2021届山东省潍坊市高三下学期英语5月模拟考试试卷（三模）及答案

这是一份2021届山东省潍坊市高三下学期英语5月模拟考试试卷（三模）及答案，共11页。试卷主要包含了写作〔共两节，总分值40分〕等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.阅读理解
If yu've ever been enjying takeut snacks, yu can make these with ingredients (配料) fund in grcery stres r even yur wn kitchen,
Hsmaki Sushi
In Japan, Hsmaki Sushi is a sushi rll mainly made with sweet rice and seaweed. The thinner hsmaki are the simpler, smaller versin that are perfect fr practicing. It takes yu little time t practice t rll and yu will have fun making them at hme.
Prep: 20 mins Ck: 0 mins Ttal: 20 mins
Tac Bell Crunch wrap Supreme
This is ne f America's favrite fast-fd g-t's. Yu can stuff it with whatever strikes yur fancy. S it is als great fr vegetarians because beef can be replaced with black beans r fruits.
Prep: 15 mins Ck: 30 mins Ttal: 45 mins
Pumpkin (南瓜) Spice Latte
The first versin f this drink cntained spices (香料), but n actual pumpkin until 2021. Its great ppularity has meant that it's being served at the end f August, far ahead f regular pumpkin seasn. But fr thse wh eagerly await the drink each year, there's even better news: the pumpkin spice latte is actually quite easy t make at hme at a far mre affrdable price.
Prep: 10 mins Ck: 5 mins Ttal: 15 mins
BBQ Chicken Pizza
It is s delicius that it is wrthwhile t make frm the very beginning. This pizza is a great way t use up leftver prk r barbecue chicken. A sweeter sauce will give yu the mre traditinal barbecue sauce taste.
Prep: 20 mins Ck: 20 mins Ttal： 40 mins
〔1〕Which snack is available withut cking?
A.Hsmaki Sushi.
B.Tac Bell Crunch wrap Supreme.
C.Pumpkin Spice Latte.
D.BBQ Chicken Pizza.
〔2〕What distinguishes BBQ Chicken Pizza frm thers?
A.It is the mst ppular fast fd.
B.Its prducing cst is fairly high.
C.Its ingredients must cntain meat.
D.It takes the mst time t prepare.
〔3〕Wh is the text intended fr?
A.Chefs.
B.Vegetarians.
C.Barbecue lvers.
D.Snack enthusiasts.
2.阅读理解
Of the estimated 2, 224 passengers and crew abard the Titanic when it struck an iceberg and sank n April 15, 1912, a mere 700 peple lived n. Here is ne stry f the Titanic survivrs whse stries are still haunting mre than a century after the ship's sinking, revealing the true facts f the disaster.
A junir wireless fficer abard the Titanic, Harld Bride was ne f the tw peple respnsible fr sending SOS messages t nearby ships, thus allwing the Carpathian t rescue the Titanic survivrs.
He and anther man n duty, Jack Phillips, raced t send SOS signals t nearby ships－but as the cmmunicatins specialists, they knew that the clsest, the Carpathian, wuld likely nt arrive until alter the Titanic sank. They wrked wildly until Captain Edward Smith came and tld them they were relieved f duty；the ship had nearly lst pwer, and nly tw lifebats remained.
They made a run fr Cllapsible B and were just getting it int the water when a wave swept acrss the deck (甲板), thrwing bth Harld Bride and the upturned bat int the cean.
Bride and 15 thers struggled nt the waterlgged, sinking Cllapsible B and survived until ther lifebats cllected them and cnveyed them t the Carpathian.
Once abard the Carpathian, Bride gt back t wrk and began helping the ship's wireless fficer send messages frm the ther Titanic survivrs.
When the Carpathian made land, Bride had t be carried ashre: he had injured ne ft in the plunge int the cean, and the ther was frstbitten after a night in the Atlantic's icy waters.
〔1〕Which can replace the underlined wrd "haunting" in paragraph 1 ?
〔2〕What was Bride's jb n the Titanic during the accident?
A.Rescuing the Titanic survivrs.
B.Investigating the prblems f the Titanic.
C.Sending signals t ships arund fr help.
D.Receiving SOS signals frm nearby ships.
