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2021届江西省宜春市高三英语4月模拟考试卷及答案
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这是一份2021届江西省宜春市高三英语4月模拟考试卷及答案，共16页。试卷主要包含了阅读选择，任务型阅读，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，提纲类作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.阅读理解
New Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aids Only $229!
The new ec-friendly HearClearTM HCR3 Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aids which cmbine advanced technlgy with a lw price are nw available t yu fr an unbelievable price! This quality digital hearing aid has the same key elements that all high end digital hearing aids share, but is als rechargeable. Unlike ther hearing aids, the digital signal prcessr adjusts t enlarge imprtant speech sunds as well as cutting ut unwanted nise.
Mst imprtantly, the new HearClearTM HCR3 hearing aids wrk as part f the cst f name-brand hearing aids, and yu dn't have t keep changing the batteries! Yu will als lve the cmfrtable, light-weight, pen-fit design.
Yu can spend thusands fr an expensive hearing aid r yu can spend just $249 fr a hearing aid that is great fr mst hearing lses (nly $229 each when yu buy a pair). We are s sure yu will lve ur prduct, that we ffer a 100% Mney Back Guarantee-Risk Free if yu are nt satisfied fr any reasn.
Functins & Characteristics:
□ Digital sund prcessing chip prvides clear sund and makes speech easier t understand withut whistling
□ Never replace batteries again! Full charge gives 16 Hrs f use!
□ Easy n/ff buttn
□ Autmatic nise reductin and feedback canceler
□ Helps mt mderate t significant hearing lsses (call us if yu need mre pwer)
Mney Saving Offer!
Call 1-888-200-1008 t get cupns (购物优惠券). Cupns and prices are valid fr a limited time nly!
〔1〕Hw much shuld yu pay t buy a pair f HCR3?
A.$229.
B.$249.
C.$458.
D.$478.
〔2〕Which f the fllwing descriptins f HCR3 hearing aid is wrng?
A.It can reduce nise autmatically.
B.It has little in cmmn with previus hearing aids.
C.It makes speech understd mre easily with n whistling.
D.It's rechargeable and can wrk fr 16 hurs if fully charged.
〔3〕Where is the text prbably frm?
A.A magazine.
B.A business reprt.
C.A textbk.
D.A guidebk.
2.阅读理解
With severe mental challenges and amblypia (弱视), Xu Hafang's idea f the wrld was limited t her hme. Apart frm her parents, interacting with thers ften prved t be a painful experience.
But Xu's reality was changed when she started receiving help frm the Zhang Xinya Rehabilitatin (康复) Center in Shanghai. "She used t be ttally dependent n us and barely spke. Nw, she has learned hw t write in Chinese, hw t wash the dishes and hw t d the laundry herself," says Yan Ping, Xu's mther.
Funded in 2021 by Zhang Xinya, the center since its establishment has helped dzens f individuals like Xu with 21 f them eventually securing a jb. Besides thse having challenges, the center als prvides assistance t thse wh are visually r hearing impaired (受损的). "We can unearth their ptential and teach them the ability t take care f themselves," says the 73-year-ld, "By ding this, I als hpe that their parents can be hpeful f their children's future."
Zhang Xinya herself is als a mther t a girl with mental challenges. T help her daughter build meaningful cnnectins with sciety, Zhang tk her t a gvernment-funded center t learn physical exercises that wuld imprve her mtr sills Zhang later decided t vlunteer at the center, which eventually inspired her t pen her wn rehabilitatin facility (场所).
The center prvides varius classes cnducted by prfessinal teachers and psychlgical cunselrs and everyday skills are included in the syllabus (教学大纲). Mre than 400 lawyers, public health prfessinals and dctrs have been invited t the statin t give lectures. These individuals with special needs als receive heath checks at Zhang's center.
"Many f the individuals culd nt take care f themselves when they first came, but nw they can hld chpstick r spn and eat by themselves. Sme used t remain silent all the time but they can nw sing and dance," says Zhang. "Seeing them make prgress is what makes this all wrthwhile. This is what drives me t keep ging."
〔1〕What's the challenge in her life befre Xu Hafang went t the center?
A.Her unemplyment.
B.The pressure frm the sciety.
C.Her disability and dependence.
D.Lack f trust in thers.
〔2〕Which wrd can explain the underlined wrd "unearth" in paragraph 3?
B.remve
D.admire
〔3〕What inspires Zhang Xinya t set up the rehabilitatin center?
A.Her desire t see the disabled make prgress in daily wrk.
B.Her experience as a vlunteer in a gvernment-funded center.
C.The encuragement she gt frm parents f thse with special needs.
D.Her intentin t help her daughter build meaningful cnnectins with sciety.
〔4〕Accrding t the passage, we can cnclude that _________.
A.the center mainly helps thse wh have mental challenges
B.all f the classes in the center are given by prfessinal teachers
C.the center will secure jbs fr the individuals with special needs
D.many individuals in the center have made prgress in many aspects
3.阅读理解
D yu cntinue t be healthy in scial islatin (隔离)? NASA is lking fr peple t spend 8 mnths lcked in a Russian lab fr a new experiment.
When humans g t the mn and travel t Mars, they will need t be prepared fr lng-term space travel and even lnger stays n these far-ff destinatins. Currently, NASA's Artemis prgram aims t land humans n the mn fr the first time since NASA's Apll 17 missin landed in 1972.
While the mn is the main gal f NASA's Artemis prgram, the agency's larger gal is t send peple t Mars. But lng term space travel and habitatin (居住) wn't be easy. Such missins will present bth physical and mental challenges as astrnauts wrk t nt nly survive, but perfrm imprtant scientific research in uniquely difficult envirnments.
In the upcming NASA-Russia experiment, a grup f peple will live in a clsed facility at Russia's Institute fr Bimedical Prblems, which is in Mscw. This habitat facility was used in 2021 fr a ntable series f Russian mck (模拟的) Mars missins knwn as Mars500. During these missins, grups f peple spent 520 and 105 days n tw separate missins in the facility.
The facility, accrding t the statement, will have "envirnmental factrs similar t thse astrnauts are expected t experience n future missins t Mars". The grup f peple will spend 8 mnths living tgether in islatin and wrking n scientific research.
By living and wrking in this Mars-like envirnment, participants in this study will help NASA researchers understand the psychlgical and physilgical (生理的) effects f islatin. These missins help researchers nt nly perfrm relevant science experiments but als see hw peple might get n under strange cnditins fr lng perids f time.
S, if yu're finding that living in scial islatin wrks fr yu, yu might be particularly well-suited fr living in a Mars-like envirnment and this culd be fr yu. But first, yu have t qualify. NASA is lking fr "highly mtivated" Americans between the age f 30-55, wh must speak bth Russian and English fluently and have a Master f Science, Dctr f Philsphy, Dctr [ Medicine, r military fficer training. Applicants with ther related experience may als be cnsidered. Thse wh are chsen t be a part f this grup will be paid fr their wrk.
