2021届高考英语复习之真题重点词汇短语及练习（二十）

2021高考英语复习之真题重点词汇短语及练习（二十）
2017-2020熟词生义词块1：key熟义：n. 钥匙生义：adj. 主要的；关键的出现生义的真题例句：(2018全国Ⅱ卷) According to the report’s key findings, “the proportion who say they ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.” 2：monitor 熟义：n.班长生义：vt.监控，监视出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅲ卷) The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone.3：offer熟义：n. & vt. 提供，提出生义：n. 邀请出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅲ卷) My dad thinks I should take the offer now. 4：record熟义：n.& v. 记录生义：adj. 创纪录的出现生义的真题例句：(2019全国Ⅲ卷) The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences. 5：rest:熟义：v. & n. 休息生义：v.倚，靠  n.剩余部分出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅰ卷) Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up—and out—the side of the hole. 6：ring熟义：n. 铃声；戒指 v. (给……)打电话生义：v. 听起来出现生义的真题例句：(2018全国Ⅰ卷)These words still ring true today in my role as a journalist.7：season熟义：n. 季节生义：n.赛季出现生义的真题例句：(2019全国Ⅱ卷) The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. 8：save:熟义：vt. 救助；挽救生义：vt.节省，节约出现生义的真题例句：(2018全国Ⅰ卷) I jumped the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to save a few dollars? 9：sit 熟义：vi. 坐 vt. 使坐下生义：v. 坐以待毙；无所作为出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅱ卷) When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn’t sit quietly.10：life熟义：n. 生命，生活 生义：n. 活力，热情出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅲ卷) She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life.11：look熟义：v. 看，瞧，注视生义：v. 打算；准备；计划；盼着出现生义的真题例句：(2018全国Ⅰ卷)  Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. (be looking to do sth 想做某事)12：mean熟义：v. 意味着；打算生义：adj.不善良的；刻薄的出现生义的真题例句：(2019全国Ⅰ卷) Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. 13：pack熟义：n. 包  v. 打包装生义：n. 一群(动物)；一窝(动物)出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅲ卷) The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone.14：paper熟义：n. 纸；纸张生义：n. 论文出现生义的真题例句：(2018全国Ⅰ卷)  In order to pass the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to apply what we would learn in class to our future professions ... 15：present熟义：v.赠送；呈献生义：v.上演; 演出出现生义的真题例句：(2019全国Ⅲ卷) Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami (折纸术) artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. 16：pick up熟义：捡起；(开车)接人生义：参加；挑选；购买出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅰ卷)Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit.17：production熟义：n. 生产；产量生义：n.演出；推出作品出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅱ卷) The company’s productions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre.18：put down熟义：写下，记录生义：付(定金)出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅱ卷)Around 100 people have already put down a ＄10,000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale… 19：read:熟义：v. 阅读生义：n.好的(或有意思等的)读物出现生义的真题例句：(2019全国Ⅱ卷) Here she picks her top reads. 20：Special:熟义：adj. 特别的生义：n. 特色菜出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅰ卷)Our cafe offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. 21：stand up熟义：站起来生义：支持出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅱ卷)  When the studio didn’t want me for the film—it wanted somebody as well-known as Paul—he stood up for me. 22：tap熟义：n.& v.轻拍，轻敲生义：v.利用；发掘出现生义的真题例句：(2019全国Ⅰ卷) The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work.23：tight熟义：adj. 牢固的；紧的生义：adj. (经济)紧张的出现生义的真题例句：(2018全国Ⅰ卷)  ...but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role — showing families how  to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. 24：trip 熟义：n. 旅游；旅行生义：v. 绊倒；结巴出现生义的真题例句：(2019全国Ⅰ卷) “I’m here to tell you today why you should…should…” Chris trips on the “-ld,” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. 25：update熟义：vt. 更新；升级生义：n. 最新消息出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅱ卷) Through the years, I’d run into former students who would provide updates on old classmates. 26：value熟义：n.价值生义：n.值；数值出现生义的真题例句：(2019全国Ⅲ卷) After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys  would go for the higher values more than half the time. 27：window:熟义：n. 窗户生义：n. 一段时间(2018全国Ⅰ卷)According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions(排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.28：work熟义：vi. 工作生义：vi. 奏效；起作用 出现生义的真题例句：(2018全国Ⅲ卷) I found the pre-holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things, and it worked. (2017全国Ⅰ卷)Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.课后练习（一）The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. ＂We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.In the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂switch＂where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输).Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.A new study of different plants.B.A big fall in crime rates.C.Employees from various workplaces.D.Benefits from green plants.2.What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer?A.To detect plants’ lack of waterB.To change compositions of plantsC.To make the life of plants longer.D.To test chemicals in plants.3.What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?A.They will speed up energy production.B.They may transmit electricity to the home.C.They might help reduce energy consumption.D.They could take the place of power plants.4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Can we grow more glowing plants?B.How do we live with glowing plants?C.Could glowing plants replace lamps?D.How are glowing plants made pollution-free? 参考答案：DACC课后练习（二）At the age of seven,while his friends were spending their allowances on things like candy and toys,Jose Adolfo Quisocola was busy saving money for basic purchases.To try to get his peers(同龄人) to do the same,the boy from Peru came up with the idea of an eco-bank,the Bartselana Student Bank,which allows kids of all ages to become financially independent while also helping the environment.Set up in 2012,the bank is the world’s first bank for kids.To become a member,a kid has to bring in at least 5 kilograms of solid waste and set a savings goal.Once accepted,all bank “partners” are required to deposit at least one additional kilogram of recyclables on a monthly basis and observe other requirements,such as attending financial education and environmental management workshops.The waste accumulated is sold to local recycling companies,who,thanks to Jose’s efforts,pay a higher-than-market rate for everything brought in by the bank members.The money received is placed in the personal account where they collect until the savings goal is reached.The account holder can then withdraw the money,or choose to leave it and continue to grow for a bigger target.“At the beginning,my teachers thought I was crazy or that a child could not undertake this type of project,” Jose recalls.“They do not understand that we are not the future of the country but its present.Luckily,I had the support of the school headmaster and an assistant in my class.”The boy’s efforts paid off,and by 2013,the bank had over 200 members,who brought in one ton of recyclable waste.Today,the eco-bank,which now has the support of several local institutions,has ten educational centers.They are designed to teach over 3,000 students,aged 10 to 18,to become financially independent,use their money wisely,and help the environment.Not surprisingly,Jose’s efforts have earned him several national and international awards.On November 20,2018,Jose won Children’s Climate Prize,which comes with a medal and $5,500 in prize money and is given to a child or youth who has accomplished an extraordinary achievement for the climate or environment.1.Why did Jose set up the bank?A.To raise money and set up a recycling company.B.To buy necessities and donate them to needy kids.C.To save much money and protect the environment.D.To educate the students and help them win prizes.2.How can a kid be admitted to the eco-bank at first?A.By donating to the eco-bank.B.By turning in one kilogram of waste in a month.C.By sending in an application.D.By presenting a goal and a certain amount of waste.3.How did the teachers feel about Jose’s program?A.Doubtful. B.Excited.     C.Moved. D.Worried.4.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?A.The improvement of the environment.B.The achievement of the project.C.The amount of the waste that has been recycled.D.The support the local institutions get.参考答案：C D A B