2020版高考一轮复习英语新课改外研版学案：必修3Module2DevelopingandDevelopedCountries



(一)课前自主学习

Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意
1．human n．　　　　　　　　　 (与动物等对比的)人_
2．index n. 指数_
3．household n. 一家人；家庭_
4．charity n. 慈善团体_
5．freeway n. 高速公路_
6．vast adj. 巨大的；庞大的；浩瀚的_
Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形
1．income n．[纵联1] 收入
2．poverty n. 贫穷
3．measure vt. 测定；测量；评估
4．goal n. 目标
5．position n. 位置；职位
6．figure n．[纵联2] 数字
7．homeless adj.[纵联3] 无家可归的
8．tourism n. 旅游业
9．smart adj. 漂亮的；整洁的；时髦的
10．exchange n. 交换
Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变
1．hunger n．饥饿→hungry adj.饥饿的
2．development n．发展→develop vt.& vi.(使)发展→developing adj.发展中的→developed adj.发达的
3．educate vt.教育；培养；训练→education n．教育→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的
4．crowded adj.拥挤的→crowd n．人群 v．聚拢[纵联4]
5．inhabitant n．居民→inhabit v．居住
6．similarity n．类似；相似→similar adj.相似的→similarly adv.相似地；同样地
7．unfortunate adj.不幸的；遗憾的→unfortunately adv.不幸地→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→fortune n．幸运；运气
8．location n．位置；所在地→locate vt.使坐落于 vi.定位；定居→located adj.位于
9．transport n．交通工具→transportation n．交通；运输[纵联5]
10．industrial adj.工业的→industry n．工业
11．polluted adj.受到污染的→pollute vt.污染→pollution n．污染
12．entertainment n．娱乐→entertain vt.使欢乐→entertaining adj.使人愉快的

纵联1.各种“收入”都想到
①income n．收入，收益　　　　 ②pay n．报酬；薪水
③salary n．薪水 ④wage n．工资
⑤profit n．利润；收益 ⑥earnings n．工资；收入
纵联2.各类“人物”来相聚
①a historical figure历史人物 ②a heroic figure英雄人物
③typical character典型人物 ④a big shot大人物
⑤a small potato/a nobody小人物
⑥VIP(a very important person)重要人物
纵联3.后缀­less形容词大观园
①homeless无家可归的 ②hopeless没有希望的
③breathless气喘吁吁的 ④endless无休止的
⑤countless数不清的 ⑥sleepless不眠的
纵联4.­ed结尾形容词荟萃
①crowded拥挤的 ②polluted受到污染的
③skilled熟练的 ④experienced有经验的
⑤talented/gifted有才能的 ⑥limited有限的
纵联5.trans­开头高频词集锦
①transport n．交通工具 ②transportation n．运输
③transplant v．移植 ④transfer v．运送
⑤transform v．改造 ⑥transmit v．传输

