2022届安徽省黄山市屯溪第一中学高三10月月考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022届安徽省黄山市屯溪第一中学高三10月月考英语试题（解析版），共21页。

2022届安徽省黄山市屯溪第一中学高三10月月考英语试题第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话,选出最佳选项。
1. What is the woman doing?
A. Opening an account. B. Downloading an app. C. Asking for a loan.
2. When will the lab be available for the woman?
A. This morning. B. This afternoon. C. Tomorrow morning.
3. Where are the speakers?
A. In a bank. B. In a shopping mall. C. At a customs office.
4. What will the man do on Monday?
A. Visit a factory. B. Make a phone call. C. Take a business trip.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A customer. B. A meeting. C. A website.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白,选出最佳选项。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man buy?
A. Perfume. B. A backpack. C. White wine.
7. What does the woman ask the man to do first?
A. Deliver the product. B. Show his passport. C. Pay by credit card.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. How often does the man give a presentation?
A. Once a week. B. Twice a month. C. Once a month.
9. What was wrong with the man' s presentation?
A. His introduction was too simple.
B. His case study took too much time.
C He interacted too little with the audience.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Waiter and manager. B. Audience and performer. C. Tourist and receptionist.
11. Which is offered for free?
A. The checkroom. B. The flowers. C. The entrance tickets.
12. When will the woman probably arrive at the square?
A. By 5 pm. B. By 6 pm. C. By 8 pm.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What resources can only be used in the Business Center?
A. Laptops. B. Printers. C. Video tapes.
14. What might the man have been doing these days?
A. Writing a report. B. Taking some training. C. Applying for a course.
15. Which is the most popular business area in the center?
A. Finance. B. Marketing. C. Management.
16. How does the man feel about the center’s resources?
A. They' re difficult. B. They' re useful. C. They' re expensive.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who might the speaker be?
A. A teacher. B. An actor. C. A scientist.
18. When did the construction of the Titanic finish?
A. In 1909. B. In 1912. C. In 1915.
19. What was the main reason for the Titanic' s sinking according to the speaker?
A. A wrong turn.
B. The bad weather conditions.
C. The dismissal of iceberg warnings.
20. What will the listeners probably do next?
A. Watch a movie. B. Do some reading. C. Listen to another story.
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Living in a culture that is different from your own can be both an exciting and challenging experience. The following are 6 cultural differences between China and the USA to help promoting mutual understanding.
Money
As is well known, the Chinese are conservative when they are planning to spend money, but far fewer American families are saving money for emergencies and education than their Chinese counterparts (对等的人)..
Privacy
Chinese people do not have the same concept of privacy as American do. They talk about topic such as ages, income or marital (婚姻的) status, which Americans think is annoying and disturbing.
Family
In China, elders are traditionally treated with great respect while young are cared for. In America, the goal of the family is to encourage independence, particularly that of the children. Unlike the Chinese, older Americans seldom live with their children.
Friends
Chinese people have different meanings to define friends. Just hanging out together time to time is not friendship. Friendship means lifelong friends who feel it deeply necessary to give each other whatever help might seem required. Americans always call people they meet friends, so the definition of friends is general and different. There are work friends, playing friends, school friends and drinking friends.
Education
Chinese people value education and career more than Americans, who in turn attach more great importance to good character and faith, which they think are of great value in their life.
________
Basically China values the community and the USA values the individual. If you achieve something in the USA, it’s because you are great. While in China, if you achieve something, it’s because the team, or family, or company is great. Everything you do gets owed to the greater whole, while in American individual achievements are celebrated.
1. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Americans lay more stress on faith and good personality.
B. Americans think much of the individual and the community.
C. Americans are mean with money to spend while Chinese are not.
D. Americans define friendship almost the same.
2. Which of the following can best describe the last difference?
A. Achievements B. Individual
C. Team VS Individual D. Teamwork
3. What is the purpose of writing the passage?
A. To promote friendship between China and the USA.
B. To help Chinese live well in the USA.
C. To have a complete understanding of the USA.
D. To introduce the cultural differences between China and the USA
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。生活在一个和自己文化不同的社会里，可能是一个既令人兴奋、又充满挑战的经历。你必须了解不同文化的行为习惯，并且努力适应它们。本文说明了中国和美国之间的六点文化差异。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Chinese people value education and career more than Americans, who in turn attach more great importance to good character and faith得知中国人看重教育和事业，而美国人则更强调好品格和信仰。故选A。
【2题详解】
主旨大意题。根据下文Basically China values the community and the USA values the individual.。得知总的来说，中国更加看重集体，而美国则更看重个人。A. Achievements 成就； B. Individual个人；C. Team VS Individual集体主义VS个人主义；D. Teamwork 团队合作。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段的Following are the top six cultural differences between China and the US.得知本文写作目的是为了介绍中国和美国之间的六点文化差异。故选D。
B
Tea, the most typical of English drinks, is a relative latecomer to British shores. Although the custom of drinking tea dates back to the third millennium (一千年) BC in China, it was not until the mid-17th century that the drink first appeared in England. It was the Portuguese and Dutch traders who first imported tea to Europe, reaching the Continent by the way of Venice around 1560, with regular shipments by 1610.
