还剩12页未读，
继续阅读
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
专题一 必修3重点词汇讲解部分-2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期末考试备考满分冲刺专题
展开
这是一份专题一 必修3重点词汇讲解部分-2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期末考试备考满分冲刺专题，共15页。
Unit 1
mean 意欲，打算，意味
和mean有关的用法：
1) mean adj. 吝啬的，刻薄的，坏的
2) mean vt. 意思是
3) mean t d … 打算做某事，有意做某事
4) mean ding … 意味着做某事
5) sb./sth. be meant/intended fr 适合做
6) meaning n. 意思，意义
7) meaningful adj. 有意义的
8) meaningless adj. 无意义的
9) means n. 方法，手段 (单复数同形)
练一练： 翻译一下句子
他说他不适合读书因为懒。
He says he _________________ a student fr his laziness.
这次考试失败意味着要再考一次。
Failing this exam ___________________ anther ne.
我并不是故意迟到的。
I didn’t ____________ be late fr schl.
答案：isn’t meant fr； means ding；mean t
take place 发生；还可指举行某种活动；主语为“已发生的事”；无进行时和被动语态。
Great changes have taken place in ur hmetwn during the past ten years.
The Olympic Games f 2020 will take place in TOKYO.
take the place f … 代替……
take ne’s place 代替某人；就坐
take (the)first place 居首位，得第一
E.g. He will take the place f the manager when the manager g abrad.
E.g. Please, take my place during I am in France fr a business visit.
词义辨析：take place , happen, ccur, cme abut, break ut
take place 表示按照事先是我安排或计划发生，多指运动，变化，进步，会议或婚礼等的发生或举行。带有“非偶然”的意思。
happen 指偶然或以外的发生。
ccur 正式用语，指事情偶然地、意外地发生或思想突然浮在心头。ccur t 有“想起”的意思
cme abut 往往注重事情发生的原因。且很多时候与hw 连用。与happen 用法较接近
break ut 仅用于负面事物，指战争，水灾，疾病，地震等突然发生。
练一练：用take place , happen 和 cme abut 的正确形式填空
The May 4th Mvement _____________ in 1919.
If anything ___________ t the machine, let me knw at nce.
The pening day f the play ___________ tmrrw night.
Can yu tell me hw it ___________?
答案：tk place；happen；will take place ；cmes abut
religius [riˈlidʒəs] adj. 宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的 n. religin [riˈlidʒən] n. 宗教；宗教信仰
They are bth very religius and felt it was a gift frm Gd
2. celebrate [‘selibreit] vt. 庆祝 – celebratin [,seli’breiʃn] n. 庆祝，庆祝方式
in celebratin f 为了庆祝……
E.g. They decided t hld a party in celebratin f their father’s birthday.
have/ hld a celebratin 举行庆祝会/庆典
celebrated adj. = famus adj. 著名的，驰名的
in memry [ˈmeməri] f 纪念；追念
The cngress pened with a minute's silence in memry f thse wh died in the struggle. 代表大会开幕时进行了一分钟的默哀，以怀念在斗争中牺牲的人。
belief [biˈli:f] n. 信任；信心；信仰 – believe [bi‘li:v] vt. 相信 – beliefs (pl.) - adj. believable 可相信的，可信任的
dress up 盛装；打扮；指穿衣打扮
dress sb. : I dressed my sn after he gt up.
Sb. be dressed in(使用被动)：He was dressed in white. 他穿着白色的衣服。
dress up (使用主动)：On Hallween, children dress up and g t their neighbrs’ hmes t ask fr sweets. 万圣节前夜，孩子们打扮(成鬼的模样)，到邻居家索要糖果。
trick [trik] n. 诡计；恶作剧；窍门 vt. 欺骗；诈骗 — trickish ['trikiʃ] adj.狡猾的,欺骗的
Trick-r-treat 万圣节活动“不给糖就捣蛋”
关于“嘲笑、捉弄”其他的词汇：
play a jke n sb. / play jkes n sb. 嘲笑某人
laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人
make fun f sb. 捉弄某人
independent [,indi’pendənt] adj. 独立的 – independence n. 独立自主权
live an independent life 过上独立的生活
gain independence 获得独立自主权
award [əˈwɔ:d] n. 奖；奖品 vt. 授予；判定 award sth t sb
近义词：
reward n.奖励，报答，酬劳，报偿”。 vt. reward sb. fr sth. 为….给某人以报酬, 报答。
The president presented the award t the students in persn.
They awarded schlarships t the best students.
Hw can I reward yu fr yur kindness?
admire [ədˈmaiə] vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕 —admirable adj. 可钦佩的; 值得赞赏的; -admiratin n. 钦佩; 赞赏; 羡慕
Admire sb fr sth I admire Jhn fr his curage.
lk frward t sth/ding sth 期望；期待；盼望
He is lking frward t ging t the cllege.
as thugh [ðəu]好像 从句的谓语动词多用虚拟语气，表示所叙述的情况与事实相反。
They treat me as thugh I were a stranger.
permissin [pəˈmiʃən] n. 许可；允许
ask/request/apply fr permissin 申请许可
get/btain/receive permissin 获得批准
with/withut ne’s permissin （未）经某人许可
He asked permissin t leave the rm.
I had t get permissin t use this car.
Withut my parents’s permissin, we cannt return hme t late.
permit v. 允许; 准许; 使有可能; 指天气、时间、健康状况或某人等允许某人去某处或做某事;
n. 许可证，特许证(尤指限期的);
permit sb t d sth; permit sth/ding sth
His health des nt permit him t cme. The rules f the club d nt permit smking.
turn [tə:n] up 出现；到场
Richard had turned up n Christmas Eve with Tny.