单元话题——发展中国家和发达国家
子话题1　商业、贸易
　①profit n．利润；利益 ②decrease n．& v．减少，减小
③corporation n．公司 ④brand n．商标，牌子
⑤commercial adj.商业的；贸易的 ⑥cooperate vi.合作，配合
⑦establish vt.建立；创办 ⑧invest v．投资
⑨marketing n．行销，销售 ⑩commerce n．贸易；商业
⑪contract n．合同 ⑫enterprise n．企业；事业
子话题2　财政、金融
　①finance n．财政，财政学；金融 ②financial adj.金融的；财政的
③fund n．基金 ④budget n．预算；开支
⑤deposit n．存款；押金 ⑥stock n．股份，股票
⑦loan n．贷款；借款 ⑧currency n．货币；流通
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用
1．(2018·北京高考阅读C) 　❶　 (human) produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year.Almost half of that winds up in landfills (垃圾填埋场), and up to 12 million tons pollute❷ the oceans.So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry❸ worms.
①用human的正确形式填空：Humans。“人类社会”可以表达为：human_society
②写出pollute在本单元中的同根形容词：polluted，其名词形式为：pollution
③写出hungry在本单元的名词形式：hunger，形容词后缀­y表示性质或状态，类似的单词有：happy, empty, healthy, dusty等
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ阅读D) A build­it­yourself solar still (蒸馏器) is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available.　❶　 (develop) by two doctors in the U．S.Department of Agriculture, it's an excellent water collector.　❷　 (unfortunate), you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it's all but impossible to find natural substitutes.
①用develop的正确形式填空：Developed。其同根词还有：developing, development等
②用unfortunate的正确形式填空：Unfortunately。否定前缀un­加形容词或副词，类似的单词还有：unusual, unlimited, unluckily, unwilling等
高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用
(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)欢迎每个人观看这部影片，它讲述了我们学校的发展。(development)
Everyone_is_welcome_to_watch_the_film,_which_tells_about_the_development_of_our_school.
2．(2016·浙江高考书面表达)在事件发生前一个月，我花了几个小时制定了一个时间表，概述了我的目标和实际步骤。(goal)
A_month_before_the_event,_I_spent_hours_working_out_a_schedule_outlining_my_goals_and_practical_steps.
3．(2015·重庆高考写作)同时，他们彼此交换观点和感受，通过这种方式他们很可能会学到更多的知识。(exchange)
Meanwhile,_they_exchange_ideas_and_feelings_with_each_other,_through_which_they_probably_acquire_more_knowledge.
(二)课堂重点释疑
1．measure vt.测定；测量；评估vi.(指尺寸、长、宽、高等)量度为 n．措施，方法；尺度
[辨清]　写出下列句中measure的含义
①We must pay attention to these problems and take effective measures to solve them.措施
②This line measures four times as long as that one.量度为
③It seemed as if the suit was made to his own measure.尺度
④It's difficult to measure the success of the campaign at this stage.评估
⑤Did you measure the distance between the two development zones？测量
[记牢]
be measured by/in　　　　　　　 用……来衡量
make ...to one's measure 按某人的尺寸做……
take measures (to do sth.) 采取措施(做某事)
[练通] 单句语法填空
⑥In the old days, my mother always made new clothes to my own measure with Spring Festival coming.
⑦Education should not be measured purely by/in examination results.
⑧The government has taken measures to_prevent (prevent) house prices rising.
⑨The new bridge under construction, measuring（measure） twice as long as the old one, is due to be completed next month.
[用准]　measure作名词表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式。作动词表示“有……长/宽/高”时，为不及物动词，不用于被动语态和进行时态；若此意义的短语作后置定语时，要用现在分词形式。