〔3〕What happened t Bride after he was dismissed frm his duty?
A.He stayed there t cntinue his wrk.
B.He escaped in a lifebat immediately.
C.He turned ff the pwer f the Titanic.
D.He was washed int the sea by a wave.
〔4〕Which f the fllwing best describes Bride?
A.Respnsible and helpful.
B.Intelligent and brave.
C.Tugh and ambitius.
D.Cnsiderate and humble.
3.阅读理解
Thunderstrms ften shw up uninvited t Carnival (狂欢节) in Brazil. This year's attempt t influence the skies tk place in Sa Pabl by a party's fficial spnsr, Skal, a Brazilian beer brand. "The fun stps when it rains," says Pedr Ada my, Skal's marketing directr. S d beer sales.
An airplane painted with Skal's lg sprayed (喷洒) water drplets int cluds t make rain fall befre the cluds reached the city. Accrding t its YuTube vide that has been viewed 12 millin times, it is a "missin wrthy f science fictin".
Whether it's science r fictin is up fr debate. The use f clud-seeding t increase rainfall dates back t the 1940s. But the United States gvernment stpped funding it in the 1980s due t a lack f" scientific prf f the effectiveness f intentinal weather change", accrding t the Natinal Research Cuncil. A new paper based n experiments in Idah fund that seeding cluds with silver idide increased snwfall n three ccasins, but the authrs say that mre research is needed t find ut if it can reliably prmte precipitatin (降水), Pabl Tartar, a Brazilian physicist, says flatly that clud-seeding is "useless".
Still, gvernments and firms in many cuntries use the technlgy. Sa Pabl's water cmpany has signed millin dllar cntracts with MdClima t bring rain, mst recently during a drught in 2021-15. Althugh clud-seeding nrmally uses a chemical such as silver idide t prvide a surface arund which water r ice drplets frm, MdClima says it has invented an "experimental" methd that uses water alne.
Carnival-gers cheered when the first tw days were cludy but dry. Many shared Skl's vide. But at arund 5pm n February 24th, the sky darkened and rain pured dwn. Celebrants at ne blck party left the Skl stands and rushed t buy umbrellas and plastic rain capes.
〔1〕Why did Skl supprt clud-seeding?
A.T increase rainfall.
B.T prmte its beer sales.
C.T prvide evidence fr a research.
D.T highlight the theme f the Carnival.
〔2〕Which is Artax's attitude tward clud-seeding?
A.Objective.
B.Dubtful.
C.Cnservative.
D.Negative.
〔3〕Why was the US gvernment n lnger in favr f clud-seeding?
A.Its utcme culdn't be prved.
B.It wrked in limited situatins.
C.It needed mre field researches.
D.It used an un-ecfriendly chemical.
〔4〕What is the best title f the text?
A.Culd rain ruin fun?
B.Hw d we change weather?
C.Culd we rely n intentinal rain?
D.Hw d we avid clud-seeding pllutin?
4.阅读理解
Clin Chapman, the funder f Ltus Cars, was ne f mtr racing's mst influential engineers. He summed up his philsphy as "simplify, then add lightness". A simple, featherweight car might be slwer n the straights than a beefy muscle-machine, he reasned. But it wuld be faster everywhere else. Between 1962 and 1978 Ltus wn seven Frmula One cnstructrs champinships.
It appears t be an uncmmn insight since humans always struggle with subtractive thinking. When asked t imprve smething, they tend t suggest adding new things rather than remving sme, even when additins lead t nt satisfying results. In ne study cnducted by Gabrielle Adams, alng with clleagues at the University f Virginia, participants were asked t change a pattern n a grid (网格) f clured squares t make it balanced. Althugh that culd be dne equally well by adding new squares r by deleting existing nes, 78% chse the additive ptin.
But why peple frget that less is ften mre? One experiment asked participants t redesign an unbalanced Leg structure s that it culd supprt a huse-brick. Participants culd earn a dllar fr fixing the prblem, but each piece f Leg they added cut that reward by ten cents. Even then, nly 41% wrked ut that simplifying the structure by remving a single blck, rather than cmplicating it by adding mre, was the way t maximise the payut. Practice imprved peple's chances f sptting subtractive slutins, suggesting that many were simply nt thinking f the pssibility, at least at first.
