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专题11 应用文体类阅读理解 -2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考专用）
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这是一份专题11 应用文体类阅读理解 -2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考专用），文件包含专题11应用文体类阅读理解原卷版doc、专题11应用文体类阅读理解解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共64页， 欢迎下载使用。
专题11 应用文体类阅读理解（解析版）
应用信息文是用来处理和解决生产、学习、工作、生活中的实际事务和问题的一种文章，它具有很强的实用性。它的最基本特点就是“用”，为用而写，有用才写，内容十分贴近生活。
该文体一般可分为两大类：一类是说明性应用文，包括广告、启事、海报、守则、公告、指南、个人简历、备忘录、摘要等；另一类是叙述性应用文，如书信、日记、便条、报告、请帖等。目的都是向读者传输信息。高考试题主要涉及宣传广告、公告类应用文，偶尔也会有书信类文章出现。从近三年高考全国卷阅读理解中应用文的话题分布情况可知，前一类是应用文命题的首选题材，其中包括广告、海报和指南等。
一、解题策略
1. 考情分析
全国高考英语考试说明明确指出，要求考生读懂一般性话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中的简短文章，这说明了应用文文体在高考英语中的重要性。这个特点在历年高考试题中有明显的印证，不管是全国高考卷，还是省区高考卷中基本每年都涉及应用文文体的考查，这充分体现了＂为用而学，学以致用＂的新课程理念。因此，考生很有必要认真研读阅读理解中应用文的特征和命题特点，并掌握一定的解题方法。本文拟结合近年高考英语全国卷阅读理解中所涉及的应用文文体，帮助考生提高阅读理解的解题能力。
应用信息文主要考查类型
1.广告*
2.专业说明*
3.简介
4.书信通知
（注：加*为重点考查类型）
2. 记叙文特点
在高考英语阅读理解中应用文体的考查主要有如下几个特点：
1. 就文体特点而言，应用文主要是为了向读者传递信息，措辞简洁明了，一般来说，和所述问题无关的文字不会出现。例如很多文章没有标题，甚至通篇没有一个完整的句子，而是用词、数字、缩写、短语等来替代。
2. 就选材特点来说，信息量大，文句精练，形式灵活，用最小的篇幅表述最大量的信息。其中书信，招聘和商品销售等广告，交通运输时刻表，日记等的比例较大。其内容特点表现为：生活化，实用化，多样化。
3. 就形式特点而言，标题醒目，重点突出，条理清晰，常用粗体字或各类项目符号使文章结构更鲜明。
4. 就语言特点来说，文章充斥大量冗长而生僻的专有名词，如人名、地名、机构名、组织名、书籍名、作品名等等，而且没有汉语注释。缩略词、祈使句、省略句多。
5. 在行文方式方面，应用文的每种文体都有固定的格式。叙述性应用文采用一般记叙文的写作方法，无特别之处；说明性应用文的行文呈排列式，即以小标题为单位逐一下行排列。
6. 就命题特点来说，高考英语应用文的设问一般是按照文章段落的顺序依次设置，主要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既考查对特定细节的选取、排除、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查，题目设置相对容易。具体讲来主要有四大类：(1)细节理解题，即要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。这一题型常见的命题方式有事实认定题、图形辨认题、数字运算题等。(2)推理判断题。这类题主要考查考生根据文章的字面意思，通过分析语篇的逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题。(3)主旨大意题。该类题主要考查考生对所读材料中心思想的概括.其考查形式有很多，如概括标题、主题、中心思想等。(4)词义猜测题，即要求考生根据一定的上下文猜测生词的词义。
3. 得分要点
考生必须掌握应对应用文阅读的一些常见技巧或方法，这样有利于快速、准确地答题。
1. 夯实基础
尽量多积累一些非考纲单词和一些常见的缩写词语，由于应用文中常常出现大量的缩写词和一些生词，这就要求同学们平时要在老师的指导下，有意识地尽量多积累一些非考纲单词和一些常见的缩写词语。
例如：表时间，路程，数量：am=morning， pm=afternoon， Mon=Monday， Jan.=January，hr=hour， hrs =hours， P.W.=perweek，ml= mile，doz=dozen，Max=maximum，Min=minimum
表通信和影视设备：Te1.=telephone number， Ph.=phone
表媒体：VOA=Voice of America，BBC=British Broadcasting Corporation
表学历、职业：MA=Master of Arts，BS degree= bachelor’s degree(学士学位)，prof.=professor，Dr.=doctor，VIP=very important persons
表国家、组织、地点：the USA=the United States of America，the PRC=the People’s Republic of China，WTO=World Trade Organization，co.=company，Add(r).=address，Sta=Station，Mt=Mountain
表方向：s=south， n=north， w=west，e=east
其他：Lid=Limited，P=page，pop=popular，Xmas=Christmas，info=information，ad=advertisement，vs=versus，PC=personal computer 等等。
2. 宜采用＂题干定位法＂
应用文阅读材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能满足各种人对信息的需求，但在高考试题中，常常是就某一点提问，以细节理解题为主，考生完全没有必要从头到尾全部仔细阅读，因为材料中有很多冗余无效信息。做此类题时，宜采用＂题干定位法＂，即先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，按照题目顺序依次有针对性地结合题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，阅读相关部分，快速寻找有效信息，再把原文和选项相比较。当问题与材料相同的时候，对号入座；如果问题与原文不同，则可以同义替换、归纳事实等。要注意根据所提问题采用寻读、跳读的方法，这样往往可以达到事半功倍的效果。
3. 补全成分法
省略词和省略句在应用文阅读材料中大量出现，对于影响语境理解的省略情况，我们应结合全文语境及逻辑关系将省略句补全，从而更加准确地理解。例如：Driver wanted. 根据文意，可将该句补充为＂A driver will be wanted.(招聘一名司机。) ＂。
4. 排除法
排除法在应用文阅读中也应用得较多，即排除与文章内容不一致的错误信息，从而确定正确选项。
应用信息文解题注意事项
1.不要刻意理解每个词，切勿对内容过分进行理解；
2.文章每一段落相互独立。
应用信息文解题步骤
1.读准第一段（含题目），把握文章中心；
2.按顺序略读小标题，把握文章段落结构分布；
3.针对每道小题，按顺序在文中寻找答案。
二、高考真题
1.【2021年新高考Ⅰ卷A篇】
Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel （旅社）. The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around＄25 a night, and for that, you'll often get to stay in a central location（位置）with security and comfort.
Yellow Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It's one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It's affordable, and it's got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it's close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
If you're looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn't charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it's close to all of the city's main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
1.What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel?
A.Comfort. B.Security. C.Price. D.Location.
2.Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?
A.Yellow Hostel. B.Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C.Youth Station Hostel. D.Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
3.What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes?
A.It gets noisy at night. B.Its staff is too talkative.
C.It charges for Wi-Fi. D.Its inconveniently located.
【文章大意】本文为应用文，主要介绍罗马四个旅行社的特色。
【解析】1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句"Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why…"可知，在罗马旅游可能会很昂贵，因此人们会比较关注价格因素。故选C。
2.B【解析】 细节理解题。根据题干"an active social life"定位到第三段第一句"If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome."可知，Hostel Alessandro Palace最适合社交。故选B。
3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据题干定位到第五段，由第五段最后一句 "However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi." 可知，HHDA旅馆的Wi-Fi是收费的。故选C。
2.【2021年全国甲卷 A篇】
Take a view, the Landscape（风景） Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers. Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the best photography of the British landscape. Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all corners of the UK and beyond.
Mike Shepherd
(2011)
Skiddaw in Winter
Cumbria, England
It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air. I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and thought it was only a short climb. I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sun setting in the west. I used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop, to achieve the black-and-white image（图像）.
Timothy Smith
(2014)
Macclesfield
Forest
Cheshire, England
I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images. Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe, a local high point, I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow. The small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to take the view from the foreground right through into the forest.
1.Who would most probably enter for Take a view?
A.Writers. B.Photographers. C.Painters. D.Tourists.
2.What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common?
A.They are winter images.
B.They are in black and white.
C.They show mountainous scenes.
D.They focus on snow-covered forests.
3.Where can the text be found?
A.In a history book. B.In a novel. C.In an art magazine. D.In a biography.
【文章大意】本文为应用文，主要介绍了英国风景摄影比赛Take a view及其两位摄影师参赛作品的内容。
1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据题干enter for Take a view定位到第一段第二句Each year, the highstandard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform toshowcase the very best photography of the British landscape. 每年参加比赛的高标准已经表明了这个奖项是展示英国风景摄影最完美的平台，可知最有可能参加这个比赛项目的人应该是B项摄影家。
2.A【解析】推理判断题。根据题干关键词 "Shepherd and Smith have in common " 定位在原文Shepherd and Smith Mike Shepherd图表中的It was an extremely coldwinter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air和Timothy Smith图表中I wasback in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images，理解可知shepherd和Smith二人作品的共同点是它们都是关于冬天的图像。故选A项。
3.C【解析】推理判断题。根据全文可知Take a view是一项针对英国摄影师的每年一度的比赛，并有两位摄影师Shepherd 和Smith用自己的作品参与了比赛可知，这篇文章有可能在艺术杂志里找到，而不是A项的故事书、B项的小说或D项的个人自传。
3.【2021年全国乙卷A篇】
The Biggest Stadiums in the World
People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 80 A.D., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best-known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design. Rome's Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50, 000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city's Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250, 000 people.
These days, safety regulations—not to mention the modern sports fan's desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities （容量）slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.
For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.
All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.
●Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang, D.P.R. Korea. Capacity: 150, 000. Opened: May 1, 1989.
●Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107, 601. Opened: October 1, 1927.
●Beaver Stadium, Sate College, Pennsylvania, U.S. Capacity: 106, 572. Opened: September 17, 1960.
●Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104, 944. Opened: October 7, 1922.
●Kyle Field College Station, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102, 512. Opened: September 24, 1927.
1.How many people could the Circus Maximus hold?
A.104,944. B.107,601. C.About 150,000. D.About 250,000.
2 Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest?
A.Michigan Stadium. B.Beaver Stadium.
C.Ohio Stadium. D.Kyle Field.
3. What do the listed stadiums have in common?
A.They host big games. B.They have become tourist attractions.
C.They were built by Americans. D.They are favored by architects.
【文章大意】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了当今世界上最大的体育场。
【解析】
1.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据题干信息Circus Maximus，定位到原文第一段最后一句However, that was small fry compared with the city's Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250, 000 people.分析可知，Circus Maximus大约可以容纳250, 000人。故选D。
2.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据题干信息oldest，定位到文章结尾部分，其中包括各个体育场的成立日期。分析可知，Ohio Stadium的成立日期最早，为1922年10月7日，因此它是最老的体育场。故选C。
3.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据题干信息the listed stadiums，定位到文章结尾部分。分析可知，文章没有明确说明它们是否都有成为旅游景点，故排除B；其中的Rungrado 1st of May Stadium建设于朝鲜平壤，因此这些场馆并不都是由美国人建造的，故排除C；文章也没有明确说明它们都受到了建筑师的喜爱，故排除D。但由原文最后一段的第一句话All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport. 可知，这些体育场现在都还在正常使用中，会举办大型体育比赛。故选A。
二、2020年高考真题
一、【2020·全国卷I，A】
Train Information
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information, please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled, there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property（失物招领）
Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services. The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30 am to 5:00 pm and is located（位于）at Roma Street station.
Public holidays
On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e. Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate. Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable. Before travel please visit translink. com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.
Customers using mobility devices
Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms. For assistance, please call Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.
Guardian trains (outbound)
Depart
Origin
Destination
Arrive
6:42pm
Altandi
Varsity Lakes
7:37pm
7:29pm
Central
Varsity Lakes
8:52pm
8:57pm
Fortitude Valley
Varsity Lakes
9:52pm
11:02pm
Roma Street
Varsity Lakes
12:22am
1. What would you do to get ticket information?
A. Call 13 16 17. B. Visit translink.com.au.
C. Ask at the local station. D. Check the train schedule.
2. At which station can you find the lost property office?
A. Altandi. B. Roma Street. C. Varsity Lakes. D. Fortitude Valley.
3. Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?
A.6:42 pm. B.7:29 pm. C.8:57 pm. D.11:02 pm.
【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些火车信息，包括失物招领、公共假期安排以及列车出发时间等信息。
1. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中For ticket information, please ask your local station or call 13 12 30.可知查询车票信息，请向您当地的车站询问或拨打131230。由此可知，你可以询问当地车站或拨打131230来获得车票信息。故选C。
2. B【解析】细节理解题。根据Lost property部分中The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located at Roma Street station.可知失物招领处周一至周五早上7:30到下午5:00营业，位于罗马街车站。由此可知，在Roma Street你可以找到失物招领办公室。故选B。
3. B【解析】细节理解题。根据Guardian trans部分中信息，可知从起始地Central出发，开往目的地Varsity Lakes的火车是下午7:29开车。由此可知，如果你要从Central去往Varsity Lakes，你应当乘坐下午7:29的火车。故选B。
二、【2020· 江苏卷，A】
Some important dates in China’s fighting Covid-19 before May 7,2020
Jan 20, 2020~ Feb 20,2020
Jan 23: Wuhan declared temporary outbound (向外的) traffic restrictions.
Jan 24: National medical teams began to be sent to Hubei and Wuhan.
Jan 27: The Central Steering (指导) Group arrived in Wuhan.
Feb 18: The daily number of newly cured and discharged (出院) patients exceeded that of the newly confirmed cases.
Feb 21, 2020~ Mar 17,2020
Feb 21: Most provinces and equivalent administrative units started to lower their public health emergency response level.
Feb 24: The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press conference in Beijing.
Mar 11-17: The epidemic (流行病) peak had passed in China as a whole.
