2022届高考英语一轮复习 语法练 第5练 形容词和副词（解析版）

这是一份2022届高考英语一轮复习 语法练 第5练 形容词和副词（解析版），共9页。试卷主要包含了形容词、副词的比较等级，形容词和副词间的辨析等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.形容词、副词的比较等级
2.形容词、副词的转化以及与其他词类间的转换
3.形容词和副词间的辨析
基础巩固
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．There were many peple waiting there，and sme f them lked anxius and disappinted(disappint)．
2．The articles are intended fr yunger readers，but adults will find this site suitable(suit) fr them as well.
3．We have dne half the wrk s far.Hpefully(hpeful)，we will have finished it by December.
4．Yesterday his health tk a turn fr the wrse(bad)，which wrried his parents a lt.
5．The by std up and accepted the prize, surprised(surprise) but very happy.
6．As the last name became widely(wide) accepted，the first letter was capitalized.
7．Yu haven’t changed at all—yu still lk exactly(exact) the same as befre.
8．The harder(hard) yu try t beat him，the mre likely yu’ll get hit.
9．Factries have becme cleaner as stricter(strict) envirnment pllutin laws have been intrduced.
10．He said the nvel was very interesting and it was well(gd) wrth reading.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
11．I was in the kitchen with my children when we heard a nise.A few minutes eq \f(late,later)，ur huse fell dwn.
12．In additin，the Internet makes surveying and vting easy and eq \f(cnvenience,cnvenient)，regardless f time and space.
13.eq \f(Unlucky,Unluckily)，she had t give up her jb and return t her cuntry with her parents.
14．She is very s ppular in the schl that many teachers als like t interact with her.
15．His gentle vice did wnders and I decided t study harder and cmplete my graduatin eq \f(early,earlier).
16．This is the mst beautiful park.I have never seen a eq \f(best,better) ne befre.
在语法填空中
1．根据句子意思判断空格处要填的词在句子中作什么成分。
下列情况常填形容词：(1)用来修饰名词；(2)位于系动词后作表语；(3)作宾补；(4)表示主语的状态。
如果用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，则填副词。
2．如果空格后有表示比较的提示词than，则填形容词或副词的比较级；如果有表示比较范围的in/f短语、定语从句，则填形容词或副词的最高级。另外，还要注意使用比较级的固定句式，如“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”等。
在短文改错中
常考查形容词和副词的误用。
1．作表语时除了地点副词外均用形容词；作定语时，若前置则用形容词，如果后置则可能用地点副词或形容词短语；作状语时除了有少数几个能表示主语情况的形容词外，一般用副词。
2．如果有“in＋范围”或“f＋范围”来限定范围，要用最高级形式。
3．注意一些固定句型。如“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”；“can’”等。
4．注意一些习惯用法，确定形容词或副词的形式。如what’s mre/wrse，sner r later等。
能力提升
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Which cuntry can yu travel t in 2020 that will allw yu t g fr lnger，enjy a higher standard，and save mre mney? The fllwing destinatins ffer accmmdatin，transprtatin，and fd fr less.
Kyrgyzstan，$25/day
Kyrgyzstan is the chice fr mst travelers interested in trying ut Central Asia，and mst well­suited t travelers f all budgets.Fd is cheap，s is getting arund using the minibuses.Yu can find hstels and lcal hme stays fr less than $10.Meals cst $4－$8 per day.
Rmania，$33/day
If yu are planning a Eurpean trip that’s affrdable and a little bit ff the beaten path，Rmania is perfect fr yu.Unlike ther ppular places，many charming twns here remain unknwn t mst freigners.Yu can als take free walking turs in the numerus histrical sites.Hstels run $10－$15 per night，fd is hearty and delicius，and the public transprtatin is reliable and affrdable.Meals cst $10－$15 per day.
Arizna & Utah，$55/day
Fr an American Suthwest rad trip，yu’ll spend an average f $110/day when yu are sl.If yu have just ne ther persn，yu’d be able t split the csts almst perfectly in half.If yu have tw ther peple alng，take it dwn t ne third and s n.The mre the merrier.
Suth Africa，$40/day
Any hstels in Suth Africa are in beautiful settings and each has a unique persnality，and affrdable t.Fd can get expensive.T save mney，ck yur wn fd.Grcery stres are plentiful and have reasnable prices.By at least cking yur wn breakfast，yu can save a lt f mney.The best (and pssibly cheapest) way t get arund the cuntry is t rent a car and share with 3 ther peple.Meals cst $12－$15 per day.
eq \x( 语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个经济实惠的旅游目的地。)
1．What makes Rmania different frm the ther places?
A．Nice hstels.
B．Delicius fd.
C．Less­visited twns.
D．Cheap transprtatin.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据Rmania部分中的第二句“Unlike ther ppular places，many charming twns here remain unknwn t mst freigners.”可知，罗马尼亚的许多迷人城镇对大多数外国人来说仍然是陌生的。由此可推知选C。
2．What may the authr recmmend fr travelling in Suth Africa?
A．Drive yur wn cars.
B．Ck yur wn lunches.