〔1〕Which f the fllwing succeeded in landing humans n the mn?
A.Apll 17 missin.
B.Artemis prgram.
C.Mars500.
D.Institute fr Bimedical Prblems.
〔2〕What d we knw abut the new NASA Russia experiment?
A.It will send peple t live n Mars fr 8 mnths.
B.It needs experienced Americans withut an age limit.
C.It will be carried ut in a Mars-like envirnment in NASA.
D.It makes preparatins fr NASA'S human spaceflight prgram.
〔3〕Why des the authr mentin "Mars500" in the text?
A.T shw the prgress in space technlgy.
B.T explain why the facility has been chsen.
C.T indicate the new experiment will be successful.
D.T describe the life f astrnauts in the mck Mars missins.
〔4〕Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A.Want t Have A Trip t Mars? Cme!
B.Aretmis—NASA'S Latest Prgram
C.Cmpetent in Islatin? NASA Wants Yu!
D.NASA's Human Space Travel Prgram
4.阅读理解
The genetics f human eye clr is much mre cmplex than previusly thught. accrding t a new study published recently.
An internatinal team f researchers led by King's Cllege Lndn and Erasmus University Medical Center Rtterdam have identified 50 new genes fr eye clr in the largest genetic study f its kind t date. The study, published in Science Advances, invlved the genetic analysis f almst 195,000 peple acrss Eurpe and Asia.
These findings will help t imprve the understanding f eye diseases such as pigmentary glaucma and cular albinism, where eye pigment (色素) levels play a rle. In additin, the team fund that eye clr in Asians with different shades f brwn is genetically similar t eye clr in Eurpeans ranging frm dark brwn t light blue.
This study builds n previus research in which scientists had identified a dzen genes linked t eye clr, believing there t be many mre. Previusly, scientists thught that variatin in eye clr was cntrlled by ne r tw genes nly, with brwn eyes dminant (显性的) ver blue eyes.
C-senir authr Dr Pirr Hysi, King's Cllege Lndn, said: "The findings are exciting because they bring us t a step clser t understanding the genes that cause ne f the mst striking features f the human faces, which has mystified (使困感) generatins thrughut ur histry. This will imprve ur understanding f many diseases that we knw are assciated with specific pigmentatin levels."
C-senir authr Dr Manfred Kayser, Erasmus University Medical Center Rtterdam, said: "This study delivers the genetic knwledge needed t imprve eye clur predictin frm DNA as already applied in anthrplgical (人类学的) and frensic (法医的) studies, but with limited accuracy fr the nn-brwn and nn-blue eye clurs."
〔1〕What des Paragraph 3 talk abut?
A.The result and significance f the new study.
B.The key rle eye pigment plays in eye discases.
C.The detailed prgress f the newly-published study.
D.The difference in eye clrs f Asians and Eurpeans.
〔2〕What's Dr. Pirr Hysi's attitude twards the new findings?
A.Critical.
B.Disappinted.
C.Skeptical.
D.Supprtive.
〔3〕Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t the passage?
A.Scientists used t believe that eye clr depended n a variety f genes.
B.Dr. Manfred Kayser identifies that the study can be applied t all eye clrs.
C.Published in Science Advances, the study analyzed abut 195,000 peple glbally.
D.The research which identified 50 new genes fr eye clr is the biggest f its kind s far.
〔4〕What's the main idea f the passage?
A.Eye pigment levels are inked mst eye diseases.
B.A new study fund eye clrs may be inked with many genes.
C.Internatinal scientists cnduced a genetic analysis f eye clrs and diseases.
D.Studies shwed eye clrs f Asians were different frm thse f Eurpeans.
二、任务型阅读
5.任务型阅读
Self-cnfidence is cnnected with almst every aspect f a happy and fulfilling life. ________
If yu have been lacking in cnfidence, yu're prbably familiar with ver thinking ________But by being cnfident, yu will be able t break the cycle f ver-thinking,
________If yu have ever learned a language, mastered a skill, reached a fitness gal, r therwise vercme setbacks t get t where yu wanted t be, yu're well n yur way.
Yu might be thinking, "Well, sure, I was prud f my ‘A' in Calculus back in high schl, but what des that have t d with anything nw?" Lking back n yur life, yu'll pssibly find that every accmplishment takes effrts. ________
As yur cnfidence grws, yu'll find yurself mre driven t imprve yur abilities. ________But with self-assurance, thse thughts will n lnger be paralyzing (令人麻痹的). Instead, yu'll be able t smile and act anyway, feeling energized by yur prgress in achieving gals which mean smething t yu.
A. "What-if" thughts will still arise: "What if I fail?"
B. The mre cnfident yu are, the mre faith yu will have in yurself.
C. It is related t anxiety and wrry, which can make us cut ff frm the wrld.
D. Building self-cnfidence requires yu t keep a psitive attitude twards yur life.
E. Building cnfidence means taking small steps that leave a lasting sense f accmplishment.
F. A persn with self-cnfidence generally likes themselves and thinks psitively abut the future.
G. If yu culd vercme difficulties then, yu can d it in ther areas f yur life where yu feel self- dubt.
三、完形填空
6.完形填空
Ida Nelsn was in her sister's sauna (桑拿浴室), relaxing. Then she heard the lng lw sund f a small airplane 1 the nearby airprt.
It was 11:30 at night in the 2 f Igiugig, ppulatin 70, and, as she tld the New Yrk Times, "Any time a plane flies ver that 3 , yu knw smething is 4 ."
Nelsn and her sister leaped ut f the sauna, ran t the windw, and 5 the prblem: The airprt's runway lights were 6 .
Nelsn 7 n sme clthes, jumped int her car and 8 it t the airprt, where she fund a lcal pilt trying t turn n the lights by hand.
" 9 , if yu push the buttn 10 r 15 times, the lights will just light up," Nelsn said. Nt this time. Meanwhile, she and the pilt learned f the plane's 10 task: It was there t transprt a seriusly ill lcal girl t the nearest 11 , 280 miles away in Anchrage.
Nelsn had a 12 . Driving her car t the end f the runway, she 13 her headlights (车头灯) n the rad fr the plane t fllw. Great idea, but it wasn't 14 . Mre light was needed, s a neighbr called nearly every hme in the village — 32 f them.
Within 20 minutes, 20 15 arrived at the airprt. Fllwing directins frm the plane pilt, the cars 16 up n ne side f the runway.
The plane made its final 17 and, guided by the headlights, landed safely. The yung patient was laded nt the aircraft, and the plane 18 tk ff again.
In a wrld filled with uncertainty, the little 19 psitive activism was a big deal. Nt s much fr Nelsn. As she tld CNN, in Igiugig, cming tgether "is kind f a 20 deal."
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
7.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Turist destinatins in Eurpe are cnfident ________the strng grwth f China's winter sprts industry will benefit their ecnmies.
