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初中英语中考复习专项-连词与状语从句课件PPT
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这是一份初中英语中考复习专项-连词与状语从句课件PPT，共50页。PPT课件主要包含了并列连词，CONTENTS，连词的概念及分类，从属连词及状语从句，状语从句的概念及分类，从属连词，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，目的状语从句，结果状语从句等内容，欢迎下载使用。
概念：是一种虚词，不做句子成分，在句子中主要起连接词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子的作用。
分类：并列连词、从属连词。
概念：并列连词是用来表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系、因果关系等的词或短语。用法：1. 表示并列、顺承或递进关系的连词或连词短语1) and “和；并且”e.g. I like apples and ranges.2) bth…and… “……和……都；两者都”e.g. Bth yu and I are gd at Physics.
3) as well as “也，还”e.g. He speaks Chinese as well as English.Bb as well as his parents is ging n hliday. 注意：as well as 并列两个主语时，谓语动词的选择遵循“就远原则”
4) nt nly…but als… “不仅……而且……”e.g. My daughter can nt nly sing but als dance.Nt nly I but als Tm is ging t climb muntains. 注意：nt nly…but als… 并列两个主语时，谓语动词的选择遵循“就近原则”
2. 表示转折关系、对比关系1) but “但是”e.g. Mr. Black is very pr, but he feels happy.2) yet “然而”（表转折）e.g. It’s strange, yet true.3) while “然而”（表对比）e.g. In that village, wmen g ut t make mney while men lk after babies at hme.
3. 表选择关系1) either…r… “要么……要么……”e.g. Either yu r she is ging t climb the muntain with me tmrrw. 注意：并列两个主语时，谓语动词的选择遵循“就近原则”
2) r “或者；否则”；在否定句中代替ande.g. Are yu a teacher r a student?Study hard, r yu will fail the exam.3) neither…nr “既不……也不……”e.g. Neither yu nr she has passed the exam. 注意：并列两个主语时，谓语动词的选择遵循“就近原则”
4. 表因果关系1) s “所以，因此”e.g. Lily missed the schl bus this mrning, s she was late fr schl.2) fr “所以，因此”e.g. Yu can’t meet him here, fr he has gne t Beijing.
小练 1. （2016河北）Victria, hurry up! _______ we can’t arrive there n time. A. OrB. SC. ButD. And
2. （2016云南）The bss was very rich, __________ it didn’t make him happy because he was always wrried abut lsing his mney. A. butB. and C. r D. althugh
引导时间状语从句的连词
时间状语从句的概念：用表示时间的从属连词连接一个句子，在句中作时间状语的句子。
1. when/while/as “当……时”：1) when引导的从句中，谓语动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是短暂性的。e.g. When I was twelve, I ften went t that park with my grandmther.
2) while引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性的，表示“一边……一边”，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生或主句动作发生在从句动作的过程中。e.g. He fell asleep while he was ding his hmewrk.3) as多用于口语，表示主句和从句动作发生在同一时间，常译为“随着”。引导过去时的时间状语从句时，如果是短暂性动词常用一般过去时，延续性动词常用过去进行时。e.g. As he grew lder, he became less active.
2. befre “在……之前”：表示主句动作发生在befre引导的从句动作之前。e.g. Please send me messages befre yu leave.3. after “在……之后”：表示主句动作发生在after引导的从句动作之后。e.g. Yu can g ut t play sccer after yu finish it.
4. since “自从”：since表示“自从”的含义时，多用于主句是现在完成时的句子，且引导的从句常用一般过去时。e.g. I have taught them English since I graduated.5. nt…until “直到……才”; until “直到”：e.g. They didn’t leave until the rain stpped.
6. as sn as “一……就……”：e.g. I will write t yu as sn as I get t Lndn.注意：时间状语从句中，也会用到“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。e.g. I will tell him as sn as I see him.
条件状语从句的概念：用表示条件的从属连词引导一个句子，给主句动作的发生限定条件的句子。
引导条件状语从句的连词
1. 条件状语从句引导词：1) if “如果”e.g. I will g t the mvies if I am free.2) unless “除非”e.g. Yu will fail the exam unless yu study hard.3) as lng as “只要”e.g. There is always hpe, as lng as yu dn’t give up.