Mar 18,2020 ~Apr 28,2020
Apr1: Chinese customs began NAT (核酸检测) on inbound arrivals at all points of entry.
Apr 8: Wuhan lifted outbound traffic restrictions.
Apr 26: The last Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from hospital.
Apr 29, 2020~ May 7,2020
Apr 30: The public health emergency response was lowered to Level 2 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.
May 7: The State Council released Guidelines on Conducting Covid-19 Prevention and Control on an Ongoing Basis.
1. What happened between January 20 and February 20?
A. The Central Steering Group arrived in Wuhan.
B. The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press conference.
C. The last Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from hospital.
D. Beijing lowered its emergency response level.
2. From which date were private cars allowed to go out of Wuhan?
A. January 23. B. March 11. C. April 8. D. May 7.
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了2020年5月7日前，中国抗击新冠肺炎的重要日期。
1. A【解析】细节理解题。根据表格中Jan20, 2020-Feb 20，2020部分 Jan27: The Central Steering (指导) Group arrived in Wuhan.可知，在一月二十号到二月二十号之间，中央领导小组抵达武汉。故选A。
2. C【解析】推理判断题。根据表格中Mar18, 2020-Apr28, 2020部分Apr 8: Wuhan lifted outbound traffic restrictions(4月8日:武汉取消出境交通限制)可推知，从四月八日起，私家车被允许离开武汉。故选C。
三、【2020·全国卷II，A】
The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History, Culture & Landscape（景观）. Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and award-winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open：29 Mar-29 Oct，Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom，Gardens & Gift Shop：10.30-17.00（16.00 in Oct）.
House：11.15-16.00（15.00 in Oct）.
Town: Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open: Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays. 10.30 -17.00 Summer.10.30 -16.00 Winter.
Town：Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover, explore and enjoy award-winning Tullie House, where historic collections, contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery. There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun, so there’s something for everyone!
Open: High Season 1 Apr – 31 Oct: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 17.00, Sun 11.00 – 17.00.
Low Season 1 Nov – 31 Mar: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 16.30, Sun 12.00 – 16.30.
Town: Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth’s inspirational home. Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum. Visit the shop and relax in the café. Exhibitions, events and family activities throughout the year.
Open: Daily, 09.30 – 17.30 (last admission 17.00).
Town: Grasmere
21. When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July?
A.09.30—17.30. B.10.30—16.00. C. 11.15—16.00. D.12.00—16.30.
22. What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum?
A. Enjoy Ronney’s works. B. Have some interactive fun.
C. Attend a famous festival. D. Learn the history of a family
23. Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth’s life?
A. Penrith. B. Kendal. C. Carlisle. D. Grasmere.
【文章大意】本文是应用文。是湖区景点指南，介绍了几个主要的景点的特色，地点和参观时间。
21. C【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的Dalemain Mansion& Historic Gardens 可知定位在第一部分，根据段中的House:11:15-16:00可知，在7月周日的参观时间是11:15-16:00。C. 11:15-16:00.符合以上说法，故选C项。
22. A【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的Abbot Hall Art Gallery& Museum可知答案定位在第二部分，根据其中的The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.(令人印象深刻的永久性收藏包括特纳和罗姆尼，临时展览计划有卡纳莱托和来自圣艾夫斯的艺术家)可知，在这个博物馆可以欣赏到Romneys的作品。A. Enjoy Romney’s works.(欣赏Romneys的作品)符合以上说法，故选A项。
23. D【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的explore Wordsworth’s life可知答案定位在最后一部分第一句，以及最后一行Town: Grasmere可知，如果想了解Wordsworth’s的生活，可以去Grasmere。D. Grasmere.符合以上说法，故选D项。
四、【2020·全国卷III，A】
Journey Back in Time with Scholars
Classical Provence(13days)
Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence，France，with Prof. Ori Z. Soltes. We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin. Fields of flowers, tile-roofed(瓦屋顶)villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience.
Southern Spain(15days)
Spain has lovely white towns and the scent(芳香)of oranges，but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks，Romans and Arabs. As we travel south from Madrid with Prof. Ronald Messier to historic Toledo，Roman Merida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture.
China’s Sacred Landscapes(21days)
Discover the China of past ages，its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with Prof. Robert Thorp. Highlights(精彩之处)include China’s most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzbou’s rolling hills，waterways and peaceful temples. We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai.
Tunisia(17days)
Join Prof. Pedar Foss on our in-depth Tunisian tour. Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga，the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata，uique for underground cities. Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches.
21. What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain？
A. Historical monuments. B. Fields of flowers.
C. Van Gogh’s paintings. D. Greek buildings.
22. Which country is Prof. Thorp most knowledgeable about？
A. France. B. Spain. C. China. D. Tunisia.
23. Which of the following highlight the Tunisian tour？
A. White towns. B. Underground cities. C. Tile-roofed villages. D. Rolling hills.
【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个国家中，那些可以让人们回顾过去的著名景点。
21. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一部分的We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. (我们将参观一些世界上保存最完好的罗马建筑遗迹)和第二部分的we explore historical monuments and architecture.(我们探索历史遗迹和建筑)可知，在Classical Provence 和Southern Spain游客们可以参观历史遗迹。A. Historical monuments（历史遗迹）符合以上说法，故选A项。
22. C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三部分的China's Sacred Landscapes (21days)(中华神山 21天)和Discover the China of ''past ages'', its walled cities, temples and mountain scenery with Prof Robert Thorp. Highlights include China's most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills, waterways and peaceful temples (和Robert教授一起发现中国的过去，有墙的城市、寺庙和山景。精彩之处包括中国最神圣的泰山之巅，杭州起伏的群山、运河和宁静的寺庙)可知，去中国的神山之行总共有27天，而且Thorp对中国的名山非常了解。由此推测Thorp在这四个国家里最了解中国。C. China(中国)符合以上说法，故选C项。
23. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四部分的Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga, the underground Mumidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Taraounine and Matmata, unique for underground cities.(突尼斯的旅游亮点包括罗马城市Dougga，地下城市Mumidian,它是Bulla Regia的首府，Roman Sbeitla以及在Taraounine和Matmata附近的区域，它们是独特的地下城市)可知，突尼斯的旅游亮点是地下城市。B. Underground cities(地下城市)符合以上说法，故选B项。
五、【2020·新高考全国卷I（山东卷），A】
POETRY CHALLENGE
Write a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
Prizes
3 Grand Prizes:Trip to Washington, D. C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winner’s choice. Trip includes round-trip air tickets, hotel stay for two nights, and tours of the National Air and Space Museum and the office of National Geographic World.
6 First Prizes:The book Sky Pioneer:A Photobiography of Amelia Earhart signed by author Corinne Szabo and pilot Linda Finch.
50 Honorable Mentions:Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart’s final flight.
Rules
Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.
■Write a poem using 100 words or fewer. Your poem can be any format, any number of lines.
■Write by hand or type on a single sheet of paper. You may use both the front and back of the paper.
■On the same sheet of paper, write or type your name, address, telephone number, and birth date.
■Mail your entry to us by October 31 this year.
1. How many people can each grand prize winner take on the free trip?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Six.
2. What will each of the honorable mention winners get?
A. A plane ticket. B. A book by Corinne Szabo.
C. A special T-shirt. D. A photo of Amelia Earhart.
3. Which of the following will result in disqualification?
A. Typing your poem out. B. Writing a poem of 120 words.
C. Using both sides of the paper. D. Mailing your entry on October 30.
【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。本文是一篇诗歌大赛的征稿启事。文章就参赛作品的内容、奖项、参赛规则等做了介绍。
1. A【解析】细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第一段中的“Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winner's choice”可知，每位获奖者都可以带一名家长和另一名由获奖者选择的人员。因此，每位获奖者可以带两个人。故选A。
2. C【解析】细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第三段“50 Honorable Mentions: Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart's final flight”可知，每位优秀奖获奖者都将获得一件纪念埃尔哈特最后一次飞行的T恤。故选C。
3. B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一部分中的“Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification. Write a poem using 100 words or fewer”可知，所写的诗字数不能超过100字。否则，将会被取消资格。故结合选项，B选项(写一首120字的诗)是会被取消资格的。故选B。
三、模拟演练
一、
New events and changes of junior golf competition calendar
New events
Notah BegayⅢ Junior Golf National Championship
What does a junior golfer aim to pursue? One thing is to be noticed, ideally by a college coach. A remarkable opportunity will be offered by the Notah BegayⅢ Junior Golf National Championship to its participants: an event broadcast by Golf Channel. Players aged between eight and 18 can compete in the new event; information about where and when it will be held will be released later.
Barbasol Junior Championship
Beginning the career in the PGA Tour is something that a junior golfer tends to dream of. The Barbasol Junior Championship, which is scheduled to take place between June 29 and July 2 at Keene Trace Golf Club in Nicholasville, Kentucky, will provide such an opportunity. Boys under 19 years old will qualify for this new 54-hole event, and the winner will be awarded a spot at the PGA Tour's Barbasol Championship in July.
Changed events
Thunderbird International Junior
The dates of the AJGA's Thunderbird International Junior have to be changed since the NCAA Championships move to Grayhawk Golf Club in Scottsdale, Arizona, for the next three years. Generally, the Thunderbird is played at the end of May. However, this year it is scheduled on different dates for the first time, from April 9 to 12, which means, of course, that the finish date is on Masters Sunday.
Gator Invitational
Junior golf intends to prepare for the following college golf. If this is the case, then it is crucial to simulate the higher-level experience as much as possible. Because of that, the Gator Invitational, as a junior boys' event, has made a significant decision on becoming a 54-hole event by adding a round this year. The new version will be played from March 13 to 15 at The Country Club of Jackson in Jackson, Mississippi.
1．Which event can be watched on TV?
A．Notah BegayⅢ Junior Golf National Championship. B．Barbasol Junior Championship.
C．Thunderbird International Junior. D．Gator Invitational.
2．When will the Thunderbird International Junior be played?
A．At the end of May. B．From April 9 to 12.
C．Between June 29 and July 2. D．From March 13 to 15.
3．What has been changed about the Gator Invitational?
A．The award given to the winner B．The place where it is played.
C．The required age of the players. D．The number of rounds it has.
【答案】
1．A
2．B
3．D
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了充满新事件和变化的少年高尔夫比赛日程。
1．细节理解题。根据小标题Notah BegayⅢ Junior Golf National Championship中的 “A remarkable opportunity will be offered by the Notah BegayⅢ Junior Golf National Championship to its participants: an event broadcast by Golf Channel.” Notah BegayⅢ青少年高尔夫全国锦标赛将为参加者提供一个非凡的机会:由高尔夫频道转播的赛事。由此可知Notah BegayⅢ Junior Golf National Championship能在电视上观看。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据小标题Thunderbird International Junior中的“However, this year it is scheduled on different dates for the first time, from April 9 to 12, …” 然而，今年的比赛第一次安排在不同的日期，从4月9日到12日......由此可知Thunderbird International Junior在4月9日到12日进行。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据小标题Gator Invitational中的“Because of that, the Gator Invitational, as a junior boys' event, has made a significant decision on becoming a 54-hole event by adding a round this year.” 正因为如此，Gator邀请赛，作为一项初级男孩赛事，做出了一个重大决定，在今年增加一轮比赛，成为一项54-hole赛事，由此可知，Gator Invitational比赛的数量发生了变化。故选D。
【点睛】
应用文多是细节理解题。一般定位关键词适用于解答细节理解题。通过定位关键词解题，考生在阅读题干时，把题干中有标记意义的词或词组划记出来，或者选项中的关键词，然后用这个词回到原文当中定位。如小题2题干中的Thunderbird International Junior，再如小题3题干中的Gator Invitational，定位回到原文中，可以帮助快速找出答案。
二、
The idea of billions of people going through a few masks a week during this pandemic definitely rings alarm bells, but a team of researchers in Melbourne may have the solution.
They’ve discovered that adding millions of discarded face masks to road-paving (铺路) mixtures would actually lower the cost of the road, while preventing billions of them from landfills. Just one kilometer of road would need three million masks, and the polypropylene (聚丙烯) plastic used to make single-use surgical face masks also increased the flexibility and durability of the road.
The new material is a mixture of about 2% torn masks, with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA)—a material obtained from waste concrete and other minerals from destroyed buildings. This recycled material was found in the study to be ideal for two of the four layers generally required to create roadways. Paving a kilometer of two-way road with the RCA and three million face masks would result in a change of 93 tons of waste from landfills.
The final product then is more resistant to wear than asphalt (沥青), as well as being cheaper too, provided there was a method for collecting masks. The research team did a cost-analysis and found that, at $26 per ton, the RCA was about half the cost of mining raw materials, and as much as a third of the cost of shipping the used masks to a landfill.
The widespread application would be ideal for large infrastructure (基础设施) projects. For example, Washington has the 11th worst roads in terms of unaddressed repairs in the U.S. If the damaged roads in Washington state were repaired with the RCA/mask mixture, it would reuse nearly 10 billion masks, sparing American landfills hundreds of millions of tons of trash.
It’s said that the team is looking for private industry partners or governments willing to give their plastic mask road an opportunity for a large-scale test.
8．What does the underlined word “discarded” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Recycled. B．Produced.
C．Mixed. D．Abandoned.
9．What is the new material used to pave ways made of?
A．2% torn masks, concrete and tons of trash.
B．Polypropylene plastic and building materials.
C．Single-use surgical masks and recycled concrete aggregate.
D．Waste concrete and other minerals from destroyed buildings.
10．Why are numbers mentioned in paragraph 5?
A．To tell us what the team has found.
B．To prove this material is cost-effective in paving roads.
C．To explain repairing roads costs a lot of materials.
D．To praise the hard work the team has done.