They believe that the natin's ________(rise) interest in such sprts, fueled by staging the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics, ________(be) especially significant fr the recvery f internatinal winter turism.
Ice and snw sprts in China are expected t attract 230 millin visits by participants in the 2021-21 winter seasn, accrding t the China Turism Academy.
A recent reprt ________ (release) by the academy said the cuntry's ttal investment in the sectr (领域) was mre than 900 billin yuan ver the past three years, including a ttal f 610 billin yuan fr 2021 and 2021.
Emanuel Lehner-Telic, Asia reginal manager at the Australian Natinal Turist Office, said: "Thse figures shw the eagerness ________(becme) ne f the wrld's leading winter sprts ________(natin). The speed ________which China's winter sprts industry has develped is unprecedented (前所未有的)."
The Chinese capital ________(select) t hst the 2022 Winter Olympics after beating Almaty — ________ largest city in Kazakhstan — by fur vtes in 2021. Since then, winter sprts ________(develp) has been fast-tracked in China.
五、短文改错
8.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及个单 词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号〔∧〕，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线〔\〕划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1〕每处错误及其修改仅限一词；
2〕只允许修改10处，多者〔从第11处起〕不计分。
Ready t leave, Charltte was lading her bags r bxes int the taxi. Befre she hit the rad, her parents gave her a warmly hug. Even thugh she felt really sad abut ging away fr cllege, she held back her tear and prmised t take gd care f herself. Then, ff he went.
Several mnths pass and final exams were cming. Charltte had s much studying t d that she felt a plenty f pressure. Then, she thught f her parents back hme, that she hadn't seen fr mnths. She gt really hmesick and culd hardly cntrl the urge t leave hme right away.
Weeks late, the exams finally came t an end and Charltte went straight hme fr the hliday. When she was finally with her family, she held them tightly and was happy t be spent the Lunar New Year with them.
六、提纲类作文
9.假定你是李华，你的英国好友Tm将要来中国留学，现在开始学习汉语。他最近收看了一台中文综艺节目?成语天下?，对成语产生了兴趣，感到既有趣又困惑，特用电邮向你询问。请你给他回电邮，以守株待兔为例来向他说明如何理解成语的内涵，内容包括：
1〕成语的根本介绍；
2〕守株待兔的故事及所蕴含的人生哲理；
3〕通过成语学习汉语的建议。
注意：
1〕词数100左右〔文章开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数〕；
2〕可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：成语chengyu/ fur character idims株/树桩stump
Dear Tm,
Hw are yu!
……
Yurs,
Li Hua
答案解析局部
一、阅读选择
1.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了一款可充电数码助听器的功能、特点、价格、售后效劳等方面的信息。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
1.(1)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“nly $ 229each when yu buy a pair〞如果你买一副的话，每个只要229美元，可知，购置两个助听器的价格为$458〔229*2〕。应选C。
1.(2)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“This quality hearing aid has the same key elements that all end digital hearing aids share〞这种高质量的数字助听器具有所有高端数字助听器所共有的关键元素。可知，HCR3和其他的助听器并非完全不同。应选B。
1.(3)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The new ec-friendly HearClearTM HCR3 Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aids which cmbine advanced technlgy with a lw price are nw available t yu fr an unbelievable price!〞新型环保的HearClearTM HCR3可充电数字助听器，结合了先进的技术和低廉的价格，现在就提供应您一个难以置信的价格！可知，本文是一那么可充电数码助听器的广告。这类广告通常会出现在杂志上。应选A。
2.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了张欣雅和她所创办的康复中心自成立以来，通过挖掘残障人士的潜能、教授根本的生活技能和自理能力，帮助众多残障人士融入社会的感人故事。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜想和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
2.(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“With severe mental challenges and amblypia (弱视), Xu Hafang's idea f the wrld was limited t her hme.〞患有严重精神障碍和弱视的徐浩芳，对世界的看法仅限于她的家；以及第二段中的 “She used t be ttally dependent n us and barely spke〞她以前完全依赖我们，几乎不说话。可知，徐浩芳去康复中心前生活不能自理，完全依靠父母，故徐浩芳去康复中心前面对的最大挑战应是她自身的残疾和对父母的过度依赖。应选C。
2.(2)考查词义猜想。根据第三段中的“Besides thse having challenges, the center als prvides assistance t thse wh are visually r hearing impaired (受损的).〞除了那些有困难的人，中心还为那些有视觉或听觉障碍的人提供帮助；以及“teach them the ability t take care f themselves〞教会他们照顾自己的能力。可推知，划线词所在局部意为“我们可以挖掘他们的潜力〞划线单词unearth 与ptential形成搭配，意为“挖掘潜力〞，应选A。
2.(3)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的 “Zhang later decided t vlunteer at the center, which eventually inspired her t pen her wn rehabilitatin facility (场所).〞张后来决定在该中心做志愿者，这也启发她开了自己的康复中心，可知，在公办康复中心做志愿者的经历促使她萌生创办康复中心的想法。应选B。
2.(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“‘Many f the individuals culd nt take care f themselves when they first came, …says Zhang. ’Seeing them make prgress is what makes this all wrthwhile. This is what drives me t keep ging.““许多人刚来的时候不能照顾自己，但现在他们可以拿着筷子或勺子自己吃。一些人过去一直沉默寡言，但现在他们可以唱歌跳舞了。看到他们的进步，这一切都是值得的。这就是我继续前进的动力。可以推断出通过在康复中心学习和训练，许多人在很多方面都有了进步。应选D。
3.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，美国宇航局NASA正在招募志愿者。这些志愿者们将在俄罗斯的火星模拟基地开展为期八个月的实验。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3.(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“…since NASA's Apll 17 missin landed in 1972.〞自1972年美国宇航局的阿波罗17号任务着陆以来。可知，阿波罗17号在1972年登月成功。应选A。
3.(2)考查推理判断。根据第三段“While the mn is the main gal f NASA's Artemis prgram, the agency's larger gal is t send peple t Mars. But lng term space travel and habitatin (居住) wn't be easy. Such missins will present bth physical and mental challenges as astrnauts wrk t nt nly survive, but perfrm imprtant scientific research in uniquely difficult envirnments.〞虽然月球是美国航天局阿耳特弥斯方案的主要目标，但该机构更大的目标是把人送上火星。但长期的太空旅行和居住并不容易。这样的任务将带来生理和心理上的挑战，因为宇航员不仅要生存，还要在独特的困难环境中进行重要的科学研究。可知，此次试验的目的是为下一步人类的载人太空航行方案做准备，应选D。