Curiously, it was the London coffee houses that were responsible for introducing tea to England. One of the first coffee house merchants to offer tea was Thomas Garway. He sold both liquid and dry tea to the public as early as 1657. Three years later he issued a broadsheet advertising tea at £6 to £10 per pound, touting ( 兜 售 ) its virtues at “making the body active and lusty (健壮的)”, and “preserving perfect health until extreme old age”.
Tea gained popularity quickly in the coffee houses, and by 1700 over 500 coffee houses sold it. This distressed the pub owners, as tea cut their sales of beer, and it was bad news for the government, who depended upon a steady stream of revenue (税收) from taxes on liquor sales. By 1750 tea had become the favoured drink of Britain’s lower classes.
A 1676 act taxed tea and required coffee house operators to apply for a license. This was just the start of government attempts to control, or at least, to profit from the popularity of tea in Britain. By the mid-18th century the duty on tea had reached a ridiculous 119 percent. This heavy taxation had the effect of creating a whole new industry — tea smuggling ( 走 私 ). Ships from Holland and Scandinavia brought tea to the British coast, then stood offshore while smugglers met them and unloaded the precious cargo in small vessels. The smugglers, often local fishermen, secretly moved the tea inland through underground passages and hidden paths to special hiding places. One of the best hiding places was in the local church!
Even smuggled tea was expensive, however, and therefore extremely profitable, so many smugglers began to adulterate (掺假) the tea with other substances, such as willow and sloe leaves. Used tea leaves were also redried and added to fresh leaves.
Finally, in 1784 William Pitt the Younger introduced the Commutation Act, which dropped the tax on tea from 119% to 12.5%, effectively ending smuggling. Adulteration remained a problem, though, until the Food and Drug Act of 1875 brought in severe punishment for the practice.
4. According to the passage, tea drinking _______.
A. is the favorite pastime of the Dutch
B. is an important British tradition
C. was well-received by the Portuguese centuries ago
D. could be found everywhere in the world in 1560
5. Who might be annoyed by the popularity of the tea?
A. Coffee house owners. B. Wine sellers.
C. Britain’s lower classes. D. Smugglers.
6. Which of the following statements about tea smuggling is TRUE?
A. Churches provided convenience for smuggling.
B. Fishermen and farmers contributed a lot to tea industry.
C. Underground passages and boats were ideal hiding places for tea.
D. The government encouraged tea smuggling for taxes on tea.
7. How was the order of the tea market finally restored in Britain?
A. By passing an act related to a tax rise.
B. By imposing mild punishment.
C. By punishing those who sold fake tea.
D. By mixing redried used leaves with fresh tea leaves.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了茶在英国的发展历史。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句Tea, the most typical of English drinks，可知茶，最典型的英国饮料，可知，喝茶在英国也是很受欢迎的。选项B和文章的意义相符合。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段前两句：Tea gained popularity quickly in the coffee houses, and by 1700 over 500 coffee houses sold it. This distressed the pub owners, as tea cut their sales of beer, and it was bad news for the government, who depended upon a steady stream of revenue (税收) from taxes on liquor sales.可知。茶的流行使酒吧老板很苦恼，因为茶的出售因为茶削减了他们的啤酒销量，这对政府来说是个坏消息，因为政府依赖于来自酒类销售税收的稳定收入。选项B符合题意。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。结合文章第四段： This heavy taxation had the effect of creating a whole new industry — tea smuggling ( 走 私 ). Ships from Holland and Scandinavia brought tea to the British coast, then stood offshore while smugglers met them and unloaded the precious cargo in small vessels. The smugglers, often local fishermen, secretly moved the tea inland through underground passages and hidden paths to special hiding places. One of the best hiding places was in the local church!这种重税造成了一个全新的产业——茶叶走私。 来自荷兰和斯堪的纳维亚的船只，把茶叶带到了英国海岸，然后停靠在近海，走私者与他们会面，用小船卸下珍贵的货物。 走私者，通常是当地的渔民，通过地下通道和隐蔽的小路，秘密地将茶叶运往内陆特殊的藏匿地点。最好的藏身之处就是当地的教堂！可以知道，因为对茶叶的重税，促使茶叶走私的形成。当地渔民把走私的茶叶藏在当地的教堂，所以教堂为走私茶叶提供了便利。所以A项符合题意。故选A项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。理解文章最后一段：最后，在1784年，小威廉·皮特引入了减税法案，将茶叶税从119% 降至12.5% ，有效地终止了走私。 掺假一直是个问题，直到1875年的《食品和药品法》对这种行为进行了严厉的惩罚。可以得知，正是因为对茶叶掺假问题的行为进行了严厉的惩罚后，茶叶市场才恢复了正常的秩序。选项C和文章意义相符。故选C项。
C
El Nifio, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”, was named by South American fisherman who noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.