2. 条件状语从句的用法：在条件状语从句中，通常主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时来表示将来时的含义，即“主将从现”原则。e.g. If yu tell me the truth, I will help yu in time.
3. 其他用法：条件状语从句“主将从现”通常可以在表意不变的情况下，和情态动词、祈使句、and/r进行互相转化。原句：If yu study hard, yu will get gd grades in the final exam.1）主句含有情态动词的条件句：If yu study hard, yu can get gd grades in the final exam.在和情态动词的转化过程中，从句不变，主句的一般将来时will可以用情态动词代替，即“主情从现”。
2）主句含有祈使句的条件句：e.g. Study hard, if yu want t get gd grades in the final exam.在和祈使句的转化过程中，主句不变，从句直接转化成对应的祈使句，即“主祈从现”。3）① 和and（表递进）的转化：Study hard, and yu will get gd grades in the final exam.② 和r（表转折）的转化：Study hard, r yu will nt get gd grades in the final exam.
引导原因状语从句的连词
原因状语从句的概念：用表示原因的从属连词引导一个句子，给主句动作的发生说明原因的从句。
原因状语从句引导词1. because “因为”。e.g. I wanted t g t the z because I liked animals very much.注意: 1) because和s不能同时出现在一个句子中。e.g. Because it was raining, we stayed at hme. = It was raining, s we stayed at hme. 2) because f 也表示原因，但它后面不接从句, 只能接名词, 代词或动名词。
2. Since一般放于主句之前表示已知的、显然的理由(通常被翻译成“既然”= nw that )，较为正式，语气比because弱。e.g. Since yu dn’t trust him, yu shuld nt emply him.3. as as的位置较为灵活(常放于主句之前)，语气比since弱，较为正式。且附带说明的“双方已知的原因”，含有对比说明的意味。e.g. As yu are tired, yu had better rest.
目的状语从句的概念：用表示目的的从属连词引导一个句子，说明主句动作的发生的目的的句子。
引导目的状语从句的连词
1. s that “为了”e.g. She wrked hard s that everything wuld be ready by 5 ’clck.2. in rder that“为了”e.g. He wrks hard in rder that his family may be happy.
注意：in rder t 也可用来表示目的，但它后跟的是动词原形，是简单句；而in rder that 后跟从句，是复合句、状语从句。e.g. They wrk hard in rder t get gd result. (简单句)They wrk hard in rder that they can get gd grades. （复合句）
引导结果状语从句的连词
结果状语从句的概念：用表示结果的连词连接一个句子，在句中给主句动作作结果状语的句子。
adj. +a/an +n+ that +从句S “如此……以至于……” adj./adv. + that + 从句e.g. He is s lvely a by that everyne likes him.He is s lvely that everyne likes him.He speaks s quickly that n ne can catch him.2. such +( a/an )+ adj. +n+ that +从句 “如此……以至于……”e.g. He is such a lvely by that everyne likes him.It is such great weather tday.
+a/an + adj. +单n+ that +从句2. such “如此……以至于……” +adj. + 不可数n/复n + that + 从句e.g. He is such a lvely by that everyne likes him.It is such great weather tday.They are such clever bys.
让步状语从句的概念：用表示让步的连词连接一个句子，在句中给主句作让步状语的句子。
引导让步状语从句的连词
thugh/althugh 虽然，尽管”两者都表示让步，一般情况下可互换使用，只是althugh语气较重，大多置于句首，可与yet连用但不与but连用。e.g. They are happy thugh they are pr.Althugh he is a Japanese, he can speak Chinese well.
2. even thugh/even if“尽管，即使” e.g. Even thugh / if the weather is bad, we will g t a picnic.3. wh-ever 类引导词的用法在英语中wh-ever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句。引导让步状语从句时常可换成“n matter+相应的wh-词”。e.g. Whenever I feel sad, my friend cheers me up.= N matter when I feel sad, my friend cheers me up.
引导地点状语从句的连词
地点状语从句的概念：用表示地点的连词连接一个句子，在句中给主句作地点状语的句子。
1. where “在……地方”e.g. G back where yu came frm.注意：where引导的定语从句与地点状语从句 辨析：G back where yu came frm. （where引导的地点状语从句）G back t the village where yu came frm. （where引导的定语从句修饰先行词village）
2. wherever “无论哪里”e.g. Wherever yu g, I will fllw yu.