3.(3)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“This habitat facility was used in 2021 fr a ntable series f Russian mck Mars Missins knwn as Mars500.〞这个栖息地设施曾在2021年用于一系列著名的俄罗斯模拟火星任务，即“火星500〞。可知，该基地早在2021年就曾经被用于一系列模拟火星环境的试验，因此作者提到Mars500的目的是说明该基地被美国航天局选中作为实验地点的原因。应选B。
3.(4)考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“NASA is lking fr peple t spend 8 mnths lcked in a Russian lab fr a new experiment.〞美国宇航局正在寻找被关在俄罗斯实验室8个月进行新实验的人。可知，此文主要介绍了美国航天局拟在俄罗斯境内的火星模拟实验基地进行为期8个月的封闭试验，为此需要招募志愿者。应选C。
4.【解析】【分析】本文是一那么新闻报道，介绍了King's Cllege Lndn和Erasmus University Medical Center Rtterdam 的研究人员发现人类眼球颜色由50种基因决定。这一发现颠覆了人们的认识。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4.(1)考查段落大意。根据第三段中的“These findings will help t imprve the understanding f eye diseases such as pigmentary glaucma and cular albinism, where eye pigment (色素) levels play a rle.〞这些发现将有助于提高对眼病的理解，如色素性青光眼和眼部白化病，在这些疾病中眼部色素水平发挥作用。可推断，第三段是在介绍这份研究的结果和意义。应选A。
4.(2)考查推理判断。根据第五段中的 “The findings are exciting because they bring us t a step clser t understanding the genes that cause ne f the mst striking features f the human faces, which has mystified (使困感) generatins thrughut ur histry. This will imprve ur understanding f many diseases that we knw are assciated with specific pigmentatin levels.〞 这些发现令人兴奋，因为它们让我们更接近理解导致人类面部最显著特征之一的基因，这些基因在我们的历史上迷惑了几代人。这将提高我们对许多我们所知道的与特定色素沉着水平相关的疾病的理解。可推断，Dr Pirr Hysi对最新研究发现持赞同态度，应选D。
4.(3)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“…identified 50 new genes fr eye clr in the largest genetic study f its kind t date〞在迄今为止最大的同类基因研究中发现了50个关于眼睛颜色的新基因，可知，此次研究是该类型研究中迄今为止最大的，应选D。
4.(4)考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“The genetics f human eye clr is much mre cmplex than previusly thught. accrding t a new study published recently.〞 根据最近发表的一项新的研究,人眼颜色的遗传学比以前认为的要复杂得多；以及下文的介绍可知，这篇科普报道主要介绍了研究人员发现人类眼球颜色由50种基因决定，应选B。
二、任务型阅读
5.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自信的重要性以及如何建立自信的几点建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的根底上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
三、完形填空
6.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了机场跑道上的灯出现问题，无法照明，使得一架来运送当地一个病重女孩去医院的飞机无法降落在机场。最后Nelsn和全村人用汽车前灯照亮了跑道，使得飞机顺利降落，成功接到了病重的女孩。
【点评】考查完形填空，此题考点涉及动词，名词，副词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
7.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道的是欧洲一些旅游目的地对中国的冬季运动产业很有信心，认为在即将举办的2022年北京冬季奥运会的刺激下，中国冬季运动产业的增长对他们的经济和国际冬季旅游业的恢复有益。
【点评】考查语法填空，此题考点涉及宾语从句，非谓语动词，时态，主谓一致，名词，介词，语态，冠词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
五、短文改错
8.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Charltte离开家去上大学的依依不舍之情，和在大学期间对家人的思念之情。
①句意：夏洛蒂正准备离开，把她的包和箱子装上出租车。bags和bxes为并列关系，需用连词and连接。故r改为and。
②句意：在她上路之前，她的父母给了她一个温暖的拥抱。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词hug。故warmly改为warm。
③句意：尽管要去上大学她真的很难过，但她忍住眼泪，容许会好好照顾自己。tear“眼泪，泪水〞，是可数名词，常用复数。hld back tears固定短语，“忍住泪水〞。故tear改为tears。
④句意：然后，她走了。夏洛蒂是女生，故he改为she。
⑤句意：几个月过去了，期末考试就要来了。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，故pass改为passed。
⑥句意：夏洛蒂有那么多功课要做，她感到很大的压力。plenty f，固定短语，“大量的〞。故a多余，应去掉。故将a去掉。
⑦句意：她想到了家里的父母亲，她已经有几个月没有见到他们了。此处引导非限制性定语从句，定语从句的先行词是parents，指人，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词wh/whm引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故that改为wh/whm。
⑧句意：她非常想家，控制不住立刻动身回家的冲动。根据意思可知，这里不是指“离开家〞，而是指“出发、动身回家〞。leave fr固定短语，“动身去某处〞，故在leave后面加fr。
⑨句意：几周后，考试终于结束了，夏洛蒂直接回家度假了。“几周之后〞正确的表达方式是“weeks later〞，“weeks late〞是晚了几周的意思。故late改为later。
⑩句意：当她终于和家人在一起时，她紧紧地抱着他们，很快乐能和他们一起过春节。 t be spent是不定式的被动式，句子主语是她，此处不应该用被动形式，所以应该变成t be ding不定式的进行式，不定式的进行式是表示与谓语动作同时发生且正在进行的动作。故spent改为spending。
【点评】考查短文改错，此题考点涉及连词，形容词，名词，代词，时态，冠词，定语从句，介词，副词以及非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
六、提纲类作文
9.【解析】【分析】此题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份，回电邮，以守株待兔为例来说明如何理解成语的内涵。写作背景：你的英国好友Tm将要来中国留学，现在开始学习汉语。他最近收看了一台中文综艺节目?成语天下?，对成语产生了兴趣，感到既有趣又困惑，特用电邮向你询问。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1〕成语的根本介绍；2〕守株待兔的故事及所蕴含的人生哲理；3〕通过成语学习汉语的建议。提示中的内容比拟泛泛，需要适当补充。此题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：It's a pleasure t see yur enthusiasm fr learning Chinese and I'm srry t hear that yu are having truble understanding Chinese idims. 运用了并列句，it作形式主语，不定式作原因状语，宾语从句；
It came frm an ancient stry where a farmer came acrss a dumb rabbit running int a tree stump and killing itself.运用了限制性定语从句； In a wrd, unless yu knw the stry frm which the idim was derived and its cmmn usage, a chengyu will sund like randm nnsense t a freigner, s I strngly recmmend yu t g and buy a gd chengyu dictinary. 运用了条件状语从句，限制性定语从句，因果并列句；Shuld yu have any further questin, please dn't hesitate t ask.运用了倒装句，祈使句。1. A. passing
B. circling
C. leaving
D. attacking
2. A. village
B. city
C. cunty
D. state
3. A. early
B. high
C. late
D. fast
4. A. missing
B. special
C. cmplete
D. wrng
5. A. saw
B. avided
C. slved
D. caused
6. A. abve
B. away
C. n
D. ut
7. A. threw
B. cmmented
C. tried
D. decided
8. A. hired
B. flred
C. stle
D. backed
9. A. Obviusly
B. Unexpectedly
C. Frtunately
D. Usually
10. A. dangerus
B. difficult
C. urgent
D. secret
11. A. hspital
B. schl
C. cmpany
D. building
12. A. rest
B. plan
C. cld
D. walk
13. A. hid
B. shne
C. studied
D. cleaned
14. A. funny
B. bad
C. enugh
D. safe
15. A. planes
B. trains
C. plicemen
D. vehicles
16. A. speeded
B. blew
C. lined
D. burned
17. A. exit
B. apprach
C. trip
D. flight
18. A. gradually
B. surprisingly
C. immediately
D. clumsily
19. A. cmmunity's
B. patient's
C. pilt's
D. plane's
20. A. rare
B. big
C. uncertain
D. nrmal
1.阅读理解
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Mst imprtantly, the new HearClearTM HCR3 hearing aids wrk as part f the cst f name-brand hearing aids, and yu dn't have t keep changing the batteries! Yu will als lve the cmfrtable, light-weight, pen-fit design.