[写美]　翻译句子
⑩我们应当采取适当的措施来改善环境。
We_should_take_appropriate_measures_to_improve_our_environment.
2．position n．位置；地位；职位；处境；立场
[记牢]
in a(n) ...position　　　 处于……的地位/处境/立场
in/out of position 在/不在适当的位置
be in a position to do sth. (因有能力、金钱或权力而)能做某事
take (up) a position 就位；得到职位
hold the position of ... 担任……的职务
[练通]
单句语法填空
①Dina, having struggled for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took position at a local advertising agency.
②The best way to make a kid to be independent is to put him in a position where he has no one else to refer to.
③When I know all the facts, I'll be in a position to_advise (advise) you.
补全句子
④Though he didn't hold_an_important_position,_he got along very well with almost everybody and was trusted by most of his leaders.
虽然他没有担任重要职务，但他和每个人相处都很好，受到大部分领导的信任。
[用准]　(1)position作先行词时，其后的定语从句多由where引导；(2)在in/out of position短语中，position是不可数名词，前面不可用冠词。
[写美]　翻译句子
⑤如果你处在我的位置，你也会同情那些可怜的孩子。
If_you_were_in_my_position,_you_would_have_sympathy_for_those_poor_children.
3．figure n．数字；体形；人物；画像；雕像；人影 vt.& vi.考虑；估计；计算；认为
[辨清]　写出下列句中figure的含义
①His political activity made him a powerful figure in Chinese culture.人物
②Lisa was very frightened as she saw a figure in the darkness.人影
③It would be very nice if we had a true figure of how many people in this country haven't got a job.数字
④Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.体形
⑤David Dominoni requested the clerk to figure out his income tax.计算
⑥I figure that he was drunk and shouldn't be allowed to drive.认为
[记牢]
figure out　　　　　　　　 理解；想出；弄明白；计算出
keep one's figure 保持体形
have a good figure 身材好
[练通]　补全句子
⑦(2017·北京高考) If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until you figure_it_out.
如果你不了解某个事物，你可以研究、学习、与其他人探讨，直到你把它弄清楚。
[写美]　翻译句子
⑧为了保持体形，她开始了多吃水果和蔬菜、少吃肉的更健康的饮食。
To_keep_her_figure,_she_began_eating_a_healthier_diet_of_more_fruits_and_vegetables,_and_less_meat.
[词汇过关综合训练]　
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The Hope Project is designed to help those children who drop out of school because of poverty (贫穷)．
2．This football player was accused of taking money for not scoring goals (得分) on purpose.
3．If you want to double your income (收入), you must double your effort.
4．Can you measure (测量) accurately with this ruler?
5．She turned the switch to the OFF position (位置)．
6．You should educate (教育) your children to behave well.
7．Some students use their cellphone mostly as a tool of entertainment (娱乐)．
8．A group discussion in class provides a chance for children to exchange (交换) their ideas.
9．The scheme has been set up to help homeless (无家可归的) people.
10．What are the main differences and similarities (相同点) between them?
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Some countries in Europe obtain a large amount of money from tourism (tour)．
2．With the development (develop) of Internet, more and more people tend to send electronic cards instead of paper one at New Year's time.
3．In order to remove poverty (poor), the World Bank has switched its focus to providing assistance to developing countries.
4．High school education (educate) is very important for students, because it can help them to choose their future.
5．It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring (measure) over 90 metres.
6．(2017·北京高考)She asked her mother why he did that, and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry (hunger)．
7．The center of the car had a few empty seats while both ends were crowded (crowd) with people standing.
8．I'm not sure what I would do if I were in your position.
9．I haven't read either of the articles carefully, but I find that there is a striking similarity (similar) between them.
10．The new guideline stresses efforts to restore nature while reducing industrial (industry) damage to the environment.
Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子
1．中国长江江豚的数量不足1 000只，因此我希望你们能采取一些有效措施来保护它们。(measure)
The number of the finless porpoise is less than 1,000, so I hope you can take_some_effective_measures_to_protect_them.
2．(2018·浙江高考写作)我写信申请学生志愿者的职位。(position)
I'm writing to apply_for_the_position as a student volunteer.
3．我们无法弄明白为什么相当多的昆虫和鸟儿正在灭绝。(figure)
We can't figure_out why quite a number of insects and birds are dying out.
4．玛丽给我上英语课，作为交换，我教她汉语。(exchange)
Mary is giving me English lessons in_exchange_for my teaching her Chinese.
5．这房子很便宜。更重要的是，它在你办公室附近。(locate)
The house is a good bargain.Above all, it is_located_near_your_office.

(一)课前自主学习

1．up_to　　　　　　　　　　 达到；忙于；胜任；由……决定
2．make_sure 确定；弄清楚
3．make_progress 取得进步
4．make_efforts 努力
5．in_particular 尤其；特别
6．be_connected_with 与……有联系；与……有关
7．be/get_close_to [串记1] 接近；靠近
8．at_the_top/bottom_of [串记2] 　 在……顶端/底部
[同根短语串记]
串记1.“be＋adj.＋to (介词)”短语万花筒
①be close to接近；靠近　　　 ②be equal to等于；胜任
③be familiar to为……所熟悉 ④be open to对……开放
⑤be opposite to与……相反 ⑥be similar to与……相似
串记2.top/bottom相关短语个个清
①at the top/bottom of 在……顶端/底部
②on (the) top of 在……上方
③from top to bottom 从上到下
④at bottom 实际上；本质上
⑤from the bottom of one's heart 　 从某人心底里

1．reduce poverty 减少贫困
2．in recent years 在最近几年
3．follow these steps 按照这些步骤
4．at the top of the list 高居榜首
5．improve the environment 改善环境
6．move out of poverty 脱贫
7．of the same age 同岁
8．give some financial help 提供一些经济援助