理查德和托尼在圣诞夜一道露面了。
keep ne’s wrd 守信用；履行诺言 = fulfil ne's prmise
She is a girl wh keeps her wrd．她是一个守信的女孩。
hld ne’s breath 屏息；屏气
The audience held their breaths at the thrilling stry.
Dn’t hld ne’s breath. （习语）别信以为真。那是指你所说的事可能不会发生
aplgize [əˈpɔlədʒaiz] vi. 道歉；辩白 — aplgy n.道歉，歉意
make an aplgy/aplgies t sb fr sth
aplgise t sb fr sth
He aplgized t his teammates fr his fault in this match.
bvius [ˈɔbviəs] adj. 明显的；显而易见的 — bviusly 明显地
Obviusly, they've had supprt frm sme big cmpanies.
It is bvius that they will win this game.
set ff 出发 (开始旅行、赛跑)；动身；使爆炸
set ff a bmb
We set ff sme firewrks t celebrate the New Year.
近义词：set ut “有特定目标并开始准备为实现目标行动”，也就是我们中文中通常所说的“立志于做…”。
Mary set ut t be the first girl t run the Lndn Marathn in her schl.
remind [riˈmaind] vt. 提醒；使想起
remind … f … 使……想起曾经做过的事情……
remind sb. t d sth.意思是提醒某人做（还未做的）某事
The gifts frm her friend reminded her f the happy time n his 11 year-ld birthday.
Please remind him t start earlier.
Unit 2
Diet [ˈdaiət] n. 日常饮食vi. 节食
g/be n a diet 节食
balanced diet 平衡膳食
balance [ˈbæləns] vt. 平衡；权衡 n. 天平；平衡 — balanced adj.平衡的 be n a balanced diet
1) n. ① 平衡
keep a balance (between A and B)
lse ne’s balance
disturb the balance f ne’s mind
2）v. ①保持平衡
~（sth）n sth
He balanced the cup n her knee.
②同等重视
balance A with/and B
balance hme life with career
③比较权衡
balance A against B
balance the cst against its benefit
ught [ɔ:t] v. aux. 应当；应该 ught t 应当；应该
更多反映客观情况，“有义务”或“必要”做某事，译为“应当，应该”
shuld谈的是自己的主观看法
Yu dn't lk well. Yu ught t g t see the dctr.
We ught t have perfrmed ur duties prperly.
lse weight [weit] 体重减轻；减肥 put n weight 增加体重
同义词：slim dwn；
get away with 被放过；（做坏事）不受惩罚
The criminals knw hw t play the system and get away with it。
这些罪犯知道如何钻体制的空子以逃脱惩罚
tell a lie 说谎
D nt tell a lie at any time. 任何时候都不要说谎。
win … back 赢回；重新获得
The telecms giant cut prices t win back custmers frm cmpetitrs.
strength [ˈstreŋθ] n.强项；长处；力量 - strengthen 加强 - strng 强壮的
After having surgery, it takes a while t get yur strength back.
Making baskets requires skill mre than physical strength.
The plan had bth strengths and weaknesses.
cnsult [kənˈsʌlt] vt.咨询；请教；商量 - n. cnsultr 顾问; - cnsultative咨询的; 顾问的;
1) 咨询，请教 cnsult sb (abut) sth
•If the pain persists, cnsult a dctr
2) 与某人商量 cnsult (with) sb abut/n sth
This afternn the president was cnsulting with his advisers
3) 查阅，查询 cnsult a dictinary
I'm nt quite sure hw t get there - I'd better cnsult a map.
•If yu have any prblems, cnsult the FAQs n ur website.
It's just a cnsultative meeting, s nthing will be decided.
earn ne’s living 谋生
Yu can't expect t earn yur living frm yur painting.
debt [det] n. 债；债务
in debt 欠债 pay ff the debts 偿清债务 be in debt 欠债
g/get/run/slip int debt 陷入债务之中
He managed t pay ff his debts in tw years.
The cmpany ran up huge debts
They are in debt t (= we mney t) the bank.
He gt int debt (= brrwed mney) after he lst his jb.
limit [ˈlimit] vt. 限制；限定 n. 界限；限度- limitin 限制、控制
limit t… 限于 withut limit 无限地 within limits
limit sb. t sth/ding sth 限制某人做某事
There is a limit t the amunt f pain I can bear. 我能够忍受的痛苦是有限度的。
There’s a limit t her patience.
My parents limit my pcket mney t 300 yuan. 我父母把我的零花钱限制到了300元。
I have t limit my talk t 20 minutes.
I think we ught t put a strict limit n the amunt f time we can spend n the prject.
benefit [ˈbenifit] n. 利益；好处 vt. & vi. 有益于；有助于；受益
1) n. 优势，益处（不可数）
She didn’t get much benefit frm her staying abrad.
The discvery f il brught many benefits t the twn.
be f benefit beneficial t ... = t ne’s benefit 对某人有利
fr ne’s benefit = fr the benefit f sb. 为了帮助为了某人的利益
2） vt./ vi. 使受益；获益
benefit sb./ sth benefit frm/ by...
Hw can we benefit thse wh mst need ur help?
I feel that I have benefited greatly frm her wisdm.
3）beneficial有利的; 有裨益的; 有用的;
be beneficial t...
Using cmputers has a beneficial effect n children's learning.