Yu can spend thusands fr an expensive hearing aid r yu can spend just $249 fr a hearing aid that is great fr mst hearing lses (nly $229 each when yu buy a pair). We are s sure yu will lve ur prduct, that we ffer a 100% Mney Back Guarantee-Risk Free if yu are nt satisfied fr any reasn.
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〔1〕Hw much shuld yu pay t buy a pair f HCR3?
A.$229.
B.$249.
C.$458.
D.$478.
〔2〕Which f the fllwing descriptins f HCR3 hearing aid is wrng?
A.It can reduce nise autmatically.
B.It has little in cmmn with previus hearing aids.
C.It makes speech understd mre easily with n whistling.
D.It's rechargeable and can wrk fr 16 hurs if fully charged.
〔3〕Where is the text prbably frm?
A.A magazine.
B.A business reprt.
C.A textbk.
D.A guidebk.
2.阅读理解
With severe mental challenges and amblypia (弱视), Xu Hafang's idea f the wrld was limited t her hme. Apart frm her parents, interacting with thers ften prved t be a painful experience.
But Xu's reality was changed when she started receiving help frm the Zhang Xinya Rehabilitatin (康复) Center in Shanghai. "She used t be ttally dependent n us and barely spke. Nw, she has learned hw t write in Chinese, hw t wash the dishes and hw t d the laundry herself," says Yan Ping, Xu's mther.
Funded in 2021 by Zhang Xinya, the center since its establishment has helped dzens f individuals like Xu with 21 f them eventually securing a jb. Besides thse having challenges, the center als prvides assistance t thse wh are visually r hearing impaired (受损的). "We can unearth their ptential and teach them the ability t take care f themselves," says the 73-year-ld, "By ding this, I als hpe that their parents can be hpeful f their children's future."
Zhang Xinya herself is als a mther t a girl with mental challenges. T help her daughter build meaningful cnnectins with sciety, Zhang tk her t a gvernment-funded center t learn physical exercises that wuld imprve her mtr sills Zhang later decided t vlunteer at the center, which eventually inspired her t pen her wn rehabilitatin facility (场所).
The center prvides varius classes cnducted by prfessinal teachers and psychlgical cunselrs and everyday skills are included in the syllabus (教学大纲). Mre than 400 lawyers, public health prfessinals and dctrs have been invited t the statin t give lectures. These individuals with special needs als receive heath checks at Zhang's center.
"Many f the individuals culd nt take care f themselves when they first came, but nw they can hld chpstick r spn and eat by themselves. Sme used t remain silent all the time but they can nw sing and dance," says Zhang. "Seeing them make prgress is what makes this all wrthwhile. This is what drives me t keep ging."
〔1〕What's the challenge in her life befre Xu Hafang went t the center?
A.Her unemplyment.
B.The pressure frm the sciety.
C.Her disability and dependence.
D.Lack f trust in thers.
〔2〕Which wrd can explain the underlined wrd "unearth" in paragraph 3?
B.remve
D.admire
〔3〕What inspires Zhang Xinya t set up the rehabilitatin center?
A.Her desire t see the disabled make prgress in daily wrk.
B.Her experience as a vlunteer in a gvernment-funded center.
C.The encuragement she gt frm parents f thse with special needs.
D.Her intentin t help her daughter build meaningful cnnectins with sciety.
〔4〕Accrding t the passage, we can cnclude that _________.
A.the center mainly helps thse wh have mental challenges
B.all f the classes in the center are given by prfessinal teachers
C.the center will secure jbs fr the individuals with special needs
D.many individuals in the center have made prgress in many aspects
3.阅读理解
D yu cntinue t be healthy in scial islatin (隔离)? NASA is lking fr peple t spend 8 mnths lcked in a Russian lab fr a new experiment.
When humans g t the mn and travel t Mars, they will need t be prepared fr lng-term space travel and even lnger stays n these far-ff destinatins. Currently, NASA's Artemis prgram aims t land humans n the mn fr the first time since NASA's Apll 17 missin landed in 1972.
While the mn is the main gal f NASA's Artemis prgram, the agency's larger gal is t send peple t Mars. But lng term space travel and habitatin (居住) wn't be easy. Such missins will present bth physical and mental challenges as astrnauts wrk t nt nly survive, but perfrm imprtant scientific research in uniquely difficult envirnments.
In the upcming NASA-Russia experiment, a grup f peple will live in a clsed facility at Russia's Institute fr Bimedical Prblems, which is in Mscw. This habitat facility was used in 2021 fr a ntable series f Russian mck (模拟的) Mars missins knwn as Mars500. During these missins, grups f peple spent 520 and 105 days n tw separate missins in the facility.
The facility, accrding t the statement, will have "envirnmental factrs similar t thse astrnauts are expected t experience n future missins t Mars". The grup f peple will spend 8 mnths living tgether in islatin and wrking n scientific research.
By living and wrking in this Mars-like envirnment, participants in this study will help NASA researchers understand the psychlgical and physilgical (生理的) effects f islatin. These missins help researchers nt nly perfrm relevant science experiments but als see hw peple might get n under strange cnditins fr lng perids f time.
S, if yu're finding that living in scial islatin wrks fr yu, yu might be particularly well-suited fr living in a Mars-like envirnment and this culd be fr yu. But first, yu have t qualify. NASA is lking fr "highly mtivated" Americans between the age f 30-55, wh must speak bth Russian and English fluently and have a Master f Science, Dctr f Philsphy, Dctr [ Medicine, r military fficer training. Applicants with ther related experience may als be cnsidered. Thse wh are chsen t be a part f this grup will be paid fr their wrk.
〔1〕Which f the fllwing succeeded in landing humans n the mn?
A.Apll 17 missin.
B.Artemis prgram.
C.Mars500.
D.Institute fr Bimedical Prblems.
〔2〕What d we knw abut the new NASA Russia experiment?
A.It will send peple t live n Mars fr 8 mnths.
B.It needs experienced Americans withut an age limit.
C.It will be carried ut in a Mars-like envirnment in NASA.
D.It makes preparatins fr NASA'S human spaceflight prgram.
〔3〕Why des the authr mentin "Mars500" in the text?