What all this amunts t is evidence fr " additive thinking" entering the list f" cgnitive biases" (认知偏差). The 2002 Nbel Memrial Prize in Ecnmic Sciences was awarded fr demnstrating that humans are nt thinking lgically as ecnmists d. Instead f thinking a prblem thrugh and cming up with an ideal slutin, they tend t use cgnitive shrtcuts that are fast and—mstly—"gd enugh".
〔1〕Why is Chapman's case mentined in paragraph 1 ?
A.T prve his philsphy.
B.T intrduce the tpic.
C.T supprt the argument.
D.T prvide an example.
〔2〕What were the participants asked t d in Adams's study?
A.T balance a pattern.
B.T plus new squares.
C.T delete riginal squares.
D.T change a pattern's clur.
〔3〕What can we knw abut subtractive thinking frm paragraph 3?
A.It can make things mre cmplex.
B.It is a shrtcut t gaining a frtune.
C.It can be facilitated thrugh practice.
D.It is a cmmn way t tackle prblems.
〔4〕What des the authr try t cnvey thrugh the text?
A.Less is ften mre.
B.Think less and act mre.
C.Additive thinking is a shrtcut.
D.Ecnmists think mre lgically.
二、任务型阅读〔共5小题；每题2.5分，总分值〕
5.阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。
We all d little things t bst the way we feel and think thrughut the day, Smething as simple as taking a walk r eating a piece f chclate can brighten yur md almst instantly, thanks t certain chemical reactins that ccur in the brain. ________If yu're ging thrugh smething cmplex, yu need a mre permanent practice. That's where writing cmes in.
As Mental Health Awareness Mnth begins, it's wrth learning abut the ways that yu can use writing t supprt yur mental well-being. ________
Use writing fr mindfulness. Mindfulness is a tried-and-true technique fr imprving mental wellness, but can writing have the same effect? ________ By fcusing n a particular mment and getting it all ut there n the page, yu can free yurself frm any f the ther cncerns that are crwding yur mind. This way, yu can use writing as an apprach t mindfulness and as a way f relieving stress.
Anther benefit t writing is its ability t clear yur mind f wrries, negative thughts? r surces f pain. ________ Frtunately, writing can speed up the prcess f restring mental clarity.
________Peple were mre likely t talk t thers abut a painful event after writing abut it privately, which pwerfully suggests that writing can indirectly lead t reaching ut fr supprt, which can mean even greater healing and relief.
Thrugh the prcess f ppulating a blank page with letters and wrds, writing can be a useful mental health tl that bth recrds yur experiences and allws yu t wrk thrugh them.
A. Becme mre self-aware.
B. These pleasures are just temprary, hwever.
C. There's real pwer behind the pen—here, s why.
D. Writing is als the best methd f self-care treatment.
E. Clearing yur brain f negative thughts can be really tugh wrk.
F. Actually, the act f writing fr a mere 20 minutes each day can wrk.
G. This is because writing tends t stimulate questins abut yur life and directin-
三、〔共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分〕
6.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填烂白处的最正确选项。
It was a small graduatin party. Only Ed, Max, Raul and I were there. All three men, each ver the age f fifty, had achieved a 1 in their lives. They culd 2 .
Overcming decades f 3 and a lifetime f cvering up their illiteracy, these three men had signed up fr a free three-mnth curse, taught by me.
"I take the bus every day t wrk," said Ed. "Have dne fr ver thirty years. Just yesterday I 4 what the wrds' Emergency Exit' mean." Max reprted that he was 5 t understand much f Mnday's newspaper sprts article n his belved Dallas Cwbys.
6 , his break time was spent 7 t read in the hpe his c-wrkers wuld never discver his shameful secret. As ur final night came t a clse, Raul tk my hand between his rugh nes:" Yu gave me a 8 Yu gave me a new life. "
Being s yung, I did nt grasp the full 9 f his simple statement until my wn gray hairs appeared, a〔an〕 10 dwnturn rbbed me f my wrk and incme security. Nw I'm the 11 f my frmer pupils and my future needs a 12 buttn. I realize that limiting my destiny 〔命运〕because f my age r my lack f skills is 13 A future with many wnderful pprtunities culd belng t me as lng as I have the curage t 14 it ut and wrk fr it.
