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2022届河南省驻马店市环际大联考“圆梦计划”高三上学期9月阶段性考试（一）英语试题 （解析版）
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这是一份2022届河南省驻马店市环际大联考“圆梦计划”高三上学期9月阶段性考试（一）英语试题 （解析版），共22页。
2022届河南省驻马店市环际大联考“圆梦计划”高三上学期9月阶段性考试（一）英语试题
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How does the man like the soup?
A. It's too thick. B. It's not very good. C. It needs a bit more flavor.
2. What is the woman going to do?
A. Make a fruit salad. B. Drive back home. C. Do some shopping.
3. What does the woman ask Max to do?
A. Get something to eat. B. Have a discussion with Peter. C. Leave the room for a moment.
4. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a repair shop. B. In a. photo studio. C. In a camera store.
5. What affect(s) the man's phone bill?
A. His calls and texts. B. The taxes and extra fees. C. His family's Internet use.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who is the man talking to?
A. His teacher. B. His classmate. C. A bookstore clerk.
7 What will the young man do next?
A. Band in his essay. B. Rewrite his essay. C. Read the book again.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the woman doing?
A. Selling books. B. Doing a survey. C. Discussing her reading habits.
9. Which kind of books does the man like best?
A. Adventure stories. B. Historical novels. C. Biographies.
10. Where does the man get most of his books?
A. From his friends. B. From the library. C. From online bookstores.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11. How often will the man be available to work?
A. No more than two evenings a week.
B. Up to three evenings a week.
C. At least three evenings a week.
12. Why does the man apply for a part-time job?
A. To gain work experience. B. To earn some money. C. To improve his social skills.
13. What is the man good at?
A. Solving problems. B. Working in a group. C. Communicating with people.
14. What will the man do on September 8th?
A. Have a lesson. B. Meet the woman. C. Work for the community.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Neighbors. B. Husband and wife. C. Steward and passenger.
16. What do we know about the woman?
A. Her suitcase is more than 40kg.
B. She will take a flight to America.
C. She has a handbag and a large backpack.
17. What time will the flight leave?
A. At 8:30 a. m. B. At 9: 30 a. m. C. At 10: 30 a. m.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Where can copies be made?
A. On Level 2. B. On Level 3. C. On Level 4.
19. How many books can an undergraduate student check out?
A. Up to two. B. Up to five. C. Up to fifteen.
20. What is the late fee for a book that is 40 days overdue?
A.$15. B.$20. C. $ 25.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Four Underwater Cities You Must Visit
Dwarka-India
Dwarka is located 70 feet under the sea near the inhabited island of Bet Dwarka. It was built sometime between 9, 000 and 12, 000 years ago and those fortunate enough to visit can witness a diverse variety of buildings in addition to a seaport and protective walls made of sandstone. Furthermore, large stone anchors indicate that overseas trade took place in Dwarka during the Age of Antiquity all the way through medieval times.
Pavlopetri-Greece
Pavlopetri was founded around 5, 000 years ago, making it one of the oldest underwater lost cities in the world. Since it was rediscovered in 1967, archeologists and tourists alike have been fascinated by the well-preserved handicrafts. What makes Pavlopetri stick out is that it has a nearly-complete town plan, including at least 15 buildings. There is also evidence that it was once a major producer of textiles, with some of the equipment still complete!
Antirhodos-Egypt
This ancient underwater island was rediscovered in 1996 near the Alexandria harbor. In addition to being the site of the Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Ancient Wonders of the World that had been presumed(推测)lost forever, explorers can find a marble-floored 3rd century B. C. palace. The best thing is that the island is only a few meters under the water, which makes it easy to explore even for new divers!
Atlit-Yam-Israel
This underwater site was discovered in 1984 off the coast of Atlit near Haifa, and is estimated to have been settled between 6, 900 and 6, 300 B. C. This location offers the clearest evidence of where humans made the transition(过渡)from hunter-gatherers to settled farmers. Dive insurance is required, so make sure you are covered when you plan your trip.
1. What can we learn about Dwarka?
A. It has a historical palace. B. It has various ancient buildings.
C. It has a completely preserved town. D. It has the clearest evidence of hunters gathered.
2. Which place is easily accessible to divers?
A. Dwarka. B. Pavlopetri. C. Antirhodos. D. Atlit-Yam.
3. What do visitors need to do before visiting Atlit-Yam?
A. Book the trip online. B. Buy dive insurance.
C. Take a map and a compass. D. Learn about the history of fanning.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了四个值得游客参观的水下城市。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Dwarka—India”部分中的“It was built sometime between 9,000and 12,000 years ago and those fortunate enough to visit can witness a diverse variety of buildings…(它建于9000到12000年前，那些有幸参观的人可以看到各种各样的建筑)”可知，Dwarka有很多不同种类的古建筑,与B项内容意思一致。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Antirhodos—Egypt”部分中的“The best thing is that the island is only a few meters under the water, which makes it easy to explore even for new divers!( 最棒的是，这个岛在水下只有几米，这使得即使是新手潜水者也很容易探索)”可知，埃及的水下岛屿Antirhodos岛对于潜水新手而言都很容易探索。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Atlit-Yam-Israel”部分中的“Dive insurance is required, so make sure you are covered when you plan your trip.( 潜水保险是必需的，所以当你计划你的旅行时，确保你被涵盖)”可知，当你计划去以色列的Atlit-Yam旅行时，你需要提前买潜水保险，故选B项。
B
We have often heard that "work smart and not hard". Does only smart work bring you success? And if so, then why are so many of us still busy putting our blood and sweat into working hard? Here, we'll discuss hard work and smart work.
Hard work sticks to the traditional form of doing work. It is all about consistently working towards a particular goal irrespective(不考虑的)of its worth, not being women about the result and not using any means to reduce your effort. Hard work requires a lot of commitment and sincerity from the person. Although being boring and tiresome, it can give you the best results if it is done with heart and soul.
One of the preconditions of smart work is having an in-depth knowledge or experience of the work in hand, because that allows you to look for efficient ways to do the work in a planned and organized manner. Being a smart worker saves a lot of time as you can find means to reduce your work by using logical and innovative ways to achieve your goals. Besides, it also gives you enough time to learn a new task while completing the present one.
Although it seems that smart work is a better option, what we forget is that smart work is the fruit of hard work. Only when you work hard can you gather the expertise(专业技能)and the knowledge to understand the work in hand and efficiently improve on it and work smartly.
So which do you think should be preferred? We are sure you have heard of "United we stand, divided we fall.", and that is true in this case, too. You will attain great heights and lead a better and more comfortable life if you combine both smart and hard work together. If you are not smart, your hard work will never pay. A donkey only does hard work, while a horse does hard work and uses its smartness whenever and wherever it needs. In a similar way, smart work is the result of hard work. To master the quality of smart work, you really need to work hard. Throngh hard work, we gain experience which helps us discover new things that in turn enable us to work smartly. The effort is important, but how to make that effort makes a difference.
4. What can we learn about hard workers?
A. They have great patience. B. They lack proper work skills.
C. They always feel bored and tired. D. They obtain excellent results from their work.
5. How do smart workers save a lot of time?
A. By making a sensible plan. B. By making use of creative ways.
C. By learning experience from others. D. By getting inspiration from a new task.
6. What does the author think of hard work?
A. It is inspiring. B. It is efficient.
C. It is challenging. D. It is fundamental.
7. In the author's view, the improvement of work pattern requires to________.
A. keep working hard B. find a method of working smartly
C. combine smart work with hard work D. choose a suitable way of working based on your need
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了勤奋地工作和聪明地工作的特点，并表示工作方式的改进需要将两者结合起来。
【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句“It is all about consistently working towards a particular goal irrespective of its worth, not being worried about the result and not using any means to reduce your effort. Hard work requires a lot of commitment and sincerity from the person.(这一切都是为了始终朝着一个特定的目标努力，而不管它的价值如何，不担心结果，也不使用任何方法来减少你的努力。努力工作需要一个人的承诺和真诚)”可推断，勤奋工作的人总是很有耐心。故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Being a smart worker saves a lot of time as you can find means to reduce your work by using logical and innovative ways to achieve your goals.(作为一个聪明的员工可以节省很多时间，因为你可以通过使用逻辑和创新的方法来实现你的目标来减少你的工作)”可知，聪明工作的人可以通过创造性的方式节省大量的时间。故选B项。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Although it seems that smart work is a better option, what we forget is that smart work is the fruit of hard work. Only when you work hard can you gather the expertise and the knowledge to understand the work in hand and efficiently improve on it and work smartly.(虽然聪明的工作似乎是一个更好的选择，但我们忘记了，聪明的工作是努力工作的成果。只有当你努力工作时，你才能收集到专业技能和知识来理解手头的工作，并有效地改进它，并聪明地工作。)”可推断，作者认为勤奋地工作是根本。故选D项。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“You will attain great heights and lead a better and more comfortable life if you combine both smart and hard work together.(如果你把聪明和努力的工作结合在一起，你就会达到很高的高度，过上更好、更舒适的生活)”可知，把聪明工作和勤奋工作结合起来可以使一个人达到更高水平，并过上更好的生活。由此可知，作者认为，工作方式的改进需要将聪明工作与勤奋工作结合起来。故选C项。
C
Rain is vital to life on Earth. However, rain isn't just made of water anymore-it's partly made of plastic.