A.T shw the prgress in space technlgy.
B.T explain why the facility has been chsen.
C.T indicate the new experiment will be successful.
D.T describe the life f astrnauts in the mck Mars missins.
〔4〕Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A.Want t Have A Trip t Mars? Cme!
B.Aretmis—NASA'S Latest Prgram
C.Cmpetent in Islatin? NASA Wants Yu!
D.NASA's Human Space Travel Prgram
4.阅读理解
The genetics f human eye clr is much mre cmplex than previusly thught. accrding t a new study published recently.
An internatinal team f researchers led by King's Cllege Lndn and Erasmus University Medical Center Rtterdam have identified 50 new genes fr eye clr in the largest genetic study f its kind t date. The study, published in Science Advances, invlved the genetic analysis f almst 195,000 peple acrss Eurpe and Asia.
These findings will help t imprve the understanding f eye diseases such as pigmentary glaucma and cular albinism, where eye pigment (色素) levels play a rle. In additin, the team fund that eye clr in Asians with different shades f brwn is genetically similar t eye clr in Eurpeans ranging frm dark brwn t light blue.
This study builds n previus research in which scientists had identified a dzen genes linked t eye clr, believing there t be many mre. Previusly, scientists thught that variatin in eye clr was cntrlled by ne r tw genes nly, with brwn eyes dminant (显性的) ver blue eyes.
C-senir authr Dr Pirr Hysi, King's Cllege Lndn, said: "The findings are exciting because they bring us t a step clser t understanding the genes that cause ne f the mst striking features f the human faces, which has mystified (使困感) generatins thrughut ur histry. This will imprve ur understanding f many diseases that we knw are assciated with specific pigmentatin levels."
C-senir authr Dr Manfred Kayser, Erasmus University Medical Center Rtterdam, said: "This study delivers the genetic knwledge needed t imprve eye clur predictin frm DNA as already applied in anthrplgical (人类学的) and frensic (法医的) studies, but with limited accuracy fr the nn-brwn and nn-blue eye clurs."
〔1〕What des Paragraph 3 talk abut?
A.The result and significance f the new study.
B.The key rle eye pigment plays in eye discases.
C.The detailed prgress f the newly-published study.
D.The difference in eye clrs f Asians and Eurpeans.
〔2〕What's Dr. Pirr Hysi's attitude twards the new findings?
A.Critical.
B.Disappinted.
C.Skeptical.
D.Supprtive.
〔3〕Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t the passage?
A.Scientists used t believe that eye clr depended n a variety f genes.
B.Dr. Manfred Kayser identifies that the study can be applied t all eye clrs.
C.Published in Science Advances, the study analyzed abut 195,000 peple glbally.
D.The research which identified 50 new genes fr eye clr is the biggest f its kind s far.
〔4〕What's the main idea f the passage?
A.Eye pigment levels are inked mst eye diseases.
B.A new study fund eye clrs may be inked with many genes.
C.Internatinal scientists cnduced a genetic analysis f eye clrs and diseases.
D.Studies shwed eye clrs f Asians were different frm thse f Eurpeans.
二、任务型阅读
5.任务型阅读
Self-cnfidence is cnnected with almst every aspect f a happy and fulfilling life. ________
If yu have been lacking in cnfidence, yu're prbably familiar with ver thinking ________But by being cnfident, yu will be able t break the cycle f ver-thinking,
________If yu have ever learned a language, mastered a skill, reached a fitness gal, r therwise vercme setbacks t get t where yu wanted t be, yu're well n yur way.
Yu might be thinking, "Well, sure, I was prud f my ‘A' in Calculus back in high schl, but what des that have t d with anything nw?" Lking back n yur life, yu'll pssibly find that every accmplishment takes effrts. ________
As yur cnfidence grws, yu'll find yurself mre driven t imprve yur abilities. ________But with self-assurance, thse thughts will n lnger be paralyzing (令人麻痹的). Instead, yu'll be able t smile and act anyway, feeling energized by yur prgress in achieving gals which mean smething t yu.
A. "What-if" thughts will still arise: "What if I fail?"
B. The mre cnfident yu are, the mre faith yu will have in yurself.
C. It is related t anxiety and wrry, which can make us cut ff frm the wrld.
D. Building self-cnfidence requires yu t keep a psitive attitude twards yur life.
E. Building cnfidence means taking small steps that leave a lasting sense f accmplishment.
F. A persn with self-cnfidence generally likes themselves and thinks psitively abut the future.
G. If yu culd vercme difficulties then, yu can d it in ther areas f yur life where yu feel self- dubt.
三、完形填空
6.完形填空
Ida Nelsn was in her sister's sauna (桑拿浴室), relaxing. Then she heard the lng lw sund f a small airplane 1 the nearby airprt.
It was 11:30 at night in the 2 f Igiugig, ppulatin 70, and, as she tld the New Yrk Times, "Any time a plane flies ver that 3 , yu knw smething is 4 ."
Nelsn and her sister leaped ut f the sauna, ran t the windw, and 5 the prblem: The airprt's runway lights were 6 .
Nelsn 7 n sme clthes, jumped int her car and 8 it t the airprt, where she fund a lcal pilt trying t turn n the lights by hand.
" 9 , if yu push the buttn 10 r 15 times, the lights will just light up," Nelsn said. Nt this time. Meanwhile, she and the pilt learned f the plane's 10 task: It was there t transprt a seriusly ill lcal girl t the nearest 11 , 280 miles away in Anchrage.
Nelsn had a 12 . Driving her car t the end f the runway, she 13 her headlights (车头灯) n the rad fr the plane t fllw. Great idea, but it wasn't 14 . Mre light was needed, s a neighbr called nearly every hme in the village — 32 f them.
Within 20 minutes, 20 15 arrived at the airprt. Fllwing directins frm the plane pilt, the cars 16 up n ne side f the runway.
The plane made its final 17 and, guided by the headlights, landed safely. The yung patient was laded nt the aircraft, and the plane 18 tk ff again.
In a wrld filled with uncertainty, the little 19 psitive activism was a big deal. Nt s much fr Nelsn. As she tld CNN, in Igiugig, cming tgether "is kind f a 20 deal."
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
7.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Turist destinatins in Eurpe are cnfident ________the strng grwth f China's winter sprts industry will benefit their ecnmies.
They believe that the natin's ________(rise) interest in such sprts, fueled by staging the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics, ________(be) especially significant fr the recvery f internatinal winter turism.
Ice and snw sprts in China are expected t attract 230 millin visits by participants in the 2021-21 winter seasn, accrding t the China Turism Academy.
A recent reprt ________ (release) by the academy said the cuntry's ttal investment in the sectr (领域) was mre than 900 billin yuan ver the past three years, including a ttal f 610 billin yuan fr 2021 and 2021.