Like Ed, Max and Raul, I am determined t make a new life fr myself. They 15 me well.
四、语法填空〔共10小题；每题1. 5分，总分值15分〕
7.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The UNESCO Glbal Ge park (地质公园) cnsists f six lcal cmmunities, each with their wn featured ________(attractin) ranging frm mini farms t gelgical gardens. These cmmunities were lking fr ways t develp sustainable geturism in this rural area.
Very recently, the Ge park acquired an ________(abandn) church building and will transfrm it int a new Ge park Centre________ will serve nt nly as a cmmunity and visitr centre, but als ffer a range f services and facilities. It is intended that such services and. facilities will cntribute t the lng term ________(finance) sustainability f the Ge park and create sustainable emplyment pprtunities.
As an utdr labratry fr lcal schls, the Ge park fcuses n________fun, interactive, discvery learning style, aiming t build pride in the cmmunities. They als wrk with universities________adult educatin centers cvering a wide range f subjects including lcal gelgy, archaelgy and architecture. The gelgical garden serves________(explain) key events in the earth's histry (creature evlutin, climate change, plate structure thery etc.), and ________(be) a ppular picnic spt. They use kite phtgraphy, gephysical surveys and seismmeters 〔地震仪〕t make learning ________( excite). The new Ge park Centre ________(annual) prvides hands-n learning as well as specialist talks and demnstratins.
五、写作〔共两节，总分值40分〕
8.假定你是李华，随着“祝融号〞探测器〔Zhurng rver〕成功着陆火星，你校决定举行关于火星的科技讲座。请给来自新西兰的留学生朋友Jhn写一封邮件。内容包括：
1〕讲座的时间和地点；
2〕讲座的目的和主要内容；
3〕发出邀请。
注意：
1〕写作词数应为80左右；
2〕请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
9.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One mrning n my way t schl, nticed an elderly wman dressed in a yellw vest (马甲)carrying a garbage bag and ne f thse rubbish claws (爪形器具). "What's that lady ding?" I asked mum. "Vest Lady. She just picks up rubbish arund here fr fun," mum said. "Why wuld smene think picking up rubbish lking like a cnstructin wrker is fun?" I puzzled.
Fr several years I'd witness this mysterius Vest Lady—rain r shine — n my way t schl. I had thught she was crazy fr picking up rubbish. Eventually I smiled and waved at her each time I saw her. Later, I mved t high schl. The time I saw rubbish here and there I felt really annyed. Then I'd think, "Why isn't anyne picking up this rubbish? Peple are s incnsiderate I" Hwever, shrtly after, I realized picking up the rubbish was nt smene ease's prblem.
Nw I culdn't walk past litter withut feeling guilty. I vlunteered t clean up rubbish arund ur schl. Strange as it might sund, picking up litter was kind f a thrill fr me! In fact, I was s determined that fr my 17th birthday I bught myself a rubbish claw, reusable glves and a reflective safety yellw vest with my wn name n it.
During my first attempt in my stylish equipment, met with unfriendly lks frm thers as if I were a criminal ding cmmunity service. One day, I had an epiphany (顿悟):"I'm acting just like Vest Lady!"
But there was t much rubbish arund, cigarette ends littered abut, cans rlling n the street, pieces f paper hidden in the grass and plastic. alne was t weak J Hw wuld I get mre vlunteers invlved in rubbish remval? A smart idea flashed int my mind.