The weather effects both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerful Nifio, on balance, than they lose. A study found that a strong Nifio in 1997 helped American’s economy grow by 15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvest, farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain. The total rise in agricultural in rich countries in growth than the fall in poor ones.
But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multi-year drought (干旱）in south-east Brazil is becoming worse. Though heavy rains brought about by El Nino may relieve the drought in California, they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters.
The most recent powerful Nino, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe. But such Ninos come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare. According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards. This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction.
Simple improvements to infrastructure (基础设施）can reduce the spread of disease. Better sewers (下水道）make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach. Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods. According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and co-authors, civil conflict is related to El Nino’s harmful effects—and the poorer the country, the stronger the link. Though the relationship may not be causal, helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people. Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nino, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.
8. What can we learn about El Nino in Paragraph 1?
A. It is named after a South American fisherman.
B. It takes place almost every year all over the world.
C. It forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas.
D. It sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean.
9. What may El Ninos bring about to the countries affected?
A. Agricultural harvests in rich countries fall.
B. Droughts become more harmful than floods.
C. Rich countries’ gains are greater than their losses.
D. Poor countries suffer less from droughts economically.
10. The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that_________.
A. more investment should go to risk reduction
B. governments of poor countries need more aid
C. victims of El Nino deserve more compensation
D. recovery and reconstruction should come first
11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A To introduce El Nino and its origin.
B. To explain the consequences of El Nino.
C. To show ways of fighting against El Nino.
D. To urge people to prepare for El Nino.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【分析】试题分析：本文介绍了厄尔尼诺现象对地球的影响，并告诉我们政府应该做更多的投资预防厄尔尼诺的危害而不是在出现问题以后进行重新补救和恢复。
【8题详解】
D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句El Nino sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.可知厄尔尼诺现象见证了海洋中水流方向的变化。故D正确。
【9题详解】
C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句Rich countries gain more from powerful Nino, on balance, than they lose.可知富有国家从厄尔尼诺现象中得到的好处多于它带来的损失。C项正确。
【10题详解】
A 推理判断题。根据第四段第三句According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards.故A项正确。
【11题详解】
D 主旨大意题。根据最后一句＂Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nino, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.＂各国政府要把减少损失放在优先的位置。也就是说我们要事先做好准备。故D项正确。
【名师点睛】
第4小题属于阅读理解中的目的意图题。作者在描述事实或传递信息时,不管他的意图是什么,其观点和态度都不可避免地在文章中反映出来｡常见的涉及到作者态度的词有褒义类词（approving, positive, optimistic,等），贬义类词(critical, pessimistic, doubtful, questioning)和中性类词(indifferent, serious, objective, concerned, neutral)。这就要求考生在阅读时应特别注意文章的措辞,尤其注意那些表达感情色彩的形容词如improving, encouraging, disappointing, ignore等，以及作者对人物语言､行为和思想的描写,从中领悟作者的写作意图和态度｡
本文最后一句Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nino, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.既然最贫穷的国家最不可能从厄尔尼诺这样的灾难中得到弥补，那么我们要把减少损失放在首要位置。从本句的措辞中可以看出本文正是要敦促我们要为可能发生的厄尔尼诺做好准备。
考点：考查科普说明文阅读

D
From the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation. When children are little we make them read aloud, before the teacher and other children, so that we can be sure they “know” all the words they are reading. This means that when they don't know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone. After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years, I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books, and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously.
One day soon after school had started, I said to them, “Now I’m going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I would like you to read a lot of books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure. I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not. If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, that’s enough for me. Also I’m not going to ask you what words mean.”
The children sat stunned and silent. Was this a teacher talking? One girl, who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time, looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished. Then, still looking at me, she said slowly and seriously, “Mr Holt, do you really mean that?” I said just as seriously, “I mean every word of it.”
During the spring she really astonished me. One day, she was reading at her desk. From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was. I said to myself, “It can’t be.” and went to take a closer look. Sure enough, she was reading Moby Dick, in edition with woodcuts. I said, “Don’t you find parts of it rather heavy going?” She answered, “Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part.”
This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom is, an exciting, joyous adventure. Find something, dive into it, take the good parts, skip the bad parts, get what you can out of it, go on to something else. How different is our mean-spirited, picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of “understanding” that can be dug out of a book!