Emanuel Lehner-Telic, Asia reginal manager at the Australian Natinal Turist Office, said: "Thse figures shw the eagerness ________(becme) ne f the wrld's leading winter sprts ________(natin). The speed ________which China's winter sprts industry has develped is unprecedented (前所未有的)."
The Chinese capital ________(select) t hst the 2022 Winter Olympics after beating Almaty — ________ largest city in Kazakhstan — by fur vtes in 2021. Since then, winter sprts ________(develp) has been fast-tracked in China.
五、短文改错
8.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及个单 词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号〔∧〕，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线〔\〕划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1〕每处错误及其修改仅限一词；
2〕只允许修改10处，多者〔从第11处起〕不计分。
Ready t leave, Charltte was lading her bags r bxes int the taxi. Befre she hit the rad, her parents gave her a warmly hug. Even thugh she felt really sad abut ging away fr cllege, she held back her tear and prmised t take gd care f herself. Then, ff he went.
Several mnths pass and final exams were cming. Charltte had s much studying t d that she felt a plenty f pressure. Then, she thught f her parents back hme, that she hadn't seen fr mnths. She gt really hmesick and culd hardly cntrl the urge t leave hme right away.
Weeks late, the exams finally came t an end and Charltte went straight hme fr the hliday. When she was finally with her family, she held them tightly and was happy t be spent the Lunar New Year with them.
六、提纲类作文
9.假定你是李华，你的英国好友Tm将要来中国留学，现在开始学习汉语。他最近收看了一台中文综艺节目?成语天下?，对成语产生了兴趣，感到既有趣又困惑，特用电邮向你询问。请你给他回电邮，以守株待兔为例来向他说明如何理解成语的内涵，内容包括：
1〕成语的根本介绍；
2〕守株待兔的故事及所蕴含的人生哲理；
3〕通过成语学习汉语的建议。
注意：
1〕词数100左右〔文章开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数〕；
2〕可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：成语chengyu/ fur character idims株/树桩stump
Dear Tm,
Hw are yu!
……
Yurs,
Li Hua
答案解析局部
一、阅读选择
1.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了一款可充电数码助听器的功能、特点、价格、售后效劳等方面的信息。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
1.(1)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“nly $ 229each when yu buy a pair〞如果你买一副的话，每个只要229美元，可知，购置两个助听器的价格为$458〔229*2〕。应选C。
1.(2)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“This quality hearing aid has the same key elements that all end digital hearing aids share〞这种高质量的数字助听器具有所有高端数字助听器所共有的关键元素。可知，HCR3和其他的助听器并非完全不同。应选B。
1.(3)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The new ec-friendly HearClearTM HCR3 Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aids which cmbine advanced technlgy with a lw price are nw available t yu fr an unbelievable price!〞新型环保的HearClearTM HCR3可充电数字助听器，结合了先进的技术和低廉的价格，现在就提供应您一个难以置信的价格！可知，本文是一那么可充电数码助听器的广告。这类广告通常会出现在杂志上。应选A。
2.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了张欣雅和她所创办的康复中心自成立以来，通过挖掘残障人士的潜能、教授根本的生活技能和自理能力，帮助众多残障人士融入社会的感人故事。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜想和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
2.(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“With severe mental challenges and amblypia (弱视), Xu Hafang's idea f the wrld was limited t her hme.〞患有严重精神障碍和弱视的徐浩芳，对世界的看法仅限于她的家；以及第二段中的 “She used t be ttally dependent n us and barely spke〞她以前完全依赖我们，几乎不说话。可知，徐浩芳去康复中心前生活不能自理，完全依靠父母，故徐浩芳去康复中心前面对的最大挑战应是她自身的残疾和对父母的过度依赖。应选C。
2.(2)考查词义猜想。根据第三段中的“Besides thse having challenges, the center als prvides assistance t thse wh are visually r hearing impaired (受损的).〞除了那些有困难的人，中心还为那些有视觉或听觉障碍的人提供帮助；以及“teach them the ability t take care f themselves〞教会他们照顾自己的能力。可推知，划线词所在局部意为“我们可以挖掘他们的潜力〞划线单词unearth 与ptential形成搭配，意为“挖掘潜力〞，应选A。
2.(3)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的 “Zhang later decided t vlunteer at the center, which eventually inspired her t pen her wn rehabilitatin facility (场所).〞张后来决定在该中心做志愿者，这也启发她开了自己的康复中心，可知，在公办康复中心做志愿者的经历促使她萌生创办康复中心的想法。应选B。
2.(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“‘Many f the individuals culd nt take care f themselves when they first came, …says Zhang. ’Seeing them make prgress is what makes this all wrthwhile. This is what drives me t keep ging.““许多人刚来的时候不能照顾自己，但现在他们可以拿着筷子或勺子自己吃。一些人过去一直沉默寡言，但现在他们可以唱歌跳舞了。看到他们的进步，这一切都是值得的。这就是我继续前进的动力。可以推断出通过在康复中心学习和训练，许多人在很多方面都有了进步。应选D。
3.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，美国宇航局NASA正在招募志愿者。这些志愿者们将在俄罗斯的火星模拟基地开展为期八个月的实验。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3.(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“…since NASA's Apll 17 missin landed in 1972.〞自1972年美国宇航局的阿波罗17号任务着陆以来。可知，阿波罗17号在1972年登月成功。应选A。
3.(2)考查推理判断。根据第三段“While the mn is the main gal f NASA's Artemis prgram, the agency's larger gal is t send peple t Mars. But lng term space travel and habitatin (居住) wn't be easy. Such missins will present bth physical and mental challenges as astrnauts wrk t nt nly survive, but perfrm imprtant scientific research in uniquely difficult envirnments.〞虽然月球是美国航天局阿耳特弥斯方案的主要目标，但该机构更大的目标是把人送上火星。但长期的太空旅行和居住并不容易。这样的任务将带来生理和心理上的挑战，因为宇航员不仅要生存，还要在独特的困难环境中进行重要的科学研究。可知，此次试验的目的是为下一步人类的载人太空航行方案做准备，应选D。
3.(3)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“This habitat facility was used in 2021 fr a ntable series f Russian mck Mars Missins knwn as Mars500.〞这个栖息地设施曾在2021年用于一系列著名的俄罗斯模拟火星任务，即“火星500〞。可知，该基地早在2021年就曾经被用于一系列模拟火星环境的试验，因此作者提到Mars500的目的是说明该基地被美国航天局选中作为实验地点的原因。应选B。