1．Norway is at the top of the list, while the US is at number 7.
挪威高居榜首，而美国则排在第七。
2．Although more than 80% of children in developing countries go to primary school, about 115 million children are not being educated.在发展中国家，虽然80%以上的儿童都能上小学，但仍有约1.15亿儿童不能接受教育。
3．It's an agreement between towns or cities of_similar_size_and_age ...
这是大小和历史相似的城镇或城市之间的一份协议……
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一)　完形中的短语和句式(补全句子)
1．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空) One thing is for certain — Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting_so_close_to (如此靠近) the burning vehicle!
2．(2015·天津高考完形填空)One agent recommended a house in_particular (特别)．Although her description sounded wonderful, the price was beyond our range, so we declined.
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ完形填空) Although_Freddy_was_taken (尽管Freddy被带走了) from us, we all took something from Freddy.
高考采撷(二)　写作中的短语和句式(补全句子/词汇替换)
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)What's more, before you enjoy the meal, better make_sure you avoid making noises while chewing food.
而且，在你享用这顿饭之前，最好确保在咀嚼食物时不要发出响声。
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达) I'm happy that you have gotten improved faster in Chinese.(用本单元短语替换加黑词)
made_rapid_progress
3．(2017·天津高考书面表达) To get admitted, I have made good preparations beforehand, trying to know as much as I could about my city, Tianjin.(用本单元短语替换加黑词)
making_efforts
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我的同学喜欢打篮球，而我喜欢踢足球。(while用作并列连词)
My classmates like playing basketball, while_I_like_playing_football.
5．(2014·四川高考书面表达)虽然一些问题对我来说似乎不太熟悉，但是它们很容易回答。(although引导让步状语从句)
Although_some_of_the_questions_seem_unfamiliar_to_me,_they are easy to answer.
(二)课堂重点释疑
[短语集释]
1．up to直到；达到；到……为止；忙于；胜任；由……决定
[辨清]　写出下列句中up to的含义
①It is up to you whether we accept the present or not.由……决定
②Some study rooms are for 2－3 people and others can hold up to 6－8 people.达到
③John was fired because he was not up to his work.胜任
④The children are very quiet.I wonder what they are up to.忙于
⑤She continued to care for her father up to the time of his recovery.到……为止
[记牢]
up to now　　　　　　　　 直到现在
up to then 直到那时
It is up to you. 随你的便。/由你来决定。
It is up to sb.to do sth. 由某人决定做某事
[练通]　单句语法填空
⑥It's up to you to decide whether to go or not.
⑦I have_heard (hear) nothing from him up to now.
[用准]　(1)up to意为“胜任”时，通常用于疑问句或否定句中，to后面可接名词、代词或动名词。
(2)up to now常与现在完成时连用。
[写美]　补全句子
⑧生活只给我们时间和空间，如何去填充它由我们决定。
Life just gives us time and space.It's_up_to_us_to_decide_how_to_fill_it.
2．make efforts努力
[记牢]
(1)make an effort/efforts/every effort to do sth.
(尽一切)努力做某事
spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力做某事
(2)with effort 努力地
without effort 毫不费力地；容易地
[练通]
单句语法填空
①(2016·江苏高考) More efforts, as reported, will_be_made (make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supply­side structural reform.
②Food safety is very important, so the government spares no effort to_prevent (prevent) food pollution.
③It is impossible that you achieve your goal without effort, isn't it?
补全句子
④No pains, no gains.I am sure that with_your_great_efforts,_you will enjoy a colorful and fruitful life here.
不劳无获。我确信只要你们付出巨大努力，你们就会在这里享有一种丰富多彩、充实的生活。
[写美]　补全句子
⑤首先，我会努力照顾好我的家人，尤其是我年迈的祖父，因为他已经把他一生中大部分时间都致力于养育两代人。
To begin with, I will make_every_effort_to_take_good_care_of_my_family,_especially my aged grandfather because he has devoted most of his life to bringing up two generations.
[联想]　表示“竭尽全力做某事”的常用表达还有：
①do/try one's best to do sth.
②do all/everything in one's power to do sth.
3．be/get close to接近，靠近；即将发生
[记牢]
(1)close down (广播电台、电视台)停止播音；停播；(工厂等
的)关闭；停业
close up 关闭；停歇；靠拢；靠近；靠紧
(2)close vt. 关闭
adj. 实力接近的；严密的；亲密的
adv. 靠近(指距离上)
closely adv. 密切地；仔细地(指程度或关系的紧密)
closed adj. 关闭的；封闭的；停业的
[练通]　单句语法填空
①The two countries are close to signing (sign) a peace agreement.
②If the firms failed to make enough money, they would close down.
③The kids seated themselves close to the teacher and listened closely with great interest.(close)
[用准]　be/get close to短语中to为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
[写美]　补全句子
④最重要的是，营地里呼吸的是新鲜的空气，并且这是一次接近大自然的好机会。
Most importantly, the air in the camp is fresh to breathe and it_is_a_good_chance_to get_close_to_nature.
[句式集释]
while用作并列连词
[教材原句]　Norway is at the top of the list, while the US is at number 7.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)Some sports are usually done indoors, while_others_are_done_outdoors.
一些运动通常在室内做，然而其他的在室外做。
(2)While_I_was_sitting_in_the_classroom_and_doing_my_papers,_I felt confident and was full of energy.
我坐在教室里做试卷时感到信心十足、精力旺盛。