12. According to the passage, children’s fear and dislike of books may result from________.
A. reading little and thinking little B. reading often and adventurously
C. being made to read too much D. being made to read aloud before others
13. Upon hearing the teacher’s talk, the children probably felt that________.
A. it sounded stupid B. it was not surprising at all
C. it sounded too good to be true D. it was no different from other teachers' talk
14. Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage?
A. She skipped over those easy parts while reading.
B. She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks.
C. She learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books.
D. She turned out to be a top student after coming to this school.
15. From the teacher’s point of view, ________.
A. children cannot tell good parts from bad parts while reading
B. children should be left to decide what to read and how to read
C. reading is never a pleasant and inspiring experience in school
D. reading involves understanding every little piece of information
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者作为老师为了改变学生讨厌读书的状况，鼓励学生只为乐趣而读，将读书变成了愉悦的过程。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“When children are little we make them read aloud, before the teacher and other children, so that we can be sure they “know” all the words they are reading. This means that when they don’t know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone. (当孩子们还小的时候，我们让他们当着老师和其他孩子的面大声朗读，这样我们就可以确保他们“知道”他们正在读的所有单词。这就意味着当他们连一个单词都不认识的时候，他们就会当着所有人的面犯错误)”可知，在众人面前犯错误会引起孩子的挫败感。由此推知，孩子们对书的恐惧和厌恶可能是由于被要求在别人面前大声朗读。故选D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“The children sat stunned and silent. Was this a teacher talking? (孩子们坐着目瞪口呆，一言不发。这是老师在说话吗？)”可知，孩子们很震惊。由此推知，老师的话听起来太过美好而不敢相信它是真的，故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“I said, “Don’t you find parts of it rather heavy going?” She answered, “Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part.”(我说：“难道你不觉得这本书中的一些章节太难吗？”她回答：“哦，当然，但我只是跳过这些部分继续下一个好的部分。”)”可知，当作者问这个女孩是否觉得某些章节太难时，女孩回答说她会跳过难理解的部分，继续看下一章精彩的部分。由此可知，她学会了欣赏困难书籍的某些部分。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Find something, dive into it, take the good parts, skip the bad parts, get what you can out of it, go on to something else.(找到一些东西，埋头去读它们，抓住好的部分，跳过坏的部分，从中得到你能得到的，然后再去读其他的。)”可判断出，从老师的角度看，应该让孩子们决定读什么和怎样读。故选B项。
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Childhood is an important period of social development, particularly in the formation of social identity, which is how we perceive our various roles in society in relation to others. ___16___If a child is very shy and withdrawn, it’s likely that other children will pick up on that child’s social cues(暗示)andleave them alone,thus confirming the child’s social identity as "shy and withdrawn.” In turn, the child may become upset, trying to break free from that identity.
___17___The more people identify with(认同) a particular group, the more that group plays a role in shaping how people feel about themselves. Being a member of that group becomes important for how people regard themselves and their abilities. ___18___
Not all children who experience threats to their social identity will experience depression. ___19___For example, a child who only sees himself as a star soccer player may experience discomfort and a sense of loss if he suddenly becomes injured and is unable to play soccer anymore. The child may lose his status as a star athlete, which opens the door for depression.
How can a child’s identity be supported? As an adult, you can acknowledge what and who is important to them. Try not to place too much emphasis on any one single social role. ___20___What’s more, if you notice that a child is losing interest in activities they once loved, or other behaviors that show they are feeling depressed, seek advice from their mental health providers.
A. Social identity allows people to be part of groups.
B. In fact,the child may hide their negative side and try to fit in.
C Our social identities are often influenced by people around us.