Millions of tiny pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are wandering around Earth's atmosphere and traveling across entire continents, according to a study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on April 12. Another study, published in the journal Science in June2020, has revealed that every year more than 1, 000 tons of the particles (颗粒)-equivalent to over 120 million plastic bottles-fall in rain.
Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter (直径)and come from a number of sources. Plastic bags and bottles released into the environment break down into smaller and smaller bits. Some microplastics are manufactured deliberately to provide abrasion(研磨)in a host of products, such as toothpaste and cleansers, according to the Daily Mail. Another major source is your washing machine. When you wash synthetic(合成的)clothing, tiny microfibers get flushed away. Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain, and they are released into the sea, according to the American magazine Wired.
Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with. The tiny particles, too small to be seen with the naked eyes, are collected by the wind from the ground. They are so light that they stay in the air to be blown around the globe. As they climb into the atmosphere, they are thought to act as nuclei(核心)around which water vapor (水蒸气)condenses(凝结)to form clouds. Some of the dust falls back to land in dry conditions, while the rest comes down as rain, according to the Daily Mail.
Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been fund, on average, to contain 40 pieces of microplastics, reported the Daily Mail. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too. "We live on a ball inside a bubble," microplastic researcher Steve Allen at University of Strathclyde, Scotland, told Wired. "There are no borders, and there are no edges. It rains on the land and then gets blown back up into the air again, to move somewhere else. There's no stopping it once it's out."
8. What do we know about microplastics?
A. They are light and can be easily dealt with.
B. They result in both acid rain and plastic rain.
C. They have a diameter of at least 5 millimeters.
D. They have nearly affected the whole word food chain.
9. What does the underlined word "flushed" mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Smoothed. B. Thrown. C. Washed. D. Squeezed.
10. What do Steve Allen's words mean in the last paragraph?
A. No place is safe from microplastic pollution.
B. It is important to remove microplastics somewhere else.
C. The atmosphere possesses the capacity to self-cleanse.
D. Countries should work together to fight plastic pollution.
11. What's the main purpose of the passage?
A. To compare acid rain and plastic rain.
B. To warn people of the dangers of microplastics.
C. To call on people to reduce using plastic products.
D. To introduce the sources and effects of microplastics.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了微塑料无处不在，并分析了它的来源以及它对生物造成的影响。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found, on average, to contain 40 pieces of microplastics, reported the Daily Mail. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too.( 你能想象到任何地方都能发现微塑料。据《每日邮报》报道，从鱼、青蛙到老鼠和蚊子，它们的身体中平均含有40块微塑料。作为食物链的顶端，人类也暴露在微塑料中。)”可知，微塑料存在于整个生物链中。故选D项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain, and they are released into the sea, according to the American magazine Wired.(据《美国连线》杂志报道，尽管这些水由污水厂处理，微塑料仍然存在，它们会被释放到海里)”可知，即使污水处理厂处理了洗过合成衣服的水，水里残留的微塑料还是会被释放到海里。由此可推知，在洗合成衣服时，衣服上的微塑料会被冲掉，flushed即意为“冲洗掉”。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“‘We live on a ball inside a bubble,’ microplastic researcher Steve Allen at University of Strathclyde, Scotland, told Wired. ‘There are no borders, there are no edges. It rains on the land and then gets blown back up into the air again, to move somewhere else. There's no stopping it once it's out.’(苏格兰斯特拉克莱德大学的微塑料研究人员史蒂夫·艾伦告诉Wired，“我们住在泡泡里的球上。这里没有边界，也没有边缘。陆地上下雨，然后又被吹回空中，移动到其他地方。一旦它出来，就无法阻止它。”)”可推知，Steve Allen认为微塑料造成的污染无法逃避，没有安全的地方。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文用雨引出微塑料无处不在这一话题，第三段分析了微塑料的三个来源。第四、五段介绍了它对生物的影响。由此可知，本文的主要目的是介绍微塑料的来源及其影响。故选D项。
D
With the social media freely available, I've realized how easy it is to become a jealous cow. The truth is that however much I remind myself of the many wonderful things I have in my life, there are still moments when I look at those around me and feel bitterly upset by their success.
It's a horrible thing to admit! In an ideal world, I'd never want to be jealous of another person's achievements and I'd want to celebrate the successes of my friends. But sometimes it's hard, even when we want to. But I don't want to live my life as a jealous cow, and I assume you don't either.
It's easier to celebrate other people's wins if you celebrate your own. How often do we take the time to enjoy our success rather than instantly move onto the next thing we want to achieve? Last year, I decided to write a book. It was the only professional goal I set for myself and, while it tired me out, I got there. But as soon as it was done, I started planning my next goal-making the book a success. As I saw other people publishing books, I stopped celebrating and instead began to fear that mine wouldn't compete.
When I told a friend how I was feeling, she reminded me how much easier it is to clap for someone else when we also clap for ourselves. So, I took myself out for lunch, ordered a glass of wine and wrote myself a congratulations card. When I saw all those other books being written on my social media, I felt proud of each and every one of us who had battled to the end of the word count.
The other trick for celebrating other people's success is to realize that there is no limit on success. We can make more, which means that while it might seem as if others have everything and we have nothing, the reality is that life turns quickly and our luck could change at any time. If others have achieved those things, we can too. When we celebrate others, we're acknowledging their achievements but also cheering for ourselves as well as for our hopes and dreams and our belief that we can make them happen. And hopefully, when we do, those people will cheer for us too.
12. What can we infer from Paragraph 1?
A. Social media is the source of the author's jealousy.
B. Frequent successes on social media encourage envy.
C. It is a pleasure to face others' successes on social media.
D. People tend to be crazy about immediate success online.
13. As far as the author is concerned,what should we do after achieving success?
A. Appreciate what's been done.
B. Show it off on social media.
C. Reflect on gains and losses.
D. Waite for others' congratulations.
14. One of the keys to removing jealousy lies in.
A. pursuing those achievable goals
B. devoting yourself to the next goal
C. admitting personal incompetence
D. changing your attitude to success
15. What is the best title for the passage?
A. I'm so happy for us!
B. What a considerate friend!
C. I don't care about it!
D. How selfless you can be!
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者因为社交媒体中无处不在的成功，而变得容易嫉妒他人。因为他在日常生活中并不会这样，所以对此感到非常苦恼。最终在朋友的指导下，学会了庆祝自己的成功，破除心魔。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第一段“With the social media freely available, I've realized how easy it is to become a jealous cow. The truth is that however much I remind myself of the many wonderful things I have in my life, there are still moments when I look at those around me and feel bitterly upset by their success.（随着社交媒体的免费使用，我意识到成为嫉妒的牛是多么容易。事实是，尽管我经常提醒自己生命中有许多美好的事情，但仍有一些时刻，当我看着周围的人，为他们的成功感到痛苦不安。）”可推知，因为社交媒体的随处可及，导致别人的成功频繁出现在自己眼前，因此容易引起嫉妒。故选B项。
13题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第三段“It's easier to celebrate other people's wins if you celebrate your own.（如果你庆祝自己的胜利，那就更容易庆祝别人的胜利。）”以及文章第四段“When I told a friend how I was feeling, she reminded me how much easier it is to clap for someone else when we also clap for ourselves.（当我告诉一个朋友我的感受时，她提醒我，当我们也为自己鼓掌时，为别人鼓掌是多么容易。）”可推知，想要为他人的成功感到高兴，得先学会为自己的成果庆祝，感谢我们自己所做的一切。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第五段“The other trick for celebrating other people's success is to realize that there is no limit on success. We can make more, which means that while it might seem as if others have everything and we have nothing, the reality is that life turns quickly and our luck could change at any time.（庆祝别人成功的另一个技巧是要意识到成功是无限的。我们可以制造更多，这意味着，虽然看起来好像别人拥有一切，而我们什么都没有，但现实是，生活瞬变万化，我们的运气随时可能改变。）”可推知，消除嫉妒的方法之一是要意识到成功是没有限制的，之前会感到嫉妒的原因，是因为作者看到了别人成功，并且认为自己不会成功，实际上，我们的运气随时可能改变，要相信自己也可以成功，所以消除嫉妒的关键之一在于对成功态度的转变。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通过文章主旨大意以及文章第五段“When we celebrate others, we're acknowledging their achievements but also cheering for ourselves as well as for our hopes and dreams and our belief that we can make them happen. And hopefully, when we do, those people will cheer for us too.（当我们为他人庆祝时，我们是在承认他们的成就，同时也是在为自己喝彩，也为自己的希望、梦想和我们相信自己能实现它们而喝彩。希望到时候，那些人也会为我们欢呼。）”可知，最后作者认为，当我们为别人喝彩时，也是在为自己喝彩。A项“为我们感到高兴!”符合文意，最适合作为文章标题。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When words of appreciation are said to people, there is a satisfaction that comes with it, an urge to do more and be the best in what they have been appreciated about. This is the same feeling that comes when you appreciate yourself.____16____Below are some ways to appreciate yourself more.
Think deeply.
Meditation(沉思) is a beautiful way to center yourself. When life is stressful or your mind is racing, you can always turn to meditation____17____All you need to do is to find a quiet, comfortable space, close your eyes and simply breathe.
Read.
____18____The more you read, the more you find new ways to love yourself more and more. You learn new ways, and you also discover things you probably have never paid attention to about yourself.
Avoid negativity.
Surround yourself with positive messages, pictures of people you love, and anything that makes you feel better. It is an act of self-love when you are in a comfortable environment full of the things that bring you joy.____19____
Be grateful.