A stay in the cuntry will be beneficial t his health.
cmbine [ˈbenifit] vt. & vi.（使）联合；（使）结合 - cmbinatin结合体; 联合体; 结合; 联合; 混合
cmbine A with/ and B
cut dwn (n sth)削减；删节
She used t wrk 50 hurs a week, but recently she's cut dwn.
The supermarket chain has prmised t cut dwn n packaging.
Unit 3
bring [briŋ] up 抚养；培养；教育；提出
She's always bringing up her health prblems.
g ahead [əˈhed] 前进；（用于祈使句）可以；往下说
The festival is nw ging ahead as planned.
by accident [ˈæksidənt] 偶然；无意中；不小心
I fund her letter by accident as I was lking thrugh my files.
stare [steə] vi. 凝视；盯着看
stare at 盯着看；凝视
Dn't stare at peple like that, it's rude.
She gave him a lng stare but didn't answer his questin.
spt [spɔt] vt. 发现；认出n. 斑点；污点；地点; (皮肤上的) 丘疹，疱疹，粉刺; 脓疱
n the spt 当场，立即，在现场
I wre that skirt with the green spts.
The plice were called and they were n the spt within three minutes.
accunt [əˈkaunt] vi.& vt. 认为；说明；总计有n. 说明；理由；计算；帐目
accuntable (对自己的决定、行为) 负有责任，有说明义务;
I clsed that bank accunt when I came t Lndn.
He desn't drink alchl n accunt f his pr health.
She was accunted a genius by all wh knew her wrk.
When planning a mapping, ne must take this int accunt: an instrument is interesting nly if it allws the discvery f unknwn features.
She is accuntable nly t the managing directr.
The recent tax refrms have made gvernment mre accuntable fr its spending
accunt fr 导致；做出解释；数量占比
Rice and wheat accunt fr nearly 75% f the ttal fd grains prduced.
seek [si:k] vt. & vi. (sught, sught) 寻找；探索；寻求
seek ne’s frtune 寻求财富/运气；寻找出路
She managed t calm him dwn and seek help frm a neighbr.
cntrary [ˈkɔntrəri] n. 反面；对立面 adj. 相反的；相违的
n the cntrary [ˈkɔntrəri] 与此相反；正相反
Cntrary t ppular belief, many cats dislike milk.
I was wrried that it might be t hard fr me but it turned ut the cntrary was true
"I thught yu said the film was exciting?" "On the cntrary, I nearly fell asleep half way thrugh it!"
take a chance 冒险；碰运气
Yu take a chance n the weather if yu hliday in the UK
in rags 衣衫褴褛
There were men, wmen and small children, sme dressed in rags.
as fr 关于；至于
As fr the mney, we’ll talk abut that later.
Unit 4
system [ˈsistəm] n. 系统；体系；制度 - adj. systematic
Under this system, many peple were prevented frm vting.
A systematic apprach shuld be adpted t cllecting infrmatin.
thery [ˈθiəri] n. 学说；理论- theretical [ˌθɪəˈretɪkl] 理论上的; 理论上存在的; 假设的;
Darwin's thery f evlutin
This research seems t give sme validity t the thery that the drug might cause cancer.
The threat f climate change is n lnger merely theretical.
vilent [ˈvaiələnt] adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的 - vilence n. 暴力; 暴行; 狂热; 激情; 激烈的力量
The mre vilent scenes in the film were cut when it was shwn n televisin.
in time 及时；终于 He stpped his cmpanin's mistake in time t avid an accident.
On time 按时 D take the medicine n time every day.
harmful [ˈhɑ:mful] adj. 有害的 - harmfulness 危害性 - harmfully adv. 有害地 - harm n. 伤害 v. 伤害 - harmless无害的; 不会导致损伤的; 不会引起不快的; 无恶意的
It's imprtant t prtect yur skin frm the harmful effects f the sun.
Children may be harmfully affected by ther peple being free t smke in public places.
The harmfulness f these plicies is very apparent.
Missing a meal nce in a while never did anyne any harm.
Fr a lng time, tbacc was thught t be a harmless.
exist [igˈzist] vi. 存在；生存 - existence n. 存在 - c-existence 共存
cme int existence 开始存在，成立 be in existence 存在
There exists n life n the mn.
Many peple questin the existence f Gd.
All ur advanced technlgy wuld never cme int existence n this planet.
The tw cmmunities enjyed a perid f peaceful cexistence.
The Department that yu are refering t is nt in existence.
give birth t 产生；分娩 She gave birth t twins.
in ne’s turn 轮到某人；接着 Each f us takes a break in turn.
prevent ... frm 阻止；制止 His disability prevents him (frm) driving.
puzzle [ˈpʌzl] n. 谜；难题 vt. & vi. （使）迷惑；（使）为难
puzzling adj.令人疑惑的 - puzzled adv.感到疑惑的
puzzle ver/abut sth 苦苦思索/仔细琢磨
What puzzles me is why he left the cuntry withut telling anyne.
It's a rather puzzling film. He had a puzzled lk n his face.
Scientists are puzzling ver the results f the research.
pull [pul]n. & vt.拉（力）；拖；牵引力n.拉力，引力
pull dwn 拆毁 pull in （火车等）进站 ；停车 pull ut 拔出，出站
The sun was s strng we had t pull dwn the blinds.
She pulled ut the drawer. He pulled in at the side f the rad。
cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋 She went shpping t cheer herself up.
nw that 既然
Nw that I live nly a few blcks frm wrk, I walk t wrk and enjy it.