D. Instead,encourage them to try new and different things in life.
E. Only those with a limited number of social roles are more at risk.
F. So gaining status within the group can help people develop a sense of belonging.
G. Why does a child feel depressed without being noticed by their parents or teachers?
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. F 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。本文为主要论述了群体对塑造个人的社会认同方面的作用和影响，以及如何帮助孩子建立社会认同。
【16题详解】
根据下文“If a child is very shy and withdrawn, it’s likely that other children will pick up on that child’s social cues and leave them alone,thus confirming the child’s social identity as “shy and withdrawn.” In turn, the child may become upset, trying to break free from that identity. (如果一个孩子非常害羞和孤僻，那么其他孩子很可能会注意到这个孩子的社交暗示而不去理睬他们，从而确认孩子的社会身份是“害羞和孤僻”。反过来，孩子可能会变得不安，试图摆脱这种身份)”可知，用具体例子说别的孩子对那个害羞孤僻的孩子的行为会影响那个孩子，使他不安。由此可知，设空处应谈到了社会认同感常常受他人的影响，C选项“Our social identities are often influenced by people around us.(我们的社会认同常常受周围人的影响)”切题。故选C项。
【17题详解】
下一句“The more people identify with a particular group, the more that group plays a role in shaping how people feel about themselves.Being a member of that group becomes important for how people regard themselves and their abilities. (人们对某个特定群体的认同度越高，这个群体在塑造人们对自己的看法方面所起的作用就越大，成为这个群体的一员对于人们如何看待自己和他们的能力变得很重要。)”阐述了人们越认同一个特定的群体，这个群体就越影响他们对自己的感知。因此，该段强调个人和群体间的关系，个人的看法受到群体社会认同的的影响很大。因此，A项“Social identity allows people to be part of groups.(社会认同让人们成为群体的一份子) ”切题，该选项中的“part of groups”与下文中的“a member of”相呼应。故选A项。
【18题详解】
上文“Being a member of that group becomes important for how people regard themselves and their abilities.(成为这个群体的一员对于人们如何看待自己和他们的能力变得很重要)”阐述了作为群体的一员对于人们如何看待自己以及自己的能力变得很重要，由此可知，设空处主要强调群体对个人的影响和作用。因此，F选项“So gaining status within the group can help people develop a sense of belonging.(因此，在群体中获得地位可以帮助人们建立归属感)”切题，该选项句意承接上文，且其中的“within the group”与上文中“Being a member of that group”相呼应。故选F项。
【19题详解】
上一句“Not all children who experience threats to their social identity will experience depression.(并不是所有经历过社会认同受到威胁的孩子都会经历抑郁)”阐述了不是所有孩子都会因社会认同受到威胁而难过，该空后“For example, a child who only sees himself as a star soccer player may experience discomfort and a sense of loss if he suddenly becomes injured and is unable to play soccer anymore.(例如，一个只把自己看成是足球明星的孩子，如果突然受伤，不能再踢足球，他可能会感到不适和失落感)”描述的是一个因社会认同受到威胁而难过的孩子可知，该空选E项“Only those with a limited number of social roles are more at risk.(只有那些社会角色数量有限的人更容易受到威胁)”承上启下。故选E项。
【20题详解】
上一句“Try not to place too much emphasis on any one single social role.(尽量不要过分强调任何一个社会角色。)”可知，此处阐述了不要过多强调某一个单一的社会角色，该空处应该承接上文，继续阐述应该怎样去做，因此，D选项“Instead,encourage them to try new and different things in life.(而是鼓励他们在生活中尝试不同的新事物) ”切题，该选项中的“try”与上一句中的“try”相呼应。故选D项。
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
About a year ago, I left my well-paying job as a magazine editor with no particular plan.Having worked for a half-century on other people’s ___21___, I wanted to be the boss of myself.I longed to read more, to ___22___ more and learn more about beautiful objects created by people of different cultures.I wanted to do work not just with my ___23___, but with my hands as well.
As we ___24___ in years, each choice rules out other possibilities until—Surprise！—I am a 53-year-old lady who lives a(n) ___25___ life in downtown Manhattan with a husband and two kids, and has spent my working life in the magazine industry.___26___, over the past year I have been interested in learning the techniques of bakery, ___27___, and natural dyeing.Although I learned a lot, I know well a dilettante(一知半解者) of many ___28___ is in effect a master of ___29___.I have also traveled to villages and towns in countries I had never been to and have been _____30_____ by the diversity of lives and cultures still amazingly _____31_____, and by the people I’ve met, craftspeople who, whether through choice or the _____32_____ of it, make _____33_____ objects day in and day out.
I have come to _____34_____ the way these objects are inseparable from the communities and _____35_____ in which they are created.But what will I do with the _____36_____ access I’ve had？Will I find a way to be _____37_____ or help resolve the problems I have witnessed？I don’t have a _____38_____.I don’t know what my next move is or whether, when I figure it out, I’ll be able to _____39_____ in it.But in my otherwise rather stable life, I find that _____40_____.