小练 1. Nbdy believed him __________ he said. A. n matter whenB. n matter hw C. n matter whatD. n matter where
2. After the war, a new schl was built __________ there had been a theatre.thatB. whereC. whenD. which
3. She went there __________ early __________ she gt a gd seat.such; thatB. t; tC. s; thatD. enugh; t
练习 1.（2017陕西）…Yu may read bks here_________ yu help me clean the shp.… A. if B. althughC. befreD. unless
2. (2016海南）— When shall we send the washing machine t yu, Mrs. Read?— __________ n Thursday ____________ n Friday, please. I will be at hmethen.A. Nt nly; but als B. Bth; and C. Either; r D. Neither; nr
练习 3.（2015陕西中考真题改编） … A: Oh, did yu g anywhere? B: Yes, I went t a farm with my classmate. A: ____________________________? B: Because we are ding an Experimental Educatin Prject next year? A: Experimental Educatin Prject ? …
4. （2017陕西中考）… I will be pleased __________ yu like it.… A. befre B. whether C. thugh D. if
5.（2018陕西中考）… _________ he almst lse heart, Amy gave him lts f help and supprted his dream.…A. befre B. when C. unless D. if
5. 在写作中，为了使句子的表达更加流畅，我们会使用并列连词和从属连词来进行过渡。（2018年陕西中考英语）假如你是李华，上周日你在家独自照看你5岁的妹妹Nana,请根据表格内容，写一篇短文。
范文：Last Sunday, my parents were nt at hme, s I lked after my 5-year-ld sister Nana at hme.In the mrning, I tld her many funny stries first. Then we sang and danced happily tgether. I als taught her t speak a few simple English wrds and she learned well At nn, I cked ndles with tmates and eggs. She said they were delicius, I was very glad that she enjyed thelunch. Then we had a rest, In the afternn, we played games tgether.After that, we watched cartns until my parents came back,I felt tired but happy.
Where引导的定语从句和状语从句的区分
1.并列连词的应用2.从属连词引导状语从句的应用
个别并列连词短语的就近原则
概念：是一种虚词，不做句子成分，在句子中主要起连接词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子的作用。
分类：并列连词、从属连词。
概念：并列连词是用来表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系、因果关系等的词或短语。用法：1. 表示并列、顺承或递进关系的连词或连词短语1) and “和；并且”e.g. I like apples and ranges.2) bth…and… “……和……都；两者都”e.g. Bth yu and I are gd at Physics.
3) as well as “也，还”e.g. He speaks Chinese as well as English.Bb as well as his parents is ging n hliday. 注意：as well as 并列两个主语时，谓语动词的选择遵循“就远原则”
4) nt nly…but als… “不仅……而且……”e.g. My daughter can nt nly sing but als dance.Nt nly I but als Tm is ging t climb muntains. 注意：nt nly…but als… 并列两个主语时，谓语动词的选择遵循“就近原则”
2. 表示转折关系、对比关系1) but “但是”e.g. Mr. Black is very pr, but he feels happy.2) yet “然而”（表转折）e.g. It’s strange, yet true.3) while “然而”（表对比）e.g. In that village, wmen g ut t make mney while men lk after babies at hme.
3. 表选择关系1) either…r… “要么……要么……”e.g. Either yu r she is ging t climb the muntain with me tmrrw. 注意：并列两个主语时，谓语动词的选择遵循“就近原则”
2) r “或者；否则”；在否定句中代替ande.g. Are yu a teacher r a student?Study hard, r yu will fail the exam.3) neither…nr “既不……也不……”e.g. Neither yu nr she has passed the exam. 注意：并列两个主语时，谓语动词的选择遵循“就近原则”
4. 表因果关系1) s “所以，因此”e.g. Lily missed the schl bus this mrning, s she was late fr schl.2) fr “所以，因此”e.g. Yu can’t meet him here, fr he has gne t Beijing.