Nw that the children have cleaned up, yu can let them g
break ut 突发；爆发 War brke ut in 1914.
watch ut 密切注视；当心；提防 Watch ut! It's rather wet ver there.
Unit 5
rather than 与其；不愿
I think I'd like t stay at hme this evening rather than g ut.
Helicpters are mainly used fr military rather than civil use.
I prefer phtgraphing peple rather than places.
chat [tʃæt] vi. & n. 聊天；闲聊 chat—chatted—chatted—chatting
have a chat with sb. 与某人聊天 chat rm 聊天室
She spends hurs n the phne chatting t her friends.
We were just chatting abut what we did last weekend.
I had a chat with my bss tday abut a pssible salary increase.
surrund [səˈraund] vt. & vi. 包围；围绕- surrunding周围的；附近的
A cunty usually cnsists f several twns and the rural areas which surrund them.
measure [ˈmeʒə] vi. & vt. 测量；衡量；判定 n.计量制；计量单位；措施 vt. 测量; 有…长/宽
The main bedrm measures 12m by 15m.
The main bedrm measuring 12m by 15m is mine.
n. 尺寸;措施
make sth t ne’s measure 量体裁衣; 量力而行
take measures t d… 采取措施做某事
The gvernment takes measures t prtect the air pllutin.
settle dwn 定居；平静下来；专心于
Eventually I'd like t settle dwn and have a family, but nt yet.
manage t d 设法做;成功地做到（了）某事=A succeeded in ding sth.
I see what yu mean, but if yu can manage t d it, everything will change
catch sight f 看见；瞥见
I caught sight f smene with red hair and knew it was yu.
have a gift fr 对……有天赋
She has a gift fr singing.
within [wiˈðin] prep. 在……之内
She managed t cmplete her last film well within budget.
brder [ˈbɔ:də] – brdering adj. 和…毗邻; 与…接壤;
n. 边界；国界；边沿vt. & vi. 与……接壤；接近
The train crsses the brder between France and Spain.
mix [miks] vt. & vi. 混合；调配 - mixture [ˈmikstʃə] n. 混合（物）；混合状态
mix up 弄错，弄乱
mixed feelings 混杂的感受
mixed dubles 混合双打
Mix the eggs int the flur.
Oil and water dn't mix. Even if yu shake them tgether they separate int tw layers.
If yu mix up the phts in my family album, I’ll never frgive yu!
Peple ften mix us up because we lk s similar.
I think yu're mixing me up with my sister.
cnfirm [kənˈfə:m] vt.证实；证明；批准 - n. cnfirmatin证实; 确认书; 证明书 —adj. cnfirmatry确实（定）的；证实的；批准的;
cnfirm sth/ that/wh-
Rumurs f jb lsses were later cnfirmed.
Has everyne cnfirmed (that) they are cming?
Can yu cnfirm what happened?
It is essential t btain cnfirmatin in writing
Investrs are lking fr cnfirmatin that the ecnmy is picking up speed.
Anyne wh tests psitive with a rapid test must get a cnfirmatry bld test.
wealthy [ˈwelθi] adj. 富有的—n. wealth
With their natural resurces they are ptentially a very wealthy cuntry.
Jim has a wealth f teaching experience.
distance [ˈdistəns] n. 距离；远方 - distant adj.远的
at a distance f num. 隔着…...的距离
in the distance 在远处
We culd see the muntains in the distance.
San Francisc is at a distance f abut 400 miles frm Ls Angeles.
traditin [trəˈdiʃən] n. 传统；风俗—traditinal adj.—traditinally adv.-- 传统主义者 traditinalist—traditinalism 传统主义
by traditin 按照惯例 religius/ cultural traditins 宗教/文化传统
The building's design is an interesting blend f traditinalism and mdernism.
Religius traditinalists bjected t theries f evlutin being taught in schls
The schl uses a cmbinatin f mdern and traditinal methds fr teaching reading
Firewrks have lng been an American traditin n the Furth f July.
impress [imˈpres] vt. 使印象深刻；使铭记—impressive adj. 令人赞叹的; 令人敬佩的
impress sb with sth/sb 使某人对...留下印象
He impressed us with his sincerity（真诚）.
impress sth n/upn sb 使某人对某事印象深刻；使某人铭记
He impressed n us the need fr immediate actin.
That was an impressive perfrmance frm such a yung tennis player.
impressin n. 印象—impressinable adj. 易受影响的—Impressinism n.印象主义
get a gd/bad impressin f sb 对某人印象好/坏
a general/an verall impressin 总体印象
be under the impressin that 觉得，认为
What was yur impressin f Charltte's husband?
My wrds made n impressin n her. 我的话没有给她留下印象。
His trip t India makes a strng impressin n him.
I was under the impressin that the wrk had already been cmpleted.
Yu dn't want t cnvey the impressin that we're nt interested.
He's at that impressinable age when he's very easily led by ther children.
Unit 1
mean 意欲，打算，意味
和mean有关的用法：
1) mean adj. 吝啬的，刻薄的，坏的
2) mean vt. 意思是
3) mean t d … 打算做某事，有意做某事
4) mean ding … 意味着做某事
5) sb./sth. be meant/intended fr 适合做
6) meaning n. 意思，意义
7) meaningful adj. 有意义的
8) meaningless adj. 无意义的
9) means n. 方法，手段 (单复数同形)
练一练： 翻译一下句子
他说他不适合读书因为懒。
He says he _________________ a student fr his laziness.