21. A. goals B. schedules C. expectations D. seminars
22. A. travel B. earn C. sacrifice D. recommend
23. A. feet B. eyes C. heart D. mind
24. A. adjust B. advance C. participate D. predict
25. A. tough B. comfortable C. intelligent D. ordinary
26. A. Therefore B. Besides C. However D. Moreover
27. A. painting B. weaving C. manufacturing D. communicating
28. A. skills B. jobs C. ideas D. secrets
29. A. himself B. arts C. none D. economics
30. A. brought out B. worn out C. driven away D. carried away
31. A. developing B. existing C. weakening D. expanding
32. A. lack B. suspension C. criticism D. reservation
33. A. solid B. unidentified C. souvenir D. remarkable
34. A. explore B. change C. appreciate D. rescue
35. A. societies B. traditions C. cultures D. civilizations
36. A. limited B. improved C. denied D. privileged
37. A. useful B. powerful C. fanciful D. grateful
38. A. code B. clue C. license D. dream
39. A. compete B. interpret C. succeed D. assist
40. A. exciting B. authentic C. casual D. compulsory
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者不安于现状，最后选择按照自己的想法去生活，通过游历增长自己的见识，了解不同地方的风土人情。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在为别人的进度表工作了半个世纪后，我想成为自己的老板。 A. goals目的；B. schedules进度表；C. expectations期待；D. seminars研讨班。根据上文“I left my well-paying job as a magazine editor with no particular plan”可知，作者给别人工作，一直都按照别人的进度表工作。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我渴望读更多书，进行更多旅行，了解更多关于不同文化的人创造的美好的东西。A. travel旅行；B. earn赚取；C. sacrifice奉献；牺牲；D. recommend推荐。根据后面的“more and learn more about beautiful objects created by people of different cultures”可知，作者希望多游历，多见识不同的文化。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不仅想用大脑工作，也想用双手工作。A. feet脚；B. eyes眼睛；C. heart心；D. mind思维；头脑。根据上文“as a magazine editor”可知，作者是靠头脑工作的，with my mind与with my hands相对应，即不仅靠头脑，还要靠双手工作。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我们多年的前行，每个选择都排除了其他的可能性，直到——惊喜！A. adjust调整；B. advance前进；前行；C. participate参加；D. predict预测。 根据下文“in years, each choice rules out other possibilities ”可推断，随着生活一年一年的继续，每一个可能的选择都被排除了。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是一个过着普通生活的53岁女人，和丈夫还有两个孩子在曼哈顿市中心，在杂志行业工作。A. tough艰难的；B. comfortable舒适的；C. intelligent聪明的；D. ordinary普通的。根据下文“in downtown Manhattan with a husband and two kids,”可知，作者是一个过着普通生活的已婚女性。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在过去的一年里，我一直对学习面包师的技巧，编织和天然印染很感兴趣 。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. However然而；D. Moreover 并且。根据上下文语境可知，前后为转折关系，指作者按照自己的想法去生活之后的变化，以前从事杂志编辑工作，现在对学习面包师的技巧，编织和天然印染感兴趣。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. painting图画；B. weaving编织；C. manufacturing制造；D. communicating交流。根据上下文内容可知,前后列举的都是生活中的一些技巧，如烤糕点、印染等，选项中只有B项符合语境，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我学到了很多，但我很了解一个拥有很多技能的一知半解者实际上是一个没有任何技能的大师。A. skills技能；B. jobs工作；C. ideas想法；D. secrets秘密。根据前文“the techniques of bakery, ___7___, and natural dyeing”和此处的“I learned a lot”可知，这里的指前面提到的那些生活技巧。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查代词/名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. himself他自己；B. arts艺术；C. none没有人；什么都没有；D. economics经济。根据上文提到的“a dilettante(一知半解者)”和“in effect”可推断，作者知道一知半解者实际上是什么也不会的人。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我还去了我从未去过的国家的村庄和城镇，也对生活的多样性和仍旧存在着的令人惊讶的文化着迷。A. brought out使显示、拿出；B. worn out疲劳；C. driven away赶走；D. carried away使着迷。根据下文“by the diversity of lives and cultures still amazingly”可知，作者对各种不同的生活和文化很着迷。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. developing发展；B. existing存在；C. weakening减弱；D. expanding 扩张。由前文的“cultures”可知，此处说的是现存的文化，故选B。
32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还对我遇到的人着迷，那些工匠们，无论是通过选择与否，都会日复一日地创造出非凡的东西。A. lack缺乏；B. suspension暂停；C. criticism批评；D. reservation预订。lack与前面的choice相对应，即出于选择或者不是选择的。这些工匠都会制作出非凡的东西。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. solid固体的；B. unidentified不能辨认的;未经确定的；C. souvenir纪念品；D. remarkable引入注目的。根据上文“by the diversity of lives and cultures still amazingly”可知，作者在此处表达了自己对于所遇到的文化等的兴趣，因此推断此处说的是工匠们能够制作出很多引人注目的东西。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经开始欣赏这些东西与它们被创造出来的社区和文化是不可分割的方式。A. explore探索；B. change改变；C. appreciate感激、欣赏；D. rescue营救。根据上文“have been ____10____by the diversity of lives and cultures still amazingly ____11____, and by the people I’ve met, craftspeople who, whether through choice or the ____12____ of it, make ____13____ objects day in and day out.”可知，作者被那些手艺人吸引，他们创造出非凡的东西，因此推断作者欣赏这些东西被创造出来的方式。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. societies社会；B. traditions传统；C. cultures文化；D. civilizations文明。根据上文提到的“by the diversity of lives and cultures”可知，此处说的是不同文化中创造的东西。