All you need is a journal to start. When you wake up every morning and each night before you sleep, write down three things for which you're grateful.____20____It's a perfect time to say "thank you" to your body!
A. you don't have to buy many books.
B. It's a beautiful way to honor yourself and your life.
C. You may turn to a meditation teacher if you find it difficult.
D. It's also accessible to everyone because you can do it anywhere.
E. When you can smile by just looking around, you're practicing self-love!
F. Finding some books that speak to you is extremely important for self-love.
G. You feel loved and there is no form of disrespect that can be directed at you.
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. F 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。文章分享了一些让你更欣赏自己的方法。
【16题详解】
上文“When words of appreciation are said to people, there is a satisfaction that comes with it, an urge to do more and be the best in what they have been appreciated about. This is the same feeling that comes when you appreciate yourself.（当人们听到赞美的话语时，会有一种满足感随之而来，一种想要做得更多、在被赞美的事情上做到最好的冲动。这和你欣赏自己时的感觉是一样的） ”说明人们听到赞美话语的时候，会有一种满足感，感觉自己很好。G项中的“feel loved”也说明被赞美时人们的感觉，G项“你感到被爱，没有任何形式的不尊重针对你。”符合语境，与上文是并列关系。故选G项。
【17题详解】
D项“It’s also accessible to everyone because you can do it anywhere.（每个人都可以使用它，因为你可以在任何地方使用它）”说明了冥想可以在任何地方进行；下文“All you need to do is find a quiet, comfortable space, close your eyes, and simply breathe.（你需要做的就是找一个安静、舒适的空间，闭上眼睛，简单地呼吸）”说明了进行冥想需要做的事情。D项起到引起下文的作用。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据段落标题Read“阅读”可知，本段讲述阅读可以让你更好地欣赏自己，F项“Finding a book or books that speak to you is extremely important for self-love.（找到一本或多本能与你交流的书对于自爱来说是极其重要的）”说明了读一些自己喜欢的书的重要性。与段落主题“Read.（阅读）”相呼应。故选F项。
【19题详解】
上文“Surround yourself with positive messages, pictures of people you love, and anything that makes you feel better. It is an act of self-love when you are in a comfortable environment full of the things that bring you joy.（让你的周围充满积极的信息，你爱的人的照片，以及任何让你感觉更好的东西，当你处在一个充满了带给你快乐的东西的舒适的环境中时，这是一种自爱的行为。）”说明了避免消极的方法就是让你的周围充满积极的信息，E项中的“self-love”一致。因此推断E项“当你可以通过环顾四周来微笑时，你就是在练习自爱”符合语境。故选E项。
【20题详解】
上文“When you wake up every morning and each night before you sleep, write down three things for which you’re grateful.（每天早上醒来和晚上睡觉前，写下三件让你感恩的事情。） ”说明了心存感激的方式，B项“It's a beautiful way to honor yourself and your life.(这是一种向自己和自己的生活致敬的美好方式)” 中的代词“It”指的是上文提到的“每天早上和晚上睡觉前，写下三件让你感恩的事情”这种方式，用这种方式可以向自己和自己的生活致敬。引出下文“It's a perfect time to say "thank you" to your body! (这是对你的身体说谢谢的最佳时机！)”。故选B项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Rebecca, who I met at a business conference in Las Vegas, is one of the smartest people I have ever known. So____21____in mind was she that she made a deep impression on me. Even if you were around her for an entire day, you probably wouldn't____22____her disability.
She was born with severe dyslexia-a slight____23____of the brain that causes____24____in reading and spelling. Due to her____25____disability, she had to be in____26____education classes for most of her elementary and middle school years. Despite the challenge, she____27____to let dyslexia determine her life. Every day, she worked on____28____her disability with the____29____of her parents. Her dad would_____30_____an hour every morning helping her with math. In the evenings her mom would have her read books out aloud and then her mother would_____31_____her on the content.
_____32_____, in her effort, Rebecca's hard work_____33_____. By high school, she had_____34_____from special education classes all the way to honor classes. When I was young, no one thought I could ever attend_____35_____." she said. Not only did Rebecca end up going to college, but she graduated as the top of her class.
"I always had a vision, ”says Rebecca, “of one day being a_____36_____. But it seemed like such a_____37_____ambition that I never told anyone." Today, Rebecca's vision is a_____38_____. She graduated from law school and is_____39_____working her up in one of the largest law firms on the East Coast. Rebecca says, "I wouldn't change a thing. My learning disability still brings challenges to me now, but it also gave me the_____40_____to make my childhood dream come true."
21. A. sharp B. plain C. awkward D. massive
22. A. overlook B. recover C. notice D. prove
23. A. difference B. discrimination C. disorder D. change
24. A. fun B. difficulty C. luck D. expectation
25. A. learning B. living C. speaking D. working
26. A. senior B. primary. C. expensive D. special
27. A. preferred B. refused C. resigned D. agreed
28. A. displaying B. inspecting C. overcoming D. greeting
29. A. disturbance B. laughter C. amusement D. assistance
30. A. spend B. waste C. offer D. practice
31. A. persuade B. quiz C. answer D. remind
32. A. Suddenly B. Obviously C. Eventually D. Casually
33. A. turned back B. went through C. faded out D. paid off
34. A. advanced B. graduated C. backed D. dropped
35. A. contests B. conferences C. school D. college
36. A. translator B. judge C. physician D. lawyer
37. A. simple B. crazy C. critical D. practical
38. A. concern B. desire C. reality D. dream
39. A. apparently B. currently C. precisely D. properly
40. A. determination B. description C. admiration D. inspiration
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. D 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了身患诵读困难症的女孩在父母的帮助下，努力克服困难，实现了律师梦想的励志故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她心里是那么敏锐，给我留下了深刻的印象。A. sharp聪明的；B. plain朴素的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. massive巨大的。根据上文“Rebecca, who I met at a business conference in Las Vegas, is one of the smartest people I have ever known.”可知，丽贝卡是作者在拉斯维加斯的一次商务会议上认识的，她是我所认识的最聪明的人之一。因此Rebecca思维敏捷，很聪明。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使你在她身边一整天，你也可能不会注意到她的残疾。A. overlook俯瞰；B. recover恢复；C. notice注意；D. prove证明。根据文章第一句和“Even if you were around her for an entire day”以及下文的“disability”可推断，丽贝卡非常聪明，因此即使你待在她身边一整天，很可能也不会注意到她的残疾。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她天生时患有严重的阅读障碍——一种导致阅读和拼写困难的轻微大脑失调。A. difference不同；B. discrimination歧视；C. disorder失调；D. change变化。根据上文的“She was born with severe dyslexia”可知，她的大脑轻微失调，患有严重的阅读障碍。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. fun乐趣；B. difficulty困难；C. luck运气；D. expectation期待。根据上文“She was born with severe dyslexia”可知，她天生患有严重的阅读障碍，导致阅读和拼写困难。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于学习障碍，她在小学和初中的大部分时间里都在接受特殊教育。A. learning学习；B. living生活；C. speaking讲；D. working工作。考查固定短语辨析。根据上文“She was born with severe dyslexia-a slight____3____of the brain that causes____4____in reading and spelling.”可知，丽贝卡患有严重的阅读障碍，因此学习有问题。故选A。因为Rebecca患有学习障碍，所以小学和初中的大部分时间里都在接受特殊教育。上下文之间是因果关系。故选A。
26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. senior较年长的；B. primary初级的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. special特殊的。根据上文“her disability”和“She was born with severe dyslexia”可知，因为学习障碍，不得不接受特殊教育。下文的“from special education classes all the way to honor classes.”也是提示。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临挑战，她拒绝让阅读障碍决定她的生活。A. preferred更喜欢；B. refused拒绝；C. resigned放弃；D. agreed同意。根据上文“Despite the challenge”可推断，尽管面临阅读困难，她拒绝让这种困难主宰自己的生活。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在父母的帮助下，她每天都在努力克服自己的残疾。A. displaying陈列，展出；B. inspecting检查，查看；C. overcoming克服；D. greeting问候。根据“with the help of her parents”可知，父母帮助她克服困难。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. disturbance打扰；B. laughter笑声；C. amusement娱乐；D. assistance帮助；援助。根据下文“Her dad would____10____an hour every morning helping her with math. In the evenings her mom would have her read books out aloud and then her mother would____11____her on the content.”可知，父母给予她帮助。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她爸爸每天早上花一个小时辅导她数学。A. spend花费；B. waste浪费；C. offer提供；D. practice练习。根据下文“an hour every morning helping her with math”可知，爸爸每天上文花费一个小时帮助她辅导数学。故选A。
31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：晚上，她的妈妈会让她大声朗读书籍，然后她的妈妈会测试书里的内容。A. persuade劝说；B. quiz测验；C. answer回答；D. remind提醒。根据下文的“on the content”可知，妈妈让她大声诵读，然后检测所读内容。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，在她的努力下，丽贝卡的努力得到了回报。A. Suddenly突然；B. Obviously明显地；C. Eventually最终；D. Casually偶然地。根据“By high school, she had ____14____ from special education classes all the way to honor classes.”可知，最终，丽贝卡的努力得到了回报。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. turned back往回走；B. went through经历；C. faded out淡出，逐渐模糊；D. paid off得到回报。根据“from special education classes all the way to honor classes.”可知，丽贝卡的努力得到了回报。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到了高中，她已经从特殊教育班升入荣誉班。A. advanced进展，进步；B. graduated毕业；C. backed倒退；D. dropped使落下。根据上文“she had to be in____6____education classes for most of her elementary and middle school years.”可知，丽贝卡小学和初中时都在特殊教育班级上课，在她努力下，在高中她从特殊教育班级提升到荣誉班。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我小的时候，没人认为我能上大学。”她说。A. contests比赛；B. conferences会议；C. school学校；D. college大学。根据下文“Not only did Rebecca end up going to college, but she graduated as the top of her class.”可知，此处是信息词college的词汇复现。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我一直有一个梦想，”丽贝卡说，“梦想有一天成为一名律师。A. translator翻译员；B. judge法官，裁判；C. physician内科医师；D. lawyer律师。根据下文“She graduated from law school”可知，她想成为一名律师。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这似乎是一个疯狂的抱负，所以我从未告诉过任何人。A. simple简单的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. critical关键的；D. practical实际的。根据“I never told anyone”可知，丽贝卡自己患有严重的阅读障碍，因此她认为成为律师这个抱负太疯狂了，没有告诉过任何人。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，丽贝卡的梦想成为了现实。A. concern担心；B. desire渴望，愿望；C. reality现实；D. dream梦想。根据“She graduated from law school and is ____19____ working her up in one of the largest law firms on the East Coast”可知，她的梦想成为了现实。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她从法学院毕业，目前在东海岸最大的律师事务所之一工作。A. A. apparently显然；B. currently当前，目前；C. precisely精确地；D. properly得体地。根据“She graduated from law school”和is可知，Rebecca现在在一家律师事务所任职。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的学习障碍现在仍然给我带来挑战，但它也给了我实现童年梦想的决心。A. determination决心；B. description描述 ；C. admiration钦佩；D. inspiration灵感。根据上文“My learning disability still brings challenges to me now”可知，丽贝卡的疾病现在仍然是她需要面对的困难，但是它也让她下决心去实现字自己孩童时候的梦想。故选A。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new study,____41____(publish) in Psychological Science, finds that people who think they can learn from their mistakes have a different brain reaction to mistakes compared with people who think intelligence is fixed.