小练 1. （2016河北）Victria, hurry up! _______ we can’t arrive there n time. A. OrB. SC. ButD. And
2. （2016云南）The bss was very rich, __________ it didn’t make him happy because he was always wrried abut lsing his mney. A. butB. and C. r D. althugh
引导时间状语从句的连词
时间状语从句的概念：用表示时间的从属连词连接一个句子，在句中作时间状语的句子。
1. when/while/as “当……时”：1) when引导的从句中，谓语动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是短暂性的。e.g. When I was twelve, I ften went t that park with my grandmther.
2) while引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性的，表示“一边……一边”，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生或主句动作发生在从句动作的过程中。e.g. He fell asleep while he was ding his hmewrk.3) as多用于口语，表示主句和从句动作发生在同一时间，常译为“随着”。引导过去时的时间状语从句时，如果是短暂性动词常用一般过去时，延续性动词常用过去进行时。e.g. As he grew lder, he became less active.
2. befre “在……之前”：表示主句动作发生在befre引导的从句动作之前。e.g. Please send me messages befre yu leave.3. after “在……之后”：表示主句动作发生在after引导的从句动作之后。e.g. Yu can g ut t play sccer after yu finish it.
4. since “自从”：since表示“自从”的含义时，多用于主句是现在完成时的句子，且引导的从句常用一般过去时。e.g. I have taught them English since I graduated.5. nt…until “直到……才”; until “直到”：e.g. They didn’t leave until the rain stpped.
6. as sn as “一……就……”：e.g. I will write t yu as sn as I get t Lndn.注意：时间状语从句中，也会用到“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。e.g. I will tell him as sn as I see him.
条件状语从句的概念：用表示条件的从属连词引导一个句子，给主句动作的发生限定条件的句子。
引导条件状语从句的连词
1. 条件状语从句引导词：1) if “如果”e.g. I will g t the mvies if I am free.2) unless “除非”e.g. Yu will fail the exam unless yu study hard.3) as lng as “只要”e.g. There is always hpe, as lng as yu dn’t give up.
2. 条件状语从句的用法：在条件状语从句中，通常主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时来表示将来时的含义，即“主将从现”原则。e.g. If yu tell me the truth, I will help yu in time.
3. 其他用法：条件状语从句“主将从现”通常可以在表意不变的情况下，和情态动词、祈使句、and/r进行互相转化。原句：If yu study hard, yu will get gd grades in the final exam.1）主句含有情态动词的条件句：If yu study hard, yu can get gd grades in the final exam.在和情态动词的转化过程中，从句不变，主句的一般将来时will可以用情态动词代替，即“主情从现”。
2）主句含有祈使句的条件句：e.g. Study hard, if yu want t get gd grades in the final exam.在和祈使句的转化过程中，主句不变，从句直接转化成对应的祈使句，即“主祈从现”。3）① 和and（表递进）的转化：Study hard, and yu will get gd grades in the final exam.② 和r（表转折）的转化：Study hard, r yu will nt get gd grades in the final exam.
引导原因状语从句的连词
原因状语从句的概念：用表示原因的从属连词引导一个句子，给主句动作的发生说明原因的从句。
原因状语从句引导词1. because “因为”。e.g. I wanted t g t the z because I liked animals very much.注意: 1) because和s不能同时出现在一个句子中。e.g. Because it was raining, we stayed at hme. = It was raining, s we stayed at hme. 2) because f 也表示原因，但它后面不接从句, 只能接名词, 代词或动名词。
2. Since一般放于主句之前表示已知的、显然的理由(通常被翻译成“既然”= nw that )，较为正式，语气比because弱。e.g. Since yu dn’t trust him, yu shuld nt emply him.3. as as的位置较为灵活(常放于主句之前)，语气比since弱，较为正式。且附带说明的“双方已知的原因”，含有对比说明的意味。e.g. As yu are tired, yu had better rest.
目的状语从句的概念：用表示目的的从属连词引导一个句子，说明主句动作的发生的目的的句子。
引导目的状语从句的连词
1. s that “为了”e.g. She wrked hard s that everything wuld be ready by 5 ’clck.2. in rder that“为了”e.g. He wrks hard in rder that his family may be happy.