(3)While_the_Internet_is_of_great_help_to_us,_I don't think it is a good idea to spend too much time on it.
尽管互联网对我们有很大的帮助，但我认为在这方面花太多的时间并不是好主意。
(4)We can surely overcome these difficulties while_we_are_closely_united.
只要我们紧密地团结在一起，就一定能克服这些困难。
[析用法规则]
用法归纳
(1)while用作并列连词，表示对比或转折，意为“然而；可是”；用来连接两个并列分句；
(2)while用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，从句谓语动词要用延续性动词；
(3)while用作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管；虽然”；从句往往位于主句之前；
(4)while用作从属连词，引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”。
注意事项
(1)while还可用作名词，意为“(一段)时间”。例如：
Several years ago, the famous writer put down his pen for a while.
(2)when引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词。当时间状语从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，while和when可以互换。
[背写作佳句]
(1)(2017·天津高考书面表达) I always feel exhausted after a day's study, while it is worthwhile to try my best to pursue my ideal.(要点句)
(2)(2018·北京高考书面表达)Then I showed them how to make tea.I sat at a table, explaining every step of the process while making tea.(要点句)
[词块、句式过关综合训练]　
Ⅰ.选词填空
up to， make sure， make progress， make efforts， in particular， be connected with， get close to， at the bottom of
1．The police haven't really done anything for the black community in_particular.
2．At_the_bottom_of the bed was the stocking, now full of all kinds of small presents and sweets.
3．We watched the map closely to think up a practical way of getting_close_to the island.
4．China has made_efforts for a breakthrough in the total number of gold medals in the coming Winter Olympic Games.
5．When you're shopping for wood benches or tables, check to make_sure they are certified as sustainable.
6．If we want to make_progress in our study, above all, we must be strict with ourselves.
7．As is shown in the report, teenager problems are often connected_with family life and education.
8．Holidaymakers can save up_to 30% on a trip to Australia with the Austravel sale, which runs for about a month.
Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子/句型转换
1．生活就像一个杯子，而它是“杯具”还是“洗具”，由你自己决定。(up to)
Life is like a cup, but it's_up_to_you_to_decide whether it's a drinking cup or a toothbrush cup.
2．(2017·江苏高考书面表达)因此，电影业应更加努力吸引更多的观众。(make efforts)
Therefore, the film industry should make_greater_efforts_to_attract more viewers.
3．(2016·江苏高考书面表达)一些人从中获益，而另一些人则很迷茫，不知道应该给谁投票。(while用作并列连词)
Some people benefit from it, while_others_feel_puzzled at who to vote.
4．I was faced with enormous difficulties, but I worked with perseverance.
→Although/Though/While_I_was_faced_with enormous difficulties, I worked with perseverance.
5．I do hope this book will be very valuable to him in his studies.
→I do hope this book will be of_great_value to him in his studies.
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I just finished reading a story about a school administrator who was once a middle school teacher in a large American city. She had a life­changing experience that I can identify_with too.
After dinner one evening, she was waiting to get on the elevator and when the doors opened, she was face to face with a former student who she had made leave school. The student was not allowed to return and now, several years later, she was faced_with the same student.
He had brought a BB gun to school. There were zero tolerance rules in place in the school. A BB gun, though not a deadly weapon, could still do a lot of bodily harm and perhaps it could prove dangerous. The fact is, the school was no place for it to be brought. The student was expelled (开除) and told not to come back.
She and the student, immediately recognized each other and he offered a pleasant greeting to her as he stepped_out_of the elevator. He had in fact joined the military academy and was about to take the SAT to enter college. She was thankful that his life had not gone in_a_different_direction and that he wasn't in_jail. He had a positive outlook on his life and a plan to pursue something good in his future.
Yesterday, I was in a grade 1 high school class teaching TOEFL Speaking. Tony was sitting in the first row. I noticed that before class, Tony had slightly kicked a desk and was obviously upset about something. I also know that he has a girlfriend in the class and I quickly concluded that they'd had an argument. I know that it is silly of him to act that way or perhaps even have a girlfriend at that age. Nevertheless,_he does and this little drama was unfolding even before class began.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
I was also sensitive to the fact that he likely wasn't ready to stand up and answer the TOEFL questions I'd posed to the class.　