11．What can we learn from the text?
A．The material used to pave roads is made of masks.
B．Generally speaking, it requires two layers to create roadways.
C．It remains to be tested whether the solution is practical.
D．The damaged roads in Washington were repaired with the RCA．
【答案】
8．D
9．C
10．B
11．C
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了疫情大流行期间每周有大量的口罩被扔掉，墨尔本的一组研究人员计划将人们用过的废弃口罩添加到铺路的混合材料中去，不过该解决方案是否可行还有待测试。
8．词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子“They’ve discovered that adding millions of face masks to road-paving (铺路) mixtures would actually lower the cost of the road, while preventing billions of them from landfills.”可知，他们发现，将数百万个口罩添加到铺路混合料中，实际上可以降低道路成本，同时防止数十亿个口罩被填埋。根据第一段的“The idea of billions of people going through a few masks a week during this pandemic definitely rings alarm bells, but a team of researchers in Melbourne may have the solution.”可知，疫情大流行期间每周有数十亿人戴着口罩的想法肯定会敲响警钟，但墨尔本的一组研究人员可能有解决方案。将上下文结合起来可知，解决方案是将人们用过的废弃口罩添加到铺路的混合材料中去。由此可知，划线单词意为“被遗弃的”。故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Just one kilometer of road would need three million masks, and the polypropylene (聚丙烯) plastic used to make single-use surgical face masks also increased the flexibility and durability of the road. ”可知，仅一公里的道路就需要300万个口罩，而用于制造一次性手术口罩的聚丙烯塑料也提高了道路的柔韧性和耐用性。再根据第三段的“The new material is a mixture of about 2% torn masks, with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA)—a material obtained from waste concrete and other minerals from destroyed buildings.”可知，这种新材料是约2％破损口罩与再生混凝土骨料（RCA）的混合物，后者是从废弃混凝土和被毁建筑物中的其他矿物中获得的。由此可知，铺路用的新材料是一次性使用口罩和再生混凝土骨料组成的。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据第五段的“For example, Washington has the 11th worst roads in terms of unaddressed repairs in the U.S. If the damaged roads in Washington state were repaired with the RCA/mask mixture, it would reuse nearly 10 billion masks, sparing American landfills hundreds of millions of tons of trash.”可知，例如，就美国未解决的维修而言，华盛顿的道路是美国第11糟糕的。如果使用再生混凝土骨料（RCA）和口罩的混合物来修复华盛顿州受损的道路，它将重复使用近100亿个口罩，从而使美国的垃圾掩埋场减少数亿吨的垃圾填埋。由此可知，第5段中提到的数字是为证明这种材料在铺路时具有成本效益。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“It’s said that the team is looking for private industry partners or governments willing to give their plastic mask road an opportunity for a large-scale test.”可知，据说，该团队正在寻找愿意为其塑料口罩道路提供大规模测试机会的私营行业合作伙伴或政府。由此可知，该解决方案是否可行还有待测试。故选C。
三、
Inside the World's Largest Flower Show
The RI IS Hampton Court Palace Flower Show is the largest annual garden and flower show in the world. The showground covers 33 acres and most visitors stay for about 5 hours. It takes place in the grounds of Hampton Court Palace each July and is organized by the Royal Horticultural Society （RHS）.
Getting There
The nearest train station is Hampton Court. Full information of all travel options can be seen on the Getting to Hampton Court Palace page.
Tickets
Ticket prices start from £21.50.
Prices vary depending on the time and date of your visit.
Each full paying adult may bring two children aged 16 and under free of charge to the show.
Tickets are available on the door.
Opening Times
10a.m. until 7:30p.m.. It closes at 5:30p.m. on Sunday.
Tuesday and Wednesday: RHS Members only.
Official Website: www.rhs.org.uk
Tips for Visiting
● You could visit Hampton Court Palace on the same day but allow plenty of time as it takes 3-5 hours to visit the flower show and 1-3 hours to visit the palace.
● This is a temporary outdoor event on open parkland and is subject to varying weather and ground conditions. A temporary walkway is laid but it can still get pretty muddy if there's been heavy rain. Open-toed shoes and high heels arc not usually appropriate footwear.
● Left Luggage and a drugstore service arc both available on the show site.
● The Advisory Service offers free gardening advice to visitors. Check the information boards for locations.
● Plant and Product Deposit: There is a plant and product deposit service available where you leave your purchases while you enjoy the rest of your day out.
21．Where can you get the tickets?
A．On the website. B．At the station.
C．At the entrance. D．In the garden.
22．What can you get for free?
A．Drugs. B．Flowers.
C．Gardening advice. D．Transportation.
23．Which of the following helps to make a more enjoyable visit?
A．Sparing sufficient time. B．Consulting the information desk.
C．Wearing whatever shoes they like. D．Making good use of deposit service.
【答案】
21．C
22．C
23．A
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要向游客介绍世界上最大的花展及游览建议。
21．细节理解题。根据Tickets部分“Tickets are available on the door.（可以在门口得到票。）”可知，在入口处可以得到票，故选C项。
22．细节理解题。根据Tips for Visiting部分“The Advisory Service offers free gardening advice to visitors.（咨询服务会免费为游客提供园艺方面的建议。）”可知，园艺方面的建议是免费的，故选C项。
23．推理判断题。根据Tips for Visiting部分“You could visit Hampton Court Palace on the same day but allow plenty of time as it takes 3-5 hours to visit the flower show and 1-3 hours to visit the palace.（你可以在同一天参观汉普顿皇宫，但是要花很长时间。花3小时观赏花，花1-3小时参观汉普顿皇宫。）”可知，参观花展和汉普顿皇宫需要花大量时间，所以花足够的时间可以得到一次更加愉快的参观体验，故选A项。
四、
Campeche is a city with a tumultuous history. Originally this area was settled by the Mayans. The first Spanish colonizers arrived in 1517 and established Campeche as the main port in the region. Unsurprisingly, this made Campeche an attractive target for pirates who first arrived in the late 16 century. For the next 200 years, Campeche was frequently attacked. Nevertheless, it is a delightful city and filled with interesting things to do.
Explore the old city of Campeche
There are a lot of beautiful restored old towns in Mexico, but Campeche is one of the nicest, cleanest and most elegant. The Campeche neighborhood is lovely and colorful, with neat sidewalks and smoothly laid out roads!
Wander along the Campeche Malecon
One of the nicest things about Campeche is its waterfront setting. The best way to enjoy that? Wandering along the malecon, or the walkway along the waterfront, just before sunset. This is the time when it cools down and everyone comes out to see things and to be seen. You'll see couples posing for photographers, joggers, cyclists, elderly people having conversations and groups of teenagers giggling.
Stop for a Bite at Calle 59
Calle 59 is a pedestrian-only street filled with outdoor tables from the surrounding restaurants. You can cat here at night, but a lot of people come for drinks. This is the one place in Campeche that feels touristy—its tables are filled with giant beers that get shared among multiple peoples.
1．Which of the following sentence can best describe Campeche?
A．Campeche has a large population.
B．Campeche is a city with mixed heritage.
C．Campeche has experienced years of civil war.
D．Campeche once appealed to pirates for its culture.
2．What's the best thing for visitors to do before sunset?
A．Having a nice walk along the malecon. B．Enjoying the atmosphere of Campeche.
C．Drinking beers in the restaurants. D．Taking some pictures of the sunset.
3．If you want to sense the touristy atmosphere the best choice is_____________.
A．Mexico. B．Calle 59.
C．The Campeche neighborhood. D．The Campeche Malecon.
【答案】
1．B
2．A
3．B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个名为Campeche的城市历史，以及游览它的一些建议。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Campeche is a city with a tumultuous history. Originally this area was settled by the Mayans. The first Spanish colonizers arrived in 1517 and established Campeche as the main port in the region. Unsurprisingly, this made Campeche an attractive target for pirates who first arrived in the late 16 century. For the next 200 years, Campeche was frequently attacked. (坎佩切是一个有着动荡历史的城市。最初是玛雅人在这一地区定居。第一批西班牙殖民者于1517年抵达这里，并将坎佩切建立为该地区的主要港口。不出所意料，这使得坎佩切成为了16世纪晚期首次来到这里的海盗的一个有吸引力的目标。在接下来的200年里，坎佩切经常遭到袭击)”可推知，坎佩切是一个有着混合遗迹的城市。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Wander along the Campeche Malecon部分中“The best way to enjoy that? Wandering along the malecon, or the walkway along the waterfront, just before sunset.(最好的享受方式是什么？在日落之前，沿着河边的海滨大道漫步)”可知，日落前游客最好沿着海滨大道好好走一走。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Calle 59 is a pedestrian-only street filled with outdoor tables from the surrounding restaurants. You can cat here at night, but a lot of people come for drinks. This is the one place in Campeche that feels touristy—its tables are filled with giant beers that get shared among multiple peoples.(Calle 59是一条步行街，到处都是周边餐厅的户外餐桌。你可以在晚上在这里吃饭，但是很多人来这里喝酒。这是坎佩切唯一一个游客常去的地方——它的桌子上摆满了可供多人分享的巨型啤酒)”可知，如果你想感受旅游的氛围，最好的选择是Calle 59。故选B。
五、
Muir Woods and Sausalito Half Day Tour
Wander through an ancient coastal redwood forest and explore the artistic bayside on this half-day tour from San Francisco. Travel across the Golden Gate Bridge to visit Muir Woods, home to some of the oldest and tallest trees on Earth. At the end of your tour choose between getting dropped off at Union Square in San Francisco or taking the ferry back to San Francisco.
Yosemite National Park and Giant Sequoias Day Trip
Discover the beauty of the Sierra Nevada on this full-day trip to Yosemite National Park from San Francisco. Travel aboard a comfortable van through historic Gold Rush towns to reach the park, where you’ll be amazed by supersized natural wonders. Take a hike among ancient trees, and enjoy several hours to explore the park’s wonders on your own.
Niagara Falls Tour
Escape from New York City and head north to see both sides of the Canadian border on this guided, 2-day tour to Niagara Falls. Visit Niagara Falls on both the American and Canadian sides and take a ride on the famous Maid of the Mist boat. Then, on the road back to New York City, make a stop to shop at the Crossings Premium Outlets, one of the largest outlet malls in the US.
Napa and Sonoma Wine Country Tour
Escape to California’s famous wine country on this full-day tour from San Francisco. Taste regional varietals at three different wineries including both big-name and family-run estates (庄园). Learn about the winemaking process during guided tours, and appreciate the regional culture with a stop for lunch.
1．Which tour should you choose if you want to do some shopping ?
A．Muir Woods and Sausalito Half Day Tour.
B．Yosemite National Park and Giant Sequoias Day Trip.
C．Niagara Falls Tour.
D．Napa and Sonoma Wine Country Tour.
2．What can you do on Napa and Sonoma Wine Country Tour ?
A．Appreciate some of the oldest and tallest trees on Earth.
B．Enjoy supersized natural wonders.
C．Get some winemaking knowledge.
D．Take a ride on the boat.
3．What does the writer intend to do by writing the passage?
A．To introduce some outdoor activities.
B．To share some tour experiences.
C．To advertise for the wine country.
D．To call for protecting natural wonders.
【答案】
1．C
2．C
3．A
【解析】本文是一篇广告布告类短文阅读。文章主要向读者介绍了四个不同户外活动。
1．细节理解题。根据文章Niagara Falls Tour中的Visit Niagara Falls on both the American and Canadian sides and take a ride on the famous Maid of the Mist boat. Then, on the road back to New York City, make a stop to shop at the Crossings Premium Outlets, one of the largest outlet malls in the US.可知，在回纽约市的路上，可以在crossing Premium Outlets停下来购物，这是美国最大的购物中心之一。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据文章Napa and Sonoma Wine Country Tour中的Learn about the winemaking process during guided tours, and appreciate the regional culture with a stop for lunch.可知，在纳帕和索诺玛葡萄酒乡村之旅中，可以在导游的带领下了解葡萄酒酿造过程。故选C。
3．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文是一篇广告布告类短文阅读。文章主要向读者介绍了四个不同户外活动。故选A。
【点睛】文章内容较为简单，文章考查到细节理解题，对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别。如小题2中选择项中Get some winemaking knowledge与文中的Learn about the winemaking process表达的同一个意思，这些都考生需要比较它们之间的细微区别。
六、
Field Trips Your Students Actually Want to Go On
Some of the best memories from grade school are made at field trips. Field trips offer students something they can’t get from lectures or textbook pages — hands -on fun! Here are some metro Detroit attractions to visit with your students. They're great places to make memories and, of course, learn something too!
1. Belle Isle Nature Center （Detroit）
Availability: Wednesday, Thursday or Friday at 10:30 a. m. , 11 :30 a. m. or 12:30 p. m.
Admission : Free
Enjoy both indoor and outdoor animal exhibits. Programs include a deer feeding, a hands - on activity and discovery time.
2. Michigan Science Center （Detroit）
Availability: Wednesday-Friday （ hours vary, also Tuesdays from Oct. 8, 2021, to Jan. 7,2022）
Admission : Varies by experience you select
Interact with more than 250 hands -on exhibits that explore space, health, physical science, engineering and more.
3. Diamond Jack's River Tours （Detroit）
Availability: Monday - Friday, May 1 to Oct. 31,at 9 :30 a. m. , 10:30 a. m. , 11 :30 a. m. or 12:30 p. m.
Admission : $ 9/person
Sec 16 miles of the U. S. and Canada Detroit River shoreline, ocean-going and Great Lakes ships, a light house, die fire boat, parks, ship terminals, a mail boat and much more.
4. Arts & Scraps (Detroit)
Availability: Monday, Wednesday or Friday
Admission : Varies by age and number in group
Let your students' imaginations run wild. They'll think, create and learn while re-imagining recycled industrial materials. You can create a customized topic.