注意：
1〕续写词数应为150左右；
2〕请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
答案解析局部
一、阅读理解〔共15小题；每题2.5分，总分值〕
1.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几款可以用杂货店甚至自己厨房里的食材来做的零食。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读你，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
2.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个泰坦尼克号幸存者的故事。他是泰坦尼克号上的一名初级无线电电报员，在事故中他尽职尽责、乐于助人，并且幸存了下来。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜想和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
3.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，通过讲述巴西啤酒品牌Skal试图通过云种散播来影响天空，从而促进它的啤酒销售的故事和引用人们对云种散播的观点等方式来讨论云种散播是否有用。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，观点态度和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者对减法思维的概念进行了解释，并指出很多人都缺少减法思维，并分析了其中的原因，指出勤加练习可以培养减法思维，阐述了“少即是多〞的理念。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
二、任务型阅读〔共5小题；每题2.5分，总分值〕
5.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者认为写作可以改善心理健康，并说明了原因。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的根底上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
三、〔共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分〕
6.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者年轻时教会了三个年过五十的人识字，他们说作者给了他们新的生命。作者当时没有完全明白。到作者年老时，由于经济衰退失去了工作和收入来源，这时他才明白因为年龄或技能的缺乏而限制自己的命运是愚蠢的，他决心为自己开创新的生活。
【点评】考查完形填空，此题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词， 固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
四、语法填空〔共10小题；每题1. 5分，总分值15分〕
7.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，最近，地质公园收购了一座废弃的教堂建筑，并将其改造成一个新的地质公园中心，不仅作为社区和游客中心，还提供一系列的效劳和设施。作者对此进行了介绍。
【点评】考查语法填空，此题考点涉及名称，非谓语动词，定语从句，形容词，冠词，连词，主谓一致，形容词，副词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
五、写作〔共两节，总分值40分〕
8.【解析】【分析】此题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给来自新西兰的留学生朋友Jhn写一封邮件。写作背景：随着“祝融号〞探测器〔Zhurng rver〕成功着陆火星，你校决定举行关于火星的科技讲座。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1〕讲座的时间和地点；2〕讲座的目的和主要内容；3〕发出邀请。提示中的内容比拟泛泛，需要适当补充。此题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：As yu knw, China's Zhurng rver successfully landed n Mars last week, which has inspired us students greatly. 运用了非限制性定语从句；In rder t meet ur passin fr Mars, ur schl has decided t hld a Sci-Tech lecture.运用了不定式作目的状语；The activity is scheduled in the schl Lecture Hall frm 9 t 11 next Sunday mrning. 运用了被动语态；If it interests yu, cme and jin us.运用了条件状语从句，祈使句。
9.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。讲述了作者受到“马甲女士〞的影响自己也开始穿着反光黄色平安背心捡垃圾，但是作者很快意识到一个人的力量是不够的，于是作者想到创立网站来号召更多的志愿者参加到去除垃圾的行动中来，获得了巨大的成功。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“很快我就创立了自己的网站g. picking up. cm。〞可知，第一段可描写作者如何通过网站来号召更多的志愿者参加到去除垃圾的行动中来。②由第二段首句内容“越来越多的人穿上印有自己名字的背心。〞可知，第二段可描写很多志愿者参加去除垃圾的行动，环境得到了很大改善，人们的环保意识也得到了提高。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动饱满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，表达了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：I psted pictures f rubbish littered abut n the website, which culd nt nly illustrate the severe situatin but als shw that a large number f vlunteers were in great need.运用了非限制性定语从句，宾语从句； Besides, I shared the stry f Vest Lady wh influenced me s much. 运用了限制性定语从句；What delighted me mst was that peple's awareness f envirnmental prtectin was imprved. 运用了主语从句，表语从句；Thanks t Vest Lady wh rted the sense f envirnmental prtectin in my mind, mre peple became Vest Lady运用了限制性定语从句。1. A. first
B. medal
C. career
D. prize
2. A. wrk
B. survive
C. read
D. drive
3. A. srrw
B. depressin
C. threat
D. embarrassment
4. A. heard abut
B. lked thrugh
C. put frward
D. figured ut
5. A. likely
B. able
C. cautius
D. eager
6. A. Ultimately
B. Lately
C. Previusly
D. Gradually
7. A. learning
B. cntinuing
C. managing
D. pretending
8. A. future
B. chice
C. break
D. lessn
9. A. purpse
B. wisdm
C. cmment
D. backgrund
10. A. educatinal
B. scientific
C. physical
D. ecnmic
11. A. age
B. example
C. image
D. guide
12. A. new
B. restart
C. special
D. play
13. A. crucial
B. reasnable
C. flish
D. annying
14. A. seek
B. let
C. bring
D. carry
15. A. trained
B. taught
C. clned
D. cntrlled
Dear Jhn,
Hpe t see yu n the big day.
Yurs sincerely,
……
Li Hua
Sn I created my website g. picking up. cm.
……
Mre and mre peple put n vests with their wn names.