Studies have found that people who think intelligence is malleable(可塑的)say things like, "If I make a mistake, I'll try to learn and figure____42____out." On the other hand, people who think that they can't get smarter will not take____43____(opportunity)to learn from their mistakes.
For this study, the participants wear a cap on his or her head that records electrical activity in the brain. When someone makes a mistake, their brain makes two quick signals: an initial response that indicates something has gone wrong; a follow-up signal that indicates____44____attempt to correct the mistake.
A bigger second signal____45____(display)in the participants who were better able to recover____46____making a mistake-that is, those who believed that they could learn from such a mistake-than who had negative feelings about a mistake and believed that their failure was due to their own shortcomings.
"This research might help us understand why____47____(exact)the two types of individuals show different____48____(behave)after mistakes, and could help train people to believe that they can work____49____(hard)and learn more, by_____50_____(show)how their brain is reacting to mistakes," the scientist says.
【答案】41. published
42. it 43. opportunities
44. an 45. was displayed
46. from 47. exactly
48. behaviors##behaviours
49. harder 50. showing
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。主要讲述了发表在《心理科学》杂志上的一项新研究发现,那些认为自己可以从错误中学习的人,他们的大脑对错误的反应与那些认为智商是固定不变的人不同。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一项发表在心理学科学杂志上的新研究发现，认为可以从错误中学习的人与认为智商是固定不变的人对错误的反应是不同的。分析句子可知，publish作定语，修饰study，二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填published。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：如果我犯了一个错误，我会试着了解并弄清楚它。根据句意，此处指代上文提的“a mistake”，用代词it作宾语，故填it。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：另一方面，那些认为自己不能变得更聪明的人不会利用从错误中学习的机会，动词后用名词作宾语，opportunity“机会”是可数名词，根据句意，此处用作复数，故填opportunities。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：当某人犯错误时，他们的大脑会发出两个快速信号：初始反应表明出了问题；后续信号表明试图纠正这个错误。attempt“尝试”此处是名词作宾语，根据句意，此处表示泛指，用不定冠词，且attempt以元音因素开头，故填an。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：能够从犯错误中更好地恢复的参与者显示又一个更大的信号。分析句子可知，display是谓语动词，根据语境和下文的were可推断，用一般过去时，主语signal和display是被动关系，用被动语态，且主语是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填was displayed。
【46题详解】
考查介词和固定短语。句意：能够从犯错误中更好地恢复的参与者显示又一个更大的信号。recover from…“从……中恢复”，是固定短语，根据句意，故填from。
【47题详解】
考查副词。句意：这项研究可能有助于我们确切地理解这两种类型的个体在错误后表现出不同的行为的原因。分析句子可知，此处修饰动词show用副词作状语，故填exactly。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：这项研究可能有助于我们理解确切地这两种类型的个体在错误后表现出不同的行为的原因。形容词修饰名词，behavior/behaviour“行为”，是可数名词，由different修饰用复数，故填behaviors/behaviours.
【49题详解】
考查副词比较级。句意：通过展示人们的大脑对错误的反应，可以有助于训练人们相信他们可以更努力的工作，了解更多。根据下文的more和语境可知，此处使用比较级，故填harder。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：通过展示人们的大脑对错误的反应，可以有助于训练人们相信他们可以更努力的工作，了解更多。by是介词，接动名词作宾语，故填showing。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下而写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I want to register attend a course about gardening so I have taken an interest in planting flowers since I was a little child. I especially like playing in the garden in that I can enjoy the beauty of nature. First, I want to gain more knowledges of gardening so that they can help me to major in gardening at college. Second, I can actual realize the bitterness of the gardeners and treasured plants. After the graduation, I plan to devote my life to plant flowers. I'll turn my country into a much beautiful state, attracting more foreigners to come to visit it.
【答案】1. attend前加 to
2. so→because
3. that→which
4. knowledges→knowledge
5. they→it
6. actual→actually
7. 去掉graduation前的the
8. treasured→treasure
9. plant→planting
10. much→more
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文讲述了作者计划报名参加园艺课程和学习该课程的原因。
【详解】1.考查动词不定式。句意：我想报名参加一个关于园艺的课程，因为我从小就对种花很感兴趣。分析句子可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语，表示报名的目的是参加课程。故在attend前加to。
2.考查连词。句意：我想报名参加一个关于园艺的课程，因为我从小就对种花很感兴趣。根据句意可知，该句应用because引导原因状语从句，表示报名参加园艺课程的原因。故将so改为because。
3. 考查定语从句。句意：我特别喜欢在花园里玩耍，在那里我可以欣赏大自然的美丽。分析句子可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为the garden，关系词代替它在从句中作介词in的宾语，指物，应用关系代词which，that不能用于介词后。故将that改为which。
4. 考查不可数名词。句意：首先，我想获得更多的园艺知识，这样它可以帮助我在大学主修园艺。knowledge“知识”为不可数名词。故将knowledges改为knowledge。
5. 考查代词。句意：首先，我想获得更多的园艺知识，这样它可以帮助我在大学主修园艺。根据句意可知，参加园艺课程获得更多的园艺知识这件事情可以帮助“我”在大学主修园艺，应用代词it指代前文提到的内容。故将they改为it。
6. 考查副词。句意：第二，我可以真正体会到园丁的辛苦并且珍爱植物。修饰动词realize应用副词actually作状语。故将actual改为actually。
7. 考查定冠词。句意：句意：毕业后，我打算全身心地投入到种花中去。after graduation“毕业后”，此处graduation“毕业”是不可数名词，表示泛指，不是特指，故去掉graduation前的the。
8. 考查情态动词后接动词原形。句意：第二，我可以真正体会到园丁的辛苦并且珍爱植物。分析句子可知，动词treasure为并列谓语，谓语前有情态动词can，故该动词应用原形。故将treasured改为treasure。
9. 考查动名词。句意：毕业后，我打算全身心地投入到种花中去。根据固定用法“devote…to doing sth.把……奉献给某事物”可知，此处应用动名词planting，作介词to的宾语。故将plant改为planting。
10. 考查形容词比较级。句意：我要把我的国家变成一个更美丽的地方，吸引更多的外国人来参观。根据句意和下文的more可知，该句应用比较级，吸引的外国游客比以前多，应用比较级“more更多的”。故将much改为more。
第二节 书面表达(满分25 分)
52. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Eric 在学习汉语的过程中被自己的英式汉语(Englinese)所困扰，于是给你写信请教如何学习地道的汉语，请给他写一封回信。
内容包括：
1.感谢信任；
2.具体建议；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Dear Eric.
I'm so sorry to hear about your puzzle about Englinese in your Chinese learning. Thank you for your trust. It's never easy to master Chinese. Even native Chinese speakers may find it hard to learn Chinese well, so you don't have to feel upset.
You often speak Englinese, because you don't pay attention to the history, culture and customs of Chinese and English. So you should make full use of your spare time to practise more. It's widely believed that practice makes perfect. I would like to help you when you have problem.
I am sure that you will make progress.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国朋友Eric写封信，就如何学习地道的汉语给他一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
困惑：puzzle→confuse
不容易：never easy→hard/difficult
充分利用：make full use of→make the best of
空闲时间：spare time→free time
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句: You often speak Englinese, because you don't pay attention to the history, culture and customs of Chinese and English.