这次考试失败意味着要再考一次。
Failing this exam ___________________ anther ne.
我并不是故意迟到的。
I didn’t ____________ be late fr schl.
答案：isn’t meant fr； means ding；mean t
take place 发生；还可指举行某种活动；主语为“已发生的事”；无进行时和被动语态。
Great changes have taken place in ur hmetwn during the past ten years.
The Olympic Games f 2020 will take place in TOKYO.
take the place f … 代替……
take ne’s place 代替某人；就坐
take (the)first place 居首位，得第一
E.g. He will take the place f the manager when the manager g abrad.
E.g. Please, take my place during I am in France fr a business visit.
词义辨析：take place , happen, ccur, cme abut, break ut
take place 表示按照事先是我安排或计划发生，多指运动，变化，进步，会议或婚礼等的发生或举行。带有“非偶然”的意思。
happen 指偶然或以外的发生。
ccur 正式用语，指事情偶然地、意外地发生或思想突然浮在心头。ccur t 有“想起”的意思
cme abut 往往注重事情发生的原因。且很多时候与hw 连用。与happen 用法较接近
break ut 仅用于负面事物，指战争，水灾，疾病，地震等突然发生。
练一练：用take place , happen 和 cme abut 的正确形式填空
The May 4th Mvement _____________ in 1919.
If anything ___________ t the machine, let me knw at nce.
The pening day f the play ___________ tmrrw night.
Can yu tell me hw it ___________?
答案：tk place；happen；will take place ；cmes abut
religius [riˈlidʒəs] adj. 宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的 n. religin [riˈlidʒən] n. 宗教；宗教信仰
They are bth very religius and felt it was a gift frm Gd
2. celebrate [‘selibreit] vt. 庆祝 – celebratin [,seli’breiʃn] n. 庆祝，庆祝方式
in celebratin f 为了庆祝……
E.g. They decided t hld a party in celebratin f their father’s birthday.
have/ hld a celebratin 举行庆祝会/庆典
celebrated adj. = famus adj. 著名的，驰名的
in memry [ˈmeməri] f 纪念；追念
The cngress pened with a minute's silence in memry f thse wh died in the struggle. 代表大会开幕时进行了一分钟的默哀，以怀念在斗争中牺牲的人。
belief [biˈli:f] n. 信任；信心；信仰 – believe [bi‘li:v] vt. 相信 – beliefs (pl.) - adj. believable 可相信的，可信任的
dress up 盛装；打扮；指穿衣打扮
dress sb. : I dressed my sn after he gt up.
Sb. be dressed in(使用被动)：He was dressed in white. 他穿着白色的衣服。
dress up (使用主动)：On Hallween, children dress up and g t their neighbrs’ hmes t ask fr sweets. 万圣节前夜，孩子们打扮(成鬼的模样)，到邻居家索要糖果。
trick [trik] n. 诡计；恶作剧；窍门 vt. 欺骗；诈骗 — trickish ['trikiʃ] adj.狡猾的,欺骗的
Trick-r-treat 万圣节活动“不给糖就捣蛋”
关于“嘲笑、捉弄”其他的词汇：
play a jke n sb. / play jkes n sb. 嘲笑某人
laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人
make fun f sb. 捉弄某人
independent [,indi’pendənt] adj. 独立的 – independence n. 独立自主权
live an independent life 过上独立的生活
gain independence 获得独立自主权
award [əˈwɔ:d] n. 奖；奖品 vt. 授予；判定 award sth t sb
近义词：
reward n.奖励，报答，酬劳，报偿”。 vt. reward sb. fr sth. 为….给某人以报酬, 报答。
The president presented the award t the students in persn.
They awarded schlarships t the best students.
Hw can I reward yu fr yur kindness?
admire [ədˈmaiə] vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕 —admirable adj. 可钦佩的; 值得赞赏的; -admiratin n. 钦佩; 赞赏; 羡慕
Admire sb fr sth I admire Jhn fr his curage.
lk frward t sth/ding sth 期望；期待；盼望
He is lking frward t ging t the cllege.
as thugh [ðəu]好像 从句的谓语动词多用虚拟语气，表示所叙述的情况与事实相反。
They treat me as thugh I were a stranger.
permissin [pəˈmiʃən] n. 许可；允许
ask/request/apply fr permissin 申请许可
get/btain/receive permissin 获得批准
with/withut ne’s permissin （未）经某人许可
He asked permissin t leave the rm.
I had t get permissin t use this car.
Withut my parents’s permissin, we cannt return hme t late.
permit v. 允许; 准许; 使有可能; 指天气、时间、健康状况或某人等允许某人去某处或做某事;
n. 许可证，特许证(尤指限期的);
permit sb t d sth; permit sth/ding sth
His health des nt permit him t cme. The rules f the club d nt permit smking.
turn [tə:n] up 出现；到场
Richard had turned up n Christmas Eve with Tny.
理查德和托尼在圣诞夜一道露面了。
keep ne’s wrd 守信用；履行诺言 = fulfil ne's prmise
She is a girl wh keeps her wrd．她是一个守信的女孩。
hld ne’s breath 屏息；屏气
The audience held their breaths at the thrilling stry.
Dn’t hld ne’s breath. （习语）别信以为真。那是指你所说的事可能不会发生
aplgize [əˈpɔlədʒaiz] vi. 道歉；辩白 — aplgy n.道歉，歉意
make an aplgy/aplgies t sb fr sth
aplgise t sb fr sth
He aplgized t his teammates fr his fault in this match.
bvius [ˈɔbviəs] adj. 明显的；显而易见的 — bviusly 明显地
Obviusly, they've had supprt frm sme big cmpanies.