C．Stay in excellent htels.
D．Find unique travel partners.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据Suth Africa部分中的第三句“T save mney，ck yur wn fd.”可知，在南非为了省钱，可以自己做饭。故选B。
3．What feature d the fur destinatins share?
A．They’re famus fr histrical places.
B．They’re the best places fr travelling.
C．They have cnvenient public transprtatin.
D．They’re gd travel chices fr saving mney.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，本文主要介绍了几个省钱的旅游目的地。故选D。
B
Rainbw­clured rubbish is the clurful waste created by a Swedish city with a unique recycling system.Like many cities in Sweden，Eskilstuna has an impressive recycling recrd.It met the EU’s 2020 target f recycling 50% f waste many years ag.But almst everyne wh lives here fllws a strict recycling plicy at hme.Peple are expected t srt their husehld waste int seven separate categries，including fd，textiles，cartns and metal.But what really makes the system stand ut is the bright clur cde.
The reasn fr this becmes clear at the city’s recycling plant.The bags arrive all jumbled up because they’re cllected altgether，nce a frtnight frm utside peple’s huses.But thanks t thse bright clurs，scanners can select the bags and separate them efficiently.The fd waste in green bags is prcessed n site int slurry(浆) t make bigas，which pwers the city’s buses.One f the benefits f this methd f recycling is that there is less crss­pllutin，s mre f the recycled waste can actually be used t make new things.
Like the rest f Sweden，Eskilstuna is cmmitted t sending zer waste frm its citizens t landfill(垃圾填埋场)．Waste that cannt be recycled is incinerated at a lcal plant t generate electricity.This reduces reliance n fssil fuels，but des create greenhuse gases.As cuntries arund the wrld try t imprve their recycling rates，sme may lk t Eskilstuna as an example t fllw—as lng as they think they can persuade their citizens t get busy srting waste at hme.
4．Hw d peple deal with their husehld waste in Eskilstuna?
A．Srting and putting it in clurful bags.
B．Dyeing it with different clurs.
C．Prcessing and recycling it at hme.
D．Srting and taking it ut every week.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Peple are expected t srt their husehld waste the bright clur cde.”和第二段的“scanners can select the bags”“in green bags”可知，在埃斯基尔斯蒂纳，人们会把生活垃圾分类，装在不同颜色的袋子里。
5．What is the advantage f the bright clur cde?
A．It avids crss­pllutin entirely.
B．The waste can be stred in a fixed site.
C．It’s easier t classify the bags f rubbish.
D．The city takes n a clurful lk.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段的“But thanks t thse bright clurs，scanners can select the bags and separate them efficiently.”可知，由于垃圾袋鲜艳的颜色，扫描仪可以高效地把它们挑拣并分离开来。
6．What des the underlined wrd “incinerated” mean in the last paragraph?
A．Burnt. B．Brken.
C．Reused. D．Washed.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“at a lcal plant t generate electricity.This reduces reliance n fssil fuels，but des create greenhuse gases”可知，不能回收的垃圾会在当地的一家工厂被处理并用于发电，这减少了对化石燃料的依赖，但也产生了温室气体，故这一处理方式应为焚烧。incinerate“将……烧成灰烬，烧毁”，与A项词义接近。
7．Which f the fllwing is the best title f the text?
A．Tips n Srting f Husehld Waste
B．A Swedish City’s Recycling Effrts
C．A Unique Waste Recycling Plan
D．A New Plicy n Cnservatin
答案 B
解析 标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了瑞典城市埃斯基尔斯蒂纳在废物回收方面所做的种种努力：执行严格的回收政策、焚烧不能回收的垃圾来发电等，故B项最适合作本文标题。
Ⅳ.完形填空
“Will yu give my kite a lift？” said my little 1 t his sister.Lucy very kindly tk it up and threw it int the air，but，her brther 2 t run ff at the same mment，the kite fell dwn again.
“It was yur 3 entirely，” said his sister.“Try again，children，” I said.
They 4 ，and with mre care，but 5 again.“There are t many trees here；let us find a mre 6 space，and then try again，” I said.
We sn 7 a fine，pen space.I tssed(抛) the kite up just as little Jhn ran ff.It rse；but Jhn， 8 t find it pulling s hard at the string，stpped shrt t lk upward and 9 the flying kite.And，the wind nt being very 10 ，dwn came the kite t the grass.“Oh Jhn，yu shuld nt have 11 ，” I said.“Hwever，try again.”
“I wn’t try anymre，” he replied.“It is useless，yu see.I dn’t want t be 12 with it any lnger.”
“Oh，my little man！Wuld yu 13 the sprt，after all the 14 we have taken bth t make and t fly the kite？A few 15 ught nt t discurage us.Cme n！I have wund up yur string，and nw try again.”