拓展句: The reason why you often speak Englinese is that you don't pay attention to the history, culture and customs of Chinese and English.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】Even native Chinese speakers may find it hard to learn them well, so you don't have to feel upset. (运用了it作形式宾语，真正宾语为不定式短语)
【高分句型2】It's widely believed that practice makes perfect. (运用了it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句)
2022届河南省驻马店市环际大联考“圆梦计划”高三上学期9月阶段性考试（一）英语试题
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How does the man like the soup?
A. It's too thick. B. It's not very good. C. It needs a bit more flavor.
2. What is the woman going to do?
A. Make a fruit salad. B. Drive back home. C. Do some shopping.
3. What does the woman ask Max to do?
A. Get something to eat. B. Have a discussion with Peter. C. Leave the room for a moment.
4. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a repair shop. B. In a. photo studio. C. In a camera store.
5. What affect(s) the man's phone bill?
A. His calls and texts. B. The taxes and extra fees. C. His family's Internet use.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who is the man talking to?
A. His teacher. B. His classmate. C. A bookstore clerk.
7 What will the young man do next?
A. Band in his essay. B. Rewrite his essay. C. Read the book again.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the woman doing?
A. Selling books. B. Doing a survey. C. Discussing her reading habits.
9. Which kind of books does the man like best?
A. Adventure stories. B. Historical novels. C. Biographies.
10. Where does the man get most of his books?
A. From his friends. B. From the library. C. From online bookstores.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11. How often will the man be available to work?
A. No more than two evenings a week.
B. Up to three evenings a week.
C. At least three evenings a week.
12. Why does the man apply for a part-time job?
A. To gain work experience. B. To earn some money. C. To improve his social skills.
13. What is the man good at?
A. Solving problems. B. Working in a group. C. Communicating with people.
14. What will the man do on September 8th?
A. Have a lesson. B. Meet the woman. C. Work for the community.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Neighbors. B. Husband and wife. C. Steward and passenger.
16. What do we know about the woman?
A. Her suitcase is more than 40kg.
B. She will take a flight to America.
C. She has a handbag and a large backpack.
17. What time will the flight leave?
A. At 8:30 a. m. B. At 9: 30 a. m. C. At 10: 30 a. m.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Where can copies be made?
A. On Level 2. B. On Level 3. C. On Level 4.
19. How many books can an undergraduate student check out?
A. Up to two. B. Up to five. C. Up to fifteen.
20. What is the late fee for a book that is 40 days overdue?
A.$15. B.$20. C. $ 25.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Four Underwater Cities You Must Visit
Dwarka-India
Dwarka is located 70 feet under the sea near the inhabited island of Bet Dwarka. It was built sometime between 9, 000 and 12, 000 years ago and those fortunate enough to visit can witness a diverse variety of buildings in addition to a seaport and protective walls made of sandstone. Furthermore, large stone anchors indicate that overseas trade took place in Dwarka during the Age of Antiquity all the way through medieval times.
Pavlopetri-Greece
Pavlopetri was founded around 5, 000 years ago, making it one of the oldest underwater lost cities in the world. Since it was rediscovered in 1967, archeologists and tourists alike have been fascinated by the well-preserved handicrafts. What makes Pavlopetri stick out is that it has a nearly-complete town plan, including at least 15 buildings. There is also evidence that it was once a major producer of textiles, with some of the equipment still complete!
Antirhodos-Egypt
This ancient underwater island was rediscovered in 1996 near the Alexandria harbor. In addition to being the site of the Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Ancient Wonders of the World that had been presumed(推测)lost forever, explorers can find a marble-floored 3rd century B. C. palace. The best thing is that the island is only a few meters under the water, which makes it easy to explore even for new divers!
Atlit-Yam-Israel
This underwater site was discovered in 1984 off the coast of Atlit near Haifa, and is estimated to have been settled between 6, 900 and 6, 300 B. C. This location offers the clearest evidence of where humans made the transition(过渡)from hunter-gatherers to settled farmers. Dive insurance is required, so make sure you are covered when you plan your trip.
1. What can we learn about Dwarka?
A. It has a historical palace. B. It has various ancient buildings.
C. It has a completely preserved town. D. It has the clearest evidence of hunters gathered.
2. Which place is easily accessible to divers?
A. Dwarka. B. Pavlopetri. C. Antirhodos. D. Atlit-Yam.
3. What do visitors need to do before visiting Atlit-Yam?
A. Book the trip online. B. Buy dive insurance.
C. Take a map and a compass. D. Learn about the history of fanning.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了四个值得游客参观的水下城市。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Dwarka—India”部分中的“It was built sometime between 9,000and 12,000 years ago and those fortunate enough to visit can witness a diverse variety of buildings…(它建于9000到12000年前，那些有幸参观的人可以看到各种各样的建筑)”可知，Dwarka有很多不同种类的古建筑,与B项内容意思一致。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Antirhodos—Egypt”部分中的“The best thing is that the island is only a few meters under the water, which makes it easy to explore even for new divers!( 最棒的是，这个岛在水下只有几米，这使得即使是新手潜水者也很容易探索)”可知，埃及的水下岛屿Antirhodos岛对于潜水新手而言都很容易探索。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Atlit-Yam-Israel”部分中的“Dive insurance is required, so make sure you are covered when you plan your trip.( 潜水保险是必需的，所以当你计划你的旅行时，确保你被涵盖)”可知，当你计划去以色列的Atlit-Yam旅行时，你需要提前买潜水保险，故选B项。
B
We have often heard that "work smart and not hard". Does only smart work bring you success? And if so, then why are so many of us still busy putting our blood and sweat into working hard? Here, we'll discuss hard work and smart work.
Hard work sticks to the traditional form of doing work. It is all about consistently working towards a particular goal irrespective(不考虑的)of its worth, not being women about the result and not using any means to reduce your effort. Hard work requires a lot of commitment and sincerity from the person. Although being boring and tiresome, it can give you the best results if it is done with heart and soul.
One of the preconditions of smart work is having an in-depth knowledge or experience of the work in hand, because that allows you to look for efficient ways to do the work in a planned and organized manner. Being a smart worker saves a lot of time as you can find means to reduce your work by using logical and innovative ways to achieve your goals. Besides, it also gives you enough time to learn a new task while completing the present one.
Although it seems that smart work is a better option, what we forget is that smart work is the fruit of hard work. Only when you work hard can you gather the expertise(专业技能)and the knowledge to understand the work in hand and efficiently improve on it and work smartly.
So which do you think should be preferred? We are sure you have heard of "United we stand, divided we fall.", and that is true in this case, too. You will attain great heights and lead a better and more comfortable life if you combine both smart and hard work together. If you are not smart, your hard work will never pay. A donkey only does hard work, while a horse does hard work and uses its smartness whenever and wherever it needs. In a similar way, smart work is the result of hard work. To master the quality of smart work, you really need to work hard. Throngh hard work, we gain experience which helps us discover new things that in turn enable us to work smartly. The effort is important, but how to make that effort makes a difference.
4. What can we learn about hard workers?
A. They have great patience. B. They lack proper work skills.
C. They always feel bored and tired. D. They obtain excellent results from their work.
5. How do smart workers save a lot of time?
A. By making a sensible plan. B. By making use of creative ways.
C. By learning experience from others. D. By getting inspiration from a new task.
6. What does the author think of hard work?
A. It is inspiring. B. It is efficient.
C. It is challenging. D. It is fundamental.
7. In the author's view, the improvement of work pattern requires to________.
A. keep working hard B. find a method of working smartly
C. combine smart work with hard work D. choose a suitable way of working based on your need
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了勤奋地工作和聪明地工作的特点，并表示工作方式的改进需要将两者结合起来。
【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句“It is all about consistently working towards a particular goal irrespective of its worth, not being worried about the result and not using any means to reduce your effort. Hard work requires a lot of commitment and sincerity from the person.(这一切都是为了始终朝着一个特定的目标努力，而不管它的价值如何，不担心结果，也不使用任何方法来减少你的努力。努力工作需要一个人的承诺和真诚)”可推断，勤奋工作的人总是很有耐心。故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Being a smart worker saves a lot of time as you can find means to reduce your work by using logical and innovative ways to achieve your goals.(作为一个聪明的员工可以节省很多时间，因为你可以通过使用逻辑和创新的方法来实现你的目标来减少你的工作)”可知，聪明工作的人可以通过创造性的方式节省大量的时间。故选B项。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Although it seems that smart work is a better option, what we forget is that smart work is the fruit of hard work. Only when you work hard can you gather the expertise and the knowledge to understand the work in hand and efficiently improve on it and work smartly.(虽然聪明的工作似乎是一个更好的选择，但我们忘记了，聪明的工作是努力工作的成果。只有当你努力工作时，你才能收集到专业技能和知识来理解手头的工作，并有效地改进它，并聪明地工作。)”可推断，作者认为勤奋地工作是根本。故选D项。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“You will attain great heights and lead a better and more comfortable life if you combine both smart and hard work together.(如果你把聪明和努力的工作结合在一起，你就会达到很高的高度，过上更好、更舒适的生活)”可知，把聪明工作和勤奋工作结合起来可以使一个人达到更高水平，并过上更好的生活。由此可知，作者认为，工作方式的改进需要将聪明工作与勤奋工作结合起来。故选C项。
C
Rain is vital to life on Earth. However, rain isn't just made of water anymore-it's partly made of plastic.
Millions of tiny pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are wandering around Earth's atmosphere and traveling across entire continents, according to a study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on April 12. Another study, published in the journal Science in June2020, has revealed that every year more than 1, 000 tons of the particles (颗粒)-equivalent to over 120 million plastic bottles-fall in rain.
Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter (直径)and come from a number of sources. Plastic bags and bottles released into the environment break down into smaller and smaller bits. Some microplastics are manufactured deliberately to provide abrasion(研磨)in a host of products, such as toothpaste and cleansers, according to the Daily Mail. Another major source is your washing machine. When you wash synthetic(合成的)clothing, tiny microfibers get flushed away. Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain, and they are released into the sea, according to the American magazine Wired.
Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with. The tiny particles, too small to be seen with the naked eyes, are collected by the wind from the ground. They are so light that they stay in the air to be blown around the globe. As they climb into the atmosphere, they are thought to act as nuclei(核心)around which water vapor (水蒸气)condenses(凝结)to form clouds. Some of the dust falls back to land in dry conditions, while the rest comes down as rain, according to the Daily Mail.
Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been fund, on average, to contain 40 pieces of microplastics, reported the Daily Mail. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too. "We live on a ball inside a bubble," microplastic researcher Steve Allen at University of Strathclyde, Scotland, told Wired. "There are no borders, and there are no edges. It rains on the land and then gets blown back up into the air again, to move somewhere else. There's no stopping it once it's out."
8. What do we know about microplastics?
A. They are light and can be easily dealt with.
B. They result in both acid rain and plastic rain.
C. They have a diameter of at least 5 millimeters.
D. They have nearly affected the whole word food chain.
9. What does the underlined word "flushed" mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Smoothed. B. Thrown. C. Washed. D. Squeezed.
10. What do Steve Allen's words mean in the last paragraph?
A. No place is safe from microplastic pollution.
B. It is important to remove microplastics somewhere else.
C. The atmosphere possesses the capacity to self-cleanse.
D. Countries should work together to fight plastic pollution.
11. What's the main purpose of the passage?
A. To compare acid rain and plastic rain.
B. To warn people of the dangers of microplastics.
C. To call on people to reduce using plastic products.
D. To introduce the sources and effects of microplastics.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了微塑料无处不在，并分析了它的来源以及它对生物造成的影响。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found, on average, to contain 40 pieces of microplastics, reported the Daily Mail. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too.( 你能想象到任何地方都能发现微塑料。据《每日邮报》报道，从鱼、青蛙到老鼠和蚊子，它们的身体中平均含有40块微塑料。作为食物链的顶端，人类也暴露在微塑料中。)”可知，微塑料存在于整个生物链中。故选D项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain, and they are released into the sea, according to the American magazine Wired.(据《美国连线》杂志报道，尽管这些水由污水厂处理，微塑料仍然存在，它们会被释放到海里)”可知，即使污水处理厂处理了洗过合成衣服的水，水里残留的微塑料还是会被释放到海里。由此可推知，在洗合成衣服时，衣服上的微塑料会被冲掉，flushed即意为“冲洗掉”。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“‘We live on a ball inside a bubble,’ microplastic researcher Steve Allen at University of Strathclyde, Scotland, told Wired. ‘There are no borders, there are no edges. It rains on the land and then gets blown back up into the air again, to move somewhere else. There's no stopping it once it's out.’(苏格兰斯特拉克莱德大学的微塑料研究人员史蒂夫·艾伦告诉Wired，“我们住在泡泡里的球上。这里没有边界，也没有边缘。陆地上下雨，然后又被吹回空中，移动到其他地方。一旦它出来，就无法阻止它。”)”可推知，Steve Allen认为微塑料造成的污染无法逃避，没有安全的地方。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文用雨引出微塑料无处不在这一话题，第三段分析了微塑料的三个来源。第四、五段介绍了它对生物的影响。由此可知，本文的主要目的是介绍微塑料的来源及其影响。故选D项。
D
With the social media freely available, I've realized how easy it is to become a jealous cow. The truth is that however much I remind myself of the many wonderful things I have in my life, there are still moments when I look at those around me and feel bitterly upset by their success.
It's a horrible thing to admit! In an ideal world, I'd never want to be jealous of another person's achievements and I'd want to celebrate the successes of my friends. But sometimes it's hard, even when we want to. But I don't want to live my life as a jealous cow, and I assume you don't either.
It's easier to celebrate other people's wins if you celebrate your own. How often do we take the time to enjoy our success rather than instantly move onto the next thing we want to achieve? Last year, I decided to write a book. It was the only professional goal I set for myself and, while it tired me out, I got there. But as soon as it was done, I started planning my next goal-making the book a success. As I saw other people publishing books, I stopped celebrating and instead began to fear that mine wouldn't compete.
When I told a friend how I was feeling, she reminded me how much easier it is to clap for someone else when we also clap for ourselves. So, I took myself out for lunch, ordered a glass of wine and wrote myself a congratulations card. When I saw all those other books being written on my social media, I felt proud of each and every one of us who had battled to the end of the word count.
The other trick for celebrating other people's success is to realize that there is no limit on success. We can make more, which means that while it might seem as if others have everything and we have nothing, the reality is that life turns quickly and our luck could change at any time. If others have achieved those things, we can too. When we celebrate others, we're acknowledging their achievements but also cheering for ourselves as well as for our hopes and dreams and our belief that we can make them happen. And hopefully, when we do, those people will cheer for us too.
12. What can we infer from Paragraph 1?
A. Social media is the source of the author's jealousy.
B. Frequent successes on social media encourage envy.
C. It is a pleasure to face others' successes on social media.
D. People tend to be crazy about immediate success online.
13. As far as the author is concerned,what should we do after achieving success?
A. Appreciate what's been done.
B. Show it off on social media.
C. Reflect on gains and losses.
D. Waite for others' congratulations.
14. One of the keys to removing jealousy lies in.
A. pursuing those achievable goals
B. devoting yourself to the next goal
C. admitting personal incompetence
D. changing your attitude to success
15. What is the best title for the passage?
A. I'm so happy for us!
B. What a considerate friend!
C. I don't care about it!
D. How selfless you can be!
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者因为社交媒体中无处不在的成功，而变得容易嫉妒他人。因为他在日常生活中并不会这样，所以对此感到非常苦恼。最终在朋友的指导下，学会了庆祝自己的成功，破除心魔。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第一段“With the social media freely available, I've realized how easy it is to become a jealous cow. The truth is that however much I remind myself of the many wonderful things I have in my life, there are still moments when I look at those around me and feel bitterly upset by their success.（随着社交媒体的免费使用，我意识到成为嫉妒的牛是多么容易。事实是，尽管我经常提醒自己生命中有许多美好的事情，但仍有一些时刻，当我看着周围的人，为他们的成功感到痛苦不安。）”可推知，因为社交媒体的随处可及，导致别人的成功频繁出现在自己眼前，因此容易引起嫉妒。故选B项。
13题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第三段“It's easier to celebrate other people's wins if you celebrate your own.（如果你庆祝自己的胜利，那就更容易庆祝别人的胜利。）”以及文章第四段“When I told a friend how I was feeling, she reminded me how much easier it is to clap for someone else when we also clap for ourselves.（当我告诉一个朋友我的感受时，她提醒我，当我们也为自己鼓掌时，为别人鼓掌是多么容易。）”可推知，想要为他人的成功感到高兴，得先学会为自己的成果庆祝，感谢我们自己所做的一切。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第五段“The other trick for celebrating other people's success is to realize that there is no limit on success. We can make more, which means that while it might seem as if others have everything and we have nothing, the reality is that life turns quickly and our luck could change at any time.（庆祝别人成功的另一个技巧是要意识到成功是无限的。我们可以制造更多，这意味着，虽然看起来好像别人拥有一切，而我们什么都没有，但现实是，生活瞬变万化，我们的运气随时可能改变。）”可推知，消除嫉妒的方法之一是要意识到成功是没有限制的，之前会感到嫉妒的原因，是因为作者看到了别人成功，并且认为自己不会成功，实际上，我们的运气随时可能改变，要相信自己也可以成功，所以消除嫉妒的关键之一在于对成功态度的转变。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通过文章主旨大意以及文章第五段“When we celebrate others, we're acknowledging their achievements but also cheering for ourselves as well as for our hopes and dreams and our belief that we can make them happen. And hopefully, when we do, those people will cheer for us too.（当我们为他人庆祝时，我们是在承认他们的成就，同时也是在为自己喝彩，也为自己的希望、梦想和我们相信自己能实现它们而喝彩。希望到时候，那些人也会为我们欢呼。）”可知，最后作者认为，当我们为别人喝彩时，也是在为自己喝彩。A项“为我们感到高兴!”符合文意，最适合作为文章标题。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When words of appreciation are said to people, there is a satisfaction that comes with it, an urge to do more and be the best in what they have been appreciated about. This is the same feeling that comes when you appreciate yourself.____16____Below are some ways to appreciate yourself more.
Think deeply.
Meditation(沉思) is a beautiful way to center yourself. When life is stressful or your mind is racing, you can always turn to meditation____17____All you need to do is to find a quiet, comfortable space, close your eyes and simply breathe.
Read.
____18____The more you read, the more you find new ways to love yourself more and more. You learn new ways, and you also discover things you probably have never paid attention to about yourself.
Avoid negativity.
Surround yourself with positive messages, pictures of people you love, and anything that makes you feel better. It is an act of self-love when you are in a comfortable environment full of the things that bring you joy.____19____
Be grateful.
All you need is a journal to start. When you wake up every morning and each night before you sleep, write down three things for which you're grateful.____20____It's a perfect time to say "thank you" to your body!