注意：in rder t 也可用来表示目的，但它后跟的是动词原形，是简单句；而in rder that 后跟从句，是复合句、状语从句。e.g. They wrk hard in rder t get gd result. (简单句)They wrk hard in rder that they can get gd grades. （复合句）
引导结果状语从句的连词
结果状语从句的概念：用表示结果的连词连接一个句子，在句中给主句动作作结果状语的句子。
adj. +a/an +n+ that +从句S “如此……以至于……” adj./adv. + that + 从句e.g. He is s lvely a by that everyne likes him.He is s lvely that everyne likes him.He speaks s quickly that n ne can catch him.2. such +( a/an )+ adj. +n+ that +从句 “如此……以至于……”e.g. He is such a lvely by that everyne likes him.It is such great weather tday.
+a/an + adj. +单n+ that +从句2. such “如此……以至于……” +adj. + 不可数n/复n + that + 从句e.g. He is such a lvely by that everyne likes him.It is such great weather tday.They are such clever bys.
让步状语从句的概念：用表示让步的连词连接一个句子，在句中给主句作让步状语的句子。
引导让步状语从句的连词
thugh/althugh 虽然，尽管”两者都表示让步，一般情况下可互换使用，只是althugh语气较重，大多置于句首，可与yet连用但不与but连用。e.g. They are happy thugh they are pr.Althugh he is a Japanese, he can speak Chinese well.
2. even thugh/even if“尽管，即使” e.g. Even thugh / if the weather is bad, we will g t a picnic.3. wh-ever 类引导词的用法在英语中wh-ever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句。引导让步状语从句时常可换成“n matter+相应的wh-词”。e.g. Whenever I feel sad, my friend cheers me up.= N matter when I feel sad, my friend cheers me up.
引导地点状语从句的连词
地点状语从句的概念：用表示地点的连词连接一个句子，在句中给主句作地点状语的句子。
1. where “在……地方”e.g. G back where yu came frm.注意：where引导的定语从句与地点状语从句 辨析：G back where yu came frm. （where引导的地点状语从句）G back t the village where yu came frm. （where引导的定语从句修饰先行词village）
2. wherever “无论哪里”e.g. Wherever yu g, I will fllw yu.
小练 1. Nbdy believed him __________ he said. A. n matter whenB. n matter hw C. n matter whatD. n matter where
2. After the war, a new schl was built __________ there had been a theatre.thatB. whereC. whenD. which
3. She went there __________ early __________ she gt a gd seat.such; thatB. t; tC. s; thatD. enugh; t
练习 1.（2017陕西）…Yu may read bks here_________ yu help me clean the shp.… A. if B. althughC. befreD. unless
2. (2016海南）— When shall we send the washing machine t yu, Mrs. Read?— __________ n Thursday ____________ n Friday, please. I will be at hmethen.A. Nt nly; but als B. Bth; and C. Either; r D. Neither; nr
练习 3.（2015陕西中考真题改编） … A: Oh, did yu g anywhere? B: Yes, I went t a farm with my classmate. A: ____________________________? B: Because we are ding an Experimental Educatin Prject next year? A: Experimental Educatin Prject ? …
4. （2017陕西中考）… I will be pleased __________ yu like it.… A. befre B. whether C. thugh D. if
5.（2018陕西中考）… _________ he almst lse heart, Amy gave him lts f help and supprted his dream.…A. befre B. when C. unless D. if
5. 在写作中，为了使句子的表达更加流畅，我们会使用并列连词和从属连词来进行过渡。（2018年陕西中考英语）假如你是李华，上周日你在家独自照看你5岁的妹妹Nana,请根据表格内容，写一篇短文。
范文：Last Sunday, my parents were nt at hme, s I lked after my 5-year-ld sister Nana at hme.In the mrning, I tld her many funny stries first. Then we sang and danced happily tgether. I als taught her t speak a few simple English wrds and she learned well At nn, I cked ndles with tmates and eggs. She said they were delicius, I was very glad that she enjyed thelunch. Then we had a rest, In the afternn, we played games tgether.After that, we watched cartns until my parents came back,I felt tired but happy.
Where引导的定语从句和状语从句的区分
1.并列连词的应用2.从属连词引导状语从句的应用
个别并列连词短语的就近原则
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