1．Which of the following field trips is related to astronomy?
A．Arts &Scraps. B．Michigan Science Center.
C．Belle Isle Nature Center. D．Diamond Jack's River Tours.
2．Who is the text written for?
A．Teachers. B．Parents. C．Students. D．Scientists.
3．What are “field trips” according to the passage?
A．They are lectures that take place in open fields.
B．They are camps that all charge for an entrance fee.
C．They are visits to study something away from school.
D．They are tours connected with nature and physical science.
【答案】
1．B
2．A
3．C
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个实地考察项目的内容及开放时间等。
1．细节理解题。根据第二个项目Michigan Science Center部分“Interact with more than 250 hands-on exhibits that explore space, health, physical science, engineering and more.(与250多个探索太空、健康、物理科学、工程及更多的可以亲身体验的展品互动。)”可知，Michigan Science Center与天文学有关。故选B项。
2．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Here are some metro Detroit attractions to visit with your students.(这里有一些可以和你的学生一起参观的大都市底特律的景点。)”可知，本文是写给老师的。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Field trips offer students something they can’t get from lectures or textbook pages—hands-on fun!(实地考察给学生们提供了一些他们从课堂或课本上得不到的东西——亲身体验的乐趣。)”可知，实地考察是去学校以外的地方研究一些东西。故选C项。
七、
When British musician Paul Barton performs in central Thailand lately, the listeners react wildly. Some pull his hair or jump on his piano. Others steal his music. The behavior is normal, however, because these crowds are truly wild—wild monkeys to be exact.
Barton plays often to the animals in Lopburi, an area known for its populations of wild monkeys. The pianist hopes the music shows bring calm to the animals during the corona virus(COVID-19) crisis.
The disease has caused problems for the monkeys, too. They are hungry. The restrictions on tourism mean fewer people come to see the monkeys and feed them.
The monkeys quickly surround Barton when he plays Greensleeves, Beethoven's Fur Elise and Michael Nyman's Diary of Love. Some of the creatures sit on his chair, while others climb up his body and touch his head. But, Barton keeps his attention on his performance, even as a small monkey runs over his hands on the instrument. Other monkeys take control of his music papers. “I was glad and surprised to find that they were actually eating the music as I was playing it.”
The monkeys are Barton's latest animal fans. Past wildlife audience included elephants living in special protected areas. Barton hopes to raise people's awareness of the monkeys' hunger. At the same time, he hopes to study their behavior as they react to classical music.
“Come together and don't let the pandemic stop the wild monkeys getting good nutritious food. We need to make an effort to make sure that they eat properly. And when they eat properly they will be calmer,” said 59 -year-old Barton.
4．Why does the musician play to the wild monkeys?
A．To see the wild animals just being themselves. B．To study their behavior as they react to pop music.
C．To raise money for the wild monkeys' hunger. D．To help calm them during COVID -19 crisis.
5．What kind of music docs the musician play?
A．Contemporary music. B．Classical music.
C．Country music. D．Popular music.
6．What docs the underlined phrase “eating the music" in Paragraph 4 refer to ?
A．Stealing his music papers. B．Eating his music papers.
C．Disturbing his performance. D．Enjoying his playing
7．What can we infer from the text?
A．Wild monkeys like to play with the musician. B．People will start to protect the wild monkeys.
C．The COVID-19 has damaged much to the world. D．Music can make the wild animals more active.
【答案】
4．D
5．B
6．D
7．C
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。英国音乐家Paul Barton最近在泰国中部演出，希望能缓解新冠病毒危机带给动物的压力，带来了很好的反响。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Barton plays often to the animals in Lopburi, an area known for its populations of wild monkeys. The pianist hopes the music shows bring calm to the animals during the corona virus(COVID-19) crisis.)( Barton经常和Lopburi的动物们玩耍，Lopburi是一个以野生猴子群而闻名的地区。这位钢琴家希望音乐表演能在冠状病毒疫情期间给动物带来平静)”可知，音乐家对着野生猴子演奏是为了帮助他们在新冠肺炎疫情期间保持镇静。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The monkeys quickly surround Barton when he plays Greensleeves, Beethoven's Fur Elise and Michael Nyman's Diary of Love.(当Barton演奏《绿袖》、贝多芬的《致爱丽丝》和Michael Nyman的《爱的日记》时，猴子们很快就把他包围了)”可知，音乐家演奏的是古典音乐。故选B。
6．词义猜测题。根据第四段中“The monkeys quickly surround Barton when he plays Greensleeves, Beethoven's Fur Elise and Michael Nyman's Diary of Love.(当Barton演奏《绿袖》、贝多芬的《致爱丽丝》和Michael Nyman的《爱的日记》时，猴子们很快就把他包围了)”以及画线词上文“I was glad and surprised to find that they were actually”以及后文“as I was playing it”可知，让Barton高兴和惊讶的是，在他演奏音乐的时候，猴子真地在欣赏他的演奏。画线词指的是“欣赏他的演奏”。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据第二段“Barton plays often to the animals in Lopburi, an area known for its populations of wild monkeys. The pianist hopes the music shows bring calm to the animals during the corona virus(COVID-19) crisis.( Barton经常和Lopburi的动物们玩耍，Lopburi是一个以野生猴子群而闻名的地区。这位钢琴家希望音乐表演能在冠状病毒疫情期间给动物带来平静)”以及第三段“The disease has caused problems for the monkeys, too. They are hungry. The restrictions on tourism mean fewer people come to see the monkeys and feed them.(这种疾病也给猴子带来了问题。他们挨饿。对旅游业的限制意味着更少的人来看猴子和喂它们)”可推知，新冠肺炎疫情给世界造成严重损害。故选C。
八、
Customer Service Diploma
Subject: Business, Marketing&. Sales
Location: United Kingdom
Delivery method: Online
Course type: Part-time, Short(less than 3 months), Full-time
Price: Now £45, was £299-85% discount
About the course
Our Customer Service Diploma is the perfect course for anyone looking to working in the Customer Service sector. It’s packed with information of 11 modules, teaching you everything you need to succeed in this profession. Your qualification will be recognized and can be checked for validity(有效)on our dedicated website.
Description
This course consists of eleven information of packed modules, including:
● Make a great first impression, learn how positive attitude, dress and body language affect your perception(感知).
● Learn how to care for your customer’s needs, from seeing customer service from their perspective to the importance of communication.
● The course will teach you how to deal with difficult customers, how to hold back anger, how to control your own emotions and how keeping calm can solve the problem that bit faster.
Benefits of the Customer Services Diploma
The benefits of a customer services diploma are endless, but here are some you can take notes of right way:
● Your motivation levels will increase as you see your clients become more comfortable with you and the service you provide.
● Learn essential problem-solving skills you can use daily.
● See your confidence soar as you get more comfortable with dealing with customers face to face, over the phone and online.
1．Who may be most interested in the course?
A．People with a diploma of teaching.
B．People interested in part-time work.
C．People interested in customer service.
D．People interested in training life skills.
2．What does the course offer?
A．Flexible course types. B．A lower price of £299.
C．Packed information of customers. D．Accommodation during the course.
3．Which of the following is included in the modules?
A．Learning how to manage your marketing team.
B．Learning how to better communicate with customers.
C．Learning how to express your emotions freely and strongly.
D．Learning how to check your qualification on the dedicated website.
【答案】
1．C
2．A
3．B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一门与顾客服务相关的课程。
1．细节理解题。根据About the course中的第一句话“Our Customer Service Diploma is the perfect course for anyone looking to working in the Customer Service sector. (我们的客户服务文凭是任何想在客户服务部门工作的人的完美课程。)”可知, 这门课程可以给对顾客服务工作感兴趣的人提供文凭。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第四行 “Course type: Part-time, Short(less than 3 months), Full-time”可知, 学习这一课程有全职学习、短期学习和兼职学习三种灵活的方式。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据Description部分中的“Learn how to care for your customer’s needs(学习如何关心客户的需求)”以及 “the importance of communication“沟通的重要性”可知, 学员可以学到如何关注顾客需求并更有效地与顾客交流。故选B。
九、
Welcome to the International Science Drama Competition 2022
This competition is an annual event aimed to promote science through drama. It involves teams from Singapore and overseas, and will be a great opportunity for you to showcase your talents on an international level.
What is the theme for the International Science Drama Competition 2022?
The theme for 2022 is “Sustainable Agriculture for a Better Future”.
Your performance should combine scientific content and drama. Examples of some possible topics include but are not limited to the following:
Farming using renewable energy sources
Hydroponics(水栽培)and Aquaponics(养种共生)
Food security
Protecting the environment as we meet society's food and textile needs
How do I participate in the International Science Drama Competition 2022?
Junior Category
All participants must be age 12 or below, excluding teachers or adults who can help as backstage crew.
Open Category
Teams will compete in this category when at least one member is above age 12.
Short Films Category
There is no age limit for participants. You may participate with your friends, families or community groups. You may represent your school or an organization or just form a team and compete on your own.
Mark your calendars!
Date
Programme
March 8,2022
Submission of Entry Forms
May 5,2022
Video Submission Deadline
May 19,2022
Announcement of Shortlisted Finalists' Videos
June 7,2022
Video Submission Deadline for Finalists
June 14~23,2022
LIVE Online Polling of Finalists' Videos
June 28,2022
Results Announcement
July ~ September,2022
(Date to be confirmed)
GRAND FINALS! (Online)
1．What do we know about the competition?
A．Its theme is limited to four topics.
B．It's held in many different countries.
C．It's intended to promote science through drama.
D．Its participants will go from one category to another.
2．What is required for Open Category?
A．You must have an adult coach.
B．You must represent your school.
C．At least one member is above age 12.
D．All participants must be age 12 or below.
3．When should finalists' videos be submitted?
A．By March 8, 2022. B．By June 7, 2022.
C．By June 28, 2022. D．By September 14, 2022.
【答案】
1．C
2．C
3．B
【解析】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了2022年国际科学戏剧比赛的内容、参赛方式和时间安排等情况。
1．细节理解题。根据“Welcome to the International Science Drama Competition 2022”部分第一句“This competition is an annual event aimed to promote science through drama.”（该比赛是一项年度活动，旨在通过戏剧促进科学。）可知，这个比赛旨在通过戏剧促进科学。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Open Category”部分“Teams will compete in this category when at least one member is above age 12.”（参赛队伍必须至少有一名队员年龄在12岁以上。）可知，Open Category要求参赛队伍必须至少有一名队员年龄在12岁以上。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“Mark your calendars!”部分“June 7,2022 Video Submission Deadline for Finalists”（2022年6月7日 决赛视频提交截止日期）可知，决赛视频应在2022年6月7日前提交。故选B。
十、
Tips for Writing a Cover Letter
If you are applying for an internship, you will likely have to submit a cover letter as part of your application. Read below for tips on writing an internship cover letter.
Use Business Letter Format
Use proper business letter format when sending a cover letter by mail. Include your contact information at the top, the date, and the contact information for the employer. Be sure to provide a proper salutation, and sign your name at the bottom.
Individualize Your Cover Letter
Make sure to write a unique cover letter for each internship for which you apply. Highlight skills and abilities you have that relate to the specific internship listing. The main emphasis of your cover letter should be convincing the reader that you will be a qualified intern.
Emphasize Your Academic Experience
In the letter, you can mention academic experience, if applicable. Especially if you have limited work experience, you might use examples from school to demonstrate that you have particular skills. For example, if the internship requires you to work as part of a team, provide an example of an assistant at the library or a successful team project you worked on during one of your college courses.
Include Extra Classroom Experiences
You can also include details about your relevant experience form extra classroom activities or volunteer work. For example, a reporter for a college newspaper can point to interviewing and writing skills; a history of volunteering at a shelter can provide an example of strong interpersonal and organizational skills.
Proofread and Edit
Be sure to thoroughly proofread your cover letter for spelling and grammar errors. Many internships are very competitive, and any error can hurt your chances of getting an interview. Also, avoid using too many words to convey your information and intention.
1．What can you do to personalize your internship cover letter?
A．Use proper business letter format.
B．Employ more convincing expressions.
C．Promise a good performance in the internship.
D．Stress my own abilities related to the requirements.
2．Academic experience included in the cover letter can ________.
A．make up for the lack of work experience B．prove you’ll be an outstanding organizer
C．show you have a good academic performance D．multiply the chance of working on a team project
3．According to the text, a cover letter should be _____________.