3.(4)考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“NASA is lking fr peple t spend 8 mnths lcked in a Russian lab fr a new experiment.〞美国宇航局正在寻找被关在俄罗斯实验室8个月进行新实验的人。可知，此文主要介绍了美国航天局拟在俄罗斯境内的火星模拟实验基地进行为期8个月的封闭试验，为此需要招募志愿者。应选C。
4.【解析】【分析】本文是一那么新闻报道，介绍了King's Cllege Lndn和Erasmus University Medical Center Rtterdam 的研究人员发现人类眼球颜色由50种基因决定。这一发现颠覆了人们的认识。
【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4.(1)考查段落大意。根据第三段中的“These findings will help t imprve the understanding f eye diseases such as pigmentary glaucma and cular albinism, where eye pigment (色素) levels play a rle.〞这些发现将有助于提高对眼病的理解，如色素性青光眼和眼部白化病，在这些疾病中眼部色素水平发挥作用。可推断，第三段是在介绍这份研究的结果和意义。应选A。
4.(2)考查推理判断。根据第五段中的 “The findings are exciting because they bring us t a step clser t understanding the genes that cause ne f the mst striking features f the human faces, which has mystified (使困感) generatins thrughut ur histry. This will imprve ur understanding f many diseases that we knw are assciated with specific pigmentatin levels.〞 这些发现令人兴奋，因为它们让我们更接近理解导致人类面部最显著特征之一的基因，这些基因在我们的历史上迷惑了几代人。这将提高我们对许多我们所知道的与特定色素沉着水平相关的疾病的理解。可推断，Dr Pirr Hysi对最新研究发现持赞同态度，应选D。
4.(3)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“…identified 50 new genes fr eye clr in the largest genetic study f its kind t date〞在迄今为止最大的同类基因研究中发现了50个关于眼睛颜色的新基因，可知，此次研究是该类型研究中迄今为止最大的，应选D。
4.(4)考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“The genetics f human eye clr is much mre cmplex than previusly thught. accrding t a new study published recently.〞 根据最近发表的一项新的研究,人眼颜色的遗传学比以前认为的要复杂得多；以及下文的介绍可知，这篇科普报道主要介绍了研究人员发现人类眼球颜色由50种基因决定，应选B。
二、任务型阅读
5.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自信的重要性以及如何建立自信的几点建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的根底上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
三、完形填空
6.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了机场跑道上的灯出现问题，无法照明，使得一架来运送当地一个病重女孩去医院的飞机无法降落在机场。最后Nelsn和全村人用汽车前灯照亮了跑道，使得飞机顺利降落，成功接到了病重的女孩。
【点评】考查完形填空，此题考点涉及动词，名词，副词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
7.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道的是欧洲一些旅游目的地对中国的冬季运动产业很有信心，认为在即将举办的2022年北京冬季奥运会的刺激下，中国冬季运动产业的增长对他们的经济和国际冬季旅游业的恢复有益。
【点评】考查语法填空，此题考点涉及宾语从句，非谓语动词，时态，主谓一致，名词，介词，语态，冠词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
五、短文改错
8.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Charltte离开家去上大学的依依不舍之情，和在大学期间对家人的思念之情。
①句意：夏洛蒂正准备离开，把她的包和箱子装上出租车。bags和bxes为并列关系，需用连词and连接。故r改为and。
②句意：在她上路之前，她的父母给了她一个温暖的拥抱。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词hug。故warmly改为warm。
③句意：尽管要去上大学她真的很难过，但她忍住眼泪，容许会好好照顾自己。tear“眼泪，泪水〞，是可数名词，常用复数。hld back tears固定短语，“忍住泪水〞。故tear改为tears。
④句意：然后，她走了。夏洛蒂是女生，故he改为she。
⑤句意：几个月过去了，期末考试就要来了。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，故pass改为passed。
⑥句意：夏洛蒂有那么多功课要做，她感到很大的压力。plenty f，固定短语，“大量的〞。故a多余，应去掉。故将a去掉。
⑦句意：她想到了家里的父母亲，她已经有几个月没有见到他们了。此处引导非限制性定语从句，定语从句的先行词是parents，指人，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词wh/whm引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故that改为wh/whm。
⑧句意：她非常想家，控制不住立刻动身回家的冲动。根据意思可知，这里不是指“离开家〞，而是指“出发、动身回家〞。leave fr固定短语，“动身去某处〞，故在leave后面加fr。
⑨句意：几周后，考试终于结束了，夏洛蒂直接回家度假了。“几周之后〞正确的表达方式是“weeks later〞，“weeks late〞是晚了几周的意思。故late改为later。
⑩句意：当她终于和家人在一起时，她紧紧地抱着他们，很快乐能和他们一起过春节。 t be spent是不定式的被动式，句子主语是她，此处不应该用被动形式，所以应该变成t be ding不定式的进行式，不定式的进行式是表示与谓语动作同时发生且正在进行的动作。故spent改为spending。
【点评】考查短文改错，此题考点涉及连词，形容词，名词，代词，时态，冠词，定语从句，介词，副词以及非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
六、提纲类作文
9.【解析】【分析】此题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份，回电邮，以守株待兔为例来说明如何理解成语的内涵。写作背景：你的英国好友Tm将要来中国留学，现在开始学习汉语。他最近收看了一台中文综艺节目?成语天下?，对成语产生了兴趣，感到既有趣又困惑，特用电邮向你询问。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1〕成语的根本介绍；2〕守株待兔的故事及所蕴含的人生哲理；3〕通过成语学习汉语的建议。提示中的内容比拟泛泛，需要适当补充。此题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：It's a pleasure t see yur enthusiasm fr learning Chinese and I'm srry t hear that yu are having truble understanding Chinese idims. 运用了并列句，it作形式主语，不定式作原因状语，宾语从句；
It came frm an ancient stry where a farmer came acrss a dumb rabbit running int a tree stump and killing itself.运用了限制性定语从句； In a wrd, unless yu knw the stry frm which the idim was derived and its cmmn usage, a chengyu will sund like randm nnsense t a freigner, s I strngly recmmend yu t g and buy a gd chengyu dictinary. 运用了条件状语从句，限制性定语从句，因果并列句；Shuld yu have any further questin, please dn't hesitate t ask.运用了倒装句，祈使句。1. A. passing
B. circling
C. leaving
D. attacking
2. A. village
B. city
C. cunty
D. state
3. A. early
B. high
C. late
D. fast
4. A. missing
B. special
C. cmplete
D. wrng
5. A. saw
B. avided
C. slved
D. caused
6. A. abve
B. away
C. n
D. ut
7. A. threw
B. cmmented
C. tried
D. decided
8. A. hired
B. flred
C. stle
D. backed
9. A. Obviusly
B. Unexpectedly
C. Frtunately
D. Usually
10. A. dangerus
B. difficult
C. urgent
D. secret
11. A. hspital
B. schl
C. cmpany
D. building
12. A. rest
B. plan
C. cld
D. walk
13. A. hid
B. shne
C. studied
D. cleaned
14. A. funny
B. bad
C. enugh
D. safe
15. A. planes
B. trains
C. plicemen
D. vehicles
16. A. speeded
B. blew
C. lined
D. burned
17. A. exit
B. apprach
C. trip
D. flight
18. A. gradually
B. surprisingly
C. immediately
D. clumsily
19. A. cmmunity's
B. patient's
C. pilt's
D. plane's
20. A. rare
B. big
C. uncertain
D. nrmal
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