基数词 序数词 介词 讲解与练习

这是一份基数词 序数词 介词 讲解与练习，共20页。主要包含了目的介词，比较介词，伴随/状态介词等内容，欢迎下载使用。

基数词 序数词
0 zer
1 ne first/1st 第一
2 tw secnd/2nd 第二
3 three third/3rd 第三
4 fur furth/4th 第四
5 five fifth/5th 第五
6 six sixth/6th 第六
7 seven seventh/7th 第七
8 eight eighth/8th 第八
9 nine ninth/9th 第九
10 ten tenth/10th 第十
11 eleven eleventh/11th 第十一
12 twelve twelfth/12th 第十二
13 thirteen thirteenth/13th 第十三
14 furteen furteenth/14th 第十四
15 fifteen fifteenth/15th 第十五
16 sixteen sixteenth/16th 第十六
17 seventeen seventeenth/17th 第十七
18 eighteen eighteenth/18th 第十八
19 nineteen nineteenth/19th 第十九
20 twenty twentieth/20th 第二十
21 Twenty-ne twenty-first/21st 第二十一
22 Twenty-tw twenty-secnd/22nd 第二十二
23 Twenty-three twenty-third/23rd 第二十三
30 thirty thirtieth/30th 第三十
40 frty frtieth/40th 第四十
50 fifty fiftieth/50th 第五十
60 sixty sixtieth/60th 第六十
70 seventy seventieth/70th 第七十
80 eighty eightieth/80th 第八十
90 ninety ninetieth/90th 第九十
100 hundred hundredth/100th 第一百
基数词变序数词变化规则
基变序，有规律，
词尾—th加上去；
1，2，3，特殊记；
词尾字母t,d,d (first, secnd, third )
8少t, 9减e；（eight --- eighth nine—ninth）
ve要用f 替；（five ---fifth twelve--- twelfth）
见y 变成 i和e ，
再加 th 莫忘记；（twenty -- twentieth）
若要遇到几十几，
只变个位就可以。（frty –fur ----- frty –futh）
介词：
1、介词的主要用法：
介词是一种虚词,不能独立使用。介词之后一般有名词或代词(宾格)或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语,即构成介词短语。有些介词是由两个以上的词构成的短语介词,如：ut f(从…中出来), away frm(距离…), next t(在…隔壁), in frnt f(在…前方)等。
2、介词的分类表： (见下表)
地点(位置、范围)介词： after在…后面, at在…处, befre在...前, behind在...后, beside在...旁边, between在...之间, frm来自..., in在...里面, near靠近..., n在...上面, utside在外面, under在...下方, in frnt f在...前, in the middle f在...的中间, at the back f在...的后部,等等。
方向(目标趋向)介词： alng沿着..., arund绕着..., at朝着..., dwn向…下, fr向..., frm从/离..., in进入..., int进入..., near接近..., ff脱离/除..., ut f向...外, utside向外, t向/朝..., up向...上, away frm远离...
时间介词：abut大约..., after在…以后, at在… (时刻), befre在…以前, fr有…(之久), frm从…(时)起, in在(上/下午); n在(某日), past过了…(时), t到(下一时刻),
方式介词：as作为/当作..., by用/由/乘坐/被..., in用…(语言), like与…一样, n骑(车)/徒(步), with用(材料),用(手/脚/耳/眼),
涉及介词: abut关于..., in在…(方面), f…的,有关..., t对…而言, with就…而言
其它介词:
【目的介词】 fr为了..., t为了…
【比较介词】 as与…一样,like象…一样,than比...,t与…相比少,
【伴随/状态介词】 at在(上班/休息/上学/家,etc.),in穿着…(衣服/颜色), n在(值日), with与…一起,有/带着/长着...
3、介词短语的句法作用：
介词短语相当于一个形容词或副词,可用作状语、定语和表语。如：The man came .(状)(那个人走下楼来)/The wman is frm the cuntryside.(定)(头上戴花的妇女来自乡下)/The teacher is nw with the students.(表)(老师现在和学生在一起)
4、介词短语在句子中的位置：
介词短语做状语时,如果表示时间/地点,可以放在句首或句尾,如果表示方向/方式/伴随/涉及/原因/目的/比较,一般放在句尾；介词短语作表语时放在连系动词之后；介词短语作定语时,只能放在被修饰的名词之后。如：He wanted t find a gd jb in Shanghai the next year.(状语)(他想来年在上海找份好工作)/ They searched the rm fr the thief.(他们在房间里搜索小偷) / The letters are fr yu.(表语)(信是给你的)/ Have yu seen a cat with a black head and fur white legs?(定语)(你看见一只黑头白腿的猫了吗？)
5、重要注释：
⑴ this / that / these / thse / last / next / a / every / each等词构成的时间短语,前面不用任何介词。如：Every year travellers frm abrad cme t visit Pingya.(每年都有国外的游客来游览平窑镇)/ He had a bad cld that week.(那个星期他患重感冒)
⑵ 记住一些固定词组： n ft(步行), at night(在晚上), play with(玩耍……),lk ut f(朝…外面看), with ne’s help(在…的帮助下),lk after(照料…),lk fr(寻找…),n a bike(=by bike)骑车, help sb. with(帮某人做…)等等。
6、某些介词的用法辨析：
⑴ 时间或地点介词in、n、at的用法区别：表示时间时, in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后), n表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等, at表示在某个时刻或者瞬间； 表示地点时, in表示在某个范围之内, n表示在某个平面上或与一个面相接触,at则表示在某个具体的场所或地点。如：He was brn n the mrning f May 10th.(他出生于五月十日的早晨)/ I usually get up at 7：00 in the mrning.(我通常在早上的七点钟起床) / His glasses are right n his nse.(他的眼镜就架在他的鼻子上)/ He is at the cinema at the mment.(此刻他正在电影院)
⑵ after与in表示时间的用法区别：“after+(具体时刻/从句)”表示“在…时刻之后”常用于一般时态；“in+(一段时间)”表示“在(多久)之后”,常用于将来时态。如：He said that he wuld be here after 6：00.(他说他六点钟之后会来这儿)/ My father is cming back frm England in abut a mnth.(我父亲大约一个月以后从英国回来)
⑶ by、in与with表示方式的用法区别：都可以表示“工具、手段”,但是by主要表示“乘坐”某个交通工具或“以……方式”, in表示“使用”某种语言/文字,with表示“使用”某个具体的工具、手段。如：We see with ur eyes and walk with ur feet.(我们用眼睛看东西,用双脚走路)/ Please write that article(文章) in English.(请你用英语写那篇文章)/ Let’s g t the z by taxi.(我们打的去动物园吧。)/ It was written by La She.(那是老舍写的)
⑸ in frnt f 与in the frnt f： in frnt f“在…的前面”, 与in the frnt f“在…的前部”。如：A car was parking in frnt f the hall.(大厅跟前停着一辆汽车)/ In the frnt f the hall std a big desk.(大厅前部立着一个大讲台)