A．emotional and simplified B．informal and detailed
C．brief and targeted D．academic and qualified
【答案】
1．D
2．A
3．C
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了求职信的五个写作技巧。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段“Make sure to write a unique cover letter for each internship for which you apply. Highlight skills and abilities you have that relate to the specific internship listing. The main emphasis of your cover letter should be convincing the reader that you will be a qualified intern.(确保为你申请的每个实习岗位写一封独特的求职信。突出你所拥有的与实习相关的技能和能力。求职信的重点应该是让读者相信你是一个合格的实习生)”可知，强调自己与要求相关的能力，才能让你的实习求职信更个性化。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“In the letter, you can mention academic experience, if applicable. Especially if you have limited work experience, you might use examples from school to demonstrate that you have particular skills.(如果可以的话，你可以在信中提到你的学术经历。特别是如果你的工作经验有限，你可以用学校里的例子来证明你有特殊的技能)”可知，求职信中包含的学术经验可以弥补工作经验的不足。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Be sure to thoroughly proofread your cover letter for spelling and grammar errors. Many internships are very competitive, and any error can hurt your chances of getting an interview. Also, avoid using too many words to convey your information and intention.(一定要彻底校对你的求职信的拼写和语法错误。很多实习都很有竞争力，任何失误都可能损害你获得面试机会的机会。同时，避免用太多的词语来表达你的信息和意图)”可知，求职信应该简洁而有针对性。故选C。
专题11 应用文体类阅读理解（解析版）
应用信息文是用来处理和解决生产、学习、工作、生活中的实际事务和问题的一种文章，它具有很强的实用性。它的最基本特点就是“用”，为用而写，有用才写，内容十分贴近生活。
该文体一般可分为两大类：一类是说明性应用文，包括广告、启事、海报、守则、公告、指南、个人简历、备忘录、摘要等；另一类是叙述性应用文，如书信、日记、便条、报告、请帖等。目的都是向读者传输信息。高考试题主要涉及宣传广告、公告类应用文，偶尔也会有书信类文章出现。从近三年高考全国卷阅读理解中应用文的话题分布情况可知，前一类是应用文命题的首选题材，其中包括广告、海报和指南等。
一、解题策略
1. 考情分析
全国高考英语考试说明明确指出，要求考生读懂一般性话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中的简短文章，这说明了应用文文体在高考英语中的重要性。这个特点在历年高考试题中有明显的印证，不管是全国高考卷，还是省区高考卷中基本每年都涉及应用文文体的考查，这充分体现了＂为用而学，学以致用＂的新课程理念。因此，考生很有必要认真研读阅读理解中应用文的特征和命题特点，并掌握一定的解题方法。本文拟结合近年高考英语全国卷阅读理解中所涉及的应用文文体，帮助考生提高阅读理解的解题能力。
应用信息文主要考查类型
1.广告*
2.专业说明*
3.简介
4.书信通知
（注：加*为重点考查类型）
2. 记叙文特点
在高考英语阅读理解中应用文体的考查主要有如下几个特点：
1. 就文体特点而言，应用文主要是为了向读者传递信息，措辞简洁明了，一般来说，和所述问题无关的文字不会出现。例如很多文章没有标题，甚至通篇没有一个完整的句子，而是用词、数字、缩写、短语等来替代。
2. 就选材特点来说，信息量大，文句精练，形式灵活，用最小的篇幅表述最大量的信息。其中书信，招聘和商品销售等广告，交通运输时刻表，日记等的比例较大。其内容特点表现为：生活化，实用化，多样化。
3. 就形式特点而言，标题醒目，重点突出，条理清晰，常用粗体字或各类项目符号使文章结构更鲜明。
4. 就语言特点来说，文章充斥大量冗长而生僻的专有名词，如人名、地名、机构名、组织名、书籍名、作品名等等，而且没有汉语注释。缩略词、祈使句、省略句多。
5. 在行文方式方面，应用文的每种文体都有固定的格式。叙述性应用文采用一般记叙文的写作方法，无特别之处；说明性应用文的行文呈排列式，即以小标题为单位逐一下行排列。
6. 就命题特点来说，高考英语应用文的设问一般是按照文章段落的顺序依次设置，主要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既考查对特定细节的选取、排除、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查，题目设置相对容易。具体讲来主要有四大类：(1)细节理解题，即要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。这一题型常见的命题方式有事实认定题、图形辨认题、数字运算题等。(2)推理判断题。这类题主要考查考生根据文章的字面意思，通过分析语篇的逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题。(3)主旨大意题。该类题主要考查考生对所读材料中心思想的概括.其考查形式有很多，如概括标题、主题、中心思想等。(4)词义猜测题，即要求考生根据一定的上下文猜测生词的词义。
3. 得分要点
考生必须掌握应对应用文阅读的一些常见技巧或方法，这样有利于快速、准确地答题。
1. 夯实基础
尽量多积累一些非考纲单词和一些常见的缩写词语，由于应用文中常常出现大量的缩写词和一些生词，这就要求同学们平时要在老师的指导下，有意识地尽量多积累一些非考纲单词和一些常见的缩写词语。
例如：表时间，路程，数量：am=morning， pm=afternoon， Mon=Monday， Jan.=January，hr=hour， hrs =hours， P.W.=perweek，ml= mile，doz=dozen，Max=maximum，Min=minimum
表通信和影视设备：Te1.=telephone number， Ph.=phone
表媒体：VOA=Voice of America，BBC=British Broadcasting Corporation
表学历、职业：MA=Master of Arts，BS degree= bachelor’s degree(学士学位)，prof.=professor，Dr.=doctor，VIP=very important persons
表国家、组织、地点：the USA=the United States of America，the PRC=the People’s Republic of China，WTO=World Trade Organization，co.=company，Add(r).=address，Sta=Station，Mt=Mountain
表方向：s=south， n=north， w=west，e=east
其他：Lid=Limited，P=page，pop=popular，Xmas=Christmas，info=information，ad=advertisement，vs=versus，PC=personal computer 等等。
2. 宜采用＂题干定位法＂
应用文阅读材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能满足各种人对信息的需求，但在高考试题中，常常是就某一点提问，以细节理解题为主，考生完全没有必要从头到尾全部仔细阅读，因为材料中有很多冗余无效信息。做此类题时，宜采用＂题干定位法＂，即先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，按照题目顺序依次有针对性地结合题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，阅读相关部分，快速寻找有效信息，再把原文和选项相比较。当问题与材料相同的时候，对号入座；如果问题与原文不同，则可以同义替换、归纳事实等。要注意根据所提问题采用寻读、跳读的方法，这样往往可以达到事半功倍的效果。
3. 补全成分法
省略词和省略句在应用文阅读材料中大量出现，对于影响语境理解的省略情况，我们应结合全文语境及逻辑关系将省略句补全，从而更加准确地理解。例如：Driver wanted. 根据文意，可将该句补充为＂A driver will be wanted.(招聘一名司机。) ＂。
4. 排除法
排除法在应用文阅读中也应用得较多，即排除与文章内容不一致的错误信息，从而确定正确选项。
应用信息文解题注意事项
1.不要刻意理解每个词，切勿对内容过分进行理解；
2.文章每一段落相互独立。
应用信息文解题步骤
1.读准第一段（含题目），把握文章中心；
2.按顺序略读小标题，把握文章段落结构分布；
3.针对每道小题，按顺序在文中寻找答案。
二、高考真题
1.【2021年新高考Ⅰ卷A篇】
Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel （旅社）. The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around＄25 a night, and for that, you'll often get to stay in a central location（位置）with security and comfort.
Yellow Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It's one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It's affordable, and it's got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it's close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
If you're looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn't charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it's close to all of the city's main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
1.What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel?
A.Comfort. B.Security. C.Price. D.Location.
2.Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?
A.Yellow Hostel. B.Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C.Youth Station Hostel. D.Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
3.What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes?
A.It gets noisy at night. B.Its staff is too talkative.
C.It charges for Wi-Fi. D.Its inconveniently located.
【文章大意】本文为应用文，主要介绍罗马四个旅行社的特色。
【解析】1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句"Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why…"可知，在罗马旅游可能会很昂贵，因此人们会比较关注价格因素。故选C。
2.B【解析】 细节理解题。根据题干"an active social life"定位到第三段第一句"If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome."可知，Hostel Alessandro Palace最适合社交。故选B。
3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据题干定位到第五段，由第五段最后一句 "However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi." 可知，HHDA旅馆的Wi-Fi是收费的。故选C。
2.【2021年全国甲卷 A篇】
Take a view, the Landscape（风景） Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers. Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the best photography of the British landscape. Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all corners of the UK and beyond.
Mike Shepherd
(2011)
Skiddaw in Winter
Cumbria, England
It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air. I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and thought it was only a short climb. I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sun setting in the west. I used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop, to achieve the black-and-white image（图像）.
Timothy Smith
(2014)
Macclesfield
Forest
Cheshire, England
I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images. Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe, a local high point, I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow. The small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to take the view from the foreground right through into the forest.
1.Who would most probably enter for Take a view?
A.Writers. B.Photographers. C.Painters. D.Tourists.
2.What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common?
A.They are winter images.
B.They are in black and white.
C.They show mountainous scenes.
D.They focus on snow-covered forests.
3.Where can the text be found?
A.In a history book. B.In a novel. C.In an art magazine. D.In a biography.
【文章大意】本文为应用文，主要介绍了英国风景摄影比赛Take a view及其两位摄影师参赛作品的内容。
1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据题干enter for Take a view定位到第一段第二句Each year, the highstandard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform toshowcase the very best photography of the British landscape. 每年参加比赛的高标准已经表明了这个奖项是展示英国风景摄影最完美的平台，可知最有可能参加这个比赛项目的人应该是B项摄影家。
2.A【解析】推理判断题。根据题干关键词 "Shepherd and Smith have in common " 定位在原文Shepherd and Smith Mike Shepherd图表中的It was an extremely coldwinter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air和Timothy Smith图表中I wasback in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images，理解可知shepherd和Smith二人作品的共同点是它们都是关于冬天的图像。故选A项。
3.C【解析】推理判断题。根据全文可知Take a view是一项针对英国摄影师的每年一度的比赛，并有两位摄影师Shepherd 和Smith用自己的作品参与了比赛可知，这篇文章有可能在艺术杂志里找到，而不是A项的故事书、B项的小说或D项的个人自传。
3.【2021年全国乙卷A篇】
The Biggest Stadiums in the World
People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 80 A.D., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best-known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design. Rome's Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50, 000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city's Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250, 000 people.
These days, safety regulations—not to mention the modern sports fan's desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities （容量）slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.
For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.
All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.
●Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang, D.P.R. Korea. Capacity: 150, 000. Opened: May 1, 1989.
●Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107, 601. Opened: October 1, 1927.
●Beaver Stadium, Sate College, Pennsylvania, U.S. Capacity: 106, 572. Opened: September 17, 1960.
●Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104, 944. Opened: October 7, 1922.
●Kyle Field College Station, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102, 512. Opened: September 24, 1927.
1.How many people could the Circus Maximus hold?
A.104,944. B.107,601. C.About 150,000. D.About 250,000.
2 Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest?
A.Michigan Stadium. B.Beaver Stadium.
C.Ohio Stadium. D.Kyle Field.
3. What do the listed stadiums have in common?
A.They host big games. B.They have become tourist attractions.
C.They were built by Americans. D.They are favored by architects.
【文章大意】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了当今世界上最大的体育场。
【解析】
1.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据题干信息Circus Maximus，定位到原文第一段最后一句However, that was small fry compared with the city's Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250, 000 people.分析可知，Circus Maximus大约可以容纳250, 000人。故选D。
2.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据题干信息oldest，定位到文章结尾部分，其中包括各个体育场的成立日期。分析可知，Ohio Stadium的成立日期最早，为1922年10月7日，因此它是最老的体育场。故选C。
3.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据题干信息the listed stadiums，定位到文章结尾部分。分析可知，文章没有明确说明它们是否都有成为旅游景点，故排除B；其中的Rungrado 1st of May Stadium建设于朝鲜平壤，因此这些场馆并不都是由美国人建造的，故排除C；文章也没有明确说明它们都受到了建筑师的喜爱，故排除D。但由原文最后一段的第一句话All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport. 可知，这些体育场现在都还在正常使用中，会举办大型体育比赛。故选A。
二、2020年高考真题
一、【2020·全国卷I，A】
Train Information
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information, please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled, there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property（失物招领）
Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services. The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30 am to 5:00 pm and is located（位于）at Roma Street station.
Public holidays
On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e. Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate. Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable. Before travel please visit translink. com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.
Customers using mobility devices
Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms. For assistance, please call Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.
Guardian trains (outbound)
Depart
Origin
Destination
Arrive
6:42pm
Altandi
Varsity Lakes
7:37pm
7:29pm
Central
Varsity Lakes
8:52pm
8:57pm
Fortitude Valley
Varsity Lakes
9:52pm
11:02pm
Roma Street
Varsity Lakes
12:22am
1. What would you do to get ticket information?
A. Call 13 16 17. B. Visit translink.com.au.
C. Ask at the local station. D. Check the train schedule.
2. At which station can you find the lost property office?
A. Altandi. B. Roma Street. C. Varsity Lakes. D. Fortitude Valley.
3. Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?
A.6:42 pm. B.7:29 pm. C.8:57 pm. D.11:02 pm.
【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些火车信息，包括失物招领、公共假期安排以及列车出发时间等信息。
1. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中For ticket information, please ask your local station or call 13 12 30.可知查询车票信息，请向您当地的车站询问或拨打131230。由此可知，你可以询问当地车站或拨打131230来获得车票信息。故选C。
2. B【解析】细节理解题。根据Lost property部分中The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located at Roma Street station.可知失物招领处周一至周五早上7:30到下午5:00营业，位于罗马街车站。由此可知，在Roma Street你可以找到失物招领办公室。故选B。
3. B【解析】细节理解题。根据Guardian trans部分中信息，可知从起始地Central出发，开往目的地Varsity Lakes的火车是下午7:29开车。由此可知，如果你要从Central去往Varsity Lakes，你应当乘坐下午7:29的火车。故选B。
二、【2020· 江苏卷，A】
Some important dates in China’s fighting Covid-19 before May 7,2020
Jan 20, 2020~ Feb 20,2020
Jan 23: Wuhan declared temporary outbound (向外的) traffic restrictions.
Jan 24: National medical teams began to be sent to Hubei and Wuhan.
Jan 27: The Central Steering (指导) Group arrived in Wuhan.
Feb 18: The daily number of newly cured and discharged (出院) patients exceeded that of the newly confirmed cases.
Feb 21, 2020~ Mar 17,2020
Feb 21: Most provinces and equivalent administrative units started to lower their public health emergency response level.
Feb 24: The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press conference in Beijing.
Mar 11-17: The epidemic (流行病) peak had passed in China as a whole.
Mar 18,2020 ~Apr 28,2020
Apr1: Chinese customs began NAT (核酸检测) on inbound arrivals at all points of entry.