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，我该如何处理我所拥有的特权呢？A. limited限制；B. improved改进；C. denied拒绝；D. privileged给予特权。此处指上文作者学到的技巧，作者不知道如何处理自己所拥有的特权。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我能找到有用的或者能帮助我解决遇到的问题的方法吗?A. useful有用的；B. powerful强有力的；C. fanciful富于幻想的；D. grateful感激的。根据下文“help resolve the problems I have witnessed”可知，是要找到有用的方式帮助处理问题。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有线索。A. code代码；B. clue线索；C. license执照；D. dream梦想。这是回答前面的一个问题，即没有线索(指不知道)。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道我的下一步行动是什么，也不知道当我弄明白后，我是否能够成功。A. compete竞争；B. interpret解释；C. succeed成功；D. assist帮助。根据上文“when I figure it out”可知，作者不知道弄明白以后是否能够成功。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是与以往平稳的生活相比，我发现那是令人兴奋的。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. authentic真实的；C. casual 偶然的；D. compulsory强制的。But表示转折，结合上文的“I don’t know what my next move is or whether, when I figure it out, I’ll be able to ____19____ in it.”可推断，尽管作者不知道下一步行动是什么，是否能成功，但是作者认为与以往的平稳的生活相比，那些还是令人兴奋的。故选A。
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
People love the view of old buildings in Paris, especially Notre Dame Cathedral(巴黎圣母院). ___41___(unfortunate), on April 16, a fire destroyed the spire(尖顶) of the 850-year-old cathedral, and two-thirds of the roof. Flames could be seen ___42___(rise) through the top of the monument. The citizens in Paris gathered around the cathedral, praying ___43___ the hundreds of firefighters who fought the flames. ___44___ was no wonder that people felt sad. The church itself, after all, is a historical and artistic treasure. ___45___(build) in 1163, it is one of the world's most famous tourist sites, attracting about 12 million ___46___(visit) every year.
Notre Dame Cathedral is home to many ___47___(religion) artworks, paintings and sculptures. Despite its long history and many treasures, the cathedral ___48___(need) the help of a writer to become truly famous. Victor Hugo's 1831 novel, The Hunchback of Notre-Dame, presented the building to ___49___ wide audience of readers. He wrote the book to remind people of it, with the hope ___50___ they would protect the beautiful old buildings of Paris.
【答案】41. Unfortunately
42. rising 43. for
44. It 45. Built
46. visitors
47. religious
48. needed 49. a
50. that
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了巴黎圣母院大火及其造成的损失。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：不幸的是，4月16日，一场大火烧毁了这座拥有850年历史的大教堂的尖顶和三分之二的屋顶。修饰整个句子用副词，根据“a fire destroyed the spire(尖顶) of the 850-year-old cathedral, and two-thirds of the roof.”可知此处表示“不幸的是”，故填Unfortunately。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：人们可以看到火焰从巴黎圣母院顶部升起。see sb/sth doing表示“看见某人/物正在……”，此处用的是被动语态，sb/sth be seen doing表示“某人/物被看到正在……”，故填rising。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：巴黎市民聚集在大教堂周围，为数百名救火队员祈祷。pray for sb表示“为某人祈祷”，故填for。
【44题详解】
考查形式主语。句意：难怪人们会感到悲伤。分析句子结构并结合句意可知此处用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句，故填It。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它建于1163年，是世界上最著名的旅游景点之一，每年吸引约1200万游客。it与build之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作状语，故填Built。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意同上，作动词attracting的宾语用名词，根据“about 12 million”可知此处表示“游客”，而且用可数名词复数形式，故填visitors。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：巴黎圣母院收藏着许多宗教艺术品、绘画和雕塑。修饰名词artworks用形容词，故填religious。
【48题详解】
考查时态。句意：尽管历史悠久，收藏的珍品很多，但巴黎圣母院需要一位作家的帮忙才能真正出名。根据“Victor Hugo's 1831 novel,”可知，事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故填needed。
【49题详解】
考查冠词。句意：维克多雨果1831年的小说《巴黎圣母院》向广大读者展示了这座建筑。audience 是集合名词，前面用不定冠词修饰，表示“某一群观众”，wide的发音以辅音音素开头，a wide audience of readers表示“广泛的读者群体、广大读者”，故填a。
【50题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：他写这本书是为了提醒人们，希望他们能保护巴黎美丽的老建筑。此处为同位语从句，解释hope的具体内容，从句成分完整，所以用that仅起连接作用，无实义，故填that。
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：(1)每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
(2)只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
People often have troubles getting used to a new culture. They are usually curious when they first arrive a foreign country. Therefore, if they stay for a long time, they may start to feel different stages of culture shock. They can feel alone or sad because he can't deal with the local people. How quick people get used to culture differences may be depend on the way they learn. That's a problem if they can't speak the language. On other hand, some can study the situation and make good guesses about the culture. When they finally began to understand some of the language and make some new friends, they will gradually enjoy themselves and feel satisfying.