And he did try，and 16 .When the string was all ut，Jhn std in great delight.“Lk，lk，Aunt；hw high it flies！”
After enjying the sight as 17 as he wished，little Jhn began t rll up the string slwly.“Shall we cme ut tmrrw，Aunt，and try again？”
“Yes，my dear，if the 18 is fine.And nw，perhaps yu have learned the value f 19 frm yur mrning’s sprt.I wish yu TRY AGAIN 20 yu fail in yur attempts t d any gd thing.”
eq \x(语篇解读 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者和侄子侄女一起放风筝的故事。)
1．A.sn B．nephew
C．brther D．cusin
答案 B
解析 根据下文Jhn称呼作者为Aunt可知选nephew“侄子”。
2．A.frgetting B．beginning
C．waiting D．preparing
答案 A
解析 后半句说风筝又落了下来，从此处情节来看，是Lucy往上抛风筝的同时，Jhn忘了跑起来。frget“忘记”符合语境。
3．A.duty B．fault
C．jb D．turn
答案 B
解析 Lucy说风筝没有飞起来，完全是弟弟的错，因为他没有跑。fault“错误”符合语境。
4．A.were B．wuld
C．culd D．did
答案 D
解析 这里用did代替第二段作者讲的“Try again”这句话中try的过去式tried。
5．A.quarreled B．hurried
C．failed D．stpped
答案 C
解析 由下文“我”提议换个地方和鼓励他们“try again”可知，尽管两个孩子更加小心，但还是失败了。
6．A.near B．quiet
C．clean D．pen
答案 D
解析 由下一段首句中的“a fine，pen space”可知选D项，是找个更开阔的地方。
7．A.fund B．crssed
C．left D．chse
答案 A
解析 由上段末的“ us find a mre space...”中的find可知选A项。
8．A.wrried B．amazed
C．delighted D．determined
答案 C
解析 几经失败之后，风筝飞起来了，而且风筝还把线扯得很紧，Jhn当然非常开心，故C项正确。
9．A.bserved B．admired
C．pulled D．waved
答案 B
解析 Jhn看到风筝把线扯得很紧，所以停了一会儿，抬头欣赏飞翔的风筝，故B项符合语境。
10．A.warm B．strng
C．light D．immediate
答案 B
解析 造成“dwn came the kite t the grass”这个结果的原因，一是Jhn停下来看，没有跑，二是风不够大，故选B项。
11．A.watched B．changed
C．thrwn D．stpped
答案 D
解析 由上文的“ shrt t lk upward...”可知，“我”对Jhn说不应该停下来，故D项符合语境。
12．A.strict B．interested
C．tired D．pleased
答案 C
解析 根据上文可知，放风筝失败了很多次，这次又掉了下来，Jhn有些泄气，他不想再让自己白受累，故选C项。
13．A.give up B．put up
C．break up D．cut up
答案 A
解析 由上文中Jhn说“I wn’t try anymre...”可知，他想放弃放风筝了。give up“放弃”符合语境。
14．A.pains B．times
C．decisins D．gains
答案 A
解析 由空后面的“t make and t fly the kite”可知，他们从做风筝到放风筝，已经付出了不少的辛劳与努力，故用pains。
15．A.wrds B．disappintments
C．dangers D．jkes
答案 B
解析 这里表示“几次失望不应使我们泄气”。disappintment令人失望的事物。
16．A.ran B．smiled
C．succeeded D．struggled
答案 C
解析 根据下文的“hw high it flies”可知，这次成功了，故选C项。
17．A.lng B．much
C．freely D．highly
答案 A
解析 风筝飞起来后，Jhn玩了个够，最后由他自己慢慢地将线收起来，故用lng，指玩的时间够长。
18．A.space B．kite
C．string D．weather
答案 D
解析 因为是在室外放风筝，因此要看明天的天气好不好，故选D项。
19．A.lve B．ptimism
C．perseverance D．hnesty
答案 C
解析 “try again”是贯穿全文的主线，激励孩子在遭遇失败时，要勇于尝试。perseverance“坚持不懈”符合语境。
20．A.whichever B．whenever
C．whatever D．hwever
答案 B
解析 无论什么时候，当你试图做的好事没有做成时，一定要再试一次。

Ⅰ.高频词汇积累
1．standard n．标准 adj.标准的；通常的
2．destinatin n．目的地
3．accmmdatin n．住处，办公处；住宿
4．budget n．预算 v．把……编入预算
5．rent v．租用；出租 n．租金
6．rubbish n．垃圾
7．unique adj.独特的；稀罕的
8．target n．目标；指标；靶子
9．cde n．代码；密码
10．generate vt.产生
Ⅱ.长难句分析
One f the benefits f this methd f recycling is that there is less crss­pllutin，s mre f the recycled waste can actually be used t make new things.
[句式分析] 本句为并列复合句。s是并列连词，前面的句子中的that引导表语从句，后面的句子中的recycled为过去分词作定语，修饰waste。
[自主翻译] 这种回收方法的好处之一是交叉污染更少，因此更多的回收废物实际上能被用来制造新东西。
[仿写运用] 他的建议是我们马上出发。
His advice is that we shuld set ff at nce.语篇解读 本文属于说明文。文章主要介绍了瑞典城市埃斯基尔斯蒂纳在垃圾回收时将不同类别的垃圾用不同颜色的垃圾袋收纳的独特之举，同时分析了此种举措存在的优势。