A. you don't have to buy many books.
B. It's a beautiful way to honor yourself and your life.
C. You may turn to a meditation teacher if you find it difficult.
D. It's also accessible to everyone because you can do it anywhere.
E. When you can smile by just looking around, you're practicing self-love!
F. Finding some books that speak to you is extremely important for self-love.
G. You feel loved and there is no form of disrespect that can be directed at you.
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. F 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。文章分享了一些让你更欣赏自己的方法。
【16题详解】
上文“When words of appreciation are said to people, there is a satisfaction that comes with it, an urge to do more and be the best in what they have been appreciated about. This is the same feeling that comes when you appreciate yourself.（当人们听到赞美的话语时，会有一种满足感随之而来，一种想要做得更多、在被赞美的事情上做到最好的冲动。这和你欣赏自己时的感觉是一样的） ”说明人们听到赞美话语的时候，会有一种满足感，感觉自己很好。G项中的“feel loved”也说明被赞美时人们的感觉，G项“你感到被爱，没有任何形式的不尊重针对你。”符合语境，与上文是并列关系。故选G项。
【17题详解】
D项“It’s also accessible to everyone because you can do it anywhere.（每个人都可以使用它，因为你可以在任何地方使用它）”说明了冥想可以在任何地方进行；下文“All you need to do is find a quiet, comfortable space, close your eyes, and simply breathe.（你需要做的就是找一个安静、舒适的空间，闭上眼睛，简单地呼吸）”说明了进行冥想需要做的事情。D项起到引起下文的作用。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据段落标题Read“阅读”可知，本段讲述阅读可以让你更好地欣赏自己，F项“Finding a book or books that speak to you is extremely important for self-love.（找到一本或多本能与你交流的书对于自爱来说是极其重要的）”说明了读一些自己喜欢的书的重要性。与段落主题“Read.（阅读）”相呼应。故选F项。
【19题详解】
上文“Surround yourself with positive messages, pictures of people you love, and anything that makes you feel better. It is an act of self-love when you are in a comfortable environment full of the things that bring you joy.（让你的周围充满积极的信息，你爱的人的照片，以及任何让你感觉更好的东西，当你处在一个充满了带给你快乐的东西的舒适的环境中时，这是一种自爱的行为。）”说明了避免消极的方法就是让你的周围充满积极的信息，E项中的“self-love”一致。因此推断E项“当你可以通过环顾四周来微笑时，你就是在练习自爱”符合语境。故选E项。
【20题详解】
上文“When you wake up every morning and each night before you sleep, write down three things for which you’re grateful.（每天早上醒来和晚上睡觉前，写下三件让你感恩的事情。） ”说明了心存感激的方式，B项“It's a beautiful way to honor yourself and your life.(这是一种向自己和自己的生活致敬的美好方式)” 中的代词“It”指的是上文提到的“每天早上和晚上睡觉前，写下三件让你感恩的事情”这种方式，用这种方式可以向自己和自己的生活致敬。引出下文“It's a perfect time to say "thank you" to your body! (这是对你的身体说谢谢的最佳时机！)”。故选B项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Rebecca, who I met at a business conference in Las Vegas, is one of the smartest people I have ever known. So____21____in mind was she that she made a deep impression on me. Even if you were around her for an entire day, you probably wouldn't____22____her disability.
She was born with severe dyslexia-a slight____23____of the brain that causes____24____in reading and spelling. Due to her____25____disability, she had to be in____26____education classes for most of her elementary and middle school years. Despite the challenge, she____27____to let dyslexia determine her life. Every day, she worked on____28____her disability with the____29____of her parents. Her dad would_____30_____an hour every morning helping her with math. In the evenings her mom would have her read books out aloud and then her mother would_____31_____her on the content.
_____32_____, in her effort, Rebecca's hard work_____33_____. By high school, she had_____34_____from special education classes all the way to honor classes. When I was young, no one thought I could ever attend_____35_____." she said. Not only did Rebecca end up going to college, but she graduated as the top of her class.
"I always had a vision, ”says Rebecca, “of one day being a_____36_____. But it seemed like such a_____37_____ambition that I never told anyone." Today, Rebecca's vision is a_____38_____. She graduated from law school and is_____39_____working her up in one of the largest law firms on the East Coast. Rebecca says, "I wouldn't change a thing. My learning disability still brings challenges to me now, but it also gave me the_____40_____to make my childhood dream come true."
21. A. sharp B. plain C. awkward D. massive
22. A. overlook B. recover C. notice D. prove
23. A. difference B. discrimination C. disorder D. change
24. A. fun B. difficulty C. luck D. expectation
25. A. learning B. living C. speaking D. working
26. A. senior B. primary. C. expensive D. special
27. A. preferred B. refused C. resigned D. agreed
28. A. displaying B. inspecting C. overcoming D. greeting
29. A. disturbance B. laughter C. amusement D. assistance
30. A. spend B. waste C. offer D. practice
31. A. persuade B. quiz C. answer D. remind
32. A. Suddenly B. Obviously C. Eventually D. Casually
33. A. turned back B. went through C. faded out D. paid off
34. A. advanced B. graduated C. backed D. dropped
35. A. contests B. conferences C. school D. college
36. A. translator B. judge C. physician D. lawyer
37. A. simple B. crazy C. critical D. practical
38. A. concern B. desire C. reality D. dream
39. A. apparently B. currently C. precisely D. properly
40. A. determination B. description C. admiration D. inspiration
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. D 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了身患诵读困难症的女孩在父母的帮助下，努力克服困难，实现了律师梦想的励志故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她心里是那么敏锐，给我留下了深刻的印象。A. sharp聪明的；B. plain朴素的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. massive巨大的。根据上文“Rebecca, who I met at a business conference in Las Vegas, is one of the smartest people I have ever known.”可知，丽贝卡是作者在拉斯维加斯的一次商务会议上认识的，她是我所认识的最聪明的人之一。因此Rebecca思维敏捷，很聪明。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使你在她身边一整天，你也可能不会注意到她的残疾。A. overlook俯瞰；B. recover恢复；C. notice注意；D. prove证明。根据文章第一句和“Even if you were around her for an entire day”以及下文的“disability”可推断，丽贝卡非常聪明，因此即使你待在她身边一整天，很可能也不会注意到她的残疾。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她天生时患有严重的阅读障碍——一种导致阅读和拼写困难的轻微大脑失调。A. difference不同；B. discrimination歧视；C. disorder失调；D. change变化。根据上文的“She was born with severe dyslexia”可知，她的大脑轻微失调，患有严重的阅读障碍。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. fun乐趣；B. difficulty困难；C. luck运气；D. expectation期待。根据上文“She was born with severe dyslexia”可知，她天生患有严重的阅读障碍，导致阅读和拼写困难。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于学习障碍，她在小学和初中的大部分时间里都在接受特殊教育。A. learning学习；B. living生活；C. speaking讲；D. working工作。考查固定短语辨析。根据上文“She was born with severe dyslexia-a slight____3____of the brain that causes____4____in reading and spelling.”可知，丽贝卡患有严重的阅读障碍，因此学习有问题。故选A。因为Rebecca患有学习障碍，所以小学和初中的大部分时间里都在接受特殊教育。上下文之间是因果关系。故选A。
26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. senior较年长的；B. primary初级的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. special特殊的。根据上文“her disability”和“She was born with severe dyslexia”可知，因为学习障碍，不得不接受特殊教育。下文的“from special education classes all the way to honor classes.”也是提示。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临挑战，她拒绝让阅读障碍决定她的生活。A. preferred更喜欢；B. refused拒绝；C. resigned放弃；D. agreed同意。根据上文“Despite the challenge”可推断，尽管面临阅读困难，她拒绝让这种困难主宰自己的生活。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在父母的帮助下，她每天都在努力克服自己的残疾。A. displaying陈列，展出；B. inspecting检查，查看；C. overcoming克服；D. greeting问候。根据“with the help of her parents”可知，父母帮助她克服困难。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. disturbance打扰；B. laughter笑声；C. amusement娱乐；D. assistance帮助；援助。根据下文“Her dad would____10____an hour every morning helping her with math. In the evenings her mom would have her read books out aloud and then her mother would____11____her on the content.”可知，父母给予她帮助。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她爸爸每天早上花一个小时辅导她数学。A. spend花费；B. waste浪费；C. offer提供；D. practice练习。根据下文“an hour every morning helping her with math”可知，爸爸每天上文花费一个小时帮助她辅导数学。故选A。
31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：晚上，她的妈妈会让她大声朗读书籍，然后她的妈妈会测试书里的内容。A. persuade劝说；B. quiz测验；C. answer回答；D. remind提醒。根据下文的“on the content”可知，妈妈让她大声诵读，然后检测所读内容。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，在她的努力下，丽贝卡的努力得到了回报。A. Suddenly突然；B. Obviously明显地；C. Eventually最终；D. Casually偶然地。根据“By high school, she had ____14____ from special education classes all the way to honor classes.”可知，最终，丽贝卡的努力得到了回报。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. turned back往回走；B. went through经历；C. faded out淡出，逐渐模糊；D. paid off得到回报。根据“from special education classes all the way to honor classes.”可知，丽贝卡的努力得到了回报。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到了高中，她已经从特殊教育班升入荣誉班。A. advanced进展，进步；B. graduated毕业；C. backed倒退；D. dropped使落下。根据上文“she had to be in____6____education classes for most of her elementary and middle school years.”可知，丽贝卡小学和初中时都在特殊教育班级上课，在她努力下，在高中她从特殊教育班级提升到荣誉班。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我小的时候，没人认为我能上大学。”她说。A. contests比赛；B. conferences会议；C. school学校；D. college大学。根据下文“Not only did Rebecca end up going to college, but she graduated as the top of her class.”可知，此处是信息词college的词汇复现。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我一直有一个梦想，”丽贝卡说，“梦想有一天成为一名律师。A. translator翻译员；B. judge法官，裁判；C. physician内科医师；D. lawyer律师。根据下文“She graduated from law school”可知，她想成为一名律师。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这似乎是一个疯狂的抱负，所以我从未告诉过任何人。A. simple简单的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. critical关键的；D. practical实际的。根据“I never told anyone”可知，丽贝卡自己患有严重的阅读障碍，因此她认为成为律师这个抱负太疯狂了，没有告诉过任何人。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，丽贝卡的梦想成为了现实。A. concern担心；B. desire渴望，愿望；C. reality现实；D. dream梦想。根据“She graduated from law school and is ____19____ working her up in one of the largest law firms on the East Coast”可知，她的梦想成为了现实。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她从法学院毕业，目前在东海岸最大的律师事务所之一工作。A. A. apparently显然；B. currently当前，目前；C. precisely精确地；D. properly得体地。根据“She graduated from law school”和is可知，Rebecca现在在一家律师事务所任职。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的学习障碍现在仍然给我带来挑战，但它也给了我实现童年梦想的决心。A. determination决心；B. description描述 ；C. admiration钦佩；D. inspiration灵感。根据上文“My learning disability still brings challenges to me now”可知，丽贝卡的疾病现在仍然是她需要面对的困难，但是它也让她下决心去实现字自己孩童时候的梦想。故选A。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new study,____41____(publish) in Psychological Science, finds that people who think they can learn from their mistakes have a different brain reaction to mistakes compared with people who think intelligence is fixed.