It is bvius that they will win this game.
set ff 出发 (开始旅行、赛跑)；动身；使爆炸
set ff a bmb
We set ff sme firewrks t celebrate the New Year.
近义词：set ut “有特定目标并开始准备为实现目标行动”，也就是我们中文中通常所说的“立志于做…”。
Mary set ut t be the first girl t run the Lndn Marathn in her schl.
remind [riˈmaind] vt. 提醒；使想起
remind … f … 使……想起曾经做过的事情……
remind sb. t d sth.意思是提醒某人做（还未做的）某事
The gifts frm her friend reminded her f the happy time n his 11 year-ld birthday.
Please remind him t start earlier.
Unit 2
Diet [ˈdaiət] n. 日常饮食vi. 节食
g/be n a diet 节食
balanced diet 平衡膳食
balance [ˈbæləns] vt. 平衡；权衡 n. 天平；平衡 — balanced adj.平衡的 be n a balanced diet
1) n. ① 平衡
keep a balance (between A and B)
lse ne’s balance
disturb the balance f ne’s mind
2）v. ①保持平衡
~（sth）n sth
He balanced the cup n her knee.
②同等重视
balance A with/and B
balance hme life with career
③比较权衡
balance A against B
balance the cst against its benefit
ught [ɔ:t] v. aux. 应当；应该 ught t 应当；应该
更多反映客观情况，“有义务”或“必要”做某事，译为“应当，应该”
shuld谈的是自己的主观看法
Yu dn't lk well. Yu ught t g t see the dctr.
We ught t have perfrmed ur duties prperly.
lse weight [weit] 体重减轻；减肥 put n weight 增加体重
同义词：slim dwn；
get away with 被放过；（做坏事）不受惩罚
The criminals knw hw t play the system and get away with it。
这些罪犯知道如何钻体制的空子以逃脱惩罚
tell a lie 说谎
D nt tell a lie at any time. 任何时候都不要说谎。
win … back 赢回；重新获得
The telecms giant cut prices t win back custmers frm cmpetitrs.
strength [ˈstreŋθ] n.强项；长处；力量 - strengthen 加强 - strng 强壮的
After having surgery, it takes a while t get yur strength back.
Making baskets requires skill mre than physical strength.
The plan had bth strengths and weaknesses.
cnsult [kənˈsʌlt] vt.咨询；请教；商量 - n. cnsultr 顾问; - cnsultative咨询的; 顾问的;
1) 咨询，请教 cnsult sb (abut) sth
•If the pain persists, cnsult a dctr
2) 与某人商量 cnsult (with) sb abut/n sth
This afternn the president was cnsulting with his advisers
3) 查阅，查询 cnsult a dictinary
I'm nt quite sure hw t get there - I'd better cnsult a map.
•If yu have any prblems, cnsult the FAQs n ur website.
It's just a cnsultative meeting, s nthing will be decided.
earn ne’s living 谋生
Yu can't expect t earn yur living frm yur painting.
debt [det] n. 债；债务
in debt 欠债 pay ff the debts 偿清债务 be in debt 欠债
g/get/run/slip int debt 陷入债务之中
He managed t pay ff his debts in tw years.
The cmpany ran up huge debts
They are in debt t (= we mney t) the bank.
He gt int debt (= brrwed mney) after he lst his jb.
limit [ˈlimit] vt. 限制；限定 n. 界限；限度- limitin 限制、控制
limit t… 限于 withut limit 无限地 within limits
limit sb. t sth/ding sth 限制某人做某事
There is a limit t the amunt f pain I can bear. 我能够忍受的痛苦是有限度的。
There’s a limit t her patience.
My parents limit my pcket mney t 300 yuan. 我父母把我的零花钱限制到了300元。
I have t limit my talk t 20 minutes.
I think we ught t put a strict limit n the amunt f time we can spend n the prject.
benefit [ˈbenifit] n. 利益；好处 vt. & vi. 有益于；有助于；受益
1) n. 优势，益处（不可数）
She didn’t get much benefit frm her staying abrad.
The discvery f il brught many benefits t the twn.
be f benefit beneficial t ... = t ne’s benefit 对某人有利
fr ne’s benefit = fr the benefit f sb. 为了帮助为了某人的利益
2） vt./ vi. 使受益；获益
benefit sb./ sth benefit frm/ by...
Hw can we benefit thse wh mst need ur help?
I feel that I have benefited greatly frm her wisdm.
3）beneficial有利的; 有裨益的; 有用的;
be beneficial t...
Using cmputers has a beneficial effect n children's learning.
A stay in the cuntry will be beneficial t his health.
cmbine [ˈbenifit] vt. & vi.（使）联合；（使）结合 - cmbinatin结合体; 联合体; 结合; 联合; 混合
cmbine A with/ and B
cut dwn (n sth)削减；删节
She used t wrk 50 hurs a week, but recently she's cut dwn.
The supermarket chain has prmised t cut dwn n packaging.
Unit 3
bring [briŋ] up 抚养；培养；教育；提出
She's always bringing up her health prblems.
g ahead [əˈhed] 前进；（用于祈使句）可以；往下说
The festival is nw ging ahead as planned.
by accident [ˈæksidənt] 偶然；无意中；不小心
I fund her letter by accident as I was lking thrugh my files.
stare [steə] vi. 凝视；盯着看
stare at 盯着看；凝视
Dn't stare at peple like that, it's rude.