Apr 8: Wuhan lifted outbound traffic restrictions.
Apr 26: The last Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from hospital.
Apr 29, 2020~ May 7,2020
Apr 30: The public health emergency response was lowered to Level 2 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.
May 7: The State Council released Guidelines on Conducting Covid-19 Prevention and Control on an Ongoing Basis.
1. What happened between January 20 and February 20?
A. The Central Steering Group arrived in Wuhan.
B. The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press conference.
C. The last Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from hospital.
D. Beijing lowered its emergency response level.
2. From which date were private cars allowed to go out of Wuhan?
A. January 23. B. March 11. C. April 8. D. May 7.
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了2020年5月7日前，中国抗击新冠肺炎的重要日期。
1. A【解析】细节理解题。根据表格中Jan20, 2020-Feb 20，2020部分 Jan27: The Central Steering (指导) Group arrived in Wuhan.可知，在一月二十号到二月二十号之间，中央领导小组抵达武汉。故选A。
2. C【解析】推理判断题。根据表格中Mar18, 2020-Apr28, 2020部分Apr 8: Wuhan lifted outbound traffic restrictions(4月8日:武汉取消出境交通限制)可推知，从四月八日起，私家车被允许离开武汉。故选C。
三、【2020·全国卷II，A】
The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History, Culture & Landscape（景观）. Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and award-winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open：29 Mar-29 Oct，Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom，Gardens & Gift Shop：10.30-17.00（16.00 in Oct）.
House：11.15-16.00（15.00 in Oct）.
Town: Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open: Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays. 10.30 -17.00 Summer.10.30 -16.00 Winter.
Town：Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover, explore and enjoy award-winning Tullie House, where historic collections, contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery. There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun, so there’s something for everyone!
Open: High Season 1 Apr – 31 Oct: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 17.00, Sun 11.00 – 17.00.
Low Season 1 Nov – 31 Mar: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 16.30, Sun 12.00 – 16.30.
Town: Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth’s inspirational home. Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum. Visit the shop and relax in the café. Exhibitions, events and family activities throughout the year.
Open: Daily, 09.30 – 17.30 (last admission 17.00).
Town: Grasmere
21. When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July?
A.09.30—17.30. B.10.30—16.00. C. 11.15—16.00. D.12.00—16.30.
22. What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum?
A. Enjoy Ronney’s works. B. Have some interactive fun.
C. Attend a famous festival. D. Learn the history of a family
23. Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth’s life?
A. Penrith. B. Kendal. C. Carlisle. D. Grasmere.
【文章大意】本文是应用文。是湖区景点指南，介绍了几个主要的景点的特色，地点和参观时间。
21. C【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的Dalemain Mansion& Historic Gardens 可知定位在第一部分，根据段中的House:11:15-16:00可知，在7月周日的参观时间是11:15-16:00。C. 11:15-16:00.符合以上说法，故选C项。
22. A【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的Abbot Hall Art Gallery& Museum可知答案定位在第二部分，根据其中的The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.(令人印象深刻的永久性收藏包括特纳和罗姆尼，临时展览计划有卡纳莱托和来自圣艾夫斯的艺术家)可知，在这个博物馆可以欣赏到Romneys的作品。A. Enjoy Romney’s works.(欣赏Romneys的作品)符合以上说法，故选A项。
23. D【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的explore Wordsworth’s life可知答案定位在最后一部分第一句，以及最后一行Town: Grasmere可知，如果想了解Wordsworth’s的生活，可以去Grasmere。D. Grasmere.符合以上说法，故选D项。
四、【2020·全国卷III，A】
Journey Back in Time with Scholars
Classical Provence(13days)
Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence，France，with Prof. Ori Z. Soltes. We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin. Fields of flowers, tile-roofed(瓦屋顶)villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience.
Southern Spain(15days)
Spain has lovely white towns and the scent(芳香)of oranges，but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks，Romans and Arabs. As we travel south from Madrid with Prof. Ronald Messier to historic Toledo，Roman Merida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture.
China’s Sacred Landscapes(21days)
Discover the China of past ages，its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with Prof. Robert Thorp. Highlights(精彩之处)include China’s most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzbou’s rolling hills，waterways and peaceful temples. We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai.
Tunisia(17days)
Join Prof. Pedar Foss on our in-depth Tunisian tour. Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga，the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata，uique for underground cities. Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches.
21. What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain？
A. Historical monuments. B. Fields of flowers.
C. Van Gogh’s paintings. D. Greek buildings.
22. Which country is Prof. Thorp most knowledgeable about？
A. France. B. Spain. C. China. D. Tunisia.
23. Which of the following highlight the Tunisian tour？
A. White towns. B. Underground cities. C. Tile-roofed villages. D. Rolling hills.
【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个国家中，那些可以让人们回顾过去的著名景点。
21. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一部分的We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. (我们将参观一些世界上保存最完好的罗马建筑遗迹)和第二部分的we explore historical monuments and architecture.(我们探索历史遗迹和建筑)可知，在Classical Provence 和Southern Spain游客们可以参观历史遗迹。A. Historical monuments（历史遗迹）符合以上说法，故选A项。
22. C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三部分的China's Sacred Landscapes (21days)(中华神山 21天)和Discover the China of ''past ages'', its walled cities, temples and mountain scenery with Prof Robert Thorp. Highlights include China's most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills, waterways and peaceful temples (和Robert教授一起发现中国的过去，有墙的城市、寺庙和山景。精彩之处包括中国最神圣的泰山之巅，杭州起伏的群山、运河和宁静的寺庙)可知，去中国的神山之行总共有27天，而且Thorp对中国的名山非常了解。由此推测Thorp在这四个国家里最了解中国。C. China(中国)符合以上说法，故选C项。
23. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四部分的Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga, the underground Mumidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Taraounine and Matmata, unique for underground cities.(突尼斯的旅游亮点包括罗马城市Dougga，地下城市Mumidian,它是Bulla Regia的首府，Roman Sbeitla以及在Taraounine和Matmata附近的区域，它们是独特的地下城市)可知，突尼斯的旅游亮点是地下城市。B. Underground cities(地下城市)符合以上说法，故选B项。
五、【2020·新高考全国卷I（山东卷），A】
POETRY CHALLENGE
Write a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
Prizes
3 Grand Prizes:Trip to Washington, D. C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winner’s choice. Trip includes round-trip air tickets, hotel stay for two nights, and tours of the National Air and Space Museum and the office of National Geographic World.
6 First Prizes:The book Sky Pioneer:A Photobiography of Amelia Earhart signed by author Corinne Szabo and pilot Linda Finch.
50 Honorable Mentions:Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart’s final flight.
Rules
Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.
■Write a poem using 100 words or fewer. Your poem can be any format, any number of lines.
■Write by hand or type on a single sheet of paper. You may use both the front and back of the paper.
■On the same sheet of paper, write or type your name, address, telephone number, and birth date.
■Mail your entry to us by October 31 this year.
1. How many people can each grand prize winner take on the free trip?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Six.
2. What will each of the honorable mention winners get?
A. A plane ticket. B. A book by Corinne Szabo.
C. A special T-shirt. D. A photo of Amelia Earhart.
3. Which of the following will result in disqualification?
A. Typing your poem out. B. Writing a poem of 120 words.
C. Using both sides of the paper. D. Mailing your entry on October 30.
【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。本文是一篇诗歌大赛的征稿启事。文章就参赛作品的内容、奖项、参赛规则等做了介绍。
1. A【解析】细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第一段中的“Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winner's choice”可知，每位获奖者都可以带一名家长和另一名由获奖者选择的人员。因此，每位获奖者可以带两个人。故选A。
2. C【解析】细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第三段“50 Honorable Mentions: Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart's final flight”可知，每位优秀奖获奖者都将获得一件纪念埃尔哈特最后一次飞行的T恤。故选C。
3. B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一部分中的“Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification. Write a poem using 100 words or fewer”可知，所写的诗字数不能超过100字。否则，将会被取消资格。故结合选项，B选项(写一首120字的诗)是会被取消资格的。故选B。
三、模拟演练
一、
New events and changes of junior golf competition calendar
New events
Notah BegayⅢ Junior Golf National Championship
What does a junior golfer aim to pursue? One thing is to be noticed, ideally by a college coach. A remarkable opportunity will be offered by the Notah BegayⅢ Junior Golf National Championship to its participants: an event broadcast by Golf Channel. Players aged between eight and 18 can compete in the new event; information about where and when it will be held will be released later.
Barbasol Junior Championship
Beginning the career in the PGA Tour is something that a junior golfer tends to dream of. The Barbasol Junior Championship, which is scheduled to take place between June 29 and July 2 at Keene Trace Golf Club in Nicholasville, Kentucky, will provide such an opportunity. Boys under 19 years old will qualify for this new 54-hole event, and the winner will be awarded a spot at the PGA Tour's Barbasol Championship in July.
Changed events
Thunderbird International Junior
The dates of the AJGA's Thunderbird International Junior have to be changed since the NCAA Championships move to Grayhawk Golf Club in Scottsdale, Arizona, for the next three years. Generally, the Thunderbird is played at the end of May. However, this year it is scheduled on different dates for the first time, from April 9 to 12, which means, of course, that the finish date is on Masters Sunday.
Gator Invitational
Junior golf intends to prepare for the following college golf. If this is the case, then it is crucial to simulate the higher-level experience as much as possible. Because of that, the Gator Invitational, as a junior boys' event, has made a significant decision on becoming a 54-hole event by adding a round this year. The new version will be played from March 13 to 15 at The Country Club of Jackson in Jackson, Mississippi.
1．Which event can be watched on TV?
A．Notah BegayⅢ Junior Golf National Championship. B．Barbasol Junior Championship.
C．Thunderbird International Junior. D．Gator Invitational.
2．When will the Thunderbird International Junior be played?
A．At the end of May. B．From April 9 to 12.
C．Between June 29 and July 2. D．From March 13 to 15.
3．What has been changed about the Gator Invitational?
A．The award given to the winner B．The place where it is played.
C．The required age of the players. D．The number of rounds it has.
【答案】
1．A
2．B
3．D
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了充满新事件和变化的少年高尔夫比赛日程。
1．细节理解题。根据小标题Notah BegayⅢ Junior Golf National Championship中的 “A remarkable opportunity will be offered by the Notah BegayⅢ Junior Golf National Championship to its participants: an event broadcast by Golf Channel.” Notah BegayⅢ青少年高尔夫全国锦标赛将为参加者提供一个非凡的机会:由高尔夫频道转播的赛事。由此可知Notah BegayⅢ Junior Golf National Championship能在电视上观看。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据小标题Thunderbird International Junior中的“However, this year it is scheduled on different dates for the first time, from April 9 to 12, …” 然而，今年的比赛第一次安排在不同的日期，从4月9日到12日......由此可知Thunderbird International Junior在4月9日到12日进行。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据小标题Gator Invitational中的“Because of that, the Gator Invitational, as a junior boys' event, has made a significant decision on becoming a 54-hole event by adding a round this year.” 正因为如此，Gator邀请赛，作为一项初级男孩赛事，做出了一个重大决定，在今年增加一轮比赛，成为一项54-hole赛事，由此可知，Gator Invitational比赛的数量发生了变化。故选D。
【点睛】
应用文多是细节理解题。一般定位关键词适用于解答细节理解题。通过定位关键词解题，考生在阅读题干时，把题干中有标记意义的词或词组划记出来，或者选项中的关键词，然后用这个词回到原文当中定位。如小题2题干中的Thunderbird International Junior，再如小题3题干中的Gator Invitational，定位回到原文中，可以帮助快速找出答案。
二、
The idea of billions of people going through a few masks a week during this pandemic definitely rings alarm bells, but a team of researchers in Melbourne may have the solution.
They’ve discovered that adding millions of discarded face masks to road-paving (铺路) mixtures would actually lower the cost of the road, while preventing billions of them from landfills. Just one kilometer of road would need three million masks, and the polypropylene (聚丙烯) plastic used to make single-use surgical face masks also increased the flexibility and durability of the road.
The new material is a mixture of about 2% torn masks, with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA)—a material obtained from waste concrete and other minerals from destroyed buildings. This recycled material was found in the study to be ideal for two of the four layers generally required to create roadways. Paving a kilometer of two-way road with the RCA and three million face masks would result in a change of 93 tons of waste from landfills.
The final product then is more resistant to wear than asphalt (沥青), as well as being cheaper too, provided there was a method for collecting masks. The research team did a cost-analysis and found that, at $26 per ton, the RCA was about half the cost of mining raw materials, and as much as a third of the cost of shipping the used masks to a landfill.
The widespread application would be ideal for large infrastructure (基础设施) projects. For example, Washington has the 11th worst roads in terms of unaddressed repairs in the U.S. If the damaged roads in Washington state were repaired with the RCA/mask mixture, it would reuse nearly 10 billion masks, sparing American landfills hundreds of millions of tons of trash.
It’s said that the team is looking for private industry partners or governments willing to give their plastic mask road an opportunity for a large-scale test.
8．What does the underlined word “discarded” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Recycled. B．Produced.
C．Mixed. D．Abandoned.
9．What is the new material used to pave ways made of?
A．2% torn masks, concrete and tons of trash.
B．Polypropylene plastic and building materials.
C．Single-use surgical masks and recycled concrete aggregate.
D．Waste concrete and other minerals from destroyed buildings.
10．Why are numbers mentioned in paragraph 5?
A．To tell us what the team has found.
B．To prove this material is cost-effective in paving roads.
C．To explain repairing roads costs a lot of materials.
D．To praise the hard work the team has done.
11．What can we learn from the text?
A．The material used to pave roads is made of masks.
B．Generally speaking, it requires two layers to create roadways.