Paragraph 2：
I've been a teacher long enough to be able to read the students in the classroom and knew he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him.　


[写作步骤]
第一步：速读全文
文本大意：作者首先分享了一个故事：一位老师遇到以前被自己开除的学生，学生被开除的原因是他把BB枪带进了校园。出乎意料的是这个学生目前在军校读书，而且积极向上。然后作者讲述了在自己的课堂上遇到的一件事。
叙述意图：文章告诉我们教育需要爱心，友善的态度是教育最基本的前提条件，而且也是教育的真正动力。



第二步：细读全文
1．所给短文情景模式分析。
who
I, a middle school teacher, a former student, Tony
what
A student was expelled (开除). However, he had a positive outlook on his life. Then the author told us what happened in a high school class when teaching TOEFL Speaking.
when
after dinner one evening, yesterday
where
in a high school class
why
The student had brought a BB gun to school while Tony had had an argument with his girlfriend.
　　
2.对原文所提供的下划线词语进行分类。
★人物：teacher, student
★事件：in a different direction, in jail, faced with
★动作与心理描写：identify with, step out of, upset, conclude
★其他：nevertheless
第三步：精心谋篇
1．Paragraph 1：I was also sensitive to the fact that he likely wasn't ready to stand up and answer the TOEFL questions I'd posed to the class.　我也意识到这一事实，他可能不愿意站起来回答我给同学们提出的托福问题。
[情节分析]　从短文内容可知故事应围绕师生之间的事情展开。注意续写第一段提示语部分关键词“学生可能不愿意站起来回答问题”，面对这种情况，老师该如何选择呢？是像上文提到的老师那样严厉对待学生，还是想其他办法呢？故续写部分应为作者作为老师的心理斗争。
2．Paragraph 2：I've been a teacher long enough to be able to read the students in the classroom and knew he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him.　
我从教时间已经够长的了，能够看透教室里每个学生的心思，所以知道他需要一些时间放松、镇定下来，然后我再让他回答问题。
[情节分析]　注意本段所给开头句子“knew he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him”，续写第二段提示语表明要等到他镇定下来后再提问他，因此接下来要描述何时提问的，以及提问的结果如何，最后通过对比两个故事谈作者自己的感受。所以下文续写应是谈自己的具体做法，最后结合全文，和作者前面读到的故事产生联系，讲述对待学生要具体问题具体分析。
第四步：初写成文
Paragraph 1：
1．我认为我应该给他几分钟让他镇定下来。
I thought I should give him a few minutes to_calm_down.
2．如果我觉得他还没有从愤怒和不安中恢复过来的话，我也许昨天就把他跳过去了。
If I didn't feel that he had_recovered_from his anger and being upset, I might even skip him yesterday.
3．当我面对这种情况的时候，我的脑海里有两种声音。
There were two voices in my head when I was faced with such_a_situation.
4．一种说，“让他回答！”另一种说，“听从自己的内心”。
One said, “Make him do it！” The other said, “Listen_to_your_heart.”
5．值得庆幸的是，我听从了自己的内心感受。
Thankfully,_I listened to my heart.
Paragraph 2：
6．我把他留到近乎最后。他出乎我的意料，回答得比我预料的要好。
I left him almost to the last one and he surprised me and did better than_expected.
7．倾听自己的心声，而不是对他刻薄，证明我事情做对了。
Listening to my heart instead of making it hard on him, proved_to_be the right thing to do.
8．托尼不仅获得面子和理解，而且我也得出结论，老师有时需要坚强和苛求。
Tony not only got the opportunity to receive some grace and understanding, but I also concluded_that a teacher needs to be strong and demanding sometimes.
9．也有一些时候，老师需要与学生的情感进行沟通，需要听从自己内心的声音。
There are also times that the teacher needs to be in_touch_with the emotional needs of the students and listen to the voice of the heart.
第五步：润色升级
1．把要点3改为省略句。
There_were_two_voices_in_my_head_when_faced_with_such_a_situation.
2．把要点8改为倒装句。