She gave him a lng stare but didn't answer his questin.
spt [spɔt] vt. 发现；认出n. 斑点；污点；地点; (皮肤上的) 丘疹，疱疹，粉刺; 脓疱
n the spt 当场，立即，在现场
I wre that skirt with the green spts.
The plice were called and they were n the spt within three minutes.
accunt [əˈkaunt] vi.& vt. 认为；说明；总计有n. 说明；理由；计算；帐目
accuntable (对自己的决定、行为) 负有责任，有说明义务;
I clsed that bank accunt when I came t Lndn.
He desn't drink alchl n accunt f his pr health.
She was accunted a genius by all wh knew her wrk.
When planning a mapping, ne must take this int accunt: an instrument is interesting nly if it allws the discvery f unknwn features.
She is accuntable nly t the managing directr.
The recent tax refrms have made gvernment mre accuntable fr its spending
accunt fr 导致；做出解释；数量占比
Rice and wheat accunt fr nearly 75% f the ttal fd grains prduced.
seek [si:k] vt. & vi. (sught, sught) 寻找；探索；寻求
seek ne’s frtune 寻求财富/运气；寻找出路
She managed t calm him dwn and seek help frm a neighbr.
cntrary [ˈkɔntrəri] n. 反面；对立面 adj. 相反的；相违的
n the cntrary [ˈkɔntrəri] 与此相反；正相反
Cntrary t ppular belief, many cats dislike milk.
I was wrried that it might be t hard fr me but it turned ut the cntrary was true
"I thught yu said the film was exciting?" "On the cntrary, I nearly fell asleep half way thrugh it!"
take a chance 冒险；碰运气
Yu take a chance n the weather if yu hliday in the UK
in rags 衣衫褴褛
There were men, wmen and small children, sme dressed in rags.
as fr 关于；至于
As fr the mney, we’ll talk abut that later.
Unit 4
system [ˈsistəm] n. 系统；体系；制度 - adj. systematic
Under this system, many peple were prevented frm vting.
A systematic apprach shuld be adpted t cllecting infrmatin.
thery [ˈθiəri] n. 学说；理论- theretical [ˌθɪəˈretɪkl] 理论上的; 理论上存在的; 假设的;
Darwin's thery f evlutin
This research seems t give sme validity t the thery that the drug might cause cancer.
The threat f climate change is n lnger merely theretical.
vilent [ˈvaiələnt] adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的 - vilence n. 暴力; 暴行; 狂热; 激情; 激烈的力量
The mre vilent scenes in the film were cut when it was shwn n televisin.
in time 及时；终于 He stpped his cmpanin's mistake in time t avid an accident.
On time 按时 D take the medicine n time every day.
harmful [ˈhɑ:mful] adj. 有害的 - harmfulness 危害性 - harmfully adv. 有害地 - harm n. 伤害 v. 伤害 - harmless无害的; 不会导致损伤的; 不会引起不快的; 无恶意的
It's imprtant t prtect yur skin frm the harmful effects f the sun.
Children may be harmfully affected by ther peple being free t smke in public places.
The harmfulness f these plicies is very apparent.
Missing a meal nce in a while never did anyne any harm.
Fr a lng time, tbacc was thught t be a harmless.
exist [igˈzist] vi. 存在；生存 - existence n. 存在 - c-existence 共存
cme int existence 开始存在，成立 be in existence 存在
There exists n life n the mn.
Many peple questin the existence f Gd.
All ur advanced technlgy wuld never cme int existence n this planet.
The tw cmmunities enjyed a perid f peaceful cexistence.
The Department that yu are refering t is nt in existence.
give birth t 产生；分娩 She gave birth t twins.
in ne’s turn 轮到某人；接着 Each f us takes a break in turn.
prevent ... frm 阻止；制止 His disability prevents him (frm) driving.
puzzle [ˈpʌzl] n. 谜；难题 vt. & vi. （使）迷惑；（使）为难
puzzling adj.令人疑惑的 - puzzled adv.感到疑惑的
puzzle ver/abut sth 苦苦思索/仔细琢磨
What puzzles me is why he left the cuntry withut telling anyne.
It's a rather puzzling film. He had a puzzled lk n his face.
Scientists are puzzling ver the results f the research.
pull [pul]n. & vt.拉（力）；拖；牵引力n.拉力，引力
pull dwn 拆毁 pull in （火车等）进站 ；停车 pull ut 拔出，出站
The sun was s strng we had t pull dwn the blinds.
She pulled ut the drawer. He pulled in at the side f the rad。
cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋 She went shpping t cheer herself up.
nw that 既然
Nw that I live nly a few blcks frm wrk, I walk t wrk and enjy it.
Nw that the children have cleaned up, yu can let them g
break ut 突发；爆发 War brke ut in 1914.
watch ut 密切注视；当心；提防 Watch ut! It's rather wet ver there.
Unit 5
rather than 与其；不愿
I think I'd like t stay at hme this evening rather than g ut.
Helicpters are mainly used fr military rather than civil use.
I prefer phtgraphing peple rather than places.
chat [tʃæt] vi. & n. 聊天；闲聊 chat—chatted—chatted—chatting
have a chat with sb. 与某人聊天 chat rm 聊天室
She spends hurs n the phne chatting t her friends.
We were just chatting abut what we did last weekend.