C．It remains to be tested whether the solution is practical.
D．The damaged roads in Washington were repaired with the RCA．
【答案】
8．D
9．C
10．B
11．C
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了疫情大流行期间每周有大量的口罩被扔掉，墨尔本的一组研究人员计划将人们用过的废弃口罩添加到铺路的混合材料中去，不过该解决方案是否可行还有待测试。
8．词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子“They’ve discovered that adding millions of face masks to road-paving (铺路) mixtures would actually lower the cost of the road, while preventing billions of them from landfills.”可知，他们发现，将数百万个口罩添加到铺路混合料中，实际上可以降低道路成本，同时防止数十亿个口罩被填埋。根据第一段的“The idea of billions of people going through a few masks a week during this pandemic definitely rings alarm bells, but a team of researchers in Melbourne may have the solution.”可知，疫情大流行期间每周有数十亿人戴着口罩的想法肯定会敲响警钟，但墨尔本的一组研究人员可能有解决方案。将上下文结合起来可知，解决方案是将人们用过的废弃口罩添加到铺路的混合材料中去。由此可知，划线单词意为“被遗弃的”。故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Just one kilometer of road would need three million masks, and the polypropylene (聚丙烯) plastic used to make single-use surgical face masks also increased the flexibility and durability of the road. ”可知，仅一公里的道路就需要300万个口罩，而用于制造一次性手术口罩的聚丙烯塑料也提高了道路的柔韧性和耐用性。再根据第三段的“The new material is a mixture of about 2% torn masks, with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA)—a material obtained from waste concrete and other minerals from destroyed buildings.”可知，这种新材料是约2％破损口罩与再生混凝土骨料（RCA）的混合物，后者是从废弃混凝土和被毁建筑物中的其他矿物中获得的。由此可知，铺路用的新材料是一次性使用口罩和再生混凝土骨料组成的。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据第五段的“For example, Washington has the 11th worst roads in terms of unaddressed repairs in the U.S. If the damaged roads in Washington state were repaired with the RCA/mask mixture, it would reuse nearly 10 billion masks, sparing American landfills hundreds of millions of tons of trash.”可知，例如，就美国未解决的维修而言，华盛顿的道路是美国第11糟糕的。如果使用再生混凝土骨料（RCA）和口罩的混合物来修复华盛顿州受损的道路，它将重复使用近100亿个口罩，从而使美国的垃圾掩埋场减少数亿吨的垃圾填埋。由此可知，第5段中提到的数字是为证明这种材料在铺路时具有成本效益。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“It’s said that the team is looking for private industry partners or governments willing to give their plastic mask road an opportunity for a large-scale test.”可知，据说，该团队正在寻找愿意为其塑料口罩道路提供大规模测试机会的私营行业合作伙伴或政府。由此可知，该解决方案是否可行还有待测试。故选C。
三、
Inside the World's Largest Flower Show
The RI IS Hampton Court Palace Flower Show is the largest annual garden and flower show in the world. The showground covers 33 acres and most visitors stay for about 5 hours. It takes place in the grounds of Hampton Court Palace each July and is organized by the Royal Horticultural Society （RHS）.
Getting There
The nearest train station is Hampton Court. Full information of all travel options can be seen on the Getting to Hampton Court Palace page.
Tickets
Ticket prices start from £21.50.
Prices vary depending on the time and date of your visit.
Each full paying adult may bring two children aged 16 and under free of charge to the show.
Tickets are available on the door.
Opening Times
10a.m. until 7:30p.m.. It closes at 5:30p.m. on Sunday.
Tuesday and Wednesday: RHS Members only.
Official Website: www.rhs.org.uk
Tips for Visiting
● You could visit Hampton Court Palace on the same day but allow plenty of time as it takes 3-5 hours to visit the flower show and 1-3 hours to visit the palace.
● This is a temporary outdoor event on open parkland and is subject to varying weather and ground conditions. A temporary walkway is laid but it can still get pretty muddy if there's been heavy rain. Open-toed shoes and high heels arc not usually appropriate footwear.
● Left Luggage and a drugstore service arc both available on the show site.
● The Advisory Service offers free gardening advice to visitors. Check the information boards for locations.
● Plant and Product Deposit: There is a plant and product deposit service available where you leave your purchases while you enjoy the rest of your day out.
21．Where can you get the tickets?
A．On the website. B．At the station.
C．At the entrance. D．In the garden.
22．What can you get for free?
A．Drugs. B．Flowers.
C．Gardening advice. D．Transportation.
23．Which of the following helps to make a more enjoyable visit?
A．Sparing sufficient time. B．Consulting the information desk.
C．Wearing whatever shoes they like. D．Making good use of deposit service.
【答案】
21．C
22．C
23．A
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要向游客介绍世界上最大的花展及游览建议。
21．细节理解题。根据Tickets部分“Tickets are available on the door.（可以在门口得到票。）”可知，在入口处可以得到票，故选C项。
22．细节理解题。根据Tips for Visiting部分“The Advisory Service offers free gardening advice to visitors.（咨询服务会免费为游客提供园艺方面的建议。）”可知，园艺方面的建议是免费的，故选C项。
23．推理判断题。根据Tips for Visiting部分“You could visit Hampton Court Palace on the same day but allow plenty of time as it takes 3-5 hours to visit the flower show and 1-3 hours to visit the palace.（你可以在同一天参观汉普顿皇宫，但是要花很长时间。花3小时观赏花，花1-3小时参观汉普顿皇宫。）”可知，参观花展和汉普顿皇宫需要花大量时间，所以花足够的时间可以得到一次更加愉快的参观体验，故选A项。
四、
Campeche is a city with a tumultuous history. Originally this area was settled by the Mayans. The first Spanish colonizers arrived in 1517 and established Campeche as the main port in the region. Unsurprisingly, this made Campeche an attractive target for pirates who first arrived in the late 16 century. For the next 200 years, Campeche was frequently attacked. Nevertheless, it is a delightful city and filled with interesting things to do.
Explore the old city of Campeche
There are a lot of beautiful restored old towns in Mexico, but Campeche is one of the nicest, cleanest and most elegant. The Campeche neighborhood is lovely and colorful, with neat sidewalks and smoothly laid out roads!
Wander along the Campeche Malecon
One of the nicest things about Campeche is its waterfront setting. The best way to enjoy that? Wandering along the malecon, or the walkway along the waterfront, just before sunset. This is the time when it cools down and everyone comes out to see things and to be seen. You'll see couples posing for photographers, joggers, cyclists, elderly people having conversations and groups of teenagers giggling.
Stop for a Bite at Calle 59
Calle 59 is a pedestrian-only street filled with outdoor tables from the surrounding restaurants. You can cat here at night, but a lot of people come for drinks. This is the one place in Campeche that feels touristy—its tables are filled with giant beers that get shared among multiple peoples.
1．Which of the following sentence can best describe Campeche?
A．Campeche has a large population.
B．Campeche is a city with mixed heritage.
C．Campeche has experienced years of civil war.
D．Campeche once appealed to pirates for its culture.
2．What's the best thing for visitors to do before sunset?
A．Having a nice walk along the malecon. B．Enjoying the atmosphere of Campeche.
C．Drinking beers in the restaurants. D．Taking some pictures of the sunset.
3．If you want to sense the touristy atmosphere the best choice is_____________.
A．Mexico. B．Calle 59.
C．The Campeche neighborhood. D．The Campeche Malecon.
【答案】
1．B
2．A
3．B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个名为Campeche的城市历史，以及游览它的一些建议。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Campeche is a city with a tumultuous history. Originally this area was settled by the Mayans. The first Spanish colonizers arrived in 1517 and established Campeche as the main port in the region. Unsurprisingly, this made Campeche an attractive target for pirates who first arrived in the late 16 century. For the next 200 years, Campeche was frequently attacked. (坎佩切是一个有着动荡历史的城市。最初是玛雅人在这一地区定居。第一批西班牙殖民者于1517年抵达这里，并将坎佩切建立为该地区的主要港口。不出所意料，这使得坎佩切成为了16世纪晚期首次来到这里的海盗的一个有吸引力的目标。在接下来的200年里，坎佩切经常遭到袭击)”可推知，坎佩切是一个有着混合遗迹的城市。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Wander along the Campeche Malecon部分中“The best way to enjoy that? Wandering along the malecon, or the walkway along the waterfront, just before sunset.(最好的享受方式是什么？在日落之前，沿着河边的海滨大道漫步)”可知，日落前游客最好沿着海滨大道好好走一走。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Calle 59 is a pedestrian-only street filled with outdoor tables from the surrounding restaurants. You can cat here at night, but a lot of people come for drinks. This is the one place in Campeche that feels touristy—its tables are filled with giant beers that get shared among multiple peoples.(Calle 59是一条步行街，到处都是周边餐厅的户外餐桌。你可以在晚上在这里吃饭，但是很多人来这里喝酒。这是坎佩切唯一一个游客常去的地方——它的桌子上摆满了可供多人分享的巨型啤酒)”可知，如果你想感受旅游的氛围，最好的选择是Calle 59。故选B。
五、
Muir Woods and Sausalito Half Day Tour
Wander through an ancient coastal redwood forest and explore the artistic bayside on this half-day tour from San Francisco. Travel across the Golden Gate Bridge to visit Muir Woods, home to some of the oldest and tallest trees on Earth. At the end of your tour choose between getting dropped off at Union Square in San Francisco or taking the ferry back to San Francisco.
Yosemite National Park and Giant Sequoias Day Trip
Discover the beauty of the Sierra Nevada on this full-day trip to Yosemite National Park from San Francisco. Travel aboard a comfortable van through historic Gold Rush towns to reach the park, where you’ll be amazed by supersized natural wonders. Take a hike among ancient trees, and enjoy several hours to explore the park’s wonders on your own.
Niagara Falls Tour
Escape from New York City and head north to see both sides of the Canadian border on this guided, 2-day tour to Niagara Falls. Visit Niagara Falls on both the American and Canadian sides and take a ride on the famous Maid of the Mist boat. Then, on the road back to New York City, make a stop to shop at the Crossings Premium Outlets, one of the largest outlet malls in the US.
Napa and Sonoma Wine Country Tour
Escape to California’s famous wine country on this full-day tour from San Francisco. Taste regional varietals at three different wineries including both big-name and family-run estates (庄园). Learn about the winemaking process during guided tours, and appreciate the regional culture with a stop for lunch.
1．Which tour should you choose if you want to do some shopping ?
A．Muir Woods and Sausalito Half Day Tour.
B．Yosemite National Park and Giant Sequoias Day Trip.
C．Niagara Falls Tour.
D．Napa and Sonoma Wine Country Tour.
2．What can you do on Napa and Sonoma Wine Country Tour ?
A．Appreciate some of the oldest and tallest trees on Earth.
B．Enjoy supersized natural wonders.
C．Get some winemaking knowledge.
D．Take a ride on the boat.
3．What does the writer intend to do by writing the passage?
A．To introduce some outdoor activities.
B．To share some tour experiences.
C．To advertise for the wine country.
D．To call for protecting natural wonders.
【答案】
1．C
2．C
3．A
【解析】本文是一篇广告布告类短文阅读。文章主要向读者介绍了四个不同户外活动。
1．细节理解题。根据文章Niagara Falls Tour中的Visit Niagara Falls on both the American and Canadian sides and take a ride on the famous Maid of the Mist boat. Then, on the road back to New York City, make a stop to shop at the Crossings Premium Outlets, one of the largest outlet malls in the US.可知，在回纽约市的路上，可以在crossing Premium Outlets停下来购物，这是美国最大的购物中心之一。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据文章Napa and Sonoma Wine Country Tour中的Learn about the winemaking process during guided tours, and appreciate the regional culture with a stop for lunch.可知，在纳帕和索诺玛葡萄酒乡村之旅中，可以在导游的带领下了解葡萄酒酿造过程。故选C。
3．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文是一篇广告布告类短文阅读。文章主要向读者介绍了四个不同户外活动。故选A。
【点睛】文章内容较为简单，文章考查到细节理解题，对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别。如小题2中选择项中Get some winemaking knowledge与文中的Learn about the winemaking process表达的同一个意思，这些都考生需要比较它们之间的细微区别。
六、
Field Trips Your Students Actually Want to Go On
Some of the best memories from grade school are made at field trips. Field trips offer students something they can’t get from lectures or textbook pages — hands -on fun! Here are some metro Detroit attractions to visit with your students. They're great places to make memories and, of course, learn something too!
1. Belle Isle Nature Center （Detroit）
Availability: Wednesday, Thursday or Friday at 10:30 a. m. , 11 :30 a. m. or 12:30 p. m.
Admission : Free
Enjoy both indoor and outdoor animal exhibits. Programs include a deer feeding, a hands - on activity and discovery time.
2. Michigan Science Center （Detroit）
Availability: Wednesday-Friday （ hours vary, also Tuesdays from Oct. 8, 2021, to Jan. 7,2022）
Admission : Varies by experience you select
Interact with more than 250 hands -on exhibits that explore space, health, physical science, engineering and more.
3. Diamond Jack's River Tours （Detroit）
Availability: Monday - Friday, May 1 to Oct. 31,at 9 :30 a. m. , 10:30 a. m. , 11 :30 a. m. or 12:30 p. m.
Admission : $ 9/person
Sec 16 miles of the U. S. and Canada Detroit River shoreline, ocean-going and Great Lakes ships, a light house, die fire boat, parks, ship terminals, a mail boat and much more.
4. Arts & Scraps (Detroit)
Availability: Monday, Wednesday or Friday
Admission : Varies by age and number in group
Let your students' imaginations run wild. They'll think, create and learn while re-imagining recycled industrial materials. You can create a customized topic.
1．Which of the following field trips is related to astronomy?