Not_only_did_Tony_get_the_opportunity_to_receive_some_grace_and_understanding,_but_I_also_concluded_that_a_teacher_needs_to_be_strong_and_demanding_sometimes.
第六步：复查定稿
Paragraph 1：
I was also sensitive to the fact that he likely wasn't ready to stand up and answer the TOEFL questions I'd posed to the class. So I thought I should give him a few minutes to calm down. If I didn't feel that he had recovered from his anger and being upset, I might even skip him yesterday. There were two voices in my head when faced_with such a situation. One said, “Make him do it！” The other said, “Listen to your heart.” Thankfully, I listened to my heart.
Paragraph 2：
I've been a teacher long enough to be able to read the students in the classroom and knew he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him. I left him almost to the last one and he surprised me and did better than expected. Listening to my heart instead of making it hard on him, proved to be the right thing to do. Not only did Tony get the opportunity to receive some grace and understanding, but I also concluded that a teacher needs to be strong and demanding sometimes. Nevertheless,_there are also times that the teacher needs to be in touch with the emotional needs of the students and listen to the voice of the heart.

理清文体结构之(十四)　说明文之事理类——掌握行文结构最重要
事理类说明文在某个程度上与议论文相似，在文章开头往往提出一个现象，接着以科学研究成果为例，说明这个现象的普遍性与真实性，在文章最后给出结论，与篇首的现象相互印证。
　　[高考典例]　2016·天津卷·C篇
[速读全文，理行文结构]
　　[1]When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.
[2]These are the findings of a 40­year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. “Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society，” said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery. “And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.”
[3]Vaillant’s study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men’s mental­health scores with their boyhood­activity scores. Points were awarded for part­time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.
[4]The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.
[5]Working — at any age — is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence — the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn’t everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work.”
1.提出现象(第1段)
童年时期帮助做家务的孩子长大后更快乐。(可解46题)
2.以研究成果为例说明该现象的普遍性和真实性
用数字验证现象
3.给出结论
第5段点明工作的重要性，童年时期的各项活动能够帮助孩子情感健康发展，这也印证了第1段提出的现象。(可解50题)
[定区间·细比对]
46．What do we know about John?
A．He enjoyed his career and marriage.
B．He had few childhood playmates.
C．He received little love from his family.
D．He was envied by others in his childhood.
50．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Competent adults know more about love than work.
B．Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.
C．Love brings more joy to people than work does.
D．Independence is the key to one’s success.
[答案]　46.A　50.B
46．由题干关键词定位到第1段划波浪线部分，分析得出答案。
50．由题干关键词定位到最后一段(结论段)，归纳得出答案。