用适当的介词填空:
1. Tm is the by _______ glasses.
2. Please read sme bks ________ Chinese medicine.
3. She wrks in the day and has a rest ______ night.
4. My uncle wrks _______ a farm.
5. Mr Black and Yang Ling are talking _________ a party.
6. She wants _____ buy a sweater ______ her daughter.
7. It’s a map ____ China.
8. Let’s have a lk _____ the picture.
9. What’s that _____ Chinese?
10. I’m _____ Class One.
11. There is a clck ______ the wall ______ the classrm.
12. Can yu see an apple _______ the tree? N, But I can see a bird _______ the tree.
13. There is a purse ______ here.
14. There is a bat ______ the lake.
15. There are many kites ____ the sky.
16. What clthes is she wearing? She is _______ red.
17. Can yu see the by _______ the bike?
18. The wman ______ a yellw dress is my mther.
19. Wh can yu see ______ the picture?
20. Wh’s the man __________ yur mther and father?
21. Ga Shan gets up ______ 6:00 _______ the mrning.
22. We dn’t have classes _______ Sunday mrning.
23. What d yu ften d ______ Saturday?
24. Can yu help me ______ my maths?
25. What’s wrng ______ yu?
26. Wh’s _____ duty?
27. It’s time _____ supper.
28. She can’t find the way. S she asks the pliceman _____ help.
29. A man ______ Shanghai ges t the park _______ his daughter.
30. Yur scks are _____ the desk. Put them away. Yu must lk _______ yur things.
31. My sister is drawing a picture ________ crayns.
32. I’m thirsty. What _____ yu?
33. What wuld yu like _______ breakfast?
34. He is American. He is _______ the USA.
35. He is _______ hme. He isn’t ______ schl.
36. The lunch ______ ur schl is gd.
37. He is playing _______ a yu-yu.
38. I am gd _____ running. Tm des well _____ jumping.
39. The girls play cards _______ class.
40. Take ______ the ld cat. Put ______ the new ne.
41. I’m lking _____ my dg. I can’t find it.
42. They are talking ______ Mr. Green. They are talk ______ the film.
43. The cat is running _______ the muse.
44. Peter lks ______ his father.
45. He is learning French _________ the tape.
46. Frenchmen cme ________ France.
47. Please write _____ me sn.
48. Jack ges t schl ______ ft. Jim ges t schl ______ bike.
49. The farm is nt far ________ his hme.
50. Dn’t be late ______ schl.
51. She’s ill. She stays ______ bed all day.
52. There are a lt f peple ________ Red Apple Htel.
53. The supermarket is pen _______ 9:00 a.m. ________ 9:00 p.m..
54. They are getting ______ the bus.
55. We are playing ftball ________ the playgrund.
56. _______ weekends, when d yu get up?
57. The bkshp is nt _____ Shanghai Street, it is ________ Beijing Rad.
58. Dn’t laugh _____ anyne.
59. He lks ________, there is n ne nearby.
60. The thief is running ________ ______ the shp.
61. The hspital is 5 kilmeters _______ ________ the shpping center.
62. Class One is _______ _______ Class Tw.
63. There is a river _____ ______ _____ my huse.
64. They are walking ______ the lake.