I had a chat with my bss tday abut a pssible salary increase.
surrund [səˈraund] vt. & vi. 包围；围绕- surrunding周围的；附近的
A cunty usually cnsists f several twns and the rural areas which surrund them.
measure [ˈmeʒə] vi. & vt. 测量；衡量；判定 n.计量制；计量单位；措施 vt. 测量; 有…长/宽
The main bedrm measures 12m by 15m.
The main bedrm measuring 12m by 15m is mine.
n. 尺寸;措施
make sth t ne’s measure 量体裁衣; 量力而行
take measures t d… 采取措施做某事
The gvernment takes measures t prtect the air pllutin.
settle dwn 定居；平静下来；专心于
Eventually I'd like t settle dwn and have a family, but nt yet.
manage t d 设法做;成功地做到（了）某事=A succeeded in ding sth.
I see what yu mean, but if yu can manage t d it, everything will change
catch sight f 看见；瞥见
I caught sight f smene with red hair and knew it was yu.
have a gift fr 对……有天赋
She has a gift fr singing.
within [wiˈðin] prep. 在……之内
She managed t cmplete her last film well within budget.
brder [ˈbɔ:də] – brdering adj. 和…毗邻; 与…接壤;
n. 边界；国界；边沿vt. & vi. 与……接壤；接近
The train crsses the brder between France and Spain.
mix [miks] vt. & vi. 混合；调配 - mixture [ˈmikstʃə] n. 混合（物）；混合状态
mix up 弄错，弄乱
mixed feelings 混杂的感受
mixed dubles 混合双打
Mix the eggs int the flur.
Oil and water dn't mix. Even if yu shake them tgether they separate int tw layers.
If yu mix up the phts in my family album, I’ll never frgive yu!
Peple ften mix us up because we lk s similar.
I think yu're mixing me up with my sister.
cnfirm [kənˈfə:m] vt.证实；证明；批准 - n. cnfirmatin证实; 确认书; 证明书 —adj. cnfirmatry确实（定）的；证实的；批准的;
cnfirm sth/ that/wh-
Rumurs f jb lsses were later cnfirmed.
Has everyne cnfirmed (that) they are cming?
Can yu cnfirm what happened?
It is essential t btain cnfirmatin in writing
Investrs are lking fr cnfirmatin that the ecnmy is picking up speed.
Anyne wh tests psitive with a rapid test must get a cnfirmatry bld test.
wealthy [ˈwelθi] adj. 富有的—n. wealth
With their natural resurces they are ptentially a very wealthy cuntry.
Jim has a wealth f teaching experience.
distance [ˈdistəns] n. 距离；远方 - distant adj.远的
at a distance f num. 隔着…...的距离
in the distance 在远处
We culd see the muntains in the distance.
San Francisc is at a distance f abut 400 miles frm Ls Angeles.
traditin [trəˈdiʃən] n. 传统；风俗—traditinal adj.—traditinally adv.-- 传统主义者 traditinalist—traditinalism 传统主义
by traditin 按照惯例 religius/ cultural traditins 宗教/文化传统
The building's design is an interesting blend f traditinalism and mdernism.
Religius traditinalists bjected t theries f evlutin being taught in schls
The schl uses a cmbinatin f mdern and traditinal methds fr teaching reading
Firewrks have lng been an American traditin n the Furth f July.
impress [imˈpres] vt. 使印象深刻；使铭记—impressive adj. 令人赞叹的; 令人敬佩的
impress sb with sth/sb 使某人对...留下印象
He impressed us with his sincerity（真诚）.
impress sth n/upn sb 使某人对某事印象深刻；使某人铭记
He impressed n us the need fr immediate actin.
That was an impressive perfrmance frm such a yung tennis player.
impressin n. 印象—impressinable adj. 易受影响的—Impressinism n.印象主义
get a gd/bad impressin f sb 对某人印象好/坏
a general/an verall impressin 总体印象
be under the impressin that 觉得，认为
What was yur impressin f Charltte's husband?
My wrds made n impressin n her. 我的话没有给她留下印象。
His trip t India makes a strng impressin n him.
I was under the impressin that the wrk had already been cmpleted.
Yu dn't want t cnvey the impressin that we're nt interested.
He's at that impressinable age when he's very easily led by ther children.
相关试卷
专题四 必修4重点词汇-2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期末考试备考满分冲刺专题： 这是一份专题四 必修4重点词汇-2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期末考试备考满分冲刺专题，文件包含专题四必修4重点词汇讲解部分2019-2020学年高一下学期期末考试备考满分冲刺专题学生版doc、专题四必修4重点词汇讲解部分2019-2020学年高一下学期期末考试备考满分冲刺专题教师版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共28页， 欢迎下载使用。
专题三 必修3重点语法讲解部分—2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期末考试备考满分冲刺专题： 这是一份专题三 必修3重点语法讲解部分—2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期末考试备考满分冲刺专题，文件包含专题三必修3重点语法讲解部分2019-2020学年高一下学期期末考试备考满分冲刺专题-英语学生版doc、专题三必修3重点语法讲解部分2019-2020学年高一下学期期末考试备考满分冲刺专题-英语教师版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共34页， 欢迎下载使用。
专题五 必修4重点句型讲解部分-2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期末考试备考满分冲刺专题： 这是一份专题五 必修4重点句型讲解部分-2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期末考试备考满分冲刺专题，文件包含专题五必修4重点句型讲解部分2019-2020学年高一下学期期末考试备考满分冲刺专题学生版doc、专题五必修4重点句型讲解部分2019-2020学年高一下学期期末考试备考满分冲刺专题教师版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共22页， 欢迎下载使用。