Studies have found that people who think intelligence is malleable(可塑的)say things like, "If I make a mistake, I'll try to learn and figure____42____out." On the other hand, people who think that they can't get smarter will not take____43____(opportunity)to learn from their mistakes.
For this study, the participants wear a cap on his or her head that records electrical activity in the brain. When someone makes a mistake, their brain makes two quick signals: an initial response that indicates something has gone wrong; a follow-up signal that indicates____44____attempt to correct the mistake.
A bigger second signal____45____(display)in the participants who were better able to recover____46____making a mistake-that is, those who believed that they could learn from such a mistake-than who had negative feelings about a mistake and believed that their failure was due to their own shortcomings.
"This research might help us understand why____47____(exact)the two types of individuals show different____48____(behave)after mistakes, and could help train people to believe that they can work____49____(hard)and learn more, by_____50_____(show)how their brain is reacting to mistakes," the scientist says.
【答案】41. published
42. it 43. opportunities
44. an 45. was displayed
46. from 47. exactly
48. behaviors##behaviours
49. harder 50. showing
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。主要讲述了发表在《心理科学》杂志上的一项新研究发现,那些认为自己可以从错误中学习的人,他们的大脑对错误的反应与那些认为智商是固定不变的人不同。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一项发表在心理学科学杂志上的新研究发现，认为可以从错误中学习的人与认为智商是固定不变的人对错误的反应是不同的。分析句子可知，publish作定语，修饰study，二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填published。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：如果我犯了一个错误，我会试着了解并弄清楚它。根据句意，此处指代上文提的“a mistake”，用代词it作宾语，故填it。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：另一方面，那些认为自己不能变得更聪明的人不会利用从错误中学习的机会，动词后用名词作宾语，opportunity“机会”是可数名词，根据句意，此处用作复数，故填opportunities。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：当某人犯错误时，他们的大脑会发出两个快速信号：初始反应表明出了问题；后续信号表明试图纠正这个错误。attempt“尝试”此处是名词作宾语，根据句意，此处表示泛指，用不定冠词，且attempt以元音因素开头，故填an。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：能够从犯错误中更好地恢复的参与者显示又一个更大的信号。分析句子可知，display是谓语动词，根据语境和下文的were可推断，用一般过去时，主语signal和display是被动关系，用被动语态，且主语是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填was displayed。
【46题详解】
考查介词和固定短语。句意：能够从犯错误中更好地恢复的参与者显示又一个更大的信号。recover from…“从……中恢复”，是固定短语，根据句意，故填from。
【47题详解】
考查副词。句意：这项研究可能有助于我们确切地理解这两种类型的个体在错误后表现出不同的行为的原因。分析句子可知，此处修饰动词show用副词作状语，故填exactly。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：这项研究可能有助于我们理解确切地这两种类型的个体在错误后表现出不同的行为的原因。形容词修饰名词，behavior/behaviour“行为”，是可数名词，由different修饰用复数，故填behaviors/behaviours.
【49题详解】
考查副词比较级。句意：通过展示人们的大脑对错误的反应，可以有助于训练人们相信他们可以更努力的工作，了解更多。根据下文的more和语境可知，此处使用比较级，故填harder。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：通过展示人们的大脑对错误的反应，可以有助于训练人们相信他们可以更努力的工作，了解更多。by是介词，接动名词作宾语，故填showing。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下而写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I want to register attend a course about gardening so I have taken an interest in planting flowers since I was a little child. I especially like playing in the garden in that I can enjoy the beauty of nature. First, I want to gain more knowledges of gardening so that they can help me to major in gardening at college. Second, I can actual realize the bitterness of the gardeners and treasured plants. After the graduation, I plan to devote my life to plant flowers. I'll turn my country into a much beautiful state, attracting more foreigners to come to visit it.
【答案】1. attend前加 to
2. so→because
3. that→which
4. knowledges→knowledge
5. they→it
6. actual→actually
7. 去掉graduation前的the
8. treasured→treasure
9. plant→planting
10. much→more
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文讲述了作者计划报名参加园艺课程和学习该课程的原因。
【详解】1.考查动词不定式。句意：我想报名参加一个关于园艺的课程，因为我从小就对种花很感兴趣。分析句子可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语，表示报名的目的是参加课程。故在attend前加to。
2.考查连词。句意：我想报名参加一个关于园艺的课程，因为我从小就对种花很感兴趣。根据句意可知，该句应用because引导原因状语从句，表示报名参加园艺课程的原因。故将so改为because。
3. 考查定语从句。句意：我特别喜欢在花园里玩耍，在那里我可以欣赏大自然的美丽。分析句子可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为the garden，关系词代替它在从句中作介词in的宾语，指物，应用关系代词which，that不能用于介词后。故将that改为which。
4. 考查不可数名词。句意：首先，我想获得更多的园艺知识，这样它可以帮助我在大学主修园艺。knowledge“知识”为不可数名词。故将knowledges改为knowledge。
5. 考查代词。句意：首先，我想获得更多的园艺知识，这样它可以帮助我在大学主修园艺。根据句意可知，参加园艺课程获得更多的园艺知识这件事情可以帮助“我”在大学主修园艺，应用代词it指代前文提到的内容。故将they改为it。
6. 考查副词。句意：第二，我可以真正体会到园丁的辛苦并且珍爱植物。修饰动词realize应用副词actually作状语。故将actual改为actually。
7. 考查定冠词。句意：句意：毕业后，我打算全身心地投入到种花中去。after graduation“毕业后”，此处graduation“毕业”是不可数名词，表示泛指，不是特指，故去掉graduation前的the。
8. 考查情态动词后接动词原形。句意：第二，我可以真正体会到园丁的辛苦并且珍爱植物。分析句子可知，动词treasure为并列谓语，谓语前有情态动词can，故该动词应用原形。故将treasured改为treasure。
9. 考查动名词。句意：毕业后，我打算全身心地投入到种花中去。根据固定用法“devote…to doing sth.把……奉献给某事物”可知，此处应用动名词planting，作介词to的宾语。故将plant改为planting。
10. 考查形容词比较级。句意：我要把我的国家变成一个更美丽的地方，吸引更多的外国人来参观。根据句意和下文的more可知，该句应用比较级，吸引的外国游客比以前多，应用比较级“more更多的”。故将much改为more。
第二节 书面表达(满分25 分)
52. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Eric 在学习汉语的过程中被自己的英式汉语(Englinese)所困扰，于是给你写信请教如何学习地道的汉语，请给他写一封回信。
内容包括：
1.感谢信任；
2.具体建议；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Dear Eric.
I'm so sorry to hear about your puzzle about Englinese in your Chinese learning. Thank you for your trust. It's never easy to master Chinese. Even native Chinese speakers may find it hard to learn Chinese well, so you don't have to feel upset.
You often speak Englinese, because you don't pay attention to the history, culture and customs of Chinese and English. So you should make full use of your spare time to practise more. It's widely believed that practice makes perfect. I would like to help you when you have problem.
I am sure that you will make progress.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国朋友Eric写封信，就如何学习地道的汉语给他一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
困惑：puzzle→confuse
不容易：never easy→hard/difficult
充分利用：make full use of→make the best of
空闲时间：spare time→free time
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句: You often speak Englinese, because you don't pay attention to the history, culture and customs of Chinese and English.
拓展句: The reason why you often speak Englinese is that you don't pay attention to the history, culture and customs of Chinese and English.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】Even native Chinese speakers may find it hard to learn them well, so you don't have to feel upset. (运用了it作形式宾语，真正宾语为不定式短语)
【高分句型2】It's widely believed that practice makes perfect. (运用了it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句)
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