A．Arts &Scraps. B．Michigan Science Center.
C．Belle Isle Nature Center. D．Diamond Jack's River Tours.
2．Who is the text written for?
A．Teachers. B．Parents. C．Students. D．Scientists.
3．What are “field trips” according to the passage?
A．They are lectures that take place in open fields.
B．They are camps that all charge for an entrance fee.
C．They are visits to study something away from school.
D．They are tours connected with nature and physical science.
【答案】
1．B
2．A
3．C
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个实地考察项目的内容及开放时间等。
1．细节理解题。根据第二个项目Michigan Science Center部分“Interact with more than 250 hands-on exhibits that explore space, health, physical science, engineering and more.(与250多个探索太空、健康、物理科学、工程及更多的可以亲身体验的展品互动。)”可知，Michigan Science Center与天文学有关。故选B项。
2．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Here are some metro Detroit attractions to visit with your students.(这里有一些可以和你的学生一起参观的大都市底特律的景点。)”可知，本文是写给老师的。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Field trips offer students something they can’t get from lectures or textbook pages—hands-on fun!(实地考察给学生们提供了一些他们从课堂或课本上得不到的东西——亲身体验的乐趣。)”可知，实地考察是去学校以外的地方研究一些东西。故选C项。
七、
When British musician Paul Barton performs in central Thailand lately, the listeners react wildly. Some pull his hair or jump on his piano. Others steal his music. The behavior is normal, however, because these crowds are truly wild—wild monkeys to be exact.
Barton plays often to the animals in Lopburi, an area known for its populations of wild monkeys. The pianist hopes the music shows bring calm to the animals during the corona virus(COVID-19) crisis.
The disease has caused problems for the monkeys, too. They are hungry. The restrictions on tourism mean fewer people come to see the monkeys and feed them.
The monkeys quickly surround Barton when he plays Greensleeves, Beethoven's Fur Elise and Michael Nyman's Diary of Love. Some of the creatures sit on his chair, while others climb up his body and touch his head. But, Barton keeps his attention on his performance, even as a small monkey runs over his hands on the instrument. Other monkeys take control of his music papers. “I was glad and surprised to find that they were actually eating the music as I was playing it.”
The monkeys are Barton's latest animal fans. Past wildlife audience included elephants living in special protected areas. Barton hopes to raise people's awareness of the monkeys' hunger. At the same time, he hopes to study their behavior as they react to classical music.
“Come together and don't let the pandemic stop the wild monkeys getting good nutritious food. We need to make an effort to make sure that they eat properly. And when they eat properly they will be calmer,” said 59 -year-old Barton.
4．Why does the musician play to the wild monkeys?
A．To see the wild animals just being themselves. B．To study their behavior as they react to pop music.
C．To raise money for the wild monkeys' hunger. D．To help calm them during COVID -19 crisis.
5．What kind of music docs the musician play?
A．Contemporary music. B．Classical music.
C．Country music. D．Popular music.
6．What docs the underlined phrase “eating the music" in Paragraph 4 refer to ?
A．Stealing his music papers. B．Eating his music papers.
C．Disturbing his performance. D．Enjoying his playing
7．What can we infer from the text?
A．Wild monkeys like to play with the musician. B．People will start to protect the wild monkeys.
C．The COVID-19 has damaged much to the world. D．Music can make the wild animals more active.
【答案】
4．D
5．B
6．D
7．C
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。英国音乐家Paul Barton最近在泰国中部演出，希望能缓解新冠病毒危机带给动物的压力，带来了很好的反响。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Barton plays often to the animals in Lopburi, an area known for its populations of wild monkeys. The pianist hopes the music shows bring calm to the animals during the corona virus(COVID-19) crisis.)( Barton经常和Lopburi的动物们玩耍，Lopburi是一个以野生猴子群而闻名的地区。这位钢琴家希望音乐表演能在冠状病毒疫情期间给动物带来平静)”可知，音乐家对着野生猴子演奏是为了帮助他们在新冠肺炎疫情期间保持镇静。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The monkeys quickly surround Barton when he plays Greensleeves, Beethoven's Fur Elise and Michael Nyman's Diary of Love.(当Barton演奏《绿袖》、贝多芬的《致爱丽丝》和Michael Nyman的《爱的日记》时，猴子们很快就把他包围了)”可知，音乐家演奏的是古典音乐。故选B。
6．词义猜测题。根据第四段中“The monkeys quickly surround Barton when he plays Greensleeves, Beethoven's Fur Elise and Michael Nyman's Diary of Love.(当Barton演奏《绿袖》、贝多芬的《致爱丽丝》和Michael Nyman的《爱的日记》时，猴子们很快就把他包围了)”以及画线词上文“I was glad and surprised to find that they were actually”以及后文“as I was playing it”可知，让Barton高兴和惊讶的是，在他演奏音乐的时候，猴子真地在欣赏他的演奏。画线词指的是“欣赏他的演奏”。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据第二段“Barton plays often to the animals in Lopburi, an area known for its populations of wild monkeys. The pianist hopes the music shows bring calm to the animals during the corona virus(COVID-19) crisis.( Barton经常和Lopburi的动物们玩耍，Lopburi是一个以野生猴子群而闻名的地区。这位钢琴家希望音乐表演能在冠状病毒疫情期间给动物带来平静)”以及第三段“The disease has caused problems for the monkeys, too. They are hungry. The restrictions on tourism mean fewer people come to see the monkeys and feed them.(这种疾病也给猴子带来了问题。他们挨饿。对旅游业的限制意味着更少的人来看猴子和喂它们)”可推知，新冠肺炎疫情给世界造成严重损害。故选C。
八、
Customer Service Diploma
Subject: Business, Marketing&. Sales
Location: United Kingdom
Delivery method: Online
Course type: Part-time, Short(less than 3 months), Full-time
Price: Now £45, was £299-85% discount
About the course
Our Customer Service Diploma is the perfect course for anyone looking to working in the Customer Service sector. It’s packed with information of 11 modules, teaching you everything you need to succeed in this profession. Your qualification will be recognized and can be checked for validity(有效)on our dedicated website.
Description
This course consists of eleven information of packed modules, including:
● Make a great first impression, learn how positive attitude, dress and body language affect your perception(感知).
● Learn how to care for your customer’s needs, from seeing customer service from their perspective to the importance of communication.
● The course will teach you how to deal with difficult customers, how to hold back anger, how to control your own emotions and how keeping calm can solve the problem that bit faster.
Benefits of the Customer Services Diploma
The benefits of a customer services diploma are endless, but here are some you can take notes of right way:
● Your motivation levels will increase as you see your clients become more comfortable with you and the service you provide.
● Learn essential problem-solving skills you can use daily.
● See your confidence soar as you get more comfortable with dealing with customers face to face, over the phone and online.
1．Who may be most interested in the course?
A．People with a diploma of teaching.
B．People interested in part-time work.
C．People interested in customer service.
D．People interested in training life skills.
2．What does the course offer?
A．Flexible course types. B．A lower price of £299.
C．Packed information of customers. D．Accommodation during the course.
3．Which of the following is included in the modules?
A．Learning how to manage your marketing team.
B．Learning how to better communicate with customers.
C．Learning how to express your emotions freely and strongly.
D．Learning how to check your qualification on the dedicated website.
【答案】
1．C
2．A
3．B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一门与顾客服务相关的课程。
1．细节理解题。根据About the course中的第一句话“Our Customer Service Diploma is the perfect course for anyone looking to working in the Customer Service sector. (我们的客户服务文凭是任何想在客户服务部门工作的人的完美课程。)”可知, 这门课程可以给对顾客服务工作感兴趣的人提供文凭。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第四行 “Course type: Part-time, Short(less than 3 months), Full-time”可知, 学习这一课程有全职学习、短期学习和兼职学习三种灵活的方式。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据Description部分中的“Learn how to care for your customer’s needs(学习如何关心客户的需求)”以及 “the importance of communication“沟通的重要性”可知, 学员可以学到如何关注顾客需求并更有效地与顾客交流。故选B。
九、
Welcome to the International Science Drama Competition 2022
This competition is an annual event aimed to promote science through drama. It involves teams from Singapore and overseas, and will be a great opportunity for you to showcase your talents on an international level.
What is the theme for the International Science Drama Competition 2022?
The theme for 2022 is “Sustainable Agriculture for a Better Future”.
Your performance should combine scientific content and drama. Examples of some possible topics include but are not limited to the following:
Farming using renewable energy sources
Hydroponics(水栽培)and Aquaponics(养种共生)
Food security
Protecting the environment as we meet society's food and textile needs
How do I participate in the International Science Drama Competition 2022?
Junior Category
All participants must be age 12 or below, excluding teachers or adults who can help as backstage crew.
Open Category
Teams will compete in this category when at least one member is above age 12.
Short Films Category
There is no age limit for participants. You may participate with your friends, families or community groups. You may represent your school or an organization or just form a team and compete on your own.
Mark your calendars!
Date
Programme
March 8,2022
Submission of Entry Forms
May 5,2022
Video Submission Deadline
May 19,2022
Announcement of Shortlisted Finalists' Videos
June 7,2022
Video Submission Deadline for Finalists
June 14~23,2022
LIVE Online Polling of Finalists' Videos
June 28,2022
Results Announcement
July ~ September,2022
(Date to be confirmed)
GRAND FINALS! (Online)
1．What do we know about the competition?
A．Its theme is limited to four topics.
B．It's held in many different countries.
C．It's intended to promote science through drama.
D．Its participants will go from one category to another.
2．What is required for Open Category?
A．You must have an adult coach.
B．You must represent your school.
C．At least one member is above age 12.
D．All participants must be age 12 or below.
3．When should finalists' videos be submitted?
A．By March 8, 2022. B．By June 7, 2022.
C．By June 28, 2022. D．By September 14, 2022.
【答案】
1．C
2．C
3．B
【解析】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了2022年国际科学戏剧比赛的内容、参赛方式和时间安排等情况。
1．细节理解题。根据“Welcome to the International Science Drama Competition 2022”部分第一句“This competition is an annual event aimed to promote science through drama.”（该比赛是一项年度活动，旨在通过戏剧促进科学。）可知，这个比赛旨在通过戏剧促进科学。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Open Category”部分“Teams will compete in this category when at least one member is above age 12.”（参赛队伍必须至少有一名队员年龄在12岁以上。）可知，Open Category要求参赛队伍必须至少有一名队员年龄在12岁以上。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“Mark your calendars!”部分“June 7,2022 Video Submission Deadline for Finalists”（2022年6月7日 决赛视频提交截止日期）可知，决赛视频应在2022年6月7日前提交。故选B。
十、
Tips for Writing a Cover Letter
If you are applying for an internship, you will likely have to submit a cover letter as part of your application. Read below for tips on writing an internship cover letter.
Use Business Letter Format
Use proper business letter format when sending a cover letter by mail. Include your contact information at the top, the date, and the contact information for the employer. Be sure to provide a proper salutation, and sign your name at the bottom.
Individualize Your Cover Letter
Make sure to write a unique cover letter for each internship for which you apply. Highlight skills and abilities you have that relate to the specific internship listing. The main emphasis of your cover letter should be convincing the reader that you will be a qualified intern.
Emphasize Your Academic Experience
In the letter, you can mention academic experience, if applicable. Especially if you have limited work experience, you might use examples from school to demonstrate that you have particular skills. For example, if the internship requires you to work as part of a team, provide an example of an assistant at the library or a successful team project you worked on during one of your college courses.
Include Extra Classroom Experiences
You can also include details about your relevant experience form extra classroom activities or volunteer work. For example, a reporter for a college newspaper can point to interviewing and writing skills; a history of volunteering at a shelter can provide an example of strong interpersonal and organizational skills.
Proofread and Edit
Be sure to thoroughly proofread your cover letter for spelling and grammar errors. Many internships are very competitive, and any error can hurt your chances of getting an interview. Also, avoid using too many words to convey your information and intention.
1．What can you do to personalize your internship cover letter?
A．Use proper business letter format.
B．Employ more convincing expressions.
C．Promise a good performance in the internship.
D．Stress my own abilities related to the requirements.
2．Academic experience included in the cover letter can ________.
A．make up for the lack of work experience B．prove you’ll be an outstanding organizer
C．show you have a good academic performance D．multiply the chance of working on a team project
3．According to the text, a cover letter should be _____________.
A．emotional and simplified B．informal and detailed
C．brief and targeted D．academic and qualified
【答案】
1．D
2．A
3．C
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了求职信的五个写作技巧。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段“Make sure to write a unique cover letter for each internship for which you apply. Highlight skills and abilities you have that relate to the specific internship listing. The main emphasis of your cover letter should be convincing the reader that you will be a qualified intern.(确保为你申请的每个实习岗位写一封独特的求职信。突出你所拥有的与实习相关的技能和能力。求职信的重点应该是让读者相信你是一个合格的实习生)”可知，强调自己与要求相关的能力，才能让你的实习求职信更个性化。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“In the letter, you can mention academic experience, if applicable. Especially if you have limited work experience, you might use examples from school to demonstrate that you have particular skills.(如果可以的话，你可以在信中提到你的学术经历。特别是如果你的工作经验有限，你可以用学校里的例子来证明你有特殊的技能)”可知，求职信中包含的学术经验可以弥补工作经验的不足。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Be sure to thoroughly proofread your cover letter for spelling and grammar errors. Many internships are very competitive, and any error can hurt your chances of getting an interview. Also, avoid using too many words to convey your information and intention.(一定要彻底校对你的求职信的拼写和语法错误。很多实习都很有竞争力，任何失误都可能损害你获得面试机会的机会。同时，避免用太多的词语来表达你的信息和意图)”可知，求职信应该简洁而有针对性。故选C。
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