of a team perform better，the trainer first of all has to know their strengths and weaknesses.

②You shouldn't have scolded the boy at all；he is a child after all；above all，he made only two mistakes in all．

Sentence Patterns

　with 复合结构

(教材原句P57)Slowly, and with the camera still held to my eye，I turned...and froze.

相机仍举在眼前，我慢慢地转过身去……并吓呆了。

句式分析：句中with the camera still held to my eye是with的复合结构。with的复合结构是指“with ＋ 复合宾语”，常在句中作状语，表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等。

[例1]　The old man sat in the middle of the room with his eyes fixed on the light.

老人坐在房间的中间，眼睛盯着灯。

[例2]　With his bike stolen，she had to walk home.

由于自行车被偷了，她不得不步行回家。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①With prices going (go)up so fast，they can't afford the basic life necessities.

②I like to sleep with no windows  closed (close).

③With the children  at school, we can't take any vacation.

④He left the classroom with the light  on ．

⑤With a lot of work to do (do)，he wasn't allowed to go out.

　强调句型

(教材原句P57)It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.

毕竟，在它们的世界里，我们才是客人。

句式分析：本句是强调句型。we是被强调部分，在句中作主语。

[例1]　It was this man who/that helped me out when I was in trouble.

我处于困境时，正是这个人帮我度过了难关。

[例2]　lt was when I got back to my dormitory that I met your brother.

正是当我回到宿舍的时候，我遇到了你弟弟。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①It was only when he took his facial mask that I recognized him.

②It was my sister that/who helped me select the nice gift for my friend.

③Was it because Jack came late for school that Mr.Smith got angry?

④It was not until he came back from Africa that year that he met the girl he would like to marry.

七选五之词汇复现

阅读七选五题型考查的实质就是文中信息点和选项信息点的对应，文中信息点与选项信息点通常以词汇复现的方式来“暗中搭桥”。在解题时，通常要关注以下几种复现词找对应。

1．利用词汇复现找对应

词汇复现主要是指原词复现、同源词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。通过寻找复现词汇可迅速确定答案。

2．利用同范畴词找对应

同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中同时出现，达到语义衔接的目的。

3．利用代词找对应

根据代词的单复数及其在句子中所作的成分，可以找出代词指代的名词或句子，从而帮助我们解题。

[例题剖析]

(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question：“Should I jump？”This is what motivation or the lack of it can do.Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin.__36__Like the child on the diving board，you will stay undecided.

A．This can affect your work.

B．So how should you motivate yourself?

C．However，this should not discourage you.

D．So why should we try to set specific goals?

E．They can change according to circumstances.

F．Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.

G．Without motivation，you can neither set a goal nor reach it.

G　[空格前有motivation和goal，而且说它们是同一枚硬币的两面，缺一不可，由此可知此处讲动力与设定目标的关系，而选项G“没有动力，你既不能设定目标也不能实现它”符合语境。而且选项G中同样出现了motivation和goal两词，属于原词复现。]

[即学即练]

快速阅读，确定下面题目的答案

The scientists say that the human life has changed greatly.Our bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses.______ So they are called “diseases of civilization”．Many cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.

A．Stone Age people lived a simple life.

B．But today，we enjoy eating a lot of these.

C．In that case，they would live much healthier.

D．Ancient people also got lots of physical exercise.

E．These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.

F．People today probably don't want to live like our ancestors.

G．Modern people used to suffer from “diseases of civilization”．

[答案]　E