【答案】1.troubles→trouble 2.在arrive后加in或at 3.Therefore→However 4.alone→lonely
5.he→they 6.quick→quickly 7.去掉be 8.在other前加the
9.began→begin 10.satisfying→satisfied
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是文化冲击的产生和影响。
【详解】1.考查固定短语。句意：人们常常很难适应一种新的文化。have trouble doing sth.是固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，故将troubles改为trouble。
2.考查固定短语。句意：当他们第一次到外国时，他们通常很好奇。arrive是不及物动词，其后需跟介词，arrive at/in是固定短语，意为“到达”，故在arrive后加in或at。
3.考查副词。句意：然而，如果他们停留的时间长了，他们可能会开始感受到不同阶段的文化冲击。根据语境可知，句子表示“然而，如果他们停留的时间长了，他们可能会开始感受到不同阶段的文化冲击”，前后是转折关系，因此副词需用表转折的however，位于句首，首字母大写，故将Therefore改为However。
4.考查形容词。句意：他们会感到孤独或悲伤，因为他们不能与当地人打交道。根据后面的or sad可知，句子是说“他们会感到孤独或悲伤”，“孤独的”是lonely，故将alone改为lonely。
5.考查代词。句意：他们会感到孤独或悲伤，因为他们不能与当地人打交道。主语是They，因此是“他们不能与当地人打交道”，故将he改为they。
6.考查副词。句意：人们适应文化差异的速度可能取决于他们的学习方式。修饰动词短语get used to需用副词quickly，故将quick改为quickly。
7.考查固定短语。句意：人们适应文化差异的速度可能取决于他们的学习方式。depend on是动词短语，意为“取决于”，前面不需加be动词，故去掉be。
8.考查固定短语。句意：另一方面，一些人可以研究情况，对文化做出良好的猜测。on the other hand是固定短语，意为“另一方面”，故在other前加the。
9.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当他们终于开始理解一些语言，交一些新朋友，他们会逐渐过得快乐，感到满足。通篇时态是一般现在时，描述一个客观的事实，主语they是复数，因此begin应用原形，故将began改为begin。
10.考查形容词。句意：当他们终于开始理解一些语言，交一些新朋友，他们会逐渐过得快乐，感到满足。修饰主语they（指人），应用-ed形容词satisfied，意为“感到满足的”，故将satisfying改为satisfied。
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
52. 假定你是李华，下个月将在高中毕业典礼上代表全体学生发言，请你写一篇发言稿。内容包括：
1. 毕业感想
2. 表示感恩
3. 展望未来
注意：
1. 字数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear teachers and fellow students,
Good morning, everybody! It is a great honor to speak on behalf of the 2021 senior high school graduates.
Today is our graduation day, which marks the end of our senior high school and the beginning of a new life for all of us. We are supposed to feel joyful on such an unforgettable day and be full of hope for the future. It is at this moment that I realize that I have to say good-bye to my school, my classmates and my teachers. The thing I desire to do most is to express how thankful I am to my teachers and parents. I will always remember what they have done for me and thank them from the bottom of my heart. On the future road, we will spare no effort to create brilliance.
Wish all of you all the best! Thank you!
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇发言稿，在高中毕业典礼上代表全体学生发言。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 毕业感想
2. 表示感恩
3. 展望未来
第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）
It is a great honor to do sth.; on behalf of; graduation; the beginning of; be supposed to; joyful; unforgettable; be full of; realize; express; thankful; brilliance; all the best
第三步：连词成句
1. It is a great honor to speak on behalf of the 2021 senior high school graduates.
2. Today is our graduation day, which marks the end of our senior high school and the beginning of a new life for all of us.
3. We are supposed to feel joyful on such an unforgettable day and be full of hope for the future.
4. It is at this moment that I realize that I have to say good-bye to my school, my classmates and my teachers.
5. The thing I desire to do most is to express how thankful I am to my teachers and parents.
6. I will always remember what they have done for me and thank them from the bottom of my heart.
7. On the future road, we will spare no effort to create brilliance.
8. Wish all of you all the best!
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second, And then
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句)
4.表因果关系：Because As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型1] Today is our graduation day, which marks the end of our senior high school and the beginning of a new life for all of us. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] It is at this moment that I realize that I have to say good-bye to my school, my classmates and my teachers. (运用了强调句型)