高中英语人教版 (新课标)必修1&2Unit 4 Earthquakes同步练习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (新课标)必修1&2Unit 4 Earthquakes同步练习题，共10页。

Have yu ever walked int a rm that had the smell f cigarette smke, regardless f the fact that a fan was mving the air and n ne was smking at the time? This is what researchers are calling third-hand smke — and it represents the pisnus depsits (存积物) that are left behind lng after a cigarette is put ut.
Cigarette smke cntains gases and small particles that are depsited n every surface it cmes in cntact with, fr example, the smker’s hair and clthing, r the envirnment the cigarette was smked in. It’s dangerus fr yung children wh may crawl n plluted surfaces. Third-hand smke is a serius health risk fr ur kids, especially thse wh live in the hmes f smkers.
Jnathan Winickff, lead authr f the study, explains, “When yu cme int cntact with yur baby, even if yu’re nt smking at the time, he r she cmes in cntact with thse pisns. And if yu breast-feed, the pisns will transfer t yur baby in yur breast milk.” Winickff adds hwever, that nursing a baby if yu’re a smker is still a better chice than bttle-feeding.
Researchers invlved in the study als surveyed mre than 1,500 families in an effrt t learn abut adult attitudes regarding the danger third-hand smke represents t their children and hw that might affect smking in the hme.
Apprximately 95 percent f nnsmkers and 84 percent f smkers believe that secndhand smke is dangerus fr children.
On the issue f whether third-hand smke threatens the health f children, 65 percent f nnsmkers and 43 percent f smkers felt that third-hand smke harms kids. When asked abut rules regarding smking in the hme, apprximately 88 percent f nnsmkers said they dn’t allw smking, while nly 27 percent f smkers frbid smking in the hme.
Hwever, bth nn-smkers and smkers wh felt that third-hand smking was harmful t children’s health were mre inclined t (倾向于) restrict smking in their hmes.
1、The study led by Jnathan Winickff fcused n _______.
A. bad influences lng after a cigarette is smked
B. third-hand smke and secndhand smke
C. the bad effects f smking n cmmn peple
D. the terrible smell f cigarette smke
2、Hw des the text explain what third-hand smke is?
A. By telling results f a survey.
B. By giving statistics.
C. By making cmparisns.
D. By giving an example.
3、The fllwing measures t prevent the effect f third-hand smke are effective except _______.
A. keeping kids ut f rm when yu smke
B. cleaning the huse t get rid f pisns
C. making yurself clean befre cntacting kids
D. trying t frbid smking in hme
【答案】1、A 2、D 3、A
【解析】1、
1. a细节理解题。结合this is what researchers are calling third-hand smke — and it represents the pisnus depsits (存积物) that are left behind lng after a cigarette is put ut.
可知答案。
2. d细节理解题。结合第二段可知文章使用了举例子的方法揭示了什么是third-hand smke。
3. a细节理解题。结合文章内容可知“香烟烟雾中含有气体和小颗粒，他们会沉积在例如吸烟者的头发和衣服等物体的表面或吸烟的环境中”由此可知“即使你吸烟时，让孩子在室外”，对孩子也是有危害的。
B
Everyne experiences stress at wrk, but hw we cpe with it varies. Feeling that yu’ve been unfairly treated can be particularly stressful. Researchers believe that failure t express feelings abut unfair treatment at wrk culd have serius cnsequences n yur health, especially men, wh bttle up their anger at being unfairly treated at wrk, are up t 5 times mre likely t suffer a heart attack, r even die frm ne, than thse wh let their frustratin （沮丧） shw, a Swedish study has fund.
The study by the Stress Research Institute f Stckhlm University fllwed 2,755 emplyed men wh had nt suffered any heart attacks. At the end f the study, 47 participants had either suffered an attack, r died frm heart disease, and many f thse had been fund t be cvertly cping with unfair treatment at wrk.
“After adjustment fr age, sciecnmic factrs, risk behavirs, jb strain and bilgical risk factrs at baseline, there was a clse-respnse relatinship between cvert cping and the risk f incident death,” the study’s authrs wrte.
Cvert cping was listed as “letting thing pass withut saying anything” and “ging away” despite feelings f being hard dne by clleagues r bsses. Men wh ften used these cping techniques had a tw t five times higher risk f develping heart disease than thse wh were mre cnfrntatinal (对抗性的) at wrk, the study shwed.
The researchers said they culd nt answer the questin f what might be a particularly healthy cping strategy at wrk, but listed pen cping behavir when experiencing unfair treatment r facing a cnflict as “prtesting directly,” “talking t the persn right away,” “yelling at the persn right away” r “speaking t the persn later when things have calmed dwn.” The study was published in the Jurnal f Epidemilgy and Cmmunity Health.
4、The study mainly shws that .
A. wmen are less likely t suffer a heart attack than men
B. mst peple die f heart disease caused by stress
C. cvert cping may result in certain heart truble
D. emplyers shuld treat their wrkers equally
5、Which f the fllwing cntributes t the accuracy f the study?
A. The participants were all emplyed men.
B. The participants tend t bttle up their temper.
C. The participants shuld nt have risk behavirs.
D. The participants had nt a histry f heart attacks.
6、 Accrding t the text, if treated unfairly a cnfrntatinal persn will .
A. just let it be
B. fight back immediately
C. g away silently
D. wrk even harder
7、The last paragraph is intended t tell readers .
A. that the study is fficial
B. what the healthiest cping strategy is
C. what the helpful ways f handling unfair treatment are
D. that cnfrntatin is always beneficial t peple’s heart health
【答案】4、C 5、D 6、B 7、C
【解析】4、c细节理解题。结合文章第二段可知答案：不能正确处理工作中的不公正对待可能会导致某些心脏病。
5. d细节理解题。结合文章第二段可知参与实验的人在实验前没有的心脏病，而结束后或患病或死于心脏病；这点增加了实验的可信度。
6. b推理判断题。结合第四段可知a cnfrntatinal persn是指受到不公正待遇时，不采取“letting thing pass withut saying anything” and “ging away”，而采取反击方式的人。
7. c细节理解题。最后一段主要是列举了些有效处理工作中的不公正对待的一些方法。
C
Everyne experiences stress at wrk, but hw we cpe with it varies. Feeling that yu’ve been unfairly treated can be particularly stressful. Researchers believe that failure t express feelings abut unfair treatment at wrk culd have serius cnsequences n yur health, especially men, wh bttle up their anger at being unfairly treated at wrk, are up t 5 times mre likely t suffer a heart attack, r even die frm ne, than thse wh let their frustratin （沮丧） shw, a Swedish study has fund.
The study by the Stress Research Institute f Stckhlm University fllwed 2,755 emplyed men wh had nt suffered any heart attacks. At the end f the study, 47 participants had either suffered an attack, r died frm heart disease, and many f thse had been fund t be cvertly cping with unfair treatment at wrk.
“After adjustment fr age, sciecnmic factrs, risk behavirs, jb strain and bilgical risk factrs at baseline, there was a clse-respnse relatinship between cvert cping and the risk f incident death,” the study’s authrs wrte.
Cvert cping was listed as “letting thing pass withut saying anything” and “ging away” despite feelings f being hard dne by clleagues r bsses. Men wh ften used these cping techniques had a tw t five times higher risk f develping heart disease than thse wh were mre cnfrntatinal (对抗性的) at wrk, the study shwed.
The researchers said they culd nt answer the questin f what might be a particularly healthy cping strategy at wrk, but listed pen cping behavir when experiencing unfair treatment r facing a cnflict as “prtesting directly,” “talking t the persn right away,” “yelling at the persn right away” r “speaking t the persn later when things have calmed dwn.” The study was published in the Jurnal f Epidemilgy and Cmmunity Health.
8、The study mainly shws that .
A. wmen are less likely t suffer a heart attack than men
B. mst peple die f heart disease caused by stress
C. cvert cping may result in certain heart truble
D. emplyers shuld treat their wrkers equally
9、Which f the fllwing cntributes t the accuracy f the study?
A. The participants were all emplyed men.
B. The participants tend t bttle up their temper.
C. The participants shuld nt have risk behavirs.
D. The participants had nt a histry f heart attacks.
10、 Accrding t the text, if treated unfairly a cnfrntatinal persn will .
A. just let it be
B. fight back immediately
C. g away silently
D. wrk even harder
11、The last paragraph is intended t tell readers .
A. that the study is fficial
B. what the healthiest cping strategy is
C. what the helpful ways f handling unfair treatment are
D. that cnfrntatin is always beneficial t peple’s heart health
【答案】8、C 9、D 10、B 11、C
【解析】8、c细节理解题。结合文章第二段可知答案：不能正确处理工作中的不公正对待可能会导致某些心脏病。
9. d细节理解题。结合文章第二段可知参与实验的人在实验前没有的心脏病，而结束后或患病或死于心脏病；这点增加了实验的可信度。
10. b推理判断题。结合第四段可知a cnfrntatinal persn是指受到不公正待遇时，不采取“letting thing pass withut saying anything” and “ging away”，而采取反击方式的人。
11. c细节理解题。最后一段主要是列举了些有效处理工作中的不公正对待的一些方法。
D
Between 10,000 and 15,000 years ag, sme humans discntinued their wandering hunting and gathering and settled dwn t farm. Grain was the first dmesticated crp that started that farming prcess.
The ldest prven recrds f brewing are abut 6,000 years ld and refer t the Sumerians. Sumeria lay between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers including Suthern Mesptamia. It is said that the Sumerians discvered the fermentatin (发酵) prcess by chance. N ne knws tday exactly hw this ccurred, but it culd be that a piece f bread r grain became wet and a shrt time later, it began t ferment.
The Sumerians were able t repeat this prcess and are assumed t be the first civilized culture t brew beer. They had discvered a “divine drink” which certainly was a gift frm the gds. The wrd beer cmes frm the Latin wrd bibere, meaning “t drink”, and the Spanish wrd cerveza riginates frm the Greek gddess f agriculture, Ceres.
A vitamin-rich prridge, used daily, beer is reprted t have increased health and lngevity and reduced disease and malnutritin (营养不良). The self-medicating prperties f alchl-rich beer als eased the tensins and stresses f daily living in a hstile wrld. The use f yeast (酵母) was nt yet knwn at that time. The success f the fermentatin prcess was left t chance, as the brewers unknwingly relied n yeast particles in the air.
Cnsiderable scientific research tk place in breweries (酿酒厂) in the 19th century. A famus wrk frm 1876 by Luis Pasteur was Studies Cncerning Beer where he revealed his knwledge f micr-rganisms. By establishing that yeast is a living micrrganism, Pasteur pened the gates fr accurately cntrlling the cnversin (转换) f sugar t alchl.
Anther discvery in beer brewing was the wrk f Christian Hansen, a Danish scientist, wh successfully islated a single yeast cell and induced it t reprduce n an artificial culture medium. With the resulting yeast multiplicatin (繁殖) methds, the purity f the fermenting prcess has been imprved.
12、Accrding t the passage, wh was the first t brew beer?
A. The Greeks.B. Christian Hansen.
C. Luis Pasteur.D. The Sumerians.
13、The last tw paragraphs mainly talk abut .
A. the functin f micr-rganisms
B. the success f the fermentatin prcess
C. tw scientific discveries abut brewing
D. the results f yeast multiplicatin methds
14、Accrding t the text, which f the fllwing is NOT true?
A. Grain was the first crp used t brew beer.
B. There are sme yeast particles in the air.
C. The wrd “beer” riginates frm Latin.
D. Mdern beer cntains mre alchlic.
15、Which wuld be the best title fr the text?
A. The beer culture.B. The histry f beer.
C. The earliest brewery.D. Methds f brewing beer.
【答案】12、D 13、C 14、D 15、B
【解析】12、d细节理解题。结合the ldest prven recrds f brewing are abut 6,000 years ld and refer t the sumerians.可知答案。
13 c细节理解题。结合最后两段的各自的第一句可知答案。
14. d细节理解题。结合第一段可知a项正确；结合第四段the brewers unknwingly relied n yeast particles in the air可知b项正确;结合第3段the wrd beer cmes frm the latin wrd bibere可知c项正确。
15. b文章标题题。结合文章内容可知本文主要介绍了